Annonymous_Karenni Folk Tales

usd.w>&RvDRvHmvJ>w>rRu%l>Drum Publication Group

u&ifeD±dk;&myHkjyifrsm;Karenni Folklore (Burmese Version)

Drum Publication GroupP.O Box 66Kanchanaburi 71000Thailand

[email protected]

November, 2009

ISBN 978-616-7225-08-1

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vdk%f*l.t0onf tdk;tzHk;r#avmufomusOf;ojzifh [email protected]‹twGuf

aiGzg;pnf}uD;aiGzg;pnf}uD;

11


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12


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zdk;'Gwfzdk;'Gwf

13


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14


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pJy,fpJy,f

15


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16


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ewforD;av;ewforD;av;±SL;aemfrdk±SL;aemfrdk

17


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18


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vlpGrf;aumif;oGyftdvlpGrf;aumif;oGyftd

19


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0g;ydk;0g;ydk;

20


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21


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25


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27


urBmOD;tputmumoav[mjyif}uD;twGif;Y rnfonfht&mr#r±Sdacs? avtrsdK;om;ESifhavtrsdK;orD;omv#if tmumo&ifjyiftwGif;Y ajcOD;rJh&m wdkufcwfae=uonf? wpfcguavtrsdK;orD;onf avtrsdK;om;aemufodk‹ vdkufIrrDay? avtrsdK;om;onf ol@aemufokd@jyefvSnfh=unfhaomtcg av trsdK;orD;tm;rawG@&? odk@jzifhavtrsdK;om;onf avtrsdK;orD;±Sd&mt&yfodk@jyefvnfwdkufcwfIavtrsdK;orD;tm; “rnfonfhta=umif;a=umifhoifu|Ekfyf aemufudk rvdkufEdkifoenf;” [kar;&m avtrsdK;orD;u “u|EkfyfonftrsdK;orD;jzpfonfhtwdkif; ,cku|EfkyfrSmudk,f0ef±Sdae+yD”[kjyefvnfajzqdkonf? odk@jzifhavtrsdK;om;onf avtrsdK;orD;udk wpfygwf+yD;wpfygwfywfI avtrsdK;orD;rS tvGef}uD;rm;aom ydk;O}uD;wpfvHk;arG;zGm;vmonftxdygwf.? xdkydk;O}uD;twGif;Y “ +ydKifolvlrl;” qdkaomzefqif;±Sif ewfbk&m;ray:xGufvm.?

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+ydKifolvlrl;onf ydk;O}uD;ay:xdkifum tmumo&ifjyifudka0S›0J=unfhvdkuf.? =u,fav;vHk;udk olrjrifawG@&onf? =u,frsm;.ta&mifrsm;rSmteD/ t0g/ tjzLESifheDjzLa&mifrsm;jzpf=u.? +ydKifolvlrl;onf olr.ydk;O}uD;twGif;odk@=unfh onfhtcg wdrfwdkufudkawG@&.? odk@jzifholronf yihful}uD;wpfaumifudkwdrfwdkuf ESifhtwlzefqif;I yifhultm; olr.uav;rsm;aexdkif&eftwGuf urBmajr}uD;wpfckudkwnfaqmuf&efcdkif;aponf? yifhulonf =u,fav;vHk;udk,if;.tr#ifESifhquf+yD; yifhultdrf}uD;}uD;wpfvHk;udk wnfaqmufvdkufonf? +ydKifolvlrl; onf yifhultdrf}uD;udk=unfhI olr.uav;rsm; touf±SifaexdkifIr&Edkifa=umif; awG@&.? odk@jzpfIolronf yifhultdrfudkjyefvdrfhIolr.ydk;OtwGif;odk@ypfxnfh vdkufonf? xdk@aemufolronf ydk;OtwGif;odk@wpfzefiHk@=unfh+yD; wdrfwdkufudktjyifodk@xGufvmcdkif;.? olronfwdrfwdkuftm; olr.uav;rsm;aexdkifzdk‹urBm ajr}uD;wnfaqmuf&efcdkif;ap.? odk@jzihfwdrfwdkufonf ydk;OtwGif;rSxGufvmI wpfygwf+yD;wpfygwfauG@ywfumaev#uff tmumo&ifjyifxJodk@ vdrfhcsI wpf ywf+yD;wpfywfywfaeav.? wdrfwdkufrsm;onf wpfywf+yD;wpfywfvSnfhywf &muae urBm}uD;pwifay:aygufvmcJhonf?

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aemufwpfzef+ydKifolvlrl;onf xl;'DiSuf (ajrrsufESmjyifay:wGif t+rJem;aom iSufao;ao;av;wpfrsdK;) udkzefqif;I urBmajr}uD;odk@ qif;vmcdkif;+yD;olr.uav;rsm;aexdkif&ef ajr.rsufESmjyifonf rnfr#rmausmonfudkoGm;a&muf prf;oyfcdkif;jyef.? xl;'DiSufonf urBmajr}uD;ay:odk@qif;vm+yD; ajrjyif.av; bufav;wHudk ckefaygufprf;oyf=unfhonf? +ydKifolvlrl;xHjyef a&mufvmonfh tcgxl;'DiSufu“oif.uav;rsm; urBmajr}uD;ay:rSm aexdkif&eftwGuf‚if;.rsufESmjyif[mcdkifrmygw,f” [kav#muf=um;.? +ydKifolvlrl;onf xdkiSufav;udkcsD;rGrf;+yD; olru “oifh&Jhtcsdefwpf0ufudk,lI u|EfkyfeJ@twlwlaexdkif+yD; 6 vomajrrsufESmjyifay:wGifaeap”[krSm=um;.? xdkae@rSpI xl;'DiSufav;onfajrjyifwGif 6 vr#omaexdkifIusef 6 vwGif+ydKifolvlrl;ESifhtwlwloGm; a&muf aexdkif.?

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wGufo,f,lvmay;onf? xdk@aemuf vlom;rsm;onf ewfatmfrl;.±kyft avmif;udkywfvnfpktHkvm=uonf? atmufarhzG,ftxdrf;trSwftjzpf vl om;wdk@u ewfatmfrl;.cE<mudk,fjzifh ewftdrfwpfvHk;wnfaqmufrnf[kqHk; jzwfoabmwlnD=uonf? olwdk@onf ewfatmfrl;.cE<mudk,fESifh rnfodk@ewftdrfaqmufvkyf=urnfenf;? olr.ajcaxmuft±dk;udkckwfjzwf+yD; ewftdrfrsm;.a'gufwdkif tjzpfpdkufxlonf? vufarmif;±dk;udk ckwfjzwfIa'gufwdkiftjzpfjyKvkyfonf? vuft±dk;udkckwfjzwfI xkyfwef;tjzpfjyKvkyf+yD; ewftdrf.a'gufwdkifrsm;ESifhqufvdkufonf? olwdk@onf olr.eH±dk;jzwfxkwfI tdrf=urf;jyiftjzpfjyKvkyfonf? olr.t&nfcGHudkjzwf,lI eH&HtjzpftoHk;jyK.? vlom;wdk‹onf olr.qHacsmif;rsm;udkjzwf,lI tdrfacgifrdk;tjzpf pojzifhjyKvkyfonf? ewfatmfrl;. cE<mudk,ftpdwftydkif;rsm;jzpfonfh t±dk;rsm;/ tom;rsm;/ ta& cGHrsm;/ aoG;rsm;udk ewftdrftjzpfaqmufvkyf=u+yD; olr.t±dk;wpfacsmif;/ t om;pwpfp/ odk@r[kwf aoG;wpfpufrSrcsefxm;cJhay? (xdk@a=umifh ,ae@txdu&ifeDtrsdK;om;wdk@onft±dk;/ tom;pESifhaoG;wpfpufrSrusefapyJ ewfatmf rl;.cE<mudk,fESifhaqmufvkyfaom ewftdrfudkoDcsif;zGJ‹I aumif;aumif;qdkwwf aom olrSomv#if jynfhpHkaomtqdkawmfwpfOD;tjzpfrSwf,l=uonf?)

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vnf;r+zdKcsEdkifacs? aemufqHk;wGif vlom;wdk@onf ewfbk&m;rtultnDryg v#if+zdKcsIr&Edkifa=umif; od±SdoGm;.? odk@jzifh ±SOfhudkwpfzefac:I ewfbk&m;rxH ausmufwHcg;}uD;+zdKcsypfzdk@ bk&m;r. tultnDvdka=umif; ,if;udkoGm;wufajymcdkif;.? ewfbk&m;ru rD;aoG;ESifhrD;ajymif;rsm;udk vlom;rsm;tm; ypfcsay; avonf? xdk‹aemuf vlom;wdk‹u rD;aoG;rD;zdk+yD; rD;ajymif;jzifhrD;r_wfvdkuf+yD; ausmufwHcg;}uD;onf tvGefylavmifvmum wpfppD+ydKuGJukef+yD; ausmufwHk; rsm;jzpfoGm;.? ausmufwHk;rsm;z,f±Sm;ypf&ef vlom;wdk@onf }uD;rm;aom owW0gwdk@udk tultnDawmif;=uonf? jrif;ESifhqifrsm;omv#if vmulnD=u .? a±S;tcguqifwGifOD;csdKjzLjzLESpfacsmif;±Sdonf? odk@aomf‚if;wdk@onfausmufwHk;ausmufp&pfcJuav;rsm;udk z,f±Sm;ypfonfhtcg ‚if;wdk@tpG,frsm;usdK;oGm; av.? qifwdk@onf ‚if;[email protected],fudk=unfhvdkufonf? ‚if;[email protected];csdKudk=unfh ItvGefESajrmvSojzifh ‚if;wdk@OD;csdKudk,if;wdk@yg;pyfxJodk‹iHkxnfhvdkuf&m ‚if;[email protected],frsm;jzpfoGm;.? jrif;rsm;.aiGOD;csdKonf ‚if;wdk@em;=um;wGif±Sdonf? ausmufwHk;rsm;z,f±Sif;ypfonfhtcgwGif ,if;[email protected];csdKusdK;oGm;onf? ,if;[email protected];csdKudk=unfh+yD; opfyifay:odk@ypfwifvdkufonfhtcg csufcsif;yifo&ufoD;rsm; jzpfoGm;.?

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aemufqHk;u|Jrav;onf “Al;oD;aph” wpfvHk;udkzGm;jrif.? xdka,mufsm;av;onfAl;oD;aphudk,lI ta±S›zuft&yfodk@xGufcGmoGm;onf? olonfAl;oD;aphudktvGefeufaom acsmufurf;yg;.tzsm;wGifoGm;}uJypfcJhonf? ae@&ufrsm;wa±G@a±G@jzwfausmfoGm;ovdk Al;yifxGufvmIwjznf;jznf;}uD;jyif;vm+yD;tudkif; tcufrsm;xGufvm.? Al;yifwGif t!Gef‹av;!Gef‹±Sdonf? yxr wpf!Gef‹onf ajrmufzuft&yfodk@wGm;oGm;onf/ 'kwd,wpf!Gef‹onftaemufzuft&yfodk@ wGm;oGm;onf/ wwd,tyifonf awmifzuft&yfqDodk@wGm;oGm;+yD; aemufqHk;wpfyifonf ta±S›zuft&yfodk@wGm;oGm;onf? aemufqHk;wGif Al;yif.tyGifhrsm;zl;yGifhvmonf? Al;yifrsm;. tyGifhrsm;yGifhvm+yD; Al;oD;av;rsm;xGufvm onf? ysm;ydwkef;ESifhvdyfjymtrsdK;aygif;pHka&mufvmum yef;0wf&nfrsm;udkpkwf,l=uonf? odk@aomfEGm;acs;ydk;wdk@u yef;0wf&nfudkpkwf,lIr&ay? ,if;wdk‹onf ysm;ESifhvdyfjymwdk@udk remvdkIewfom;rsm;xHoGm;+yD; Al;yifonfvlom;rSarG;zGm;vmonf[kajym.? ,if;wdk@u Al;oD;rsm;xJwGif vlom;rsm;±Sd+yD;toD; rsm;urBmay:wGif}uD;jyif;vmv#if vlom;rsm;om±Sd+yD; wd&p>mefwdk@aexdkif&eftwGufae&mr±Sdawmhyg[kajymqdkt}uHay;.? ewfom;wdk@onf EGm;acs;ydk;udk,Hk =unf=uojzifh [email protected];udk ork'N&m.atmufajcodk@ ypfcsvdkuf onf? [email protected];onf vdkw&AHkudkapmifhaom ig;}uD;udkxdrdojzifh ig;onf±kef;&if;qefcwfjyKojzifhajrivsif}uD;}uD;v_yfcwfouJhodk‹ wkef[nf;oGm;onf?acsmufeuf}uD;xJrS}uD;xGm;vmaom Al;oD;rSty tjcm;toD;ao;ao;av; rsm;rSm tukefvHk;ykyfodk;ysufpD;oGm;onf? xdkAl;oD;onf wpfjznf;jznf;}uD; onfxuf}uD;vm+yD; acsmufurf;yg;wpfckvHk;udkv$rf;rdk;oGm;onf? xdktoD;rSnfh vmaomtcg tyifaooGm;+yD; aeylxJwGifAl;oD;ajcmufoGm;onf?

vlom;rsm;uAl;oD;ajcmufab;wGif jzwfoGm;jzwfvmonfhtcsdeff “u|Efkyfwdk‹udkzGifhay;yg/ u|Efkyfwdk@udkzGifhay;yg”[kAl;oD;rSvmaomtoHudkvlom;wdk@=um;&

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onf? odk@jzifhvlom;wdk@onf ykqdefrsm;,lvmum pka0;IAl;oD;udkckwfzGifh=u onf? Al;oD;udkzGifhzdk@ ckESpf&uf=umaomfvnf; aemufqHk;Al;oD;yGifhvm+yD; txJu±Sdaomvlom;rsm;tjyifodk@ xGufvmEdkifonf? Al;tcGHv$mESifheD;aom vlom;wdk‹onftom;rJ=uonf? tv,fxyfv$mwGifaeaomvlom;wdk@onftom;0g=uonf? tvnfA[dkwnfhwnfhtv$mwGifaeaom vlom;wdk@onf tom;jzL=uonf? Al;oD;udkcGJonfhtcgwGif Al;oD;txJrS vlom;wdk@onf ykqdefESifhAl;oD;cGHtydkif;tprsm;a=umifh 'g%f&m&=uonf? vlom;wpfcsdK@onf ajcaxmufodk@r[kwf vuf odk@r[kwf cE<mudk,f odk@r[kwf yg;pyf odk@r[kwf rsufvHk;wGif'g%f&m&=uojzifh ,ae@txd u&ifeDvlrsdK;wdk@,Hk=unf=uonfrSm c|wf,Gif;csufygarG;zGm;vmaomol (Oyrm-ajc/ vuf/ em;/ trSwftom;/ yg;pyf/ rsufpdrjrifaom c|wf,Gif;csuf±Sdolpojzifh) wdk@onf Al;oD;rSqif;oufvmaomvlom;rsm;jzpfonf[k,lq=uonf?

Al;oD;rSxGufvmaomvlom;wdk@onf ,cif±Sd+yD;om;vlom;wdk@ESifh twlwlaexdkif=uonf? xdk@aemuf tom;ta&mifwlaom vlom;tcsif;csif; twlwuGyl;aygif;aexdkif=uonf? tom;rJaomvlom;wdk@onf taemufawmift&yf odk@/ tom;jzLaomvlom;wkd@onf ta±S›ajrmuft&yfodk@oGm;+yD; tom;0g aomolwdk@onf ta±S›t&yfbufodk@ toD;oD;xGufoGm;=uonf? odk@aomfwcsdK@vlom;rsm;onf urBmajr}uD;rS usef±Sdaeaomvlom;wdk@ESifhtwlwlurBmajr }uD;.tv,fydkif;t&yfa'owGif aexdkifusef&pfcJh=uonf? ,ae@wGiftom;t a&mifoHk;rsdK;±Sdonf? xdktom;ta&mifrsm;rSm tjzLa&mif/ trJa&mifESifht0g a&mifrsm;jzpf=uonf? xdktom;oHk;a&mifrsm;rSty tom;ta&uGJjym;aomol wdk@onf tpueOD;u ay:ayguf+yD;aomvlom;ESifh Al;oD;rSqif;oufvmaom vlom;wdk@rSa&maESmIarG;zGm;vmaomolrsm;jzpfonf[ktqdk±Sdonf?

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pwkwˆtqifh – vlrsdK;pkrsm;.zcifpwkwˆtqifh – vlrsdK;pkrsm;.zcif

urBmajr}uD;.tv,fa'o±Sd±Gmwpf±GmwGif om;oHk;a,muf±Sdaomrdom;pkwpfpkaexdkif=uonf? om;t}uD;onf tom;0gIqHyifta&mifrJ+yD; rsufvHk;ta&mifrSmvnf;rJonf? ol.emrnfrSm a[;y,f[kac:onf? om;tvwfrSmtom;jzL+yD; qHyifrSm rD;cdk;a&mifESifhrsufvHk;ta&mifjymonf? ol.trnfrSm cl vm;y,fjzpfonf? ti,fqHk;om;onf tom;eD+yD; qHyifta&mifrJum rsufvHk;ta&mifrJonf? ol.trnfrSm u,m;vD;y,f[kac:onf? xdknDtpfudkoHk;OD;onf vlrsdK;rsm;.zcifjzpfEdkifacs±Sdonf[k ewfbk&m;uodonf?

ewfbk&m;onf tzdk;tdkwpfOD;odk@toGifajymif;+yD; xdknDtpfudkoHk;a,mufqDodk@qif;vmonf? odk@jzifh om;wpfa,mufpDudk pmtkyfwpftkyfpDay;.? om;t }uD;qHk;a[;y,fudk a=u;eDyk*Hay:wGifa&;om;xm;aom Asnf;tuQ&mudkay;.? om;tvwfclvm;y,fudk om;a&ay:wGifa&;xm;aom Asnf;tuQ&mudkay;.?

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xdktcsdef nDti,fqHk;u,m;vD;y,fonf tdrfwGifr±Sdacs? olonfawmif,mxJwGifoGm;Itvkyfvkyfaeonf? ewfbk&m;onf awmif,modk@oGm;+yD;u,m;vD;y,fudka±$yk*Hay:wGifa&;om;xm;aom Asnf;tuQ&mudkay;.? nDti,fqHk; onfyk*Hudk,l+yD; opfyif.yifpnfay:wGifxdkifae.? xdk@aemuf ewfbk&m;uol@udkprf;acsmif;.wpfzufurf;odk@ oGm;ul;ydk@cdkif;.? odk@aomf u,m;vD;y,futvkyfr+yD;jywfao;ojzifh wpfc%apmifh&onf? xdktcsdeftpfudkvwfclvm;y,f a&mufvm+yD; ewfbk&m;udkacsmif;.wpfzufurf;odk@oGm;ykd@ay;rnf[k uwday; .? xdkodk@vkyfaqmifojzifh ewfbk&m;uol@udkaumif;csD;ay;.? tzdk;tdkonf±kwf w&ufaetvif;a&mifuJhodk‹vif;vufoGm;+yD;ewfbk&m;tjzpfodk‹jyefIul;ajymif;oGm;.?

tpfudkvwfonf ol.nDti,fqHk;±Sd&mae&modk@ vSnfhjyefvmcJh+yD;ewfbk&m;u ol@nDudkay;xm;cJhaom a±$yk*Hay:wGifa&;om;onfh Asnf;tuQ&mrsm;udkawG‹ oGm;ojzifh tpfudkvwfunDi,f.a±$yef;uefudk ,if;.om;a&jym;ESifh vJcsifonf [kajymaomtcg nDi,fuvJrnf[koabmwlnD.? clvm;y,f onfa±$ yef;uefudk,l+yD; om;a&jym;udkrnfonfhae&mwGifcs&rnf[k ol@nDtm;ar;.? u,m;vD;y,fuopfyif.yifpnfay:wGifcsefxm;cJhyg[kqdk.? xdk@aemuftpfudkjzpfolonf om;a&jym;udkopfyif.yifpnfay:wGif csefay;xm;cJh+yD;xGufcGmoGm;onf?

ae0ifaomtcsdefwGif u,m;vD;y,fonf awmif,mxJwGiftvkyfvkyf+yD;aemuf om;a&jym;ay:wGif a&;om;xm;aomAsnf;tuQ&mudk oGm;=unfhaomtcgacG;onfom;a&jym;udk,l+yD; pm;aeonfudk wkefv_yfacsmufcsm;pGmjzifhawG@&onf? acG;uom;a&jym;pm;+yD; rpifpGef@aomtcg =uufuav;/ =uufzESifh=uufrwpf zGJ@onfacG;acs;udkoGm;pm;.? u,m;vD;y,fonf =uufuav;udktjrefzrf;csKyf +yD;owfum t±dk;udkz,fypf+yD; =uufxJwGifbk&m;ocif.pum;vHk;rsm;usef±Sdaeao;ovm;odcsif.? =uuf±dk;xJrS ewfbk&m;.pum;vHk;*gxmrsm; usef±Sdae

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nDtpfudkoHk;OD;.trsdK;tEG,frsm;onf urBmajr}uD;. tv,fydkif;t&yfa'owGif twlwuGESpfaygif;rsm;pGmaexdkifvmcJh=uonf? xdk@aemuf vlOD;a&wdk;yGm;vmojzifh tpfudkt}uD;qHk;jzpfol a[;y,f.tquftEG,fonf awmift&yf odk@a±$@ajymif;oGm;onf? clvm;y,f.trsdK;tEG,fonf taemuft&yfodk@a±$‹ ajymif;aexdkif+yD; u,m;vD;y,f.trsdK;tEG,fonf tv,fydkif;a'owGifESpf&m aygif;rsm;pGmaexdkifusef&pfcJhonf? tv,fydkif;a'owGif &moDOwkpwifajcmuf aoG@vm+yD; wpfjznf;jznf;oJuE W&tjzpfodk@a&muf±SdoGm;onf? u,m;vDy,ftrsdK;tEG,fu ‚if;udkxD;±SD;wmrmwm±l (oef@±Sif;aoma&ESifhoJpD;qif;onfhae&m) [kac:=uonf? &moDOwkyljyif;ajcmufaoG@vmaoma=umifh vlom;rsm; onf pyg;rpdkufysdK;Edkifawmhay? xdk@a=umifh u,m;vDy,ftrsdK;tEG,fwpfcsdK@ESifh xdkae&mwpf0dkufwGif aexdkif=uaomvlom;wdk@onf awmift&yfodk@ c&D;xGufvmcJh=uonf?

wpfcdsK@vlom;rsm;onfaemufwGifae&pfcJh=uonf? awmift&yfodk@vm=uaomvlom;rsm; xdkae&modk@a&mufvmonfhtcg wdkif;jynfrsm;xlaxmif=uonf? odk@aomfa[;y,ftrsdK;tEG,fwdk@u xdkwdkif;jynfrsm;udkwdkufcdkufzsufpD;ypfvdkuf onf? xdk@a=umifh u,m;vD;y,ftrsdK;tEG,fwdk@onfydkIa0;aomawmift&yfwpfae&modk@ ajymif;a±$@aexdkif+yD; wdkif;jynftjcm;wpfjynfudk xlaxmifvdkuf onf? xdkwdkif;jynfudkvnf; a[;y,ftrsdK;tEG,fwdk@u wdkufcdkufzsufqD;ypf vdkufonf? xdk@aemuf olwdk@onf ydkIa0;aomawmift&yfwpfae&modk@a±$‹ajymif;aexdkif+yD; aemufqHk;wdkif;jynfwpfjynfudk xlaxmifvdkufonf? odk@aomf

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vnf; aemufqHk;wGiftjcm;vlrsdK;rsm;u xdkwdkif;jynfudk wdkufcdkufzsufqD;ypfvdkuf jyefonf?

a[;y,fESifhu,m;vD;y,ftrsdK;tEG,fwdk@onf ydkIa0;aomawmift&yfa'o odk@a±$@ajymif;aexdkif=uonf? ,if;wdk‹udk bdk;ab;rsm;.trnf,lxm;aomnDtpfudkESpfOD;rSOD;aqmifcJhonf? ,if;wdk@onf rkwWryifv,fauG@ (,ck&efukef+rdK@ta±S›awmifydkif;) odk@a&muf±Sdvmonf? oHvGifjrpfudk jzwful;+yD;onfhaemuf ,if;wdk@onfyifv,furf;ajcwpfav#mufvdkufoGm;=uonf? u,m;vD;y,ft rsdK;tEG,fwdk@onf ykZGefxkyf}uD;rsm;udk trsm;tjym;zrf;rd.? olwdk@onfc&D; oGm;&if;ykZGefxkyfudk jyKwf+yD;pm;aomuf=uonf? ,if;wdk@onf ykZGefxkyfudkjyKwfonfhtcg ykZGefxkyf.ta&mifonf teDa&mifjzpfoGm;onf? ,if;wdk@uykZGefxkyfxJwGif aoG;rsm;±Sdaeao;onf[kxifI ykZGefxkyfudkjyKwf+yD; &ufaygif; rsm;pGmapmifh=unfhae=uonf?

a[;y,ftrsdK;tEG,fwdk@onf qufvufajymif;a±$@csif=uojzifh a[;y,fonf ol.nDti,fu,m;vD;y,fudkac:I ,if;wdk@qufvufI c&D;xGufcsifonf [kajymjy.? a[;y,fu nDi,fu,m;vD;y,fESifhol@vlrsm;u ,if;wdk@ajc&m aumuf+yD; vdkufvmEdkif&eftwGuf vrf;wpfav#mufwGif opfyifrsm;ESifhtyifrsm;udkckwfvJypfcJhrnf[kajym.? Todk‹rSm=um;cJh+yD;aemuftpfudkjzpfoluqufvufxGufcGmvmcJhonf? olwdk@onf c&D;oGm;&if;vrf;wGif iSufaysmyifrsm;ESifh "edyifrsm;udkckwfvJypfonf? xdktyifrsm;udk reufapmapmwGifom ckwfvSJEdkif+yD;v#if naewGifrl xdktyifrsm;jyefaxmifvmonf?

u,m;vD;y,fESifhaemufvdkufrsm;onf aemufqHk;wGifykZGefxkyfrsm;usuf+yD;pm;I&a=umif;odoGm;ojzifh olwdk@onf ykZGefxkyfrsm;udkpm;ypfvdkufonf? olwdk@onftpm;pm;aomuf=u+yD;aemuf u,m;vD;y,fESifhaemufvdkufaemufom;rsm;onf tpfudkjzpfol.aemufwGif pvdkufvmawmhonf? vrf;wGiftpfudk

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ESifhtpfudk.aemufvdkufaemufom;rsm; ckwfvJoGm;aom opfyifrsm;ESifh"edyif rsm;udkawG@&onf? tyifrsm;onf}uD;jyif;vm+yD; t±Gufrsm;xGufvmonf? nDi,fjzpfolESifh aemufvdkufaemufygrsm;u tpfudkjzpfolESifhaemufvdkufaemuf om;rsm;onf awmift&yfwGif =umjrifhpGma&mufoGm;ESifh+yD[k awG;xifrd=u onf? odk@jzifholwdk@aemufudk trSDvdkuf&eftwGuf tvGefcufcJrnfjzpfonf? ,if;wdk@onf aemufodk@jyefvSnfhvm+yD; ajrmuft&yfodk@c&D;oGm;zdk@qHk;jzwfvdkuf=uonf? (,ae@u&ifeDtrsdK;om;wdk@u [email protected];wcsdK@onf awmift&yfa'owpfae&m&mwGif aexdkif=uonf[k,Hk=unfxm;onf)?

u,m;vD;y,fESifh aemufvdkufaemufygrsm;onf oHvGifjrpfudkjzwfausmf+yD; ajrmuft&yfodk@xGufcGmvmcJhonf? ajrmuft&yfwGif±Sdaom avmvD;vl[kac: onfhae&modk@ a&mufoGm;=uonf? avmvD;vlae&mwGif ausmufwHk;}uD;}uD; wpfvHk;onf tjcm;ausmufwHk;wpfvHk;.tay:wGif±Sdaeonf? (aemiftcgrGeftrsdK;om;rsm;a&mufvm=u+yD; xdkausmufwHk;}uD;.xdyfwGif bk&m;wpfqlwnfvdkufonf? aemifwGif ‚if;.ae&monf usdKufxD;±dk;[ktrnfwGifvmonf?) u,m;vD;y,fESifhol@vlrsm;onf xdkae&mwGif ESpfaygif;rsm;pGmaexdkifvmcJh=uonf? odk@aomf xdkae&mwGifrdk;rsm;ojzifh awmif,mrsm;ysufpD;ukefonf? u,m;vD;y,fonf ajrmuft&yfzufodk@ a±$@ajymif;csifojzifh ol.aemufvdkufygrsm;udkpka0;ac:+yD; ajrmuft&yfodk@ c&D;xGufvmcJhonf? xdkolawGudk u,m;vD;zl;(vleD)[ktrsm;uodvm=uonf? olwdk@onfajrmuft&yfjzpfaom'Darm qdkawmif±Sd&modk@ a±$@ajymif;oGm;onf? xdkae&mudk0dOmOfESifhewfwdk@u pdk;rdk;tkyfcsKyfonf? xdkae&mwGif olwdk@wdkif;jynfudkxlaxmif+yD; 'Darmqdkudkif ('Darmqdk wdkif;jynf) [kac:qdkonf? aemufydkif;jrefrmvlrsdK;rsm;0ifa&mufvm=uaomtcgolwdk@uxdkwdkif;jynfudkaiGawmif}uD;[kac:qdkonf? xdk@aemuf 'Darmqdk;bk&if.trsdK;tEG,fonf vlwpf0ufewfwpf0ufjzpfoGm;onf? xdkbk&ifonf orD;ckESpfazmf±Sd+yD; xkdorD;ckESpfazmfonfysHoef;oGm;Edkifonf? 'DarmqdkwGif±Sdaomu,m;vD;zl;wdk@u olwdk@udkunm;armf (ewforD;wpf0ufvlwpf0uf) [kac:qdk

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onf? ArmvlrsdK;wdk@u xdkolwdk@udk a'G;r,fawmf[kac:qdkonf? aemifwjznf; jznf;wGif u,m;vD;zl;wdk‹u Twdkif;jynfudk unm;armfudkif'Darmqdk;[kac:=u+yD; jrefrmvlrsdK;wdk‹u a'G;r,fawmf.aiGawmifjynf[kac:=uonf?

xdk‹twl tcsdef=umvmonfESifhtr#u,m;vDzl;qdkonfhtrnfudkvnf;u,m;[kom twdkaumufac:vm=uonf? omompum;rsdK;pHktay:rlwnfIu,m; vD;zl;udkemrnftrsdK;rsdK;ay;Iac:qfdk=uonf? ArmtrsdK;om;rsm; 0ifa&mufvm=uaomtcg u,m;vD;zl;wdk@tm; udk,fhudk,fudk,frnfodk@ac:qdkonf[kar; aomtcg olwdk@uolwdk@udk,folwdk@u,m;vD;zl; (vleD) vdk@ac:qdkonf[kajzqdk.? xdk@a=umifh ArmvlrsdK;wdk@u olwdk@udku&ifeD[kac:qdkonf? ±Srf;trsdK;om;wdk@u olwdk@udk ,rf;vrf (u&ifeD) [kac:qdk+yD; t*Fvdyfbmomjzifh u&ifeD (Karenni) [kac:qdkonf? ,ae@u,m;vD;zl;.wdkif;jynfonf “u&ifeDjynfe,f” [ktrnfwGifvmcJhonf?

rSDjirf;udk;um;xm;aompmtkyfrsm;rSDjirf;udk;um;xm;aompmtkyfrsm;

- The Mythology of the Karenni People-Stage one to Fouth, Karenni Literature Department

- wdkif;&if;om;,Ofaus;r_±dk;&m"avhxHk;pHrsm;-1967 ckESpf

Documents

Annonymous_Karenni Folk Tales