ART Powerpoint FINAL

8/7/2019 ART Powerpoint FINAL

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ASSISTED REPRODUCTIVETECHNOLOGIES (ARTS)

By: RANDOLPH CAMOLISTA, R.N.

And

MARIA CONSOLACION PORAL, R.N.


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WHAT IS ASSISTED REPRODUCTIVE

TECHNOLOGIES?

methods used to achievepregnancy byartificial or partially artificial means

used primarily in infertility treatments

used in couples who are discordantfor certaincommunicable diseases, i.e. Aids, to reducethe

risk ofinfection when a pregnancy is desired


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WHAT ARE THE TYPES OF ARTS?

In Vitro Fertilization (IVF)

includes:

Transvaginal ovum retrieval (OCR)

Assisted zona hatching(AZH)

Intracytoplasmic sperminjection(ICSI) Zygoteintrafallopian transfer(ZIFT)

Autologous endometrial coculture

Cytoplasmic transfer

Eggdonors Gestational carrier

Preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD)

Embryo splitting


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OTHERS (DOES NOT NECESSARILY

INVOLVE IVF):

Gameteintrafallopian transfer (GIFT)

Sex selection

Artificial insemination (AI)

Surrogacy

Reproductive surgery

Cryopreservation


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RISKS:

Genetic Disorders

Low Birth Weight

Preterm Birth


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ISSUES ON:

1. Conception, Pregnancy and Marriage

Valid Marriage (2 central considerations):1. The unitive and the procreative dimensions ofthemarital

actmust remain intact and;2. Each coupleis called to responsible parenthood

IVF is the converseofcontraception: which allowsthe unitive dimension tohappen withouttheprocreative; IVF allows the procreative withoutthe

unitive. Human procreation is a natural act and a vital act.


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2. Permitted Assistanceto Human Procreation

Ethical medical advancementin itselfis a positiveexpression oftheinspiration ofthe Holy Spirit upon

themedical and scientific community.

Whatis allowed is assisted reproduction?

- to assistthe spermto achieveits natural goal ofinsemination, includingby means ofartificial

insemination, provided several conditions arein place:

The coupleis validly married

The spermofthehusband is collected ethically

Conception takes place within the wifes infundibulum

The resultingembryois not subjected to disproportionate

risk or harm


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ETHICS:

Family Relationships

-Bothgenetic and gestational mothers are biological mothers, butneither is consistently identified as the legal mother.

Informed Choice

- it requires full disclosure and fair representation ofall potentialmedical, social and emotional outcomes and risks.

Research

- remains incomplete with regards toefficacy, long-term safety andpsychosocial implications ofmost ARTs, butthese concerns arebeingaddressed.

- key factors thatmotivate research: the desiretoovercome

infertility, to behelpful, to achieve professional advancement and toacquirefinancial gain.


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Gender Issues

- significantly influenced by societal assumptions aboutmen and women.

Embryo status

- Vatican considers embryos to be persons from conception and rejects IVFbecauseit separates sex and reproduction.

Access

- difficulty in ensuringaccess tomedically necessary and appropriatetreatment while avoidinginappropriateoveruse at bothmicro (individualpatient) and macro (health policy) levels.

CommercializingReproduction

- Markets in human gametes, embryos and pregnancy raisewidespread ethical alarm.


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CATHOLICS POINT OF VIEW:

Catholicism- The Roman Catholic opposes all kinds of

ART because, as with contraception, itseparates the procreation purpose ofthe

marriage actfromits unitive purpose.- Accordingto Pope Benedict XVI it replaces

love between a husband and wife.

- in Catholicism, and embryois viewed as an

individual thatmust betreated as a person.- IVF is disregarded becauseitmight causeembryo disposal


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CONCLUSION:Today, many differenttechniques ofhuman procreation

arises whichis intended to assistin procreation but sadto say , some were used as a substitutefor humanprocreation and itis whereethical problem/dilemmacomes in. In couples who decided to choosethistechnique, itis importantto know the reason or motivefor undergoing it and we are surethatmostofthem will

answer the desiretohave a child. Itis natural for lovingcouples to want and have children. However, no child canreally be had, since a child is not a possession, not anobject, and not a thing. Rather, children are a giftfromGod. All life, especially human life, is a giftfrom God. By

definition, we do nothave a righttogifts. Therefore, noone really has a righttohave a child. Couples dohave aright, however, to desire children. In order for theirmarriageto bevalid, the couplehas a responsibility todesire children. But whether the children comeor notmust remain the prerogativeofGod.


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THANK YOU AND GOOD DAY!

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