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ASSISTIVE TECHNOLOGY
INTRODUCTION
Basic Premise:
• All students can participate!
• All students can learn!
• All students can achieve!
ALL students…including students with disabilities!
Basic Premise of IDEA:
• Students with disabilities must be provided an educational program that will help the student be involved in, and progress in, the general curriculum.
Basic Premise of Assistive Technology
• Assistive technology, when coupled with universally designed curriculum, maximizes learning opportunities for students with disabilities.
Benefits to Students
• Provide access to educational materials and activities
• Modify the environment to accommodate each student’s skills and abilities
• Support each student’s need to read, write, speak, listen
• Support independence, participation and productivity across school, home and community environments
Definition of an Assistive Technology Device
“…any item, piece of equipment or product system, whether acquired commercially, off the shelf, modified or customized, that is used to increase, maintain or improve the functional capabilities of children with disabilities.”(IDEA 2004, Part A, 300.5)
Definition of Assistive Technology Services
“…any service that directly assists a child with a disability in the selection, acquisition, or use of an assistive technology device.”
Assistive technology is related to function, not to a particular disability
category. MobilityRecreationSeating/PositioningListeningSeeingSelf-careCognitive Processing
HandwritingSpellingReadingMathWritten ExpressionDaily OrganizationCommunication
Continuum from No/Low Tech to High Tech
No/Low Tech Mid Tech High Tech
SimpleLittle Maintenance
No electronics
Some MaintenanceSome Training
More Electronics
More MaintenanceMore Training
Complex Electronics
Examples of Low Tech for Reading
• Book holder• Color filters• Highlighters,
markers, post-it flags
• Braille text
Examples of Mid Tech for Reading
• Books on tape/CD• Talking dictionary• Handheld scanner
Examples of High Tech for Reading
• Talking word processor
• Scanner with OCR• Picture-supported
text
Examples of High Tech for Reading
• Multimedia formats• Interactive software
Examples of Low Tech for Writing
• Pencil grip; weighted pens
• Markers and white board• Reference material
Examples of Low Tech for Writing
• Special paper or writing surfaces
• Writing guides• Keyguard; support for
arm
Examples of Mid Tech for Writing
• Electronic spell checker
• Word processor• Braille notetaker
Examples of High Tech for Writing
• Visual organization software
• Alternate input• Word prediction
Examples of High Tech for Writing
• On-line references• Text-to-speech
feedback• Speech recognition• Braille embossing
Examples of Low Tech for Communication
• Aided Language Stimulation for comprehension
• Eye-gaze frames• Communication boards,
books or other formats
Examples of Mid Tech for Communication
• Single and multiple message devices
• Sequenced message device
• TDD (telephone devices)
Examples of High Tech for Communication
• Dynamic screen devices
• Symbol sequencing• Text-to-speech
Examples of High Tech for Hearing
• Sound field amplification
• Personal FM or infrared listening system
• Hearing aids• Cochlear implants
Examples of Low Tech for Mobility and Seating
• Cane, crutches, walker
• Ramp• Transfer board• Seating adaptations
Examples of Mid Tech for Mobility and Seating
• Specialized seating• Rollator
Examples of High Tech for Mobility and Seating
• Wheelchair• Elevator/Chair Lift• Hand Controls
Examples of Low Tech for Environmental Control and Daily
Living Skills• Adapted eating and cooking
utensils• Universal cuff• Adapted tools
Examples of Mid Tech for Environmental Control and Daily
Living Skills• Talking devices• Special lighting• Appliance controller
Examples of High Tech for Environmental Control and Daily
Living Skills
• ECU for controlling many devices
What is everyone else doing that this student is not able to do?
What (exactly) are the barriers for this student?
What has been tried to meet the student’s special needs?
Is it working?
Ask the right questions!
When Are Assistive Technology Devices or Services Necessary?
• When it is needed for the child to receive FAPE.
• When it is needed for the child to be educated within the LRE.
• When the AT devices and services will give the student access to educational activities and programs.
When appropriate assistive technologies are provided for a student, the
possibilities are endless!
The End
ASSISTIVE TECHNOLOGY: IntroductionOCALI/Ohio AT Network, 2007
Ohio AT NetworkScope of Work: To support the use of technology at each tier of support that will maximize accessibility to academic content standards to enhance learning.
Technology to maximize individual
learning
technology to improve student
performance
Academic success for all students
• The statewide collaborative network provides consistent and comprehensive professional development, technical assistance and product development/dissemination related to the use of technology/assistive technology.
• Build and sustain capacity to make data-driven decisions regarding the use of technology/assistive technology to maximize learning for all students.