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APA Citation Style APA Citation Style In-text Citation In-text Citation By: Noorazalia Izha Haron

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APA Citation StyleAPA Citation StyleIn-text Citation In-text Citation

By: Noorazalia Izha Haron

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Documentation of SourcesDocumentation of Sources

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When to cite?When to cite?

When referring to an IDEA THAT IS NOT OUR OWN (one that has been drawn from another source), cite the idea as someone else’s.

Example:◦Community policing involves developing a

relationship between citizens and the police department (Jones, 2005).

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The Order of CitationThe Order of Citation

Order of the citation: in parenthesis, the author’s name, a comma, and the year of publication:◦Community policing involves developing a

relationship between citizens and the police department (Jones, 2005).

Author’s name

Year of publication

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Various Authors’ NamesVarious Authors’ Names

APA Style IEEE Style

Full name: Aaron Brown

…(Brown, 2008)According to Brown (2008), …

Full name: Aaron Brown

…[1]According to [1], …

Full name: Anita binti Sarawak

…(Anita, 2009)Anita (2009) states …

Full name: Anita binti Sarawak

…[2][2] states …

Full name: Tan Boon Keong

…(Tan, 2010)Tan (2010) found …

Full name: Tan Boon Keong

…[3][3] found …

Full name: Priyanka Chopra

…(Priyanka, 2011)Priyanka (2011) suggests …

Full name: Priyanka Chopra

…[4][4] suggests …

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When to cite?When to cite?

You MUST cite the source each time you draw from it; not just the first time you use it in a text.

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When to cite?When to cite?

Important: if you DIRECTLY QUOTE a text, you must put the quote in QUOTATION MARKS:◦“Community policing involves developing a

relationship between citizens and the police department” according to one source (Jones, 2005, p. 48).

Direct quotation MUST include PAGE NUMBER.

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When to cite?When to cite?

Our IN-TEXT CITATION MUST be tallied with the REFERENCE LIST (appears at the end of your report):◦Community policing involves developing a

relationship between citizens and the police department (Jones, 2005, p. 48).

ReferencesJones, A. (2005). Community policies for teenagers.

Hartford, CT: Scholarly Publishers, Inc.

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No authorsNo authors

Sources without author. Write the FIRST THREE WORDS of the article:◦Community policing involves developing a

relationship between citizens and the police department (“Community policies for”, 2005).

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No dateNo date

Sources without date. Write “n.d.” (no date) after the author’s name:◦Community policing involves developing a

relationship between citizens and the police department (Jones, n.d.).

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Two authorsTwo authors

Two authors:◦Community policing involves developing a

relationship between citizens and the police department (Jones & Smith, 2005).

◦According to Jones and Smith (2005), community policing involves developing a relationship between citizens and the police department.

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Three to Six AuthorsThree to Six Authors

Three to six authors: First citation, list all authors:

◦ Community policing involves developing a relationship between citizens and the police department (Jones, Smith, & White, 2005).

Subsequent citations, only list the first author, and follow it up with “et al.” (and others):◦ Community policing involves developing a relationship

between citizens and the police department (Jones, et al.).

◦ Follow the SEQUENCING of the authors’ names as appears on the book

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Organisation / Agency as AuthorOrganisation / Agency as Author

Organisation or agency (such as a government agency) as the author: ◦ Community policing involves developing a relationship

between citizens and the police department (Malaysia Department of Justice, 2005).

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Indirect Source Indirect Source

To cite work by A in another work by B: ◦Laila (2009, as cited in Khoo, 2010) states …◦… (Laila, 2009 as cited in Khoo, 2010).