Aplikasi Pati Untuk Industri

Aplikasi Pati Untuk IndustriCarbohydrate Consumption in IndonesiaCarbohydrate Source for Food in IndonesiaIndonesiaProduksi ubi kayu: 23.824.008,00 tonProduksi beras: 71.291.494,00 tonProduksi jagung: 18.506.287,00 tonProduksi ubi jalar: 18.506.287,00 ton

Thailand:3rd cassava producing country2nd in AsiaNon-direct consumptionThailand:1st World Cassava Exporter!Indonesia importir terbesar tepung dan pati singkong di dunia tahun 2012.

Export market of Thailand; Native StarchExport market of Thailand; Modified StarchIndustrial Uses of StarchSumber-sumber PatiKentangTapiokaSaguBerasJagungGandumKacang Tanah, dsb.Pati AlamiPati ModifikasiMengapa Pati Termodifikasi?Kekurangan Pati Alami dalam Aplikasi PanganViskositas dan kemampuan membentuk gel yang tidak seragamTidak tahan pada pemanasan suhu tinggiTidak tahan pada kondisi asamTidak tahan proses mekanisGel pati alami mudah mengalami sineresis akibat terjadinya retrogradasi patiTeknik-teknik modifikasi patiMetode FisikMetode Kimia

Teknik Modifikasi, Tujuan, dan Contoh Aplikasi Pati di Industri PanganTeknik ModifikasiTujuan UtamaAplikasiPre-GelatinisasiMenghasilkan pati yang dapat terdispersi dalam air dingin (bersifat instan)Makanan bayi, food powder, salad dressing, cakes mix, puddingIkatan Silang (crosslinking)Menghasilakn pati dengan viskositas yang stabil terhadap suhu tinggi, proses pengadukan, dan kondisi asamSoun, makanan kaleng yang diproses pada suhu tinggi, pie filling, soupSubstitusi Gugus Hidroksil dari PatiMenghasilkan pati yang tidak mudah mengalami retrogradasi serta mampu memperbaiki stabilitas viskositasProduk yang dibekukanHidrolisis dengan AsamMenghasilkan pati dengan viskositas yang rendahConfectionery products (permen)Kombinasi Substitusi dan Ikatan SilangMenghasilkan pati yang tahan panas, pengadukan, dan asam serta kecenderungan retrogradasi yang rendahSaus, makanan bekuCarboxymethyl Starch (CMS)An important modified starch with unique properties due to the presence of negatively charged functional group (CH2COO-).The introduction of carboxymethyl groups interrups the ordered structure of native starch and intervenes with the re-association of gelatinized starch.This modification yields starch with decreased gelatinization temperature, increased solubility, and improve storage stability.Some example of CMS applications are:Oil field: used for fluid-loss in drilling mud, drill-in, completion and workover fluids.Textile industry: is ready to replace traditional alginate with about half of the cost.Construction: can be used for water preserving in concrete paste and color paste, as adhesive in concrete, sand, and in adhesive layer for wallpaper instalation.Pharmaceutical: may replace carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) as disintegrant in solid oral dosage manufacturing.Food: used in such food varieties as jelly, juice, ice cream, canned food, yoghurt, butter, bread, noodle for fresh preserverance, etc.Other industries: may be used in consumer products such as laundry, toothpaste, paper industry, environmental protection, and tobacco.Starch Acetate (SA)Starch acetate films are tougher and stronger than ethylcellulose (EC) films at the same plasticizer concentration. Also, in most cases, the water vapor permeability of SA films was lower than EC films. DSC thermograms supported the findings of the tensile test:Plasticizers with several small ester groups (e.g. Triacetin and triethyl citrate) were the most compatible with SA. Due to the good mechanical properties, low water vapor, and drug permeabilities of the films, SA seems to be a promising film-former for pharmaceutical coatings. The toughness of SA films may result from their dense film structure, which is due to strong interaction forces between adjacent SA molecular chain.Starch PhospatePrepared by treating starch with phosporic acidStable against heat and acidsApplication: frozen food, pudding, and dessert, sauces, mayonnaise, instant products, dressingThermoplastic Starch (TPS)Constituting about 80% of the bioplastic market, thermoplastic starch currently represents the most important and widely used bioplasticFlexibiliser and plasticiser such as sorbitol and glycerine are added so that starch can also be processed thermo-plasticallyBy varying the amounts of these additives, the characteristics of the materials can be tailored to spesific needsRaw material: corn, wheat, potatoes, tapioca, beans, etc.Starch BlendsTPS has been widely used with other polymersA great number of patents have been published on this topicMost of researchers are focused on the blending of TPS with biodegradable polyesters: polycaprolactone (PCL), polyesteramide (PEA), polyhydroxy butyrate co-hydroxy valerate (PHBV), polybutylene succinate-adipate (PBSA), polybutylene adipate co-terephtalate (PBAT), polylactic acid (PLA), or polyhydroxy ester ether (PHEE)These polymers commercially available show some interesting and reproducible properties such as a more hydrophobic character, a lower water permeability, and some improved mechanical properties.Commercially available starch and blendsTrade NameSupplierOriginStarpolStanelco/Biotec/AdeptGermanyMater-biNovamontItalyCereplastCereplast, IncUSAPSMTeinnovations, IncUSABioparBiopolymer TechnologiesGermanyEvercornEvercornJapanPlanticPlanticAustraliaPaper and board starch productsIn paper bags, tissues and packaging paper, corrugating board, and stationaryFor wet-end addition, size-press and surface coating to improve the qualityStarch improve the printability and writing properties of paper (typically printing and writing paper contain 4.1% starch, paper board 2% starch and domestic, industrial paper 1.9% starchThe growing use of recycled paper requires more and more starch quantities to avoid deterioration of the quality of fibres during recycling Pharmaceuticals and cosmeticsStarch are a source for use in pharmaceuticals and make a variety of contributions - from binder to sugarless sweetener to products as disparate as toothpaste, tablets, emulsions, lotions, liquid medicines and creams. Human well-being and, indeed, survival are also dependent on the role starch plays in the production of antibiotics, vitamins, penicillin, dialysis solution, enteral nutrition, drip-feed systems, and even blood olasma substitues. Starch is also used quiet extensively in cosmetic, make up, and healthcare products.textilesTo increase mechanical strength and resistance to friction wear and helps resist moisture penetrationAs a stabilizer and filler for colored inks when fabrics are overprintedThe detergent industry uses starch products for the production of biodegradable, non-toxic, and skin friendly detergentsAquafeedAs a replacement for fish meals. Starch products are commonly used for their nutritive value, particularly as a source of proteins and carbohydrates or for their vitamin content. They are particularly suitable for feed intended for young fish.Starch and starch derivatives are used as processing aids, as a binding agent, as a thickener to stabilize the viscosity of the feed, etc.Animal feedThe starch co-products are a natural source of very disgestible protein. Other starch derivatives are used to help the digestibility of the animal feed, while some contribute to the protection of the animals liver function. Due to their nutritive value, starch products also make an ideal milk substitute for calves.Pet foodThe high protein content of starch co-products makes them a very good meat substitute for pet food, while the native and modified starches are used as binders and thickeners. Other starch products are also used as basic ingredients, for example as a source of fibres, or for the sweetening and coloring of pet food.