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EDITION 2017–2018

B.Sc. (Hons.), M.Sc., M.Phil.Associate Professor of Physics (Retd.)and Ex. Head, Department of Physics,

R.S.D. College, Ferozepur (Pb.)

PHYSICSPHYSICS

Arush M. Guptaand

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TECHNOVA PRINTERSC–57-58 Focal Point, Extension,Jalandhar.

Modern’s abc of Physics has been brought out for Class XII of Senior Secondary CertificateExamination of C.B.S.E. and School Education Boards of other Indian States. It is really hearteningand satisfying for the author that the new features of the book earned a great appreciation from boththe students and the learned colleagues of various schools and colleges. The present edition hasbeen according to the new syllabus provided by Central Board of Secondary Education, New Delhi.Further the matter has been revised with a view to eliminate the printing errors, which might havecrept in inadvertantly. The Solved and Unsolved Numerical Problems, Very Short AnswerQuestions and Short Answer Questions have been rearranged and updated by incorporating theones set in various Board Examinations. The solutions and answers to numerical problems havebeen carefully checked in the present edition.

Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) forms a new feature of the present edition of thebook. It covers Conceptual Short Answer Questions, Typical Numerical Problems andapplication based question set in Cambridge examinations.

and

In each chapter, , and have been provided so as to enable thestudents to answer Very Short Answer, Short Answer Question and to solve typical NumericalProblems.

Concepts Tips Tools (CT & T)

Fully solved C.B.S.E. Board Examination Papers 2014 (both Delhi & All India) have beenappended to make students visulize the pattern of questions to be asked in the examinations.Fully solved A.I.P.M.T., J.E.E. Mains, J.E.E. Advanced (Papers I & II) have been provided togive students a close feel of such Competitive Examinations.

The book contains andat the end of each unit of the book.

fully solved N.C.E.R.T. Textual questions N.C.E.R.T. ExemplarProblemsAs per the National Curriculum Framework (NCF), in tune with thoseset in C.B.S.E. Examinations , have also been incorporated in the present edition.

Value Based Questionstill 2014

Multiple Choice Questions

Assertion & Reasoning TypeQuestions

set in various competitive examinations, such as C.B.S.E.,(Preliminary & Mains) A.I.I.M.S., A.F.M.C., C.P.M.T., A.I.E.E.E., M.N.R., I.I.T., etc., coveredin the book. Hints/ Solutions have been provided to Multiple Choice Questions set inC.B.S.E and A.I.E.E.E. Examinations. Apart from this,

have been incorporated in the book for the students preparing for A.I.I.M.S.Examinations.

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Window to Formula forms a new feature of the present edition. It contains a direct andsimple formula based Numerical Problem, which will tell the students as to how theformula derived in an article is to be used to solve the problem.

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To

My Grand Children

Iha & Ahan

To

My Grand Children

Iha & Ahan

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UNIT–I : ELECTROSTATICS

UNIT–II : CURRENT ELECTRICITY

UNIT–III : MAGNETIC EFFECTS OF CURRENTAND MAGNETISM

PERIODS 22

PERIODS 20

PERIODS 22

Electric Charge and their conservation. Coulomb’s law-force between two point charges, force betweenmultiple charges; superposition principle and continuous charge distribution.Electric field, electric field due to a point charge, electric field lines; electric dipole, electric field due to adipole; torque on a dipole in a uniform electric field.Electric flux, statement of Gauss’ theorem and its applications to find field due to infinitely long straightwire, uniformly charged infinite plane sheet and uniformly charged thin spherical shell (field inside andoutside).Electric potential, potential difference, electric potential due to a point charge, a dipole and system ofcharges; equipotential surfaces, electrical potential energy of a system of two point charges, a dipole andsystem of charges; equipotential surfaces, electrical potential energy of a system of two point chargesand of electric dipoles in an electrostatic field.Conductors and insulators, free charges and bound charges inside a conductor. Dielectrics and electricpolarisation, capacitors and capacitance, combination of capacitors in series and in parallel, capacitanceof a parallel plate capacitor with and without dielectric medium between the plates, energy stored in acapacitor, Van de Graaff generator.

Electric current, flow of electric charges in a metallic conductor, drift velocity and mobility and theirrelation with electric current; Ohm’s law, electrical resistance, V-I characteristics (linear and non-linear),electrical energy and power, electrical resistivity and conductivity. Carbon resistors, colour code forcarbon resistors; series and parallel combinations of resistors; temperature dependence of resistance.Internal resistance of a cell, potential difference and e.m.f. of a cell, combination of cells in series and inparallel.Kirchhoff’s laws and simple applications. Wheatstone bridge, metre bridge. Potentiometer-principle andapplications to measure potential difference, and for comparing e.m.f. of two cells; measurement ofinternal resistance of a cell.

Concept of magnetic field, Oersted’s experiment.Biot-Savart’s law and its application to current carrying circular loop. Ampere’s law and its applications toinfinitely long straight wire, straight and toroidal solenoids. Force on a moving charge in uniformmagnetic and electric fields. Cyclotron.Force on a current-carrying conductor in a uniform magnetic field. Force between two parallel current-carrying conductors-definition of ampere. Torque experienced by a current loop in a magnetic field;moving coil galvanometer-its current sensitivity and conversion to ammeter and voltmeter.Current loop as a magnetic dipole and its magnetic dipole moment. Magnetic dipole moment of a

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revolving electron. Magnetic field intensity due to a magnetic dipole (bar magnet) along its axis andperpendicular to its axis. Torque on a magnetic dipole (bar magnet) in a uniform magnetic field; barmagnet as an quivalent solenoid, magnetic field lines; Earth’s magnetic field and magnetic elements.Para-, dia- and ferro-magnetic substances with examples. Electromagnets and factors affecting theirstrengths. Permanent magnets.

Electromagnetic induction; Faraday’s law, induced e.m.f. and current; Lenz’s law, Eddy currents. Selfand mutual inductance.Alternating currents, peak and r.m.s. value of alternating current/voltage; reactance and impedance; LCoscillations (qualitative treatment only), LCR series circuit, resonance; power in a.c. circuits wattlesscurrent, a.c. generator and transformer.

Need for displacement current. Electromagnetic waves and their characteristics (qualitative ideas only).Transverse nature of electromagnetic waves.Electromagnetic spectrum (radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, X-rays, gamma rays)including elementary facts about their uses.

Reflection of light, spherical mirrors, mirror formula. Refraction of light, total internal reflection andapplications, optical fibres, refraction at spherical surfaces, lenses, thin lens formula, lens-maker’sformula. Magnification, power of a lens, combination of thin lenses in contact, combination of a lens andmirror. Refraction and dispersion of light through a prism.Scattering of light-blue colour of the sky and reddish appearance of the sun at sunrise and sunset.Optical instruments : Microscopes and astronomical telescopes (reflecting and refracting) and theirmagnifying powers.Wave optics : Wave front and Huygens’ principle, reflection and refraction of plane wave at a planesurface using wave fronts. Proof of laws of reflection and refraction using Huygen’s principle.Interference, Young’s double slit experiment and expression for fringe width, coherent sources andsustained interference of light. Diffraction due to a single slit, width of central maximum. Resolving powerof microscopes and astronomical telescopes. Polarisation, plane polarised light; Brewster’s law, uses ofplane polarised light and polaroids.

Dual nature of radiation. Photoelectric effect, Hertz and Lenard’s observations; Einstein’s photoelectricequation-particle nature of light.Matter waves–wave nature of particles, de Broglie relation. Davisson-Germer experiment.

Alpha-particle scattering experiment; Rutherford’s model of atom; Bohr model, energy levels, hydrogenspectrum.Composition and size of nucleus, atomic masses, isotopes, isobars; isotones. Radioactivity–alpha, betaand gamma particles/rays and their properties; radioactive decay law. Mass-energy relation, massdefect; binding energy per nucleon and its variation with mass number; nuclear fission and fusion.

Energy bands in solids (qualitative) conductors, insulators and semiconductors; semiconductor diode-I V characteristics in forward and reverse bias, diode as a rectifier; I–V characteristics of LED,photodiode, solar cell, and Zener diode; Zener diode as a voltage regulator. Junction transistor,transistor action, characteristics of a transistor; transistor as an amplifier (common emitter configuration)and oscillator. Logic gates (OR,AND, NOT, NAND and NOR). Transistor as a switch.

Element of a communication system (block diagram only); bandwidth of signals, (speech, TV and digitaldata); bandwidth of transmission medium. Propagation of electromagnetic waves in the atmosphere,sky and space wave propagation. Need for modulation. Production and detection of an amplitude-modulated wave. Basic ideas about internet, mobile telephony and global positioning system (GPS).

PERIODS 20

PERIODS 4

PERIOD 25

PERIODS 8

PERIODS 14

PERIODS 15

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PERIODS 10

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UNIT–IV : ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTIONANDALTERNATING CURRENTS

UNIT –V : ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES

UNIT–VI : OPTICS

UNIT VII : DUAL NATURE OF MATTERAND RADIATION

UNIT VIII :ATOMSAND NUCLEI

UNIT IX : ELECTRONIC DEVICES

UNIT X : COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

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UNIT I. ELECTROSTATICS

UNIT II. CURRENT ELECTRICITY

UNIT III. MAGNETIC EFFECTS OF CURRENT AND MAGNETISM

1 – 2948

39 – 7273

101152

246 – 294

297 – 373374 – 423

469 – 509510 – 539540 – 587588 – 631

– 100

– 223224 – 240

424 – 429

433 – 466

632 – 659660 – 671

295 – 466

467 – 717

1. 3 – 32.3.4.5.

1.2.

1.2.3.4.

– 151

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Revision at a GlanceA.I.E.E.E. Entrance ExaminationC.B.S.E. (Preliminary & Mains) Entrance ExaminationA.I.I.M.S. Entrance ExaminationA.F.M.C. Entrance ExaminationI.I.T. Entrance ExaminationAdditional Multiple Choice Questions

Revision at a GlanceA.I.E.E.E. Entrance ExaminationC.B.S.E. (Preliminary & Mains) Entrance ExaminationA.I.I.M.S. Entrance ExaminationA.F.M.C. Entrance ExaminationI.I.T. Entrance ExaminationAdditional Multiple Choice Questions

Revision at a GlanceA.I.E.E.E. Entrance ExaminationC.B.S.E. (Preliminary & Mains) Entrance ExaminationA.I.I.M.S. Entrance ExaminationA.F.M.C. Entrance ExaminationI.I.T. Entrance ExaminationAdditional Multiple Choice Questions

246 – 254255 – 262263 – 275275 – 280280 – 283283 – 288288 – 294

433 – 436437 – 443443 – 451451 – 454454 – 457457 – 460460 – 466

676 – 684685 – 690691 – 701701 – 705705 – 708708 – 711712 – 717

Coulomb’s LawElectric FieldGauss’ TheoremElectric PotentialCapacitor

Electric Current, Resistance and E.M.F.Electrical Measurements

Magnetic Effects of CurrentForce on a ChargeForce on a CurrentMagnetic Dipole and Earth’s MagnetismClassification of Magnetic Materials

NCERT Textual Questions

NCERT Textual Questions

NCERT Textual Questions

NCERT Exemplar Problems

NCERT Exemplar Problems

NCERT Exemplar Problems

241 – 245

430 – 432

672 – 675

Competitive Examination File

Competitive Examination File

Competitive Examination File 676 717

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Moderns ABC Plus Of Physics Class 12Part-I

Publisher : MBD GroupPublishers

ISBN : 9789351841241 Author : Satish K. Gupta

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