Army / NASA Rotorcraft Division Human Systems UAV Efforts · PDF fileHuman Systems UAV Efforts Army / NASA Rotorcraft Division Jay Shively AMRDEC Human Systems Tech Area lead [email protected]

11/9/2009 12:20 AM 1

Human Systems UAV Efforts

Army / NASA Rotorcraft Division

Jay ShivelyAMRDEC Human Systems Tech Area lead

[email protected](650) 604-6249

11/9/2009 12:20 AM 2

Program Update: Program Update: Army Unmanned Aerial Vehicle SystemsArmy Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Systems

“UAVS-Protecting the Point”

COL John D. BurkeProject Manager

UAV Systems Project OfficeAugust 2002

11/9/2009 12:20 AM 3

An Army UAV Path

Long Endurance PayloadsCommunications Relay PayloadsAttack / Aviation Mission Support

Situational Awareness

Brigade Shadow 200

Aviation Mission SupportLogistics/Medevac

Attack/Situation AwarenessSm

all U

AV

Syst

em C

omm

on

Supp

ort E

quip

men

t

Small UAV

Backpack or Vehicle

Backpack or Vehicle Control

Vehicle Launch / Army Organic Air Vehicle

Fixed Wing - Extended Range/Multi Purpose

TUA

V O

ne S

yste

mC

omm

on S

uppo

rt

Equi

pmen

t

Now FY02 FY03 FY04 FY05 FY10

Low Risk


Communications Relay Payloads

Rotary Wing - Extended Range/Multi Purpose (e.g. A160)

Micro UAV

Inte

rim

Hunt

er A

irfra

me


11/9/2009 12:20 AM 4

One Army UAV System Approach

MMF8%

Air Vehicle21%

Payload

8%

LRE

11%AV Transport

6%

GCS

31%

GDT10%

RVT5%

TUAV Hardware Cost

(to Include GFE)

Portable Ground Control Station & Data Terminal

ContactTeams

Ground DataTerminal

Personnel

TALS

Air Air VehiclesVehicles

Launcher

Payloads

The system is The system is much more than much more than

an airframean airframe

11/9/2009 12:20 AM 5

Shadow 200 System

Air Vehicles with Payloads x 3

Portable Ground Control Station & Data

Terminal

Ground Data Terminal x 2

Remote Video Terminal & Antenna x 4

GCS AVTL/T

GCSE/T T/Transport

MSM M/T

Deployability / TransportabilityC130 Transportable

Maintenance Section

Personnel4 x 33W (EW System Repairer)3 x 52D (Engine Mechanic)

Air Vehicle

Personnel/Equipment Transport

Personnel/Equipment Transport

EquipmentTrailer

EquipmentTrailer

MaintenanceSection

Multifunctional

Ground Control Stations x 2

System

ArrestingNet

Air Vehicle Transport & Launcher Trailer

T/Transport

Personnel1 x 35D (Platoon Leader)1 x 350U (UAV Warrant Officer)1 x 96U (Platoon Sergeant)12 x 96 U (Air Vehicle Operators)

TALS


11/9/2009 12:20 AM 6

Shadow 200 System Update

Prime Contractor: AAI Corporation

• Many minor improvements to airframe and training/procedures since last spring

• Concluded several highly successful OPTEMPO exercises with troops during winter

• Cold weather, C4I, mobility and lift demonstrations/tests successfully accomplished

• LRIP ’02 of 5 systems awarded in March

• IOT&E – 23 April – 03 May 200253 missions conductedAverage flight duration 4.5 hoursAverage daily flight hours 17.5Exceeded operational tempoAnticipated positive report

1888.3Hours1070Flights

Shadow 200


11/9/2009 12:20 AM 7

FY00O N D J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S

FY01 FY02 FY03 FY04

Shadow 200 Schedule

EMD/P3I

EMD System Delivery

FY01 Long Lead Decision

DT User Tests (OPTEMPO)

LUT/IOTE

LRIP (FY01)

LRIP (FY02)

ATEC/DOTE Report Writing

Full Rate Production Decision

Production I (FY03)

Program initiation to IOTE in 28 months

Program initiation to IOTE in 28 months


11/9/2009 12:20 AM 8

Hunter System Update

• Hunter has supported III Corps since 1996Operational deployments in support of KFOR in 99, 00, 01, 02

• Warning order in early FY02 to determine feasibility and unit size for additional Corps fieldings

• Emerging Corps structure is platoon (+)/company (-) size unit

• Systems in place at III CORPS (Fort Hood), Training Base (Fort Huachuca), Joint Readiness Training Center (Fort Polk), Training Base (Fort Huachuca)

• 21 Payload/Sensor Demonstrations

• 4 Operational Deployments to Macedonia

• 18 Joint Readiness Training Center Exercises (JRTC)

• Lowest mishap rate of any U.S. owned UAV

22,424Hours6313Flights

Hunter

Prime Contractor: TRW


11/9/2009 12:20 AM 9

Upcoming Events

• ShadowFull Rate Production (FRP) Milestone DecisionFRP Contract AwardFielding

2nd Infantry Division (SBCT)4 Infantry Division25 Infantry Division (SBCT)1st Cavalry Division

• HunterHunter Air Vehicle and Payload Control into Shadow Ground Control StationSAR/MTI Military Utility AssessmentFielding

XVIII Airborne CorpsV Corps


11/9/2009 12:20 AM 10

“UAVS-Protecting the Point”Army has committed to Hunter UAV as the

ER/MP Surrogate through ‘07

Future Army UAVs

• Hunter Replacement

• ER/MP Draft Requirements include:• Division/Corps UAV• Multiple Payloads• 200-300km Range• 10-14 hours flight time• Heavy Fuel Engine

• Acquisition Strategy: • Competition for an ER/MP airframe

only • Utilize Common Components of

Shadow Ground Station and Ground Equipment

• Potential Timelines:• FY03-04 – RFP, Downselect to

two Airframes, Integrate on Shadow Ground equipment, Fly-off

• FY04 –05 - Final Integration, System Design, Test, Provision

• FY06 Initial Fielding

Extended Range/Multi-Purpose

• SUAV Draft Requirements include:• BN and Below UAV• O-20km Range• 60-90 min flight time• Very low cost/easy to operate

• Acquisition Strategy• One system concept• Ground station capable of control• Multiple small UAVs

• Potential Timelines:• FY05 transfer of MAV ACTD

management to PM TUAV• FY05 initial fielding

Small UAV Concept

11/9/2009 12:20 AM 11

• Planned demo mounts Brilliant Anti-tank (BAT)Submunition on Hunter

– BAT is routinely dropped from Cessna aircraft similar to Hunter

– BAT deploys from ATACMS at Hunter Operational Altitudes

– BAT operates autonomously once dropped from Hunter, simplifying integration

ConceptConcept–– Mount 2 BAT submunitions, one under

each wing– Demo is in two phases over one year

Accomplishments• The Apache received direct

video feed (Level 2 control) from the UAV at all times.

• The AH-64 controlled both the UAV and the payload cameras (Level 4 control) for 76 minutes.

When in control:• Apache directed the aircraft

flight patterns by waypoint navigation to the target area

• Slewed the camera to identify the targets and send video to ground locations.

Airborne Manned-Unmanned System Technology (AMUST):

Demonstrate teamed interoperability Demonstrate teamed interoperability of manned and unmanned platforms of manned and unmanned platforms

using AHusing AH--64 Apache and RQ64 Apache and RQ--5A 5A Hunter UAVHunter UAV

Evolving TUAV Capabilities Include …

Manned/Unmanned Teaming

Armed UAV’s Future Combat System Unmanned Air Vehicles

UAV Payload Priorities

Hyperspectral/UltraspectralImaging

Laser Range Finder/Designator

Illuminator (Point & Shoot)

CRP Medium – (Block One with Tactical Internet)

Synthetic Aperture Radar/Moving Target Indicator

CRP Light – VHF SINCGARS or EPLRS

Brigade

Electronic Attack

Foliage Penetration

Chemical/Biological

Mine Detection

SIGINT

CRP Heavy

Division/Corps

Source: CG TRADOC, 12 Jul 00


11/9/2009 12:20 AM 12

An Army UAV Path Will …

Smal

l UA

V Sy

stem

Com

mon

Su

ppor

t Equ

ipm

ent

Small UAV

Backpack or Vehicle Control

Long Endurance PayloadsCommunications Relay PayloadsAttack / Aviation Mission Support


Brigade Shadow 200

Aviation Mission SupportLogistics/Medevac

Attack/Situation Awareness

Backpack or Vehicle

Vehicle Launch / Army Organic Air Vehicle

Fixed Wing - Extended Range/Multi Purpose

TUA

V O

ne S

yste

mC

omm

on S

uppo

rt

Equi

pmen

t

Now FY02 FY03 FY04 FY05 FY10

Low Risk


Communications Relay Payloads

Rotary Wing - Extended Range/Multi Purpose (e.g. A160)

Micro UAV

Inte

rim

Hunt

er A

irfra

me

• Sup

port

Full S

pect

rum

of O

pera

tions

• Be P

art o

f the

Arm

y’s O

bjec

tive F

orce

• Pro

vide i

n Int

egra

ted Fa

mily

of U

AVs

• Ena

ble R

apid

Tec

hnol

ogy T

rans

fer

• Bui

ld o

n RST

A miss

ion

and

succ

esse

s


11/9/2009 12:20 AM 13

Summary

• Army integration of all UAVs into land warfare capability Army Senior-Level leaders are committedManeuver, protection, information, firepowerExploit RDT&E/DARPA effortsCombat and combat support roles – communications, weapons, logistics, medicalProvide software, training, logistics, simulation/trainers, payloads

• Army UAVs are…ER/MP [Hunter], Division, CorpsShadow 200, BrigadeSUAV/MUAV, Battalion and below

• One System approach is the foundation of Army’s UAV capability

Accu

racy

Timeliness

Relevance

Enables a Capabilities Based Objective Force

UAV Information


11/9/2009 12:20 AM 14

Control from Aircraft

• Longbow - AMUST, HSKT• Comanche - MUM, AMBL

11/9/2009 12:20 AM 15

Army UAV Operator: 96U MOS

• 18 - 23 years old• Top 5% • High entrance scores• Some have college degrees• Secret security clearance• Attrition = 30%

11/9/2009 12:20 AM 16

Major Duties of UAV Operator§ Supervises and Operates UAV

Mission planning

Minor air frame repair

Launching

Remotely piloting

Recovering

11/9/2009 12:20 AM 17

Operator Training• 23 Week Course

• Private Pilot Ground School • (4 weeks)• Flight Line Operations• (3 weeks)• Intelligence Common Core • (3 weeks)• Payload Classroom • (1 week)• Vehicle Operator Classroom • (3 weeks)• Simulator Training • (3 weeks - 26 flights)• Preflight/Engine Start Lab • (2 weeks)

11/9/2009 12:20 AM 18

Operator Training (cont’d)

v Flight Training (3-4 weeks)5 Vehicle Operator 1.5 hr FlightsVehicle Operator Check Ride5 Payload Operator 1.5 hr FlightsPayload Operator Check Ride2 Preflights, Launches, and Recoveries2-3.5 Hours Local Flight Training

Note: 90% of the time operators don’t flythe programmed mission

11/9/2009 12:20 AM 19

External Pilot Training

• 26 Week Course • Ground Instruction (1 week)• Remote Ground Model Flights (50 flight

hours)• 1/3d Scale Model Flights (45 flight hours)• Full Scale Flights (35 flight hours - 1 hr/day)• Night Flights (5 flight hours - 1 hr/day)

11/9/2009 12:20 AM 20

Traditional PFR ?

NO !

“Not flying the aircraft”Not the same taskAutomationMultiple A/CControl from A/C (high workload)

11/9/2009 12:20 AM 21

Training

• If the task is different, training should be to.• Intuitive displays will reduce training time• Displays that are close are worse the

qualitatively different

Documents

Army / NASA Rotorcraft Division Human Systems UAV Efforts · PDF fileHuman Systems UAV Efforts Army / NASA Rotorcraft Division Jay Shively AMRDEC Human Systems Tech Area lead [email protected]