Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Tip Sheet

1 http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/adhd/facts.html 2 http://www.healthcentral.com/adhd/drug-information.html Bloom B, Cohen RA. Summary Health Statistics for U.S. Children: National Health Interview Survey, 2006. National Center for Health Statistics. Vital Health Stat 10(234). 2007 Langberg, Joshua M, et al. "Assessing children with ADHD in primary care settings." Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics 8.4 (2008) 3 American Academy of Pediatrics. Clinical practice guideline: diagnosis and evaluation of the child with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Pediatrics 105, 1158-1170 (2000).

ADHD Since 2006, 4.5 million Children between the ages of 5-17 received a diagnosis of Attention Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Bloom, Cohen, (2007). A national epidemiological study found the prevalence of ADHD with the predominantly inattentive type at 8.7%, 2.2% combined, and 2.0% predominantly hyperactive- impulsive type, Langberg, Joshua M, et al (2008). Types

There are three different types of ADHD, depending on which symptoms are strongest in the individual:

• Predominantly Inattentive Type: It is hard for the individual to organize or finish a task, to pay attention to details, or to follow instructions or conversations. The person is easily distracted or forgets details of daily routines.

• Predominantly Hyperactive-Impulsive Type: The person fidgets and talks a lot. It is hard to sit still for long (e.g., for a meal or while doing homework). Smaller children may run, jump or climb constantly. The individual feels restless and has trouble with impulsivity. Someone who is impulsive may interrupt others a lot, grab things from people, or speak at inappropriate times. It is hard for the person to wait their turn or listen to directions. A person with impulsiveness may have more accidents and injuries than others.

• Combined Type: Symptoms of the above two types are equally present in the person. http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/adhd/facts.html

Possible Symptoms • have a hard time paying attention and

daydream a lot • not seem to listen

• be easily distracted from schoolwork or play

• forget things • be in constant motion or unable to stay

seated • squirm or fidget • talk too much • not be able to play quietly • act and speak without thinking • have trouble taking turns • interrupt others Diagnosis

There is not a single test to diagnose ADHD; consequently the ADHD diagnostic process requires obtaining information from multiple sources. A medical exam including a hearing and vision test should take place at the beginning of the process. Taking a history about the child from the parents, teachers, and possibly the child should also be included in the process. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) issued practice guidelines related to ADHD assessment and treatment 3. Co-Morbidities Learning & Cognitive disabilities, oppositional defiant & conduct disorder, anxiety disorder, depressive disorder, and bipolar disorder are neurobehavioral disorders that should be considered in the ADHD diagnostic process. It should be determined whether the presence of another neurobehavioral disorder is causing the ADHD symptoms to manifest or if the disorder is co-morbid with ADHD, Langberg, Joshua M, et al (2008).

Treatments ADHD is treated with a combination of medications and behavioral therapy. Close monitoring and follow-ups are part of the treatment plan. ADHD Medications2 • Adderall, Adderall XR • Concerta Oral

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Tip Sheet

1 http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/adhd/facts.html 2 http://www.healthcentral.com/adhd/drug-information.html Bloom B, Cohen RA. Summary Health Statistics for U.S. Children: National Health Interview Survey, 2006. National Center for Health Statistics. Vital Health Stat 10(234). 2007 Langberg, Joshua M, et al. "Assessing children with ADHD in primary care settings." Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics 8.4 (2008) 3 American Academy of Pediatrics. Clinical practice guideline: diagnosis and evaluation of the child with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Pediatrics 105, 1158-1170 (2000).

• Daytrana TD • Desoxyn Oral • Dexedrine Oral • DextroStat Oral • Focalin Oral • Focalin XR Oral • Intuniv ER Oral • Intuniv Oral • Metadate Oral • Methylin Oral • Ritalin LA Oral • Ritalin Oral • Ritalin SR Oral • Strattera Oral • Vyvanse Oral