An Der Gauge Agitator

www.andergauge.com

Simplicity in Action

AG-ITATOR Handbook

AG-ITATOR

1. Introduction 1.1 Drilling 1.2 Intervention and Coiled Tubing

2. How It Works

3. Planning the Job 3.1 Operating Parameters 3.2 Drilling/Completion Fluids 3.3 MWD

4. Applications 4.1 Drilling Applications 4.2 Non-Drilling Applications 4.3 Optimisation Service

5. Drilling Procedures (Jointed Pipe) 5.1 Surface Testing 5.2 Testing with MWD Systems 5.3 Advice Whilst Drilling 5.4 Tool Storage and Handling

6. Trouble Shooting 6.1 Tool Operation 6.2 Hot Hole Tools

7. Specifications 7.1 AG-itator Specifications 7.2 Power Sections. Specifications and Guidelines. 7.3 Dog Leg Severity (DLS) 7.4 Shock Tool Selection

Contents

The information contained within this handbook is believed to be accurate and is based upon run histories and empirical data. However, Andergauge makes no warranties or representations to that effect. All information is furnished in good faith, and the use of this information is entirely at the risk of the user.

Revision 02_2005

AG-ITATOR

1.1 Drilling

The AG-itator gently oscillates the BHA or drillstring to substantially reduce friction. This means improved weight transfer and reduced stick-slip in all modes of drilling, but especially when oriented drilling with a steerable motor. As well profiles become more tortuous and the limits of extended reach boundaries are explored, the AG-itator provides a simple means of expanding the operating window of conventional steerable motor assemblies.

Smooth weight transfer and exceptional tool face control is now possible with PDC bits, even in significantly depleted formations after large azimuth changes. Extended intervals can be achieved and the lack of requirement to work the BHA - to obtain and maintain tool face - provides significant ROP improvements.

The AG-itator is compatible with all MWD systems and provides a viable means of extending long reach targets whilst improving ROP, reducing rock bit runs and minimising the chance of differential sticking.

MWD/LWD Compatibility• Does not damage MWD tools or corrupt signals• Reduces lateral and torsional vibration• Run above or below MWD• No impact force to bit or tubulars

Bit Friendly• Can be used with rock bit or fixed cutter bits• No impact forces to damage teeth or bearings• Extends PDC life through controlled weight transfer;

no spudding

Directional Enhancement• Prevents weight stacking and allows excellent tool

face control• Provides means of sliding at increased ROP and lower

weight off hook• Allows weight transfer with less drill pipe compression

1. Introduction

The AG-itator allows steerable motors to expand the boundaries of extended reach drilling, and enhances their efficiency in less complex applications.

1.2 Intervention and Coiled Tubing

Friction also plagues intervention work. The AG-itator has been used to convey memory logs, perforating guns and to slide stuck tubing sleeves at the end of tortuous completion strings. It has also proven beneficial in running liners and in the retrieval of stuck assemblies.

Note: Please contact Andergauge for up to date information.

Fig. 1

AG-ITATOR

2. How It Works

Power Section

Shock Tool

The AG-itator system relies on three main mechanisms:1. Power section2. Valve and bearing section3. Excitation section: ■ Running on jointed pipe = use a shock tool ■ Running on coiled tubing = coiled tubing does the shock tool’s job

Valve & Bearing Section

Fig. 2

P (psi)

t (sec)

1. Valve moves to one extremity TFA minimised = pressure peak

P = pressure drop across valve plates

t = time

t (sec)

P (psi)

2. Valve moves to center TFA maximised = pressure trough

P (psi)

t (sec)

3. Valve moves to other extremityTFA minimised = pressure peak

Fig. 3. Relative positions of valve plates

The power section drives the valve section producing pressure pulses which in turn activate the shock tool or act on the coiled tubing. It is the axial motion of the shock tool or coiled tubing which breaks static friction.

The unique valve system is the heart of the tool; it converts the energy available from the pumped fluid into a series of pressure fluctuations (pressure pulses). This is done by creating cyclical restrictions through the use of a pair of valve plates. The valve opens and closes with the result that the total flow area (TFA) of the tool cycles from maximum to minimum.

At minimum TFA, the pressure is high and at maximum TFA, the pressure is low. (See Fig. 3)

AG-ITATOR

The frequency of these pressure pulses is directionally proportional to the flow rate. Refer to the tool specifications to see the frequency/flow rate relationship for each tool size. The size of the valve plates is configured based on operational parameters to optimise performance and ensure that the pressure drop is always within specification.

The AG-itator itself only creates pressure pulses. In order to transform this hydraulic energy into a useful mechanical force in jointed pipe operations, a shock tool is placed above the AG-itator tool in the BHA or drill string as in Fig 2. In coiled tubing operations only the AG-itator is required; the coiled tubing expands and contracts as the pressure pulses act on it.

The shock tool contains a sealed mandrel which is spring loaded axially. When internal pressure is applied to the shock tool the mandrel will extend due to pressure acting on the sealing area (also known as the pump open area) within the tool. If the pressure is removed, the springs return the mandrel to its original position. When used directly above the AG-itator, the pressure pulses cause the shock tool to extend and retract, thus producing an axial oscillation. The AG-itator system may be positioned anywhere in the drillstring to focus energy where it will be most effective.

AG-itator System - Overview□ The AG-itator System consists of a power section which drives a valve.□ The valve creates pressure pulses. Their frequency is directly proportional to the flow rate.□ Shock Tool: A shock tool converts pressure pulses into axial movement (in coiled tubing applications a shock tool is not required)

Seal Area

How It Works

Fig. 4 Shock Tool

Springs

AG-ITATOR

3. Planning The Job

3.1 Operating ParametersCustomers are requested to complete a simple AG-itator pre-job check sheet to ensure that the tool is set-up correctly, including:• Flow rate• Fluid weight and type (See section 3.2)• Pressure drop available to the AG-itator• Downhole temperature• Inclination and azimuth• Drilling/intervention plan and/or well type• Planned BHA configuration

The valve plates will be selected based upon flow rate, fluid weight and pressure drop available to the AG-itator. The flow rate and mud weight ranges should be kept as accurate as possible to aid best tool set-up. Hydraulics software is used to aid tool set-up and produce an operating chart for the job.

3.2 Drilling/Completion FluidsDrilling/completion fluids information is required to ensure that the power section elastomer and the rotor will be compatible with the operating environment:• Brand and manufacturer• Type/composition• Chlorides concentration• ph level• Mud – oil/water ratio (%)• MSDS sheets for all completion fluids

and additives

Downhole operating temperatures will also influence choice of power section.

3.3 MWDThe AG-itator is compatible with all MWD systems. Pre-job planning is advised to avoid any problems at the rig site, however. Where the MWD frequency can be altered please contact Andergauge for advice. Also see Section 7.1 for AG-itator frequency information.

4.1 Drilling ApplicationsApplications and tool positioning:• Above motor, below MWD• Above motor and MWD• Vertical rotary assembly• Andergauge adjustable stabiliser assembly• Up hole on drill pipe

(See 4.3 Optimisation Service)• Dual AG-itator assembly

(See 4.3 Optimisation Service)• TTRD• Coiled tubing drilling

4.2 Non-Drilling Applications• Coiled Tubing Intervention: - Extended reach

- Stimulation - Manipulation - Scale/fill removal - Logging

• Fishing• Running liners• Cementing

4.3 Optimisation ServiceIf provided with full well information, Andergauge can provide an optimisation service to ensure that the placement of the AG-itator is optimised for jointed pipe operations.• Torque and drag analysis• Determine effective friction factors

4. Applications

Pressure Drop

Shock Tool

Pulses act on pump open seal area

Pulse generated at operating frequency

Pulses converted to axial displacement

AG-itator

Power Section

Valve & Bearing Section

AG-ITATOR

5. Drilling Procedures (Jointed Pipe)

5.1 Surface Testing• Make up the tool in the BHA; do not grip on stator

body whilst making up.• For BHA placement in jointed pipe applications the

AG-itator will normally be positioned between the mud motor and the MWD system. (see 4. Applications and 5.3 Tool Positioning).

• The shock tool is placed directly above the AG-itator main body. (See Fig 5)

• The AG-itator and shock tool may be tested on surface to test the movement of the shock tool.

• The AG-itator frequency is directly proportional to flow rate. During the surface test, strong rig vibrations may be apparent. If this is the case, it may be necessary to test with a lower flow rate. At lower flow rates the movement on the shock tool will be reduced.

• Movement should be seen at the top of the shock tool during the surface test. Movement is generally in the range ⅛” - ⅜” (3 – 10 mm). If there is very little weight below the shock tool, movement may not commence until a reasonable flow rate has been achieved.

Cold Climates TestingThe tool should not be surface tested if the temperature is below 14ºF (-10ºC). There is a high risk of damaging the elastomer.

Hot Hole Tools TestingThe power section will be fitted with a relaxed interference fit to ensure correct performance under hot conditions. On surface (lower temperatures) the elastomer will not swell and a higher then specified pressure drop will be experienced.

Note: Contact Andergauge for Operating Procedures relating to coiled tubing drilling and intervention operations.

Fig. 5. AG-itator

AG-ITATOR

Drilling Procedures

5.2 Testing with MWD SystemsCheck with the MWD Field Engineers whether they will be testing just to see pulses (Pulse Only Test), a more comprehensive test (Full MWD Test), or if they will test the MWD 200 – 300 metres downhole (Shallow Hole MWD Testing).

Pulse Only Test (at Surface)This can be done with the AG-itator in the BHA. Test the flow rate required by the MWD (this should be more than sufficient to activate the AG-itator system). There will be easily recognisable oscillations in the BHA. If the shock tool is visible, there will be an obvious ⅛” - ⅜” (3–10 mm) axial movement.

Full MWD Test (at Surface)Andergauge recommends testing the AG-itator separately from the MWD string. Once the test has been successfully completed, the AG-itator can then be picked up and tested.Bring the pumps up steadily until vibrations can be felt, or movement seen in the shock-tool. There is no need to pump at full drilling rate for the AG-itator test. As soon as vibrations are seen, the test is successful and the pumps can be turned off.

Shallow Hole MWD TestingWhere an MWD test is to be done at a depth of typically 200 – 300 m, Andergauge recommends the AG-itator and motor are tested at surface, as above. The MWD string can then be picked up and run into the hole for a normal test.There is no minimum duration for testing – if vibration is seen, then the test is good.Additional confirmation can be seen on the MWD Operator’s pulse detection screen.

5.3 Advice Whilst DrillingWeight on BitThe AG-itator can be more effective at overcoming weight stacking problems when lower WOB is used. With a higher WOB the springs in the shock tool are compressed, reducing the effectiveness of the AG-itator. In low inclination wells ensure that the shock tool is in compression and avoid bit bounce.

Tool PositioningIn highly tortuous well designs, or where it can be proven that weight stacking is occurring further up the hole, it may be beneficial to run the AG-itator system higher in the drill string. Please contact your local Andergauge office for further assistance.

Operational EffectivenessThe optimum effectiveness of the tool depends on mud flow rate. The tool will have been specifically configured for the job in hand and should be run at its optimum flow rate for maximum performance. The tool will be more aggressive at higher flow rates. The “Pre-Job Check Sheet” will contain drilling parameters specific to your job.

Note: Check with your local Andergauge office if there will be significant changes in drilling parameters.

6.1 Tool OperationRecognising How the Tool is WorkingIf the AG-itator is under-performing then the following factors should be considered:• Mud weight and flow rate vs. planned: Check these

parameters against the operating chart.• BHA position – reposition the AG-itator or add a

second tool (See 4.3 Optimisation Service)• Temperature and mud type: actual vs. planned• Hours in hole• LCM pumped – AG-itator has same capabilities as a

drilling motor.

Elastomer Over ShakersMore than likely to be the drilling motor. The AG-itator power section is not required to generate torque therefore is less stressed and less likely to fail. The AG-itator power section is a 1:2 lobe style section whereas most motors are multilobe. (See Fig. 6) Therefore close observation of the elastomer pieces should reveal whether it is the AG-itator or a multilobe moulding.

AG-ITATOR

6. Trouble Shooting

Section through a 1:2 PDM

Section through a 5:6 PDM

Fig. 6

5.4 Tool Storage and HandlingCold Climate Storage GuidelinesStators should be stored in an environment above 32°F (0°C). Short duration below freezing will be unavoidable when transporting to the field or on stand-by but long term storage should be above 32°F (0°C). Assembled tools should not be stored in temperatures below 14ºF (-10ºC) for periods exceeding one week.

Hot Climate Storage GuidelinesStators should not be stored in direct sunlight. Cover tools with a tarpaulin if stored outdoors.

Post-Job HandlingFlush tool with clean water first then apply a soapy solution, e.g. washing-up liquid. The AG-itator’s power section cannot be rotated by external force; hang tool vertically (pin connection down); pour solution in the top (box connection) and allow to filter down through the power section. Alternatively, pump fresh water though the tool.

Signal LossThe AG-itator will still be operating even if a signal reduction or loss is experienced. This is not unusual, and only if accompanied by a large pressure change should there be cause for concern. Signal loss is likely to be caused by:• Harmonics• Attenuation

Often the signal will return through time/depth if caused by harmonics. If down to attenuation then the signal will generally decrease with depth (See Fig 8).

The MWD software and hardware set-up itself will affect the oscilloscope display. Check the following when comparing signals:□ Axis scale and units□ Harmonics□ Filters

Using the MWD Oscilloscope to Monitor AG-itator FrequencyThe AG-itator’s frequency can be monitored on the MWD oscilloscope (See Fig 7). Normally a spike will be apparent at the AG-itator’s operating frequency which verifies tool operation. Fig.7 shows spike at approx. 17 Hz.The operating frequency can vary by up to 2Hz from tool to tool so do not be alarmed if the frequency is not exactly as calculated. Changes in temperature can also affect the tool frequency.

AG-ITATOR

Trouble Shooting

Fig. 7

0.31

0.25

0.19

0.12

0.06

0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0Frequency

Ampl

itude

Example MWD Trace Fig. 8

0.31

0.25

0.19

0.12

0.06

0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0Frequency

Ampl

itude

Example MWD Trace

Tool

Size

(OD)

2-1/8

”2-

3/8”

2-7/8

”2-

7/8” (

HF)

3-1/8

” (HF

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Over

all L

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t6 f

t5 -

3/4 ft

7 ft

7 ft

6-1/2

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ht

80 lb

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100 l

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0 lbs

125 l

bs12

5 lbs

Reco

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ende

d Fl

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40

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pm40

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Tem

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150°

C15

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150°

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Oper

atin

g fre

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9 Hz @

40 gp

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m9 H

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9 Hz @

120 g

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120 g

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Oper

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gene

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d60

0-80

0 psi

600-

800 p

si60

0-80

0 psi

500-

700 p

si50

0-70

0 psi

450-

700 p

si

Max P

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51.00

0 lbs

51.00

0 lbs

78,00

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78,00

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129,0

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4,000

lbs

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6-3/4

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310 l

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s2,0

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25

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400-

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16-1

7 Hz @

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AG-ITATOR

7. Specifications

7.1 AG-itator Specifications

Specifications

2-1/8” AG-itator Assembly

Dim Description In Mm Dim Description In MmA 2-1/8” AG-itator 72.90 1852 ØH Bottom Sub 1.00 25

B Top Sub Length 7.90 201 ØI Top Sub 1.25 32

C Stator Length 57.00 1448 ØJ Top Sub 1.45 37

D Bottom Sub Length 8.00 203 ØK Stator I.D. 1.75 44

ØE Top Sub 2.12 54 L Rotor 44.30 1125ØF Stator 2.12 54 X 1-½” AMMT Connection

ØG Bottom Sub 2.12 54 Z 1.820” 10-3G Stub ACME Thread


Dim Description In Mm Dim Description In MmA 2-1/8” AG-itator 72.90 1852 ØH Bottom Sub 1.00 25

B Top Sub Length 7.90 201 ØI Top Sub 1.25 32

C Stator Length 57.00 1448 ØJ Top Sub 1.45 37

D Bottom Sub Length 8.00 203 ØK Stator I.D. 1.75 44

ØE Top Sub 2.38 60 L Rotor 46.56 1183ØF Stator 2.38 60 X 1-½” AMMT Connection

ØG Bottom Sub 2.38 60 Z 1.820” 10-3G Stub ACME Thread

AG-ITATOR

L

C

A

B

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F

L

C

A

B

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F


Dim Description In Mm Dim Description In MmA 2-7/8” AG-itator 69.00 1753 ØI Top Sub 1.25 32

B Top Sub Length 8.00 203 ØJ Top Sub 2.06 527

C Stator Length 53.00 1346 ØK Stator I.D. 2.44 624

D Bottom Sub Length 8.00 203 L Rotor 44.35 1126

ØE Top Sub 2.88 73 ØM Rotor OD 1.10 28

ØF Stator 2.88 73 X 3-3/8” PAC-DSI Connection — —

ØG Bottom Sub 2.88 73 Y Sub ID Restricted from 0.550” to 0.90”

ØH Bottom Sub 1.25 32 Z 2.550” 8-3G Stub ACME Thread — —

Specifications

2-7/8” AG-itator Assembly (HF)






ØF Stator 2.88 73 X 2-3/8” PAC-DSI Connection — —

ØG Bottom Sub 2.88 73 Y Sub ID Restricted from 0.60” and 0.90”

ØH Bottom Sub 1.25 32 Z 2.550” Stub ACME Thread — —

AG-ITATOR

L

D

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B

M

Y

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X

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B

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Specifications


AG-ITATOR






ØF Stator 3.13 80 X 2-3/8” REG Connection — —




3-3/8” AG-itator with 2-7/8” REG ConnectionDim Description In Mm Dim Description In Mm

A 3-3/8” AG-itator 77.05 1957 Ø I Stator 2.75 70B Top Sub 15.75 400 Ø J Bottom Sub 1.586 40C Stator 48.00 1219 Ø K Bottom Sub 1.50 38D Bottom Sub 13.30 338 L Rotor 39.00 990

Ø E Top Sub 3.50 89 X 2-7/8” Reg Pin — —Ø F Stator 3.38 86 Y 2-7/8” Reg Box — —Ø G Bottom Sub 3.50 89 Z 2.875-8-3G Stub ACMEØ H Top Sub 1.60 41

C

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SpecificationsAG-ITATOR







ØF Stator 3.38 86 X 2-3/8” REG Connection — —




Dim Description In Mm Dim Description In MmA 3-3/4” AG-itator 151 3835 ØK Top Sub ID 1.50 38

B Top Sub Length 51.30 1303 ØL Top Sub ID 2.13 54

C Stator Length 49.60 1260 ØM Stator ID 2.75 70

D Bottom Sub Length 51.00 1296 N Rotor Length 38.98 990

ØE Top Sub OD 4.00 102 O Rotor OD 1.12 29

ØF Top Sub OD 3.75 95 P Top Sub Fishing Neck 12.00 305

ØG Stator OD 3.75 95 X See above table

ØH Bottom Sub OD 3.75 95 Y Sub ID Restricted between 0.725” and 0.875”

ØI Bottom Sub OD 4.00 102 Z Modofied PAC Connection

ØJ Bottom Sub ID 1.50 38

Connection Option

X

2-3/8” IF2-7/8” IF2-7/8” AMOH2-7/8” REG

C

A

B

D

N

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Specifications

4-3/4” AG-itator Assembly Standard and High Flow

Dim Description In Mm Dim Description In Mm

A 4-3/4” AG-itator 105 2667 ØI Top Sub 2.25 57

B Top Sub Length 18 457 ØJ Top Sub 3.35 85

C Stator Length 68 1727 ØK Stator ID 3.84 97

D Bottom Sub 19 483 L Rotor 54.07 1373 ØE Top Sub OD 4.75 121 ØM Rotor OD 1.64 42

ØF Stator OD 4.75 121 X 3-1/2” IF Connection — —

ØG Bottom Sub 4.75 121 ØY Sub ID Restricted from 1.00” to 1.35”

ØH Bottom Sub 2.00 51 Z 4.3” - 4 TPI Tapered ACME Thread



A 6-3/4” AG-itator 113.0 2870 ØI Top Sub 2.81 71


C Stator Length 72.00 1829 ØK Stator ID 5.57 141

D Bottom Sub 22.50 572 L Rotor 57 1448 ØE Top Sub OD 6.75 171 ØM Rotor OD 2.57 65

ØF Stator OD 6.75 171 X 3-1/2” IF Connection — —

ØG Bottom Sub 6.75 171 ØY Sub ID Restricted from 1.00” to 1.35”

ØH Bottom Sub 2.50 64 Z 4.3” - 4 TPI Tapered ACME Thread

L

D

C

A

B

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X

ZØJ

M

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X

Z

Y

AG-ITATOR

L

D

C

AØF

BØI

X

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M

Z

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X

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8” AG-itator Assembly

Dim Description In Mm Dim Description In MmA 8” AG-itator 152.26 3866 ØI Top Sub 4.00 102



D Bottom Sub 33.56 852 L Rotor 72.91 1671 ØE Top Sub OD 8.00 203 ØM Rotor OD 2.77 70

ØF Stator OD 8.00 203 X 6-5/8” REG Connection — —

ØG Bottom Sub 8.00 203 ØY Sub ID Restricted from 1.00” to 2”

ØH Bottom Sub 3.50 89 Z 6.965” - Modified ACME Thread


X OD ID6-5/8” REG 8.00” 3.50”7-5/8” REG 9.62” 3.00”

Connection Details


A 9-5/8” AG-itator 145.30 3690 ØI Top Sub See above

table



D Bottom Sub 27.80 706 L Rotor 70.60 1793 ØE Top Sub OD See above table ØM Rotor OD 4.09 104

ØF Stator OD 9.62 244 X Top & Bottom Sub

See above table

ØG Bottom Sub See above table ØY Sub ID Restricted from 2.00” to 2.50”

ØH Bottom Sub See above table Z 8.500” - Modified ACME Thread

C

A

D

B

L

X

M

X

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AG-ITATOR

Specifications

L

C

A

D

B

M

ØI

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X

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Z

X

Y

ØF

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ØG

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Tool Frequency (Pulse Frequency) at any given flow rate

AG-itator Operating Frequencies

2523211917151311975

100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200

Oper

atin

g Fr

eque

ncy (

Hz)

Flow Rate (gpm)

4-3/4” Standard 4-3/4” (HF) 6-3/4” 8” 9-5/8”

3328231813

840 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140

Oper

atin

g Fr

eque

ncy (

Hz)

Flow Rate (gpm)

AG-itator Operating Frequencies

2-7/8” 3-1/4”, 3-3/8”, 3-3/4” 2-1/8”, 2-3/8” 2-7/8”, 3-1/8”, 3-3/8” (HF)

Frequency (Hz) = Flow rate (gpm) x Constant (see table)

AG-ITATOR

Specifications

Chemicals/Fluids known to cause elastomer swelling:• Diesel, Crude Oils, Ester based muds• Oil based muds should have an aromatic content <2%• Drilling fluids which are too acidic (pH<4) or too

alkaline (pH>11); fluids close to these boundaries can be used but circulation must be maintained to reduce damage to the elastomer.

It is important to properly flush with soapy solution and service the tools as soon as possible. A remedial action when running in the above situation would be adjusting the power section “fit”. This is done by utilising undersize rotors which allows the elastomer to swell, thus reducing stress on the elastomer. To be sure of elastomer compatibility and power section fit, Andergauge can conduct compatibility tests.Note: using an undersize rotor has the same effect as using an oversize stator.

7.2 Power Section Specifications and Guidelines

General Elastomer/Mud Compatibility Rules

Mud TypeElastomer Type

Nitrile HSN (145/OBM) HSNWBM Yes No Yes

OBM Yes <10% water content Yes

Synthetic OBM (SOBM) Yes <10% water

content Yes

Downhole Temperature (deg F)0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350El

asto

mer (

Stato

r) Ty

peNitrile

HSN

Standard HT XHT

Stator/Rotor Selection Guidelines

AG-itator Size Constant2-1/8”, 2-3/8” 0.225

2-7/8” 0.3752-7/8”, 3-1/8”, 3-3/8” (HF) 0.075

3-1/4”, 3-3/8”, 3-3/4” 0.2174-3/4” 0.075

4-3/4” (HF) 0.0676-3/4” 0.033

8” 0.0189-5/8” 0.013

AG-ITATOR

Specifications

Other factors to consider:• Elastomer Swelling

High temperatures will cause elastomer swelling. Undersize rotors must be fitted in a high temperature environment. See selection guideline graph for general rotor choice guidelines. Note that muds known to cause swelling (low aniline point), coupled to a high temperature, may require extra swelling allowance and/or a special elastomer.

• Aerated Fluids The AG-itator will have reduced efficiency in aerated fluids due to the compressible nature of gas. Care should also be taken when running the tool in low liquid content to reduce the wear of the power section and components. Lubrication should be added to reduce friction. This will extend life of all components. Lubricants should be thoroughly mixed with water and injected into the drilling medium at a rate of no less than 5% of the drilling medium volume.

Aerated drilling fluids can cause overspeeding of the power section which will increase temperature and could lead to premature failure. Ensure sufficient lubricant is added. Generally fluids with >75% liquid content should not cause a problem. Note: the AG-itator power section can not be slowed down by applying WOB as per a drilling motor, since it has no drive output (bit box). The motor may be controlled in such applications but separate consideration must be given to the AG-itator.

• Explosive Decompression Explosive decompression of the elastomer can be an issue in aerated fluids; ensure float equipment is installed in the string below the tool in such environments. When explosive decompression is known to be a problem do not run the tool again.

• Particulate Content As the particulate content increases, erosion becomes a problem with elastomers and other components. The particulates should be limited to 2%.

Rotor/Mud Compatibility RulesThe rotor coating material must be compatible with the fluid. Failure to ensure this could lead to rotor damage, in turn leading to stator elastomer damage. The standard rotor coating material is chrome. Environments known to be incompatible with chrome are:• Chloride content

When the drilling fluid contains a chloride concentration over 30,000 mg/l the tool must be properly flushed and serviced as soon as possible.

Do not run chrome plated rotors in chloride concentrations of >100,000 mg/l.

• Very low/high ph Do not run chrome plated rotors if the level is <4 pH or >11 pH.

For use in such environments uncoated stainless steel rotors or a tungsten carbide type coating is recommended.Best practice is to properly flush the tool regardless of mud type.

7.3 Dog Leg Severity (DLS)Please contact Andergauge for specific advice.

7.4 Shock Tool SelectionAndergauge will recommend a shock tool which has been carefully selected and assessed to ensure good performance. Not all shock tools are compatible with the AG-itator.

NotesAG-ITATOR

AG-ITATOR

Region/Area Locations

Aberdeen Andergauge Ltd Hareness Road Altens Industrial Estate Aberdeen, AB12 3LE Scotland Tel: +44 (0)1224 336 500 Fax: +44 (0)1224 336 505Sheffield Andergauge Ltd, Unit 2 Limestone Cottage Lane Sheffield S6 1SN, UK Tel: +44 (0)114 285 4551 Fax: +44 (0)114 285 4552Stavanger Andergauge Ltd Risavika Havnering 247 4056 Tananger Norway Tel: +47 51 94 28 80 Fax: +47 51 94 28 81 Postboks 145 4098 TanangerBergen Andergauge Ltd Kokstaddalen 26 5257 Kokstad, Norway Tel: +47 55 12 44 90 Fax: +47 55 12 57 05

Russia Andergauge Ltd. 1st floor #7/22 Derbenevskaya Embankment, Moscow, Russia 113114 Tel. +7 095 9814563 Fax +7 095 9814564Nigeria Andergauge Ltd c/o Africa Oilfield Services Ltd. Plot 272, Trans Amadi Industrial Layout Port Harcourt, Nigeria Tel: +234 84 238817 Fax: +234 84 238687Algeria Andergauge Ltd c/o Foraid Algerie Zone Industrielle Base Berep BP 609 Hassi Messaoud 30500 - W. Ouargla, Algeria Tel: +213 29 736 344 Fax: +213 29 736 627Congo Andergauge Ltd BP 1615, Pointe Noire Republique du Congo Tel: +242 940847 Fax: +242 943477

Houston Andergauge USA Inc 6807 Willowbrook Park Houston, TX 77066, USA Tel: + 1 281 320 2391 Fax: + 1 281 320 2394

EUROPE, CIS, AFRICA

NORTH AND SOUTH AMERICA

New Orleans Andergauge USA Inc. 2900 Energy Centre, Ste. 2905 1100 Poydras St., New Orleans LA 70163-2900, USA Tel: +1 504 585 7943/146 Fax: +1 504 585 7953

ANDERGAUGE

MIDDLE EAST AND ASIA PACIFICDubai Andergauge Ltd c/o Oilfield Supply Centre Ltd. Building No. 16A, PO Box 1518, Jebel Ali Freezone Dubai, U.A.E. Tel: +971 4 883 6382 Fax: +971 4 883 6384Abu Dhabi c/o Al Roumi General Trading PO BOX 45333 Abu Dhabi, U.A.E. Tel: +971 2 674 1822 Fax : +971 2 672 9771Egypt Andergauge Ltd c/o Egyptian Mud Engineering and Chemicals Co. 39 Farid Street Heliopolis, Cairo,Egypt Tel: +202 291 2122 Fax: +202 291 6298Perth Andergauge Ltd 2/24 Walters Drive Herdsman Business Park Western Australia WA 6017 Tel: +61 8 9242 8522 Fax: +61 8 9242 8533

Jakarta Andergauge Ltd c/o PT Inti Jatam Pura Aldevco Octagon Building 2nd Floor Jalan Warung Barat No 75 Jakarta, 12740 Indonesia Tel: +62 21 7989140 / 146 Fax: +62 21 7989 133Oman Andergauge Ltd c/o National Drilling and Services Co.LLC P.O. Box 1889 Seeb Airport CPO 111 Sultanate of Oman Tel/Fax: +968 693 967Kuala Lumpur Andergauge Ltd c/o Oiltools Services (M) Sdn Bhd Suite 5.03, 5th Floor Wisma Chase Perdana Off Jalan Semantan Damansara Heights 50490 Kuala Lumpur West Malaysia Tel: +60 3 2094 8566 Fax: +60 3 2093 0533

Calgary Andergauge Drilling Systems Suite 700 Bow Valley Square II 205 5th Avenue S.W., Calgary Alberta T2P 2V7, Canada Tel: +1 403 538 5476 Fax: +1 403 264-1262

Trinidad Andergauge Drilling Systems Trinidad, c/o Trinpet Services Ltd Albion Plaza, Victoria Avenue Port of Spain, Trinidad West Indies Tel: +1 868 624 3553 Fax: +1 868 627 0373

Rio De Janeiro Andergauge Brazil Rua da Quitanda 68/8º andar - Centro Rio de Janeiro CEP: 20011-030, Brazil Tel: +55 21 2531 7175 Fax: +55 21 9263 2568

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An Der Gauge Agitator