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Ancient Greece“Birth of Democracy”
GeographyBalkan Peninsula of Greece surrounded by Aegean, Mediterranean and Ionian Sea
Scattered arable land to farm divided by mountains
Small City states formed in these isolated areas
Early GovernmentsEmperor or King = Monarchy (early system)
Changed to more people with power or Aristocracy. This is an elite ruling class
or a small group that holds power, Oligarchy
Athens will develop a democratic government
SpartaDorians conquered Laconia, enslaving them Dorians < Laconians Rulers < Slaves
Sparta's brutal system of control would keep them on top
Life = From age 7 they began training
Lived in Barracks, coarse diet, hard exercise, Rigid Discipline
Encouraged to steal food, but if caught, would be beaten
"So seriously did Spartan children go about their stealing, that a boy, having stolen a young fox and hid it under his cloak, let it tear out his guts with its teeth and claws and died right there, rather than let it be seen."
Sparta cont.At 20 they would marry, but still live in the barracks till they were 30
at 30 they would become a member of the assembly and move in with their family
Women would train to produce a healthy son
women were able to own property and ran the home when men were off at war.
Sparta“Spartans are willing to die for their city, because they have no reason to live.”
AthensMany non-nobles wanted rights. As the amount of people who needed more rights grew, they moved towards a government of democracy
Outlawed debt slavery
granted citizenship to foreigners
gave more say to general assembly or government of the people
Athenian SocietyCitizenship was very restricted, 10,000s of slaves worked to keep society going and educated and wealthy advancing
women were seen as less then males and managed households
Boys who could afford to go to school, learned to read, write, music, poetry, rhetoric, citizenship, and military tactics.
Persian Wars500 BC, Persians demanded allegiance to Persia
Greeks refuse and Persia attacks
Marathon to Athens 26.2 miles
Xerxes, King of Persia, attacks @ Thermopoylae (300 Movie)
Persia attacked with boats, but was tricked and defeated by a smaller, faster force of Greeks
The victory would establish “alliance” or Delian League of Greek city-states