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1 Argentine tango has made its debut in traditional Viennese balls S. Elefante, S. Jovicic, M. Elefante, R. Rodriguez www.tangogroup.eu “… Gira tu vals, me pongo el frac ¡por favor! vamos los dos a bailar …Vals del 18 A. Piazzolla and H. Ferrer (1981) Viennese balls have a long cultural tradition in the Austrian capital and their origin can be traced back to the 19 th century, to the time of the Congress of Vienna (1814-1815) [1] [2]. Indeed, since the beginning of the 19 th century several professional groups (e.g. medical doctors, lawyers, pharmacists) used to honor their respective profession by organizing balls. However, not only guilds held balls but also other interest groups (e.g. hunters) as well as persons who liked, for instance, masquerade balls. This tradition has survived until today and people can still enjoy the fascinating aspects of the balls and choose among more than four hundred different balls every year which underlines the still ongoing vivid interest for these events. The majority of the balls takes place in the beautiful historical Viennese palaces that offer a wide choice of rooms and halls with different musical styles allowing dancers to enjoy not only the classical three-quarter rhythm of the glorious Wiener Walzer, but also other dance styles such as rock ´n´ roll, salsa or even disco music. These balls spread across Europe and also reached the New World. In fact, there are historical documents that show that already in 1877 (Fig. 1) balls were organized in Buenos Aires. The following article published in the newspaper “El mosquito” on 7 th January 1877 refers to a masquerade ball in the city of Buenos Aires. Fig. 1. Article extracted from the newspaper “El Mosquito”, 7th January 1877 [3]. The balls were high class events in which the aristocracy could meet and apart from enjoying dancing also take the opportunity to discuss business matters. Both in Vienna and Buenos Aires, balls followed a certain protocol, for instance, ladies had a carnet de bal (Fig. 2), a booklet in which the tunes scheduled to be played during that night were written. Next to the type of the dance, a lady used to write the name of the gentleman who invited her to dance.

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Page 1: Argentine tango has made its debut in traditional Viennese balls · 2021. 3. 5. · 1 Argentine tango has made its debut in traditional Viennese balls S. Elefante, S. Jovicic, M

1

Argentine tango has made its debut in

traditional Viennese balls

S. Elefante, S. Jovicic, M. Elefante, R. Rodriguez

www.tangogroup.eu

“… Gira tu vals,

me pongo el frac ¡por favor!

vamos los dos a bailar …”

Vals del 18

A. Piazzolla and H. Ferrer (1981)

Viennese balls have a long cultural tradition in the Austrian capital and their origin can be traced

back to the 19th century, to the time of the Congress of Vienna (1814-1815) [1] [2]. Indeed, since the

beginning of the 19th century several professional groups (e.g. medical doctors, lawyers,

pharmacists) used to honor their respective profession by organizing balls. However, not only guilds

held balls but also other interest groups (e.g. hunters) as well as persons who liked, for instance,

masquerade balls. This tradition has survived until today and people can still enjoy the fascinating

aspects of the balls and choose among more than four hundred different balls every year which

underlines the still ongoing vivid interest for these events. The majority of the balls takes place in

the beautiful historical Viennese palaces that offer a wide choice of rooms and halls with different

musical styles allowing dancers to enjoy not only the classical three-quarter rhythm of the glorious

Wiener Walzer, but also other dance styles such as rock ´n´ roll, salsa or even disco music.

These balls spread across Europe and also reached the New World. In fact, there are historical

documents that show that already in 1877 (Fig. 1) balls were organized in Buenos Aires. The

following article published in the newspaper “El mosquito” on 7th January 1877 refers to a

masquerade ball in the city of Buenos Aires.

Fig. 1. Article extracted from the newspaper “El Mosquito”, 7th January 1877 [3].

The balls were high class events in which the aristocracy could meet and apart from enjoying

dancing also take the opportunity to discuss business matters. Both in Vienna and Buenos Aires,

balls followed a certain protocol, for instance, ladies had a carnet de bal (Fig. 2), a booklet in which

the tunes scheduled to be played during that night were written. Next to the type of the dance, a lady

used to write the name of the gentleman who invited her to dance.

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Fig. 2. Example of a carnet de bal [3].

At these balls guests also danced rhythms in which dancers needed to embrace each other. One

example included in ball programs was the habanera, known in Europe as “Tango Americano”. The

Opera Ball of Saturday 20th and Sunday 21st January 1877 in Buenos Aires included the habanera as

second dance in the program of the night (Fig. 3).

Fig. 3. Poster of the Opera Ball in Buenos Aires on 20th and 21st January 1877 [3].

The advertising poster of another masquerade ball organized during the carnival season in the Gran

Teatro Broadway, Calle Corrientes 1155, Buenos Aires at the beginning of March (year unknown)

(Fig. 4), announced that four different rhythms were going to be played that night: Tango, Foxtrot,

Vals and Rumba. The famous orchestra tipica Lomuto was invited to perform, and, therefore, it

seems reasonable to assume that Argentine tango instead of ballroom tango was played. On the

other hand, it can not clearly be deduced if Wiener Walzer or Vals criollo was played on that

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occasion as no specific information was provided on the advertising poster.

Fig. 4. Example of an advertising poster of a ball (year unknown), but probably during the 1930s.

Eighty musicians named profesores were on the stage [4].

Argentine tango, born and developed in the region of the Río de la Plata, reached Europe relatively

soon afterwards and quickly became popular in the major capitals.

In 1910, the Deutschmeister Mimi Hermann and his band travelled to Buenos Aires and performed

in Teatro Colón by presenting marches and waltzes. After returning to Vienna on 16th December

1910, the orchestra gave a concert at the Volksgarten in Vienna and played as a "gift for the

Viennese: a tango" [5].

An article in the Viennese newspaper “Das Wiener Tagblatt” on 19th November 1913 [6] provides

insights into the reaction of the European society to this new rhythm and dance. As reported in the

article, Argentine tango reached Paris first “One year ago, the name tango first appeared in public

in Paris. The Figaro performed a show on a strange Argentine dance, which was danced in a posh

nightclub.” Soon it also spread to Vienna “Tango is now being danced in all Viennese dance

institutions, tango is the talk of the day in all families, and the dance teachers, who are barely able

to meet the requirements, rub their hands and smile happily.”

Many cafés in Vienna used to play Argentine tango (e.g. Parisien-Bar in Schellingasse 4) and also

theatres featured Argentine tango shows (e.g. Franz Léhars “Tangokönigin” on 9th September 1921

in Apollo-Theater) [5].

However, it remains unclear if Argentine tango was ever included into the program of any of the

traditional Viennese balls as no evidence has yet been found. What is certain is that the sentiments

and feelings for this new dance were mixed among the Viennese society.

On 30th November 1913 an article was published in the Wiener Zeitung reporting that as a result of

a meeting of the ball committee of the Ball of the City of Vienna in the presence of the mayor it was

decided that Argentine tango would be excluded from the program of the 23rd Ball of the City of

Vienna (“… that the Tango, as it was subsequently decided with vivid approval, is not included in

the Tanzordnung”) (Appendix C) [7].

During the Industrienball an unpleasant event occurred. When the orchestra started playing a tango

and a couple stood up and started dancing, immediate whistles from the other guests made them

stop dancing (Appendix C) [7].

The Habsburg’s opinion on this new dance was not clearly expressed, however it is known that the

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Kaiser Franz Josef gave the order to his officers in uniform to sit down when Argentine tango

music was being played (Appendix C) [7].

Considering this historical perspective [1] [2], the university association Argentine Tango@TU

Wien & IST-Tango has achieved a milestone in the diffusion of Argentine tango in the Viennese ball

culture. Indeed, since 2017 the university group is in charge of organizing an Argentine tango event

including a milonga during the Technische Universität Ball (TU Ball) [8] which is celebrated in the

Imperial Hofburg Palace1 and whose origin can be traced back to the 1815. In this respect, 2017

can be regarded as an influential year for Argentine tango in Vienna as other balls have followed the

example of the TU Ball by also including Argentine tango in their program: Concordia Ball (2018)

[9] and Wissenschaftsball (2019) [10].

This achievement has been possible due to the worldwide increase in popularity of Argentine tango

during the last two decades. Vienna's Argentine tango scene has played an important role in this

respect. Thanks to the work and enthusiasm of the tango professionals and dancers, tango’s

popularity has seen a steady growth in schools, milongas and events. This context has eased the

opening up of new ways in which both UNESCO intangible cultural heritages could meet:

Argentine Tango and Wiener Walzer. The encounter and entanglement of these two dancing cultures

is very fascinating and may be very enriching and beneficial for both Argentine tango and Wiener

Walzer.

Acknowledgements

The university group Argentine Tango@TU Wien & IST-Tango would like to express its

appreciation to the tango professionals Chiara Greco & Martin Acosta, Doriska Tango, Jorge

Talquenca Tango, Marcelo and Noémi (Tango Mango), Maria Victoria Arenillas, Maxi Gotan,

ElTango.at Michael & Laura, Milonga El Firulete Nicolás and Karin, Nastasja Sas & Rafael

Ramírez, Sabine and Thomas Mayr from SaTho Tango, Sayaka & Joscha, Tango Entrenado and

TangoGermano for offering their time as well as tango knowledge to the group.

Special thanks to Espacio Montevideo, Sandra Dudek from Wollonga, Sylvia Tango, Susanne Köb,

Tango Café, TANGO-TV Latinanza and Wolfgang Lachkovics for their continuous help and support.

Gratitude also goes to Alejandra Rogel Alberdi, Beate Wist, Bernard Siegl, Brigitte Belfin, Dimitri

Papanikas, José María Otero, Marcelo Castelo, Marcos Iaffa Sanchez and Otto Eder for providing

the author with the historical documents and constructive suggestions to write this document.

Special recognition to Ana Puttonen, Kurt Loeffelmann and all the members of Argentine

Tango@TU Wien & IST-Tango for having contributed to reach this achievement.

Many other people deserve to be acknowledged, whoever has not been mentioned, we kindly

apologise.

1 To the authors’ best knowledge, in 2017 for the first time an Argentine tango event including a milonga has

been organized in the Imperial Hofburg Palace within the context of a traditional Viennese ball.

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References

[1] https://www.wien.info/en/music-stage-shows/dance/ball-season

[2] https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiener_Ballsaison

[3] https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=2142458432448069&set=pcb.2142458765781369&type=3&theater

[4] https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=627652651014527&set=a.225962094516920&type=3&theater

[5] Appendix A: Otto Eder, “Tango!!! Ein Fremdling in Wien”, Prologue and Pag. 64, 2017

[6] Appendix B: “Das Wiener Tagblatt”, 19th November 1913

[7] Appendix C: Otto Eder, “Tango!!! Ein Fremdling in Wien”, Pag. 56-57, 2017

[8] http://www.tu-ball.at/

[9] https://www.concordiaball.at/

[10] https://www.wissenschaftsball.at/en/

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Appendix A

Otto Eder, “Tango!!! Ein Fremdling in Wien”, 2017 (Prologue and page 64)

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Appendix B

Ein Tangoabend (Das Wiener Tagblatt vom 19. November 1913)

Vor einem Jahre erklang in Paris zum erstenmal in der Oeffentlichkeit der Name

Tango. Der „Figaro“ brachte eine Sauserie über einen seltsamen argentinischen

Tanz, der in einem vornehmen Nachtlokal getanzt wurde. Damit schien die Sache

erledigt. Aber im Laufe weniger Wochen vollzog sich ein bis nun in der

Tanzchronik noch nicht dagewesenes Ereignis. Der Tango, ursprünglich von

Varietétänzern exekutiert, begann Aufsehen zu erregen und in Familien und

Privatunterhaltungen einzudringen. Und mit einem Schlage fing auch die Pariser

Boulevardpresse an, sich mit dem Tango eingehend zu befassen. Rundfragen wurden

in Szene gesetzt. Der „Excelsior“ richtete an Literaten, Künstler und Gelehrte

die Frage, was sie über den Tango denken. Die Frage gewann dadurch einen

leidenschaftlichen Charakter, daß sich zwei Lager bildeten. Die einen rühmten

den Tango als graziösen, durchaus dezenten Tanz. Andre wieder runzelten finster

die Brauen, zeterten über seine Indenzenz und erblickten in ihm eine

charakterliches Zeichen der modernen Dekadenz. Dieses Aufeinanderplatzen

gegenteiliger Ansichten was das Glück des Tango. Er gewann immer mehr an

Popularität, wurde während des letzten Sommers auch in allen französischen

Kurorten und Seebädern getanzt und empfing seine Apotheose, als kürzlich der

berühmte Dichter Jean Richepin, einer der vierzig Unsterblichen der

französischen Akademie, bei der diesjährigen Plenarsitzung der fünf Institute

der Akademie für den Tango eine Lanze brach.

Wir in Wien haben den merkwürdigen Aufstieg des argentinischen Tanzes als ruhige

Beobachter verfolgt. Wir lächelten wohl auch ein wenig verwundert darüber, daß

ein Tanz heutzutage noch derartig die Gemüter in Aufruhr zu bringen vermag. Aber

auch bei uns vollzog sich ein seltsamer Umschwung. Der Tango hielt im Stillen

seit Beginn dieser Saison auch bei uns seinen Einzug. Und zwei Monate genügten,

um hier einen Tangofuror zu entfachen. In sämtlichen Wiener Tanzinstitutionen

wird jetzt Tango getanzt, in allen Familien bildet der Tango das Tagesgespräch,

und die Tanzlehrer, die den Anforderungen kaum entsprechen können, reiben sich

die Hände und lächeln vergnügt. Ein Tangokurs ist nämlich ein sehr kostspieliges

Vergnügen. Das Honorar für eine einzige Tanzstunde variiert zwischen 20 und 40

K. Und man findet, trotz der schlechten Zeiten, über die man so beweglich

lamentiert, Geld dafür. Der Tango ist zwar, von einem rigoristischen Standpunkt

betrachte, eine Überflüssigkeit, aber eine jener Überflüssigkeiten, von denen

das Sprüchlein gilt: „Le superflu c’est le nécesaire.“ Ist nun der Tango ein

harmloser oder sittlich verwerflicher Tanz? Haben jene Moralisten recht, die ihn

verdammen? Ist er graziös? Hat er die Eignung in sich als Alleinherrscher den

Walzer zu verdrängen? Das sind Fragen, die nunmehr auf der Tagesordnung stehen

und die durch den jüngsten Erlaß des deutschen Kaisers neuerdingen heftig

entfacht wurden. Wir glauben, daß man gut tut, diesen scheinbar so brennenden

Fragen gegenüber ungetrübten Gleichmut und jene Milde zu bewahren, mit der der

lachende Demokrit auf menschliche Torheiten herabblickt.

In der philosophisch ruhigen Auffassung des Tango hat uns der gestrige Abend im

Zirkus Busch bestärkt, an dem der Tango im Dienste der Wohltätigkeit vor der

großen Oeffentlichkeit debütierte. Die Veranstaltung fand zugunsten des

„Invalidendank“ statt. Daß der Tango eine außerordentlich stark werbende Kraft

besitzt, bewies schon der Umstand, daß der gewaltige Raum des Zirkus bis zum

letzten Platz gefüllt war, wobei es allerdings auffiel, daß die Aristokratie und

so manche jener Persönlichkeiten, die sonst stets dabei sind, der Veranstaltung

fern blieben. – Um 10 Uhr, nachdem das übliche Programm des Zirkus Henry

absolviert war, begann der „Clou“ des Abends. Sämtliche Tanzinstitute Wiens

schickten ihre Tangotänzer und –Tänzerinnen ins Treffen. Das Publikum war in

lebhafter Spannung. Die Musik setzte ein. Einige Pärchen erschienen auf dem

Tanzpodium der Manege. Zunächst einige Worte über den musikalischen Teil des

Tanzes. Da müssen wir nun leider gestehen, daß nach der Stichprobe, die uns

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gestern geboten wurde, der Tango, als Musikstück betrachtet, seine Provenienz

verrät. Er ist durchaus primitiv, ja monoton, ohne Schwung, ohne Glut, und

scheint auch nicht Elemente in sich zu enthalten, die einer musikalischen

Bereicherung und Entwicklung fähig wären.

Der Tanz selbst – das muß gleich betont werden – verdient keineswegs den

Bannfluch, den Moralisten gegen ihn geschleudert haben. Seine Grundelemente sind

mehr oder weniger künstlich kadenzierte Pas in ruhigem Gleichmaß, sind wiegende,

neigende Bewegungen des Oberkörpers, die mitunter scharf profiliert sind. Er

bietet, wenn er kunstgerecht exekutiert wird, reichlich Anlaß, Grazie, Anmut und

Beweglichkeit zu entfalten. Aber ein wesentliches, ja das wesentliche Element

des Tanzes fehlt ihm: er hat keine Seele. Er reizt nicht hin, er packt die

Tänzer nicht mit elementarer Kraft.

Aber seine Grazie, sein lässiger Rhythmus hat doch gewirkt. Fast nach jeder

Darbietung rauschte stürmischer Beifall durch das Haus. Es zeigte sich aber

auch, daß ihn nur vorzügliche Tänzer bewältigen können. Er ist gerade wegen

seiner vielfach scharf profilierten Bewegungen ein Tanz, bei dem jeder Abfall

von der Schönheitslinie grell auffällt. Manche Tanzpaare erfuhren denn auch eine

ziemlich herbe Kritik, die aber, da sie nicht bös gemeint war, rasch durch

versöhnenden Applaus wettgemacht wurde. Daß der Tango auch mit Temperament

getanzt werden kann, bewiesen die Varietétänzer der hiesigen

Vergnügungsetablissements, die sich nach den Regeln der Tanzinstitute

produzierten. Sie bewiesen aber auch, daß der Tango doch auch Momente enthält,

die in starker Auftragung unästhetisch und indezent wirken.

Wird der Tango unseren alten, lieben Walzer verdrängen? Der Schluß der gestrigen

Produktionen hat diese Frage in sehr sinniger Weise beantwortet. Das Haus wurde

plötzlich verdunkelt. Ein violettes Licht ergoß sich über die Tänzer und

Tänzerinnen, die an allen Produktionen mitwirkten, leise erklangen die Rhythmen

des Walzers „An der blauen Donau“, schwollen allmählich an und all das

jugendliche Tanzvolk wirbelte auf einmal nach den wiegenden, wogenden Weisen des

Walzers in anmutiger Verschlingung dahin. Es war eine Huldigung, die unserm

Walzer dargebracht wurde, der – das dürfen wir nach den Erfahrungen des

gestrigen Abends ruhig erklären – die Konkurrenz des Tango nicht zu befürchten

braucht und nach wie vor seine altererbte souveräne Herrschaft in unsern

Tanzsälen behaupten wird.

Das Wiener Tagblatt vom 19. November 1913

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Appendix C

Otto Eder, “Tango!!! Ein Fremdling in Wien”, 2017 (Pages 56-57)

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