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Atomic Theory

Atomic Theory. Let’s Take a Trip Through Time! Our Contestant Models Are…

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Page 1: Atomic Theory. Let’s Take a Trip Through Time! Our Contestant Models Are…

Atomic Theory

Page 2: Atomic Theory. Let’s Take a Trip Through Time! Our Contestant Models Are…

Let’s Take a Trip Through Time!

Page 3: Atomic Theory. Let’s Take a Trip Through Time! Our Contestant Models Are…

Our Contestant Models Are…

Page 4: Atomic Theory. Let’s Take a Trip Through Time! Our Contestant Models Are…

Our Contestant Models Are…

Page 5: Atomic Theory. Let’s Take a Trip Through Time! Our Contestant Models Are…

Our Contestant Models Are…

Page 8: Atomic Theory. Let’s Take a Trip Through Time! Our Contestant Models Are…

Our Contestant Models Are…

Page 9: Atomic Theory. Let’s Take a Trip Through Time! Our Contestant Models Are…

Atomic Theories Timeline

Name Democritus Dalton Thomson Rutherford Bohr Schrödinger

Heisenberg

Time Frame

Key Points

Candy

Model

Page 10: Atomic Theory. Let’s Take a Trip Through Time! Our Contestant Models Are…

Democritus460 – 370 B.C.

• There are various basic elements from which all matter is made

• Everything is composed of small atoms moving in a void

• Some atoms are round, pointy, oily, have hooks, etc. to account for their properties

• Ideas rejected by leading philosophers because void = no existence

Page 11: Atomic Theory. Let’s Take a Trip Through Time! Our Contestant Models Are…

First Concept of an Atom

Pick a Sweet!

Page 12: Atomic Theory. Let’s Take a Trip Through Time! Our Contestant Models Are…

John Dalton1766-1844

• Introduced his ideas in 1803• Each element is composed of

extremely small particles called atoms

• All the atoms of a given element are identical, but they differ from those of any other element

• Atoms are neither created nor destroyed in any chemical reaction

• A given compound always has the same relative numbers and kinds of atoms

Page 13: Atomic Theory. Let’s Take a Trip Through Time! Our Contestant Models Are…

Dalton’s Model

Pick a Sweet !

Page 14: Atomic Theory. Let’s Take a Trip Through Time! Our Contestant Models Are…

J.J. Thomson1856-1940

• Discovered electron 1897 – Cathode Ray Experiment

• Plum Pudding model 1904– Electrons in a soup of

positive charges

• Discovered isotopes 1913

Page 15: Atomic Theory. Let’s Take a Trip Through Time! Our Contestant Models Are…

JJ Thomson’s Ideas

Page 16: Atomic Theory. Let’s Take a Trip Through Time! Our Contestant Models Are…

Cathode Ray Tube Experiment

http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072512644/student_view0/chapter2/animations_center.html#

Page 17: Atomic Theory. Let’s Take a Trip Through Time! Our Contestant Models Are…

Plum Pudding Model

Pick a Sweet!

Page 18: Atomic Theory. Let’s Take a Trip Through Time! Our Contestant Models Are…

Ernest Rutherford1871-1937

• Nucleus Theory 1910– alpha particle gold foil

experiment

• An atom’s mass is mostly in the nucleus

• The nucleus has a positive charge (Moseley)

• Electrons in fixed orbit• http://www.math.ubc.ca/~cass/ruth

erford/rutherford672.html

Page 19: Atomic Theory. Let’s Take a Trip Through Time! Our Contestant Models Are…

Alpha Particle Experiment

http://www.mhhe.com/physsci/chemistry/essentialchemistry/flash/ruther14.swf

Page 21: Atomic Theory. Let’s Take a Trip Through Time! Our Contestant Models Are…

Niels Bohr1885-1962

• Planetary Model 1913– Nucleus surrounded by

orbiting electrons at different energy levels

– Electrons have definite orbits

• Utilized Planck’s Quantum Energy theory

• Worked on the Manhattan Project (US atomic bomb)

Page 23: Atomic Theory. Let’s Take a Trip Through Time! Our Contestant Models Are…

Bohr Model for Nitrogen

Pick A Sweet!

Page 24: Atomic Theory. Let’s Take a Trip Through Time! Our Contestant Models Are…

Ernst Schrödinger 1887-1961

• Quantum Mechanical Model 1926– Electrons are in

probability zones called “orbitals”, not orbits and the location cannot be pinpointed

– Electrons are particles and waves at the same time

– Developed quantum numbers based on theories of Einstein and Planck

Werner Heisenberg 1901-1976

Page 25: Atomic Theory. Let’s Take a Trip Through Time! Our Contestant Models Are…

Orbitals

Page 26: Atomic Theory. Let’s Take a Trip Through Time! Our Contestant Models Are…

Quantum Mechanical TheoryElectron in a Hydrogen atom

Pick A Sweet!

Page 27: Atomic Theory. Let’s Take a Trip Through Time! Our Contestant Models Are…

Quantum Mechanical Modelvs. Bohr Model

Not Bohring at all!

Page 28: Atomic Theory. Let’s Take a Trip Through Time! Our Contestant Models Are…

Seeing Is Believing

Actual pentacene molecule

Page 29: Atomic Theory. Let’s Take a Trip Through Time! Our Contestant Models Are…

400 BC 1803 1904 1910 1913 1926

Niels Bohr

J J Thomson

Democritus

John Dalton

Schroedinger / Heisenberg

Ernest Rutherford

Atomic Theory

Page 30: Atomic Theory. Let’s Take a Trip Through Time! Our Contestant Models Are…

My Candy Analogy Choices

Democritus = Gummi bears

Dalton = gumballs

Thomson = chocolate chip cookie

Rutherford = Tootsie Pop

Bohr = gobstoppers

Schrodinger/Heisenberg = Ferrero Rocher

You don’t agree? Let’s discuss it…

Page 31: Atomic Theory. Let’s Take a Trip Through Time! Our Contestant Models Are…

Next Atomic Theory

Which one of you will develop a better theory and win the Nobel Prize?