26
CRIMINAL JUSTICE TODAY, 10E © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc by Dr. Frank Schmalleger Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 1 Criminal Trial CHAPTER 10

APTER 10 - Mr. Eizyk's Social Studies - Homemreizyk.weebly.com/uploads/4/9/7/0/4970156/student_ch_10_for... · CRIMINAL JUSTICE TODAY, ... Criminal Trial APTER 10 . 2009 Pearson Education,

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

Page 1: APTER 10 - Mr. Eizyk's Social Studies - Homemreizyk.weebly.com/uploads/4/9/7/0/4970156/student_ch_10_for... · CRIMINAL JUSTICE TODAY, ... Criminal Trial APTER 10 . 2009 Pearson Education,

CRIMINAL JUSTICE TODAY, 10E © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc

by Dr. Frank Schmalleger Pearson Prentice Hall

Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

1

Criminal Trial

CH

AP

TE

R

10

Page 2: APTER 10 - Mr. Eizyk's Social Studies - Homemreizyk.weebly.com/uploads/4/9/7/0/4970156/student_ch_10_for... · CRIMINAL JUSTICE TODAY, ... Criminal Trial APTER 10 . 2009 Pearson Education,

2009 Pearson Education, Inc

2

The Criminal Trial

START HERE

Page 3: APTER 10 - Mr. Eizyk's Social Studies - Homemreizyk.weebly.com/uploads/4/9/7/0/4970156/student_ch_10_for... · CRIMINAL JUSTICE TODAY, ... Criminal Trial APTER 10 . 2009 Pearson Education,

Review

CRIMINAL JUSTICE TODAY, 10E © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc

by Dr. Frank Schmalleger Pearson Prentice Hall

Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

3

Page 4: APTER 10 - Mr. Eizyk's Social Studies - Homemreizyk.weebly.com/uploads/4/9/7/0/4970156/student_ch_10_for... · CRIMINAL JUSTICE TODAY, ... Criminal Trial APTER 10 . 2009 Pearson Education,

CRIMINAL JUSTICE TODAY, 10E © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc

by Dr. Frank Schmalleger Pearson Prentice Hall

Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

4

The Nature and Purpose of

the Criminal Trial:

The trial process is highly formalized and governed by rules of evidence and other procedural guidelines, as well as informal rules and professional expectations. The purpose is to determine the defendant’s guilt or innocence.

Page 5: APTER 10 - Mr. Eizyk's Social Studies - Homemreizyk.weebly.com/uploads/4/9/7/0/4970156/student_ch_10_for... · CRIMINAL JUSTICE TODAY, ... Criminal Trial APTER 10 . 2009 Pearson Education,

CRIMINAL JUSTICE TODAY, 10E © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc

by Dr. Frank Schmalleger Pearson Prentice Hall

Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

5

The philosophy of the adversarial

system is that the most just outcomes

will occur when both sides are

allowed to argue their cases

effectively and vociferously before a

fair and impartial jury.

Adversarial System

Page 6: APTER 10 - Mr. Eizyk's Social Studies - Homemreizyk.weebly.com/uploads/4/9/7/0/4970156/student_ch_10_for... · CRIMINAL JUSTICE TODAY, ... Criminal Trial APTER 10 . 2009 Pearson Education,

CRIMINAL JUSTICE TODAY, 10E © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc

by Dr. Frank Schmalleger Pearson Prentice Hall

Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

6

There are eight stages of a criminal trial. 1.

Stages in a Criminal Trial

Page 7: APTER 10 - Mr. Eizyk's Social Studies - Homemreizyk.weebly.com/uploads/4/9/7/0/4970156/student_ch_10_for... · CRIMINAL JUSTICE TODAY, ... Criminal Trial APTER 10 . 2009 Pearson Education,

CRIMINAL JUSTICE TODAY, 10E © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc

by Dr. Frank Schmalleger Pearson Prentice Hall

Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

7

Stages in a Criminal Trial

Page 8: APTER 10 - Mr. Eizyk's Social Studies - Homemreizyk.weebly.com/uploads/4/9/7/0/4970156/student_ch_10_for... · CRIMINAL JUSTICE TODAY, ... Criminal Trial APTER 10 . 2009 Pearson Education,

CRIMINAL JUSTICE TODAY, 10E © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc

by Dr. Frank Schmalleger Pearson Prentice Hall

Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

8

Trial Initiation and the

Speedy Trial

The ______________guarantees that in “all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial.”

Page 9: APTER 10 - Mr. Eizyk's Social Studies - Homemreizyk.weebly.com/uploads/4/9/7/0/4970156/student_ch_10_for... · CRIMINAL JUSTICE TODAY, ... Criminal Trial APTER 10 . 2009 Pearson Education,

CRIMINAL JUSTICE TODAY, 10E © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc

by Dr. Frank Schmalleger Pearson Prentice Hall

Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

9

Federal Speedy Trial Act (1974)

Prosecution must seek indictment or information within _______________ Trial must begin within _____________ indictment. Trial start can extend to 180 days if the defendant is not available or if witnesses cannot be called within the 70 day limit.

Page 10: APTER 10 - Mr. Eizyk's Social Studies - Homemreizyk.weebly.com/uploads/4/9/7/0/4970156/student_ch_10_for... · CRIMINAL JUSTICE TODAY, ... Criminal Trial APTER 10 . 2009 Pearson Education,

CRIMINAL JUSTICE TODAY, 10E © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc

by Dr. Frank Schmalleger Pearson Prentice Hall

Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

10

State Speedy Trial Acts

Many states have enacted their own speedy trial legislation. Most set a limit of_____________days as a reasonable period of time for a trial to begin.

Page 11: APTER 10 - Mr. Eizyk's Social Studies - Homemreizyk.weebly.com/uploads/4/9/7/0/4970156/student_ch_10_for... · CRIMINAL JUSTICE TODAY, ... Criminal Trial APTER 10 . 2009 Pearson Education,

CRIMINAL JUSTICE TODAY, 10E © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc

by Dr. Frank Schmalleger Pearson Prentice Hall

Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

11

The Sixth Amendment guarantees

the right to an impartial jury.

Jurors are expected to be

_________ and _________about

guilt or innocence.

Prosecution and defense attorneys

question potential jurors during

the process of _________

Jury Selection

Page 12: APTER 10 - Mr. Eizyk's Social Studies - Homemreizyk.weebly.com/uploads/4/9/7/0/4970156/student_ch_10_for... · CRIMINAL JUSTICE TODAY, ... Criminal Trial APTER 10 . 2009 Pearson Education,

CRIMINAL JUSTICE TODAY, 10E © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc

by Dr. Frank Schmalleger Pearson Prentice Hall

Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

12

Jury Selection: Ensuring

Impartiality

What are they?- REVIEW

Both the prosecution and defense can use challenges to remove

prospective jurors from jury pool.

Page 13: APTER 10 - Mr. Eizyk's Social Studies - Homemreizyk.weebly.com/uploads/4/9/7/0/4970156/student_ch_10_for... · CRIMINAL JUSTICE TODAY, ... Criminal Trial APTER 10 . 2009 Pearson Education,

CRIMINAL JUSTICE TODAY, 10E © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc

by Dr. Frank Schmalleger Pearson Prentice Hall

Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

13

Challenge to the Array

A challenge to the array claims that the pool from which potential jurors are to be selected is

It is argued in a motion

Page 14: APTER 10 - Mr. Eizyk's Social Studies - Homemreizyk.weebly.com/uploads/4/9/7/0/4970156/student_ch_10_for... · CRIMINAL JUSTICE TODAY, ... Criminal Trial APTER 10 . 2009 Pearson Education,

CRIMINAL JUSTICE TODAY, 10E © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc

by Dr. Frank Schmalleger Pearson Prentice Hall

Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

14

Challenge for Cause

Review- what is this? Typically, each side has ______________of such challenges.

Page 15: APTER 10 - Mr. Eizyk's Social Studies - Homemreizyk.weebly.com/uploads/4/9/7/0/4970156/student_ch_10_for... · CRIMINAL JUSTICE TODAY, ... Criminal Trial APTER 10 . 2009 Pearson Education,

CRIMINAL JUSTICE TODAY, 10E © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc

by Dr. Frank Schmalleger Pearson Prentice Hall

Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

15

Peremptory Challenge

WHAT ARE THESE?! Review…. Typically, each side has _______________of such challenges. Federal government and states vary in the number of such challenges allowed.

Page 16: APTER 10 - Mr. Eizyk's Social Studies - Homemreizyk.weebly.com/uploads/4/9/7/0/4970156/student_ch_10_for... · CRIMINAL JUSTICE TODAY, ... Criminal Trial APTER 10 . 2009 Pearson Education,

CRIMINAL JUSTICE TODAY, 10E © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc

by Dr. Frank Schmalleger Pearson Prentice Hall

Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

16

Sequestered Jury

Judges decide whether or not a jury should be _______________—isolated from the public during the course of a trial and throughout the deliberation process.

Page 17: APTER 10 - Mr. Eizyk's Social Studies - Homemreizyk.weebly.com/uploads/4/9/7/0/4970156/student_ch_10_for... · CRIMINAL JUSTICE TODAY, ... Criminal Trial APTER 10 . 2009 Pearson Education,

CRIMINAL JUSTICE TODAY, 10E © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc

by Dr. Frank Schmalleger Pearson Prentice Hall

Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

17

Jury Selection and Race

Batson v. Kentucky (1986)—the use of peremptory challenges for purposeful discrimination constitutes a violation of the defendant’s right to an impartial jury.

Page 18: APTER 10 - Mr. Eizyk's Social Studies - Homemreizyk.weebly.com/uploads/4/9/7/0/4970156/student_ch_10_for... · CRIMINAL JUSTICE TODAY, ... Criminal Trial APTER 10 . 2009 Pearson Education,

CRIMINAL JUSTICE TODAY, 10E © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc

by Dr. Frank Schmalleger Pearson Prentice Hall

Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

18

The presentation of information to

the jury begins with opening

statements-

Opening Statements

Page 19: APTER 10 - Mr. Eizyk's Social Studies - Homemreizyk.weebly.com/uploads/4/9/7/0/4970156/student_ch_10_for... · CRIMINAL JUSTICE TODAY, ... Criminal Trial APTER 10 . 2009 Pearson Education,

CRIMINAL JUSTICE TODAY, 10E © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc

by Dr. Frank Schmalleger Pearson Prentice Hall

Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

19

Evidence—anything useful to a

judge or jury in deciding the facts

of a case.

First, ____________ presents its

evidence. The ______________

follows.

The Presentation of

Evidence

Page 20: APTER 10 - Mr. Eizyk's Social Studies - Homemreizyk.weebly.com/uploads/4/9/7/0/4970156/student_ch_10_for... · CRIMINAL JUSTICE TODAY, ... Criminal Trial APTER 10 . 2009 Pearson Education,

CRIMINAL JUSTICE TODAY, 10E © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc

by Dr. Frank Schmalleger Pearson Prentice Hall

Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

20

Types of Evidence

Direct evidence

Circumstantial

evidence

Real evidence

Page 21: APTER 10 - Mr. Eizyk's Social Studies - Homemreizyk.weebly.com/uploads/4/9/7/0/4970156/student_ch_10_for... · CRIMINAL JUSTICE TODAY, ... Criminal Trial APTER 10 . 2009 Pearson Education,

CRIMINAL JUSTICE TODAY, 10E © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc

by Dr. Frank Schmalleger Pearson Prentice Hall

Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

21

Judges decide which evidence can be

presented to the jury.

Evidence must be relevant.

The Evaluation of

Evidence

Page 22: APTER 10 - Mr. Eizyk's Social Studies - Homemreizyk.weebly.com/uploads/4/9/7/0/4970156/student_ch_10_for... · CRIMINAL JUSTICE TODAY, ... Criminal Trial APTER 10 . 2009 Pearson Education,

CRIMINAL JUSTICE TODAY, 10E © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc

by Dr. Frank Schmalleger Pearson Prentice Hall

Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

22

Testimony—oral evidence presented by witnesses, including victims, police officers, the defendant, and specialists.

Witnesses must be competent to testify. The defendant has the _______________ right not to take the stand. Witnesses are subject to _______________ Witnesses who lie under oath ___________

The Testimony of

Witnesses

Page 23: APTER 10 - Mr. Eizyk's Social Studies - Homemreizyk.weebly.com/uploads/4/9/7/0/4970156/student_ch_10_for... · CRIMINAL JUSTICE TODAY, ... Criminal Trial APTER 10 . 2009 Pearson Education,

CRIMINAL JUSTICE TODAY, 10E © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc

by Dr. Frank Schmalleger Pearson Prentice Hall

Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

23

At the conclusion of the trial, both

sides provide the jury with closing

arguments—a

Closing Arguments

Page 24: APTER 10 - Mr. Eizyk's Social Studies - Homemreizyk.weebly.com/uploads/4/9/7/0/4970156/student_ch_10_for... · CRIMINAL JUSTICE TODAY, ... Criminal Trial APTER 10 . 2009 Pearson Education,

CRIMINAL JUSTICE TODAY, 10E © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc

by Dr. Frank Schmalleger Pearson Prentice Hall

Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

24

After closing arguments, the judge

charges the jury to: ________________

_________________

___________________

Judge may remind juries of statutory

laws and requirement of impartiality.

Judge’s Charge to the Jury

Page 25: APTER 10 - Mr. Eizyk's Social Studies - Homemreizyk.weebly.com/uploads/4/9/7/0/4970156/student_ch_10_for... · CRIMINAL JUSTICE TODAY, ... Criminal Trial APTER 10 . 2009 Pearson Education,

CRIMINAL JUSTICE TODAY, 10E © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc

by Dr. Frank Schmalleger Pearson Prentice Hall

Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

25

Deliberations may take minutes;

some take weeks.

Many jurisdictions require a

unanimous verdict.

Some juries are unable to reach a

verdict. These deadlock juries are

called _______________

Jury Deliberations and the

Verdict

Page 26: APTER 10 - Mr. Eizyk's Social Studies - Homemreizyk.weebly.com/uploads/4/9/7/0/4970156/student_ch_10_for... · CRIMINAL JUSTICE TODAY, ... Criminal Trial APTER 10 . 2009 Pearson Education,

CRIMINAL JUSTICE TODAY, 10E © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc

by Dr. Frank Schmalleger Pearson Prentice Hall

Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

26

Problems with the Jury System