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Annotated Bibliography Primary Sources Articles & Reports Picturing the Presidency: President Reagan and the Cold War . Simi Valley: The Ronald Reagan Presidential Library & Museum: Education Department, n.d. PDF. In email communication with Myra Cohen, Educational Director, I received information regarding President Reagan’s foreign policy during the Cold War. I was able to use this information to further my understanding of his foreign policy and quote it on the Cold War, Worldwide Freedom and Reagan’s Views on Communism pages. Books Matlock, Jack F. Reagan and Gorbachev: How the Cold War Ended. New York: Random House, 2004. Print. This book was able to provide me with incite about the roles of Reagan and Gorbachev in ending the Cold War. I used a quote from this book on my End of the Cold War page to make the point that even though the Cold War ended after Reagan left office, It was basically over before he left. The end of the Cold War is often mentioned as Reagan’s greatest legacy. This book is written by Jack Matlock who was an American Ambassador during Reagan’s presidency. 1

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Annotated Bibliography

Primary Sources

Articles & Reports

Picturing the Presidency: President Reagan and the Cold War. Simi Valley: The Ronald Reagan

Presidential Library & Museum: Education Department, n.d. PDF.

In email communication with Myra Cohen, Educational Director, I received information

regarding President Reagan’s foreign policy during the Cold War. I was able to use this

information to further my understanding of his foreign policy and quote it on the Cold

War, Worldwide Freedom and Reagan’s Views on Communism pages.

Books

Matlock, Jack F. Reagan and Gorbachev: How the Cold War Ended. New York: Random House,

2004. Print.

This book was able to provide me with incite about the roles of Reagan and Gorbachev in

ending the Cold War. I used a quote from this book on my End of the Cold War page to

make the point that even though the Cold War ended after Reagan left office, It was

basically over before he left. The end of the Cold War is often mentioned as Reagan’s

greatest legacy. This book is written by Jack Matlock who was an American

Ambassador during Reagan’s presidency.

Reagan, Michael, and Jim Denney. The New Reagan Revolution: How Ronald Reagan's

Principles Can Restore America's Greatness. New York: Thomas Dunne /St. Martin's,

2011. Print.

After interviewing Michael Reagan I became more interested in hearing more from him

so my mom purchased this book. I was able to obtain even more information about

Ronald Reagan, his history and his views from this book from Michael Reagan’s

firsthand account of events. I used some additional quotes from Michael Reagan from

this source. I felt it was important to use a quote of the phrase “Great Communicator” on

the Legacy section as this was one of his nicknames.   

1

Reagan, Ronald. An American Life. Simon & Schuster Hardcover ed. New York: Simon &

Schuster, 2011.

This is the autobiography of Ronald Reagan. It is his personal story about his life which

gives a firsthand account. I used a quote from this book to illustrate his Reagan Doctrine

policy.

Reagan, Ronald. Speaking My Mind: Selected Speeches. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1989.

Print.

This is a book of selected speeches from Ronald Reagan. There is also comments from

Reagan regarding the various speeches. This helped me to see his personal thoughts and

beliefs in regards to the speeches.

Reagan, Ronald, and Douglas Brinkley. The Reagan Diaries. New York: HarperCollins, 2007.

Print.

Ronald Reagan kept a diary throughout his presidency. This is a book of his diary

entries. I used this book to look up his thoughts regarding key events I was researching.

I found it interesting to read his personal thoughts during these critical events.

Reagan, Ronald, Kiron K. Skinner, Annelise Graebner Anderson, and Martin Anderson.

"Foreign Policy." Reagan, in His Own Hand. New York: Free, 2001. 21- 66. Print.

This section shows that even before his presidency, Reagan was developing his own

beliefs on how foreign policy should be. He was against communism and believed we

needed a strong military. I didn’t used quotes from this section, but I used ideas.

Shultz, George Pratt. Turmoil and Triumph: My Years as Secretary of State. New York:

Scribner's, 1993. Print.

Prior to my interview with George Shultz I was able to obtain his book from the public

library. I was able to use this book to prepare for my interview and to obtain additional

information about Ronald Reagan’s foreign policy and the events during his presidency.

Mr. Shultz gives a firsthand account of events during the Reagan presidency as well as

insight regarding his leadership and legacy.

Zubok, V. M. A Failed Empire: The Soviet Union in the Cold War from Stalin to Gorbachev.

Chapel Hill: U of North Carolina, 2007. Print.

2

I found a great quote in this book to use on the Military Strength page. It is a quote from

Mikhail Gorbachev admitting that the arms race did have an effect on the Soviets because

they were unable to keep up.

Documents

“Records of the Geneva Summit Meetings” Declassified document at the Ronald Reagan

Presidential Library. 10 Apr. 2015.

While visiting the Reagan Presidential Library the second time I was able to view copies

of some of the documents. I looked over the meetings at the Geneva Summit. I found an

interesting quote that I felt portrayed the importance of the Geneva talks which I used on

the Geneva Summit page.

“Tear Down This Wall” Document. Image. Web. 9 Nov. 2014.

http://www.archives.gov/publications/prologue/2007/summer/berlin.html

This is an image of a page from President Reagan’s famous speech at the Berlin Wall in

1987 obtained from the US National Archives. I found this to be an interesting artifact

from the actual Berlin Wall speech by Reagan.

“The Moscow Summit”: Memo from George Shultz to President Reagan . Image. Web. 15 Feb.

2015. http://www.thereaganfiles.com/19880500-shultz-to-reagan.pdf

I embedded this memo from George Shultz to President Reagan regarding the Moscow

Summit. It speaks of the fact that the Moscow visit was the first presidential visit to

Moscow in 14 years and provided suggestions for talking points for the summit. I found

this an interesting example of an official government document associated with the

summits.

Interviews

Churchill, Ward.  Skype interview.  20 Feb 2015.

Mr. Churchill agreed to do a skype interview. He provided a criticism of Reagan and his

policies. It was obvious that he was not fond of Reagan or his policies and believed his

legacy was a legacy of destruction and problems.

Glass, Tony. Email interview. 19 Feb. 2015.

3

Mr. Glass is the curator and archivist at the Eureka College Reagan Museum. He

answered questions regarding Reagan’s leadership, the Leadership Letters and Reagan’s

legacy. I was able to use several quotes from Mr. Glass that related to my project.

McCollum, Bill. Phone interview. 20 Feb. 2015

This interview was conducted by phone. Mr. McCollum is on the board of directors of

the American Security Council Foundation. He talked about the Peace through Strength

policy, Reagan’s impact/legacy and comparison of today’s policies.

Massie, Suzanne. Phone interview. 19 Feb. 2015.

This interview was conducted by phone. Ms. Massie consulted with Reagan during his

presidency regarding Russia/Russians. She told some interesting stories about advice she

had given to President Reagan and how he used this to improve the negotiations and

relations.

McFarlane, Robert. Phone interview. 9 Apr. 2015.

This interview was conducted by phone. Mr. McFarlane was a National Security Adviser

for President Reagan. He was the leading architect for SDI. He gave me great

information on the history of how and why SDI was created and the importance of

Reagan’s legacy today.

Morris, Edmund. Phone interview 23 Jan 2015.

This interview was conducted by phone. Mr. Morris wrote a biography of Ronald

Reagan. He shared some great information about the time he spent with Reagan during

his presidency and gave some amazing insight to his leadership and legacy.

Reagan, Michael. Phone phone interview. 13 Nov. 2014.

I conducted a phone interview with Michael Reagan. He told some great stories about his

father and gave his personal viewpoint regarding Reagan’s leadership and legacy. This

was my favorite interview because of his personal stories.

Shultz, George. Phone interview. 4 Dec. 2014.

George Shultz was Ronald Reagan’s Secretary of State for most of his presidency. I

spoke with Mr. Shultz on the phone and was able to ask him several questions about

Reagan’s leadership and legacy. He gave me firsthand accounts of key events and his

personal take on Ronald Reagan.

Smith, Donald. Phone interview. 26 Feb. 2015.

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General Donald Smith is the ASCF Chairman. He served in the military for many years.

He was able to give me insight on how Reagan’s policies affected changes in the military

compared to previous presidents. He also shared additional information about the peace

through strength doctrine.

Photographs

A Time for Choosing. Photograph. Web. 21 Sept. 2014. http://ulstermanbooks.com/time-

choosing-video-message/

This photograph and quote were used from Reagan’s famous A Time For Choosing

Speech. I used it on my Reagan’s views on communism page.

B-1 Bomber. Photograph. Web. 15 Feb. 2015. < http://www.aviationspectator.com/more-

aviation-photos?page=4>

This is a photo of a B-1 bomber. I used this photo next to a quote that discusses the

buildup of the B-1 bomber program by Reagan and previous presidents had nearly

eliminated the program.

Bay Area supportniks demonstrate in the 1980s support of Soviet Jews. photo/courtesy of eva

seligman-kennard Photograph. Web. 21 Feb. 2015

http://www.jweekly.com/article/full/40357/refuseniks-to-look-back-and-ahead-at-palo-

alto-jcc/

This is a photograph depicting demonstrators for the freedom of the Soviet

Jews/Refuseniks. I used this to illustrate the quote given by Michael Reagan about the

Refuseniks.

Bill McCollum. Photograph. Web. 20 Feb. 2015.

http://www.palmbeachpost.com/news/news/state-regional/rider-tacked-on-life-insurance-

bill-to-give-mccoll/nL6BS/

This is a photograph I used of Bill McCollum, member of the ASCF board, on my

interview page.

Collapse of the U.S.S.R. Photograph. Web. 11 Apr. 2015.

http://nsarchive.gwu.edu/NSAEBB/NSAEBB293/wall%20coming%20down.jpg

This is a photograph of the Berlin Wall coming down. The fall of the wall is a symbol of

the collapse of the U.S.S.R. In this photo you can see the stark differences between

5

communist and democratic sides of Germany. I used this photo to identify the link on the

Impact page to the Collapse of the U.S.S.R. page.

Credit desk plaque. Photograph. Web. 10 Jan. 2015.

<http://jjusa.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/6842321689_469c92d517_z.jpg>

This is a photograph of a famous plaque Ronald Reagan had on his desk. Michael

Reagan made a reference to this quote during my interview with him. It demonstrates

Reagan’s modesty when it came to taking credit.

Fall of the Berlin Wall Photograph. Ronald Reagan, Intelligence, and the End of the Cold War:

Ronald Reagan Presidential Library, Simi Valley, California, November 2,

2011. Washington, D.C.: Central Intelligence Agency, Historical Collections, 2011. Print.

This is a photograph showing a man “tearing” down the Berlin Wall. The fall became a

symbol of the end of the Cold War. This photo shows the German people directly

involved in tearing down the wall. I used this source for a number of images for my

website, and I have chosen to cite each image because each image is being used on

different sections of my site, and I feel that they are independent of each other.  My

annotations for each image will explain how the image was ultimately used.

General Electric Progress. Photograph. Web. 10 Oct. 2014.

<https://lvgaldieri.wordpress.com/2014/08/11/a-fourth-note-on-the-first-ceo-the-postwar-

provenance/>

This is a photo of Ronald Reagan during his days as a spokesman for General Electric as

he worked for their public relations. Many believe it was during this time that he

converted to conservatist viewpoint.

George C. Marshall. Photograph. Web. 10 Oct. 2014.

http://www.enterprisecioforum.com/en/bolgs/jdobbs/leadership-lessons-gen-george-c-

marshall

This is a photograph of George C. Marshall which I used next to a quote from him

regarding the Cold War.  

George Shultz and Ronald Reagan. Photograph. Ronald Reagan, Intelligence, and the End of the

Cold War: Ronald Reagan Presidential Library, Simi Valley, California, November 2,

2011. Washington, D.C.: Central Intelligence Agency, Historical Collections, 2011. Print.

6

This is a photograph of Ronald Reagan walking and talking with his secretary of state,

George Shultz. I used this photograph from a book I purchased that had an attached

DVD with many photographs. This image was used next to a quote about the fact that

Reagan and Shultz did not agree with the policy of détente.

INF Treaty. Photograph. Personal Photograph at the Ronald Reagan Presidential Library. 10

Apr. 2015.

This is a personal photograph taken at the Reagan Library of the official INF treaty

currently on display there. I was able to view this when I went to the Reagan Library the

second time.

INF Treaty Signing. Photograph. Ronald Reagan, Intelligence, and the End of the Cold War:

Ronald Reagan Presidential Library, Simi Valley, California, November 2,

2011. Washington, D.C.: Central Intelligence Agency, Historical Collections, 2011. Print.

This is a photograph of Reagan and Gorbachev signing the INF – arms reduction

agreement. I felt this was a very important to include a photograph of this significant

event in negotiations with the Soviets.

Iron Dome. Photograph. Web. 14 Feb. 2015.

<

http://www.thestar.com/news/world/2014/07/10/israels_iron_dome_antirocket_system_c

hanging_face_of_battle.html>

This is a photograph to depict the Iron Dome technology. In both interviews and research

I found that the Iron Dome is an example of the impact the SDI technology had on the

world. This is an important part of the Israel defense system.

Leonid Brezhnev Photograh, quote. Web. 9 Nov. 2014. <http://izquotes.com/quote/213177>

Leonid Brezhnez was the Secretary General of the Soviet Union for 18 years during the

Cold War. This image illustrates his definition of détente and that it was to be a peaceful

means of solving conflicts.

Margaret Thatcher. Photograph. Web. 9 Nov. 2014.

<http://www.thedailysheeple.com/margaret-thatcher-dead-at-87_042013>

This is a photograph of Margaret Thatcher, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. She

was a world leader at the time of the Reagan presidency and she had great admiration for

Reagan and his accomplishments.

7

Mikahil Gorbachev. Photograph. Web. 11 Jan. 2015.

<http://www.writespirit.net/authors/mikhail-gorbachev/gorbachev-biography/>

This is a photograph of Mikhail Gorbachev which I used next to a quote from him

regarding the Geneva Summit page.        

Military Collage. Photograph. Web. 11 Apr. 2015.

<http://floridapundit.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/01/us_military_collage_zus6-

300x258.jpg>

This is a photo collage of the U.S. military. I used this photo to identify the link on the

impact page to the military strength page. It helps to show the impact of Reagan’s

influence on military might.

Naval Missile Defense System. Photograph. Web. 11 Apr. 2015.

<http://www.public.navy.mil/surfor/ddg62/Photos/121025-N-ZZ999-201.jpg>

This photograph shows a U.S. naval ship with a missile defense system, shooting off an

anti-missile interceptor. I used this to identify the link on the Impact page to the SDI

technology page. It illustrates the concept of how SDI impacted our current defense

system.

Official Portrait of President Ronald Reagan. Photograph. Courtesy Ronald Reagan Library.

Web. 11 Jan. 2015. <http://www.reagan.utexas.edu/archives/photographs/photo.html>

Peace through Strength. Photograph. Web. 9 Oct. 2014.

http://www.brandchannel.com/home/post/2012/12/14/Reagan-Peace-Through-Strength-

121412.aspx

This is an image of Reagan next to the saying Peace through Strength. I used this image

in my header photos as it was a focus of the Reagan administration and it is a major part

of my project. The theme of Peace through Strength is found throughout my website.

People dancing on the Berlin Wall. Photograph. Web. 23 Feb. 2015.

<http:www.globalpeaceproject.net/proven-results/case-studies/global-peace-end-of-the-

cold-war/>

The photo is of people dancing on the Berlin Wall as it was about to fall. This was an

important event and this photo shows the excitement of the people with the change that

was happening in Germany.

8

Reagan with Flag Backdrop. Photograph. Web. 9 Nov. 2014.

http://www.history.com/photos/ronald-reagan/photo1

This is a photograph of Reagan with the U.S. flag as the background. I used this photo

because I thought it was a good image of Ronald Reagan to portray his strength.

Richard M. Nixon. Photograph. Web. 10 Oct. 2014. <http://www.archives.gov/presidential-

libraries/events/centennials/nixon/>

This is an official photograph of President Richard Nixon which I used next to a quote

from him regarding the Cold War and communism.

Reagan Oval Office. Photograph. Web. 7 Nov. 2014.

<http://dailysignal.com/wp-content/uploads/reagan_ovaloffice_130205.jpg>

This is a photograph of President Reagan working at his desk in the Oval Office. I used

this photo as a depiction on my Reagan Doctrine page.

Refusniks. Photograph. Web. 2 Apr. 2015.

<http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/images/People/sharanskys.jpg>

This image is of Soviet Jews (Refusniks) that obtained freedom as a result of President

Reagan’s efforts to improve Soviet human rights. It illustrates a personal effect of global

policies. I used this to illustrate part of Reagan’s legacy of worldwide freedom.

Refusenik, Natan Sharansky. Photograph. 10 Apr. 2015. Personal Photograph. Ronald Reagan

Presidential Library.

While on my second visit to the Ronald Reagan Library I saw a picture of Natan

Sharansky meeting Ronald Reagan. I already had a picture of Mr. Sharansky calling

President Reagan to thank him and decided to also include this picture on my site as a

further illustration of Reagan’s legacy of worldwide freedom.

Robert McFarlane. Photograph. Web. 8 Apr. 2015.

<https://johnib.wordpress.com/2012/12/29/best-advice-in-my-life/>

This is a photograph of Robert McFarlane, National Security Adviser. He is a member of

the ASCF board. I used the photograph on my interview page.

Ronald Reagan and Mikhail Gorbachev in Geneva. Photograph. Ronald Reagan, Intelligence,

and the End of the Cold War: Ronald Reagan Presidential Library, Simi Valley,

California, November 2, 2011. Washington, D.C.: Central Intelligence Agency, Historical

Collections, 2011. Print.

9

I used 2 images from this collection to depict pictures from the Geneva Summit. This

was the 2 superpowers first meeting. The first picture shows the 2 men sitting casually

by a fire and speaking. The second picture they are on a couch surrounded by other

government officials.

Ronald Reagan and Mikhail Gorbachev at the Moscow Summit. Photograph. Ronald Reagan,

Intelligence, and the End of the Cold War: Ronald Reagan Presidential Library, Simi

Valley, California, November 2, 2011. Washington, D.C.: Central Intelligence Agency,

Historical Collections, 2011. Print.

This photograph shows Reagan and Gorbachev standing in the famous Moscow Red

Square. Reagan traveled to Moscow to ratify the INF Treaty. He spoke of human rights

and wanted to tour the Red Square and meet the Russian people.

Ronald Reagan and Mikhail Gorbachev in Reykjavik. Photographs. Ronald Reagan, Intelligence,

and the End of the Cold War: Ronald Reagan Presidential Library, Simi Valley,

California, November 2, 2011. Washington, D.C.: Central Intelligence Agency, Historical

Collections, 2011. Print.

I used 2 pictures from this collection of Reagan and Gorbachev together in Reykjavik.

The first picture is the house in Reykjavik were the summit was held. The second picture

depicts the 2 men walking away from the failed negotiations. The picture appears to

show the disappointment of the meeting.

Ronald Reagan and Mikhail Gorbachev in Reykjavik. Ronald Reagan Presidential Library. Web.

29 Dec. 2014. http://www.reagan.utexas.edu/archives/photographs/gorby.html

This is 2 photographs of Reagan and Gorbachev at the Reykjavik Summit. The first

photograph shows them standing outside of the Reykjavik house. The second photograph

shows them sitting and speaking. These pictures depict the beginnings of some very

important negotiation talks for arms control.

Ronald Reagan and Mikhail Gorbachev at the Washington Summit. Photograph. Ronald Reagan

Presidential Library. Web. 29 Dec. 2014.

<http://www.reagan.utexas.edu/archives/photographs/gorby.html>

This photograph shows Reagan and Gorbachev sitting and speaking in front of the oval

office desk during the Washington Summit. I feel this photograph shows the success felt

by both men at this summit.

10

Ronald Reagan at Moscow State University. Photograph. Ronald Reagan Presidential Library.

Web. 15 Feb. 2015. http://www2.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB251/

This photograph is of President Reagan addressing the Soviet people at Moscow State

University. Reagan discussed the problems with communism and the alternative. This

photograph is an example of Reagan’s attempts to reach out the people of the Soviet

Union.

Ronald Reagan : Tear down This Wall. Photograph. Ronald Reagan, Intelligence, and the End

of the Cold War: Ronald Reagan Presidential Library, Simi Valley, California, November

2, 2011. Washington, D.C.: Central Intelligence Agency, Historical Collections, 2011.

Print.

This is a picture of Ronald Reagan giving his famous “Tear down This Wall” speech. I

felt it was important to use this picture on the page discussing the fall of the Berlin Wall.

This was Reagan’s call to Gorbachev to show progress in human rights and the ending of

the Cold War.

Screen Actors Guild logo. Photograph. Web. 10 Oct. 2014.

<http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/race/screen-actors-guild-awards-voting-276980>

This is an image of the Screen Actors Guild logo. I used this image to depict Ronald

Reagan’s involvement as president of the SAG when he began his fight against

communism.

SDI announcement. Web. 7 Nov. 2014.

http://www.reagan.utexas.edu/archives/photographs

This is a photograph of President Reagan making the announcement of the Strategic

Defense Initiative. This announcement was made in a national address to the American

public. I used this photo as I found the announcement to be an important component of

the plan to increase the military buildup and negotiate from a position of strength. I used

this photo in my header photos as SDI was an essential part of my project.

Suzanne Massie and Ronald Reagan. Photograph. Web. 20 Feb. 2015.

http://www.suzannemassie.com/images/reaganYears/reagan-3_th.jpg

This is a photograph of Suzanne Massie and Ronald Reagan together in the White House.

Ms. Massie was a consultant to President Reagan on Russian culture and history. She

had many visits to the White House to meet to consult.

11

U.S. Aircraft. Photograph. Web. 12 Apr. 2015.

http://www.haaretz.com/polopoly_fs/1.404347.1325150096!/image/2134991539.jpg_gen

/derivatives/landscape_640/2134991539.jpg

This is an image of a U.S. aircraft carrier. I used it to illustrate the military buildup that

Reagan supported during his presidency. The aircraft carrier shows the might of the U.S.

military.

U.S. Starts Firing Air Controllers. Photograph. Web. 16 Feb. 2015.

http://www.courant.com/courant-250/moments-in-history/hc-day-in-history-august-

20140728-006-photo.html

This is an image of a newspaper article about the air traffic controllers’ strike of 1981 and

Reagan’s response. I used to illustrate a comment Edmund Morris made about Reagan’s

strength of character.

U.S. Submarine. Photograph. Web. 2 Apr. 2015. <http://www.wired.com/2013/01/secret-sub-

design/

This is an image of a U.S. submarine. It is another example of the military buildup of the

Reagan presidency. Reagan improved the military – all branches – as part of his peace

through strength doctrine.

Ward Churchill. Photograph. Web. 15 Feb. 2015. http://www.counterpunch.org/2014/01/31/in-

search-of-ward-churchill/

This is a photograph of Ward Churchill which I used on the interview page.

Political Cartoons

Berlin Wall. Cartoon. Web. 9 Oct. 2014. <http://riseandfallofberlinwall.weebly.com/political-

cartoons.html>

This image depicts Reagan riding off into the sunset on a horse through a hole in the

Berlin Wall. I found this to be an interesting illustration of the end of Reagan’s political

career and part of his legacy.

ColdWarCartoon1953_thumb. Cartoon. Web. 22 Nov. 2014.

https://domesticempire.files.wordpress.com/2014/03/cold-war-cartoon-by-

cummings_full.jpg

12

I used this political cartoon to illustrate the theory of Mutually Assured Destruction. I

felt it helped to illustrate the tensions that existed during the Cold War and the possibility

of destruction from both sides.

Détente. Cartoon. Web. 7 Nov. 2014. http://phbond.pbworks.com/w/page/26235360/Period

%201%3A%20%20The%20Cold%20War%20(Nixon%20to%20Reagan)

This image shows an American leader and a Soviet leader shaking hands as a depiction of

peaceful détente negotiations. The Soviet leader is handcuffed to the Soviet people

representing that they were not a free people.

Reagan Monument Cartoon. Web. 19 Apr. 2015.

<http://img.docstoccdn.com/thumb/orig/112332038.png>

This cartoon illustrates a monument to President Reagan alongside gravestone for the

Berlin Wall, Cold War, and the Soviet Union. I felt this fit very well with my site and

specifically next to the audio quote from Edmund Morris about Reagan’s monuments.

Speeches

President Reagan Addresses the Nation from the Oval Office on National Security. Video. Web.

10 Oct. 2014. < http://www.reaganfoundation.org/>

This is a short video clip of President Reagan announcing SDI. I felt it was important to

use this video in my project and the SDI project was a very important part of the peace

through strength policy, Soviet negotiations and the ending of the Cold War.

Address to the Nation on the Meetings with Soviet General Secretary Gorbachev in Iceland

October 13, 1986. Website. 2 Apr. 2015.

http://www.reagan.utexas.edu/archives/speeches/1986/101386a.htm

After reading that Reagan addressed the nation after his meetings in Reykjavik with

Gorbachev, I was curious to see what he said. The talks were thought of as a failure by

many but Reagan refused to give up SDI and bring home a bad deal. I used a quote from

this speech to illustrate that point on the Reykjavik Summit page.

"Reagan at Brandenburg Gate – “Tear Down This Wall"" YouTube. YouTube. Web. 7 Dec.

2014. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YtYdjbpBk6A

These are some of Reagan's remarks from during his "Tear Down This Wall" speech in

front of the Berlin Wall. The gives the viewer the opportunity to hear s Reagan's actual

13

words as he called on Gorbachev to tear down the wall in a symbol of freedom.

Reagan, Ronald. Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States, Ronald Reagan: 1988-89.

Washington, D.C.: U.S. G.P.O., 1990. Print. Cold War

This collection of Reagan’s writings and speeches contained the transcript of a radio

address from 1988, in which the President stated “peace through strength works.” Since

this statement corresponds to my thesis statement I decided to use it on my home page.

A Time For Choosing. Speech. Web. 10 Nov. 2014.

Ronald Reagan gave a speech during the 1964 U.S. presidential election campaign for

Barry Goldwater. It was said to have electrified the public. Many of the statements made

are believed to still apply to the world today. I was able to hear parts of this speech when

I visited the Reagan Library.

Websites

Reagan Diary Entry 10 Oct. 1983. Web. 10 Apr. 2015.

<http://www.reaganfoundation.org/white-house-diary.aspx>

I used this site to locate Reagan’s actually words in his journal entry after he watched The

Day After movie on October 10, 1983. I was actually able to see a digital image of

Reagan’s actual handwritten journal entry on this day while visiting the Reagan Library.

Secondary Sources

Articles

An Essay: Reagan & His Legacy." Furthermore. Web. 14 Sept. 2014.

<http://klsouth.wordpress.com/reagan/>.

This site provided important points of his legacy, videos, pictures and key dates.

Watching the videos and seeing the pictures allowed me to see what he was like. This

site helped me identify key dates to do more research on.

Aron, Leon. "Reagan's Leadership Won Cold War." USA Today 24 Jan. 2011. Print.

This article helped me understand how and why the Strategic Defense Initiative affected

the Soviet negotiations, the collapse of the USSR and the ending of the Cold War.

14

Boehner, John. "Reagan Shaped Our times." USA Today 24 Jan. 2011. Print.

John Boehner is currently the Speaker of the House of Representatives. The Speaker

discusses how Reagan influenced our times.

Bowman, Tom. “Reagan guided huge buildup in arms race.” Baltimore Sun 4 June 2004. Print.

This article provided insight of impact of Reagan’s policies on military strength . It gave

good insight on the effects the military buildup had on not only the military but on the

world. It also provided information regarding criticisms of the military buildup.

Cox, Michael. "Ronald Reagan and the End of the Cold War: The Debate Continues." The Gilder

Lehrman Institute of American History. Web. 7 Dec. 2014.

This article provided perspectives on Reagan’s legacy in regards to the ending of the cold

war. I used this information in the perspective section of my project.

Dowd, Alan. "Leading Man." Sagamore. Web. 1 Apr. 2015.

<http://www.sagamoreinstitute.org/library-article/leading-man/>

This article talks about the negotiations between Reagan and Gorbachev. I used this

article to get a better understanding of their meetings and used a quote, on my Reykjavik

page, from Gorbachev referring to Reagan being difficult.

Edwards, Lee. "John Paul II: Winning the Cold War." The Heritage Foundation. 4 Apr.

2005. Web. 17 Dec. 2014.

This article discussed the ending of the Cold War. The credit for ending the Cold War

was given to Pope John Paul II who shared anti-communism views with Reagan and

taught that there was a better alternative. This provided another perspective.

"Gorbachev Calls Reagan ‘a Great President’." Msnbc.com. 6 June 2004. Web. 17 Dec.

2014. <http://www.nbcnews.com/id/5148407/ns/us_news-the_legacy_of_ronald_reagan/

t/gorbachev-calls-reagan-great-president/#VJDzMPldV2o>.

This article quotes Mikhail Gorbachev several times following the death of President

Reagan. Gorbachev talks of his respect for Reagan and his accomplishments. I used a

quote from this article to talk illustrate the importance of the start of talks with the

Soviets.

Heuvel, Katrina, and Stephen Cohen. "Gorbachev on 1989." Gorbachev on 1989. The

Nation, 28 Oct. 2009. Web. 17 Dec. 2014.

This article discussed Gorbachev’s perspective on the Cold War. I was able to use this

15

information to help me understand and explain the context of the Cold War.

“Iran urges India, China & Russia to counter NATO missile system” Article. Web. 19 Apr.

2015. <http://rt.com/news/250209-iran-cooperation-amd-nato>

This is a very current article regarding Iran and Russia’s response to the plan to send a

NATO missile defense system to Europe. I believe this is relevant to my project as it

shows how SDI technology is used today and also the current foreign policy issues.

Kaufman, Robert. "The First Principles of Ronald Reagan's Foreign Policy." The Heritage

Foundation. 1 Nov. 2011. Web. 14 Sept. 2014.

<http://www.heritage.org/research/reports/2011/11/the-first-principles-of-ronald-reagans-

foreign-policy>.

This report gave a background of former foreign policies. It gives a detailed description

of the Reagan Doctrine. This helped me to understand how much he changed America's

foreign policy and how this affected the world as well as how the INF Treaty was signed

without compromising SDI.

“NATO missile shield in Europe stays, despite understanding over ‘nuclear Iran fairytale’”

Article. Web. 18 Apr. 2015. < http://rt.com/news/246709-nato-missile-shield-iran/?

This is an article about current events in the world that relate to defensive missile

technology. NATO is planning to move forward with placement of the systems in

Europe and Russia is not happy about it. I used information from this article on the SDI

Technology page.

Slobin, Sarah. "A NATION CHALLENGED: HEARTS AND MINDS." The New York

Times. The New York Times, 10 Nov. 2001. Web. 17 Dec. 2014.

This article provided information about communism and the Cold War. This provided a

quote from President Nixon for context information for my project.

Wheeler, Tim. “The Real Ronald Reagan on his 100th Birthday.” Web. 2 Apr. 2015.

<http://www.peoplesworld.org/the-real-ronald-reagan-on-his-100th-birthday/>

This article provides dissenting perspectives regarding Reagan’s legacy. It provides a

critical look at his various policies and their impact on the world. I used quotes from this

article for dissention opinions on my Reagan’s Views on Communism page and on my

Military Strength page.

16

Books

Casil, Amy Sterling. The B-1 Lancer. New York: Rosen Central, 2003. Print.

This book provides a history which provides a history of the B-1 bomber. From

this book I was able to obtain information about how Jimmy Carter had cut the B-

1 program and Reagan brought it back. An example of his focus on military

strength.

Chomsky, Noam. Deterring Democracy. London: Verso, 1991. Print.

Noam Chomsky is a know critic of Reagan and his policies. I had attempted to schedule

an interview with Mr. Chomsky; however, his schedule did not permit it. I selected a

dissenting perspective from this book regarding Reagan’s leadership.

D’Souza, Dinesh. Ronald Reagan: How an Ordinary Man Became an Extraordinary Leader.

New York: Free, 1997. Print.

This book provided a very interesting read. Mr. D’Souza takes the time to present

various viewpoints regarding Reagan’s policies and then draws conclusions. He used

additional data to back up his conclusions. I used a dissenting quote from Anthony Lewis

regarding Reagan’s “Evil Empire” speech.

FitzGerald, Frances. Way out There in the Blue: Reagan, Star Wars, and the End of the Cold

War. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2000. Print.

This book analyzed Reagan, SDI and the Cold War. I used a quote from this book

regarding the Reykjavik Summit being referred to as “the highest stakes poker game.”

Both leaders negotiated and tried to force the hand of the other but Reagan refused to fold

on SDI.

Granville, Johanna. "Strategic Defense Initiative." The Encyclopedia of Russian History. Ed.

James Millar. New York: Macmillan Reference USA, 2004. 1487. Print.

This excerpt clearly explained the Strategic Defense Initiative. This helped me to have a

better understanding of the SDI program. I used this information to explain SDI on my

project.

Gregory, Ross. Cold War America, 1946 to 1990. New York: Facts on File, 2003. Print.

George Marshall was famous for his leadership roles during World War II and the Cold

War. He was Chief of Staff of the United States Army, Secretary of State, and the third

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Secretary of Defense. This quote from him helps to illustrate the dangers of the Soviet

Union and the threat of destruction that the world faced during that time.

Kernek, Sterling J. Foreign Policy in the Reagan Presidency: Nine Intimate Perspectives.

Lanham, Md.: U of America ;, 1993. Print.

This is a book about Reagan’s foreign policy. I selected a quote about how Reagan

remains the most creative president of our time. I felt this was important to use as it

relates to current times and speaks of his legacy.

Ratnesar, Romesh. Tear down This Wall: A City, a President, and the Speech That Ended the

Cold War. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2009. Print.

This book helped me get quotes for many different things. It helped explain Reagan’s

Tear Down This Wall speech.

Schweizer, Peter. Reagan's War: The Epic Story of His Forty Year Struggle and Final Triumph

over Communism. New York: Doubleday, 2002. Print.

I obtained his book from the public library. His book gave a viewpoint of Reagan’s anti-

communism views from the beginning to the end. I was able to obtain more background

information on Reagan’s views and utilize it in my project for quotes.

Wallison, Peter J. "Conviction Politician." Ronald Reagan: The Power of Conviction and the

Success of His Presidency. Boulder, Colo.: Westview, 2003. 45- 80. Print. This book is a

firsthand account by Peter J. Wallison, a former White House Counsel to President

Reagan. The Chapter "Conviction Politician" describes Reagan's commitment to

decisions to his foreign policy, especially the SDI. It showed how his commitment

affected the outcomes of many negotiations. I used it to provide research as well as a

quote regarding military buildup.

Images and Photographs

“Berlin Wall Tumbles”; London Herald. Image. Web. 2 Apr. 2015.

<http://d3l2rivt3pqnj2.cloudfront.net/highres_images/easyart/1/0/101009.jpg>

This is an image of the London Herald newspaper headline declaring the fall of the Berlin

Wall. This was noted as an important event throughout the world and I used this image

to illustrate that point on the Collapse of the U.S.S.R. page.

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Chinese Missile Defense System. Photograph. Web. 18 Apr. 2015.

<http://www.wantchinatimes.com/newsphoto/2013-10-06/450/FD20001-

164735_copy1.jpg>

This is a photograph of a missile defense system from China. I used this as an example

of how SDI technology has affected missile defense systems worldwide.

Cold War Flags. Image. Web. 15 Apr. 2015.

<http://historyofrussia.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/08/Cold-War-Flags.jpg >

This is a split image of the U.S. and USSR flags. The two countries were considered the

superpowers during the Cold War era. I used this on my Context page to identify the link

leading to the Cold War page.

Communism Threat. Personal Photograph. Ronald Reagan Presidential Library. This is a photo

I took on my visit to the Ronald Reagan Presidential Library on 1 Sept. 2014. It

describes Reagan believed that communism was a threat even before he was a politician.

I used this photo on the Reagan’s Views on Communism page.

The Day After Poster. Image. Web. 15 Apr. 2015. < https://rmactsc.wordpress.com/tag/the-

day-after/>

This is an image of The Day After movie poster. This movie was about nuclear war and

it’s effects. This image gives a visual illustration to the viewer for this movie. I used it

on my Soviet’s Negotiation page to illustrate the movie that I refer to.

Dissolution of the USSR: New York Times headline. Image. Web. 17 Mar. 2015.

<https://eurasiawatch.files.wordpress.com/2010/03/ussr1.png>

This New York Times headline illustrates the dissolution of the USSR making reference

to the “Death of the Soviet Union.” This was headline news and a big change in the

world. I used this on the Collapse of the USSR page.

Eureka College. Image. Web. 23 Feb 2015. < http://www.eureka.edu/news/sage-seeks-vendors-

for-sustainability-festival/>

This is an image of the Eureka College logo. I used this on my interview page for

Anthony Glass as he is the curator and archivist at the Reagan Museum. I could not get a

photo of Mr. Glass.

Evil Empire. Image. Web. 15 Apr. 2015.

<http://unobtainium13.files.wordpress.com/2014/03/evil_empire_001_covera.jpg>.

19

This is an image with the words Evil Empire on it. Reagan referred to the USSR as an

“evil empire” in his first term. This image is used to identify the link leading to the

Reagan Doctrine page.

Defense Budget. Image. Web. 22 Feb. 2015.

https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/security/report/2011/07/14/10016/a-return-to-

responsibility/

This image is an illustration of the defense budget spending throughout several

presidencies. It illustrates the dramatic increase in spending during the Reagan years

compared to the détente years.

Détente. Image. Web. 15 Apr. 2015. <http://www.americanforeignrelations.com/photos/cold-

war-evolution-and-interpretations-d-tente-4074.jpg>

This is an image of two people shaking hands with the world in the background. I used

this image to identify the détente agreement of appeasement and it identifies the link

leading to the Détente page.

Guided-missile cruiser USS Vicksburg. Photograph. Web. 17 Apr. 2015.

<https://pbs.twimg.com/media/CBmUB2bUIAAmqN6.jpg>

This is a photograph of a US missile cruiser. I obtained this picture from a recent article

about current events involving missile defense technology in which NATO is sending

missile defense technology to Europe.

Franco-Italian Missile Defense System. Photograph. 15 Apr. 2015.

<http://newsmilitary.com/pages/11779511-samp-slash-t-successful-on-a-franco-italian-

missile-defense>

This is a photograph of a missile defense system that France and Italy use. I used this

photo to help illustrate the impact that SDI technology has had on missile defense

systems worldwide. I used this on the SDI Technology page.

Hofdi House. Photograph. Ronald Reagan, Intelligence, and the End of the Cold War: Ronald

Reagan Presidential Library, Simi Valley, California, November 2, 2011. Washington,

D.C.: Central Intelligence Agency, Historical Collections, 2011. Print.

This is a photograph of the Hofdi House which was the site of the Reykjavik Summit in

Iceland. I used this on the Reykjavik Summit page as this house is a historic site because

of this historic summit.

20

India Missile Defense System. Photograph. Web. 17 Apr. 2015.

<http://www.indiastrategic.in/image/img_3360.jpg>

This is a photograph of India’s missile defense system. I used this on the SDI

Technology page as an illustration of the impact that SDI technology has had on missile

defense systems worldwide.

Iran Missile Defense System. Photograph. Web. 18 Apr. 2015.

<http://www.newworldorderwar.com/iran-ready-to-test-air-defense-system/>

This is a photograph of the missile defense system in Iran. This photo is used to help

demonstrate the impact SDI technology has had on missile defense systems worldwide.

Let’s Talk. Geneva Time magazine. Image. Web. 2 Apr. 2015.

<http://content.time.com/time/covers/0%2c16641%2c19851118%2c00.html>

This Time magazine cover illustrates the desires of the two leaders to begin talks. It had

been 6 years since leaders of the two superpowers had talked. Reagan had sent personal

letters to the 2 previous leaders as well as Gorbachev expressing his desire to talk to

improve relations and prevent nuclear war.

Man of the Century. Gorbachev Time magazine cover. Image. Web. 4 Apr. 2015.

<http://content.time.com/time/covers/0,16641,19900101,00.html>

This is an image of the Time magazine that refers to Mikhail Gorbachev as the Man of

the Decade. I used this to illustrate the perspective that Gorbachev deserves the credit for

ending the Cold War. His image looks bronzed, almost as if it is immortalizing him.

Putting Moscow on the Defensive, Time magazine. Image. 15 Apr. 2015.

<http://content.time.com/time/covers/0%2c16641%2c19830919%2c00.html>

This is a Time magazine image of Reagan depicting his view on communism. This

image is used to identify the link leading to the Reagan’s Views on Communism page. I

thought it was a good representation of how Reagan went on the offensive against

communism.

Russian Missile Defense System. Photograph. Web. 17 Apr. 2015.

<http://www.ausairpower.net/APA-SAM-Support-Vehicles.html>

This is a photograph of a Russian missile defense system. This is another example of

how SDI technology has impacted defense systems worldwide.

21

SDI. Image. Web. 10 Nov. 2014. http://ndawehistory.weebly.com/star-wars-and-strategic-

defense-initiative.html

This is an image depicting the Strategic Defense Initiative in a space like manner. SDI

was often referred to as Star Wars and I thought this image was a good representation of

that idea.

SDI Time magazine. Image. Web. 22 Mar. 2015.

<http://img.timeinc.net/time/magazine/archive/covers/1983/1101830404_400.jpg>

This is an image of a Time magazine depicting some of the concerns raised regarding the

SDI. Critics considered it a budget issue as well as being unrealistic, like science fiction.

I used this to illustrate a dissenting opinion on SDI. Critics felt that the cost of the

program was a mistake. I used to image to illustrate a criticism of Reagan’s SDI

program.

U.K. Royal Missile Defense System. Photograph. Web. 17 Apr. 2015.

https://www.gov.uk/government/news/hms-diamond-fires-sea-viper-missile-for-first-time

This is a photograph of a U.K. naval ship with a missile defense system. I used this

photo as an example of how SDI technology has affected missile defense systems

worldwide.

U.S.S.R. Dissolution. Image. Web. 8 Apr. 2015.

<http://www.worldology.com/Europe/modern_europe.htm>

This image depicts the dissolution of the USSR. It shows the previous borders of the

U.S.S.R. and the resulting borders and countries following the dissolution. This was a

dramatic change. I felt this image was important to include as this was a major impact

resulting from the leadership and policies of President Reagan. Although this happened

soon after Reagan left office, it was a result of his efforts.

We Win They Lose. Image. Web. 10 Oct. 2014. <http://meetville.com/quotes/tag/war/page76

Pic we win they lose>

This is an image I found that states a comment Ronald Reagan said about America’s Cold

War strategy/Reagan Doctrine. It means that the strategy is very clear – there is no

option but to win.

22

Interviews

Jeane Kirkpatrick interview. Web. 1 Feb. 2015.

http://www2.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/coldwar/interviews/episode-19/kirkpatrick1.html

Jeane Kirkpatrick served as Ronald Reagan's foreign policy adviser in his 1980 campaign

and later as a U.S. Ambassador. I used this site to read about an interview conducted

with Ms. Kirkpatrick about the Cold War. I used a quote from the interview to explain

why détente was not working and that is was dangerous to the U.S.

Websites

American Security Council Foundation. Website. Web. 14 Feb. 2015. <http://ascfusa.org>

This site provided a plethora of information regarding Peace through Strength. It also

provided information regarding the leadership and legacy and impact of Ronal Reagan.

From this site I was able to obtain contact information for the foundation which allowed

me to conduct an interview with Bill McCollum, a board member. I also used quotes on

the Peace through Strength page to illustrate the importance of the doctrine.

Bill McCollum bio. Website. 18 Feb. 2015. http://www.dentons.com/en/bill-mccollum

This site provides a bio for Bill McCollum. He is a previous U.S. senator and is currently

on the board of the American Security Council Foundation.

Edmund Morris bio. Website. 5 Jan 2015.

< http://www.randomhouse.com/author/21275/edmund-morris>

This site provided a brief biography of Edmund Morris that I was able to use for my

interview page.

Evil Empire. Website. Web. 2 Apr. 2015.

<http://www.nationalcenter.org/ReaganEvilEmpire1983.html>

This website provides an explanation of the “Evil Empire” speech and it’s importance. It

also includes the transcript of the speech. I used this site to provide an explanation of the

Evil Empire speech on the Reagan Doctrine page. It has been deemed one of Reagan’s

most important speeches.

George Shultz bio. Website. Web. 10 Dec. 2015.

https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/shultz-george-pratt

23

This site provided a detailed biography of George Shultz that I was able to use describe

his relevance to my project and use on my interview page.

JFK Library. Website. Web. 22 Mar. 2015. <

http://www.jfklibrary.org/JFK/JFK-in-History/The-Cold-War.aspx>

I used this website to read some background on the Cold War during the 60s. The Cold

War existed from the end WWII until the early 90s. I used a quote from this site on the

Cold War page to describe what the two superpowers were doing during the Cold War.

Leadership Letters. Website. Web. 11 Feb. 2015.

<http://issuu.com/eurekacollege/docs/leadership_letters_2?e=2342890/4500503>

The Eureka College Reagan Museum emphasizes Reagan’s lasting legacy, as well as his

leadership abilities One of the ways that Eureka passes on lessons in leadership is through

their “Leadership Letters” magazine. I embedded the letters in my site as an example of

Reagan’s legacy of leadership.

McFarlane, Robert. Website. Web. 10 Apr. 2015. <http://www.fampeople.com/cat-robert-

mcfarlane>

This site provided a biography of Robert McFarlane. He worked as Reagan’s National

Security Advisor from 1983-1985. He was a lead architect in the creation of SDI. I used

this biography on my interview page.

Michael Reagan bio. Website. Web. 10 Nov. 2014. http://michaelreagan.com

I used this website to obtain a bio for my interview page. It gives a succinct bio of

Michael Reagan.

"Miller Center." American President: Ronald Wilson Reagan: Foreign Affairs. Website. Web. 7

Dec. 2014. http://millercenter.org

I used this site to gain a better understand Reagan's foreign policy. It helped me get a

clear picture of Reagan's strategies, leadership and legacy. This site provided information

to add depth to my project.

“Presidential Leadership in the Cold War”. Website. Web. 14 Feb. 2015.

<http://reagan.civiced.org/lessons/middle-school/presidential-leadership-cold-war -

quotes and piccollapse prediction>

From this site I was able to read and overview of the Ronald Reagan’s leadership during

the Cold War and the ending of the Cold War.

24

Smith, Donald bio. Website. 24 Feb. 2015.

<https://www.ascfusa.org/content_pages/view/board-of-directors>

This site provided a biography of General Donald Smith. He served in the military

before and during Reagan’s presidency. This biography illustrates some of his many

accomplishments. He is currently the ASCF Chairman. I used this biography on my

interview page.

Suzanne Massie bio. Website. Web. 17 Feb. 2015. http://suzannemassie.com/bio.html>

I used this site to obtain background information prior to my interview with her. She

specialized in Russian history and culture and became a consultant to President Reagan.

I also obtained a short bio of her for the interview page.

The Reagan-Gorbachev Summits. Website. Web. 15 Feb. 2015.

http://www.thereaganfiles.com/the-summits.html

This website provided a summary of the 4 summits between Reagan and Gorbachev. I

used quotes and photographs from this site to add to my pages for the 4 summits. The

quotes added more information and depth to my pages.

Ward Churchill bio. Website. <http://www.breakingnews.com/topic/ward-churchill/>

This site provided a bio of Ward Churchill. I was able to read this information prior to

my interview and use it on my Interviews and Transcripts page.

25