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AUDIO-SOUND AUDIO-SOUND Hearing Hearing Listening Listening

AUDIO-SOUND HearingListening. AESTHETICS Realism –Illusion of reality to support the visuals Modernism –Sound independent of visuals Post Modernism

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Page 1: AUDIO-SOUND HearingListening. AESTHETICS  Realism –Illusion of reality to support the visuals  Modernism –Sound independent of visuals  Post Modernism

AUDIO-SOUNDAUDIO-SOUND

HearingHearing

ListeningListening

Page 2: AUDIO-SOUND HearingListening. AESTHETICS  Realism –Illusion of reality to support the visuals  Modernism –Sound independent of visuals  Post Modernism

AESTHETICSAESTHETICS RealismRealism– Illusion of reality to support the visualsIllusion of reality to support the visuals

ModernismModernism– Sound independent of visualsSound independent of visuals

Post ModernismPost Modernism– Emphasizes listener participation to Emphasizes listener participation to

raise emotionsraise emotions

Page 3: AUDIO-SOUND HearingListening. AESTHETICS  Realism –Illusion of reality to support the visuals  Modernism –Sound independent of visuals  Post Modernism

TYPES OF MICSTYPES OF MICS TransducerTransducer– Converts sound to electronicsConverts sound to electronics– Vibration of air against surfaceVibration of air against surface

DynamicDynamic RibbonRibbon Condenser (Electret)Condenser (Electret) Digital (still analog)Digital (still analog)

Page 4: AUDIO-SOUND HearingListening. AESTHETICS  Realism –Illusion of reality to support the visuals  Modernism –Sound independent of visuals  Post Modernism

PICK UP PATTERNSPICK UP PATTERNS Omni-directionalOmni-directional Bi-directionalBi-directional UnidirectionalUnidirectional CardiodCardiod Super cardiodSuper cardiod

Page 5: AUDIO-SOUND HearingListening. AESTHETICS  Realism –Illusion of reality to support the visuals  Modernism –Sound independent of visuals  Post Modernism

MIC PLACEMENTMIC PLACEMENT On-cameraOn-camera– Hand-heldHand-held– Desk/floor standDesk/floor stand– Lavaliere-lapelLavaliere-lapel

Off-cameraOff-camera– BoomBoom

Fishpole, Giraffe, PerambulatorFishpole, Giraffe, Perambulator

– HiddenHidden Body, hanging, propBody, hanging, prop

Page 6: AUDIO-SOUND HearingListening. AESTHETICS  Realism –Illusion of reality to support the visuals  Modernism –Sound independent of visuals  Post Modernism

MIC SELECTIONMIC SELECTION Pickup patternPickup pattern Hidden-visibleHidden-visible Close-distantClose-distant Quality vs. expenseQuality vs. expense TransducerTransducer

Page 7: AUDIO-SOUND HearingListening. AESTHETICS  Realism –Illusion of reality to support the visuals  Modernism –Sound independent of visuals  Post Modernism

BEYOND MONAURALBEYOND MONAURAL Multiple micsMultiple mics– Close Close – PhasingPhasing

3 X rule p. 1643 X rule p. 164

– MixerMixer StereoStereo– Multiple mics or special micsMultiple mics or special mics

Surround or 5.1 or ???Surround or 5.1 or ???

Page 8: AUDIO-SOUND HearingListening. AESTHETICS  Realism –Illusion of reality to support the visuals  Modernism –Sound independent of visuals  Post Modernism

SOUND CONTROLSOUND CONTROL NoiseNoise– Unwanted added soundUnwanted added sound– Too low levelToo low level– Signal-to-noise ratioSignal-to-noise ratio p. 167p. 167– Ambient noiseAmbient noise– System noiseSystem noise

DistortionDistortion– Unwanted changes in soundUnwanted changes in sound– Too high levelToo high level

Page 9: AUDIO-SOUND HearingListening. AESTHETICS  Realism –Illusion of reality to support the visuals  Modernism –Sound independent of visuals  Post Modernism

MEASUREMENTMEASUREMENT Volume-intensity-loudnessVolume-intensity-loudness MetersMeters– Volume Units (VU) (average)Volume Units (VU) (average)– Peak Program Meter (PPM) (Peak)Peak Program Meter (PPM) (Peak)– Calibrated in dBs & % of distortion levelCalibrated in dBs & % of distortion level

LightsLights– Peak flashingPeak flashing– Light Emitting Diodes (LED)Light Emitting Diodes (LED)

Automatic: AGC, ALCAutomatic: AGC, ALC

Page 10: AUDIO-SOUND HearingListening. AESTHETICS  Realism –Illusion of reality to support the visuals  Modernism –Sound independent of visuals  Post Modernism

CABLESCABLES Professional- 2 + shieldProfessional- 2 + shield Amateur - 1+ shieldAmateur - 1+ shield AvoidAvoid– Power lines (cross at right angle)Power lines (cross at right angle)– Long linesLong lines– Coiled cableCoiled cable

Proper handlingProper handling– Over-under coilingOver-under coiling– Don’t step on cablesDon’t step on cables

Page 11: AUDIO-SOUND HearingListening. AESTHETICS  Realism –Illusion of reality to support the visuals  Modernism –Sound independent of visuals  Post Modernism

CONNECTORS-PLUGSCONNECTORS-PLUGS AudioAudio– XLR, XLR, – 1/4” (phone), 1/4” (phone), – RCA (phono),RCA (phono),– Mini (1/8”0Mini (1/8”0

VideoVideo– BNCBNC– RF (F)RF (F)

Page 12: AUDIO-SOUND HearingListening. AESTHETICS  Realism –Illusion of reality to support the visuals  Modernism –Sound independent of visuals  Post Modernism

MIXINGMIXING Console-mixer-boardConsole-mixer-board Three stagesThree stages– Input-mixing-outputInput-mixing-output

Controls-fadersControls-faders Pre-amplifiersPre-amplifiers AmplifiersAmplifiers DistributionDistribution Monitors,meteringMonitors,metering

Page 13: AUDIO-SOUND HearingListening. AESTHETICS  Realism –Illusion of reality to support the visuals  Modernism –Sound independent of visuals  Post Modernism

LEVELSLEVELS LowLow– Mics, turntablesMics, turntables

LineLine– Deck outputs (CD, R-Dat, Tapes)Deck outputs (CD, R-Dat, Tapes)

HighHigh– Speaker, headphonesSpeaker, headphones

Page 14: AUDIO-SOUND HearingListening. AESTHETICS  Realism –Illusion of reality to support the visuals  Modernism –Sound independent of visuals  Post Modernism

SETTING LEVELSSETTING LEVELS One at a timeOne at a time 80% as starting point80% as starting point Keep out of the “mud”Keep out of the “mud” Keep below distortionKeep below distortion Head roomHead room

Page 15: AUDIO-SOUND HearingListening. AESTHETICS  Realism –Illusion of reality to support the visuals  Modernism –Sound independent of visuals  Post Modernism

COMMANDSCOMMANDS Fade (in or out)Fade (in or out) SegueSegue Cross fadeCross fade CutCut OpenOpen Sound up and under (bed)Sound up and under (bed) BacktimeBacktime

Page 16: AUDIO-SOUND HearingListening. AESTHETICS  Realism –Illusion of reality to support the visuals  Modernism –Sound independent of visuals  Post Modernism

SOUND PERSPECTIVESOUND PERSPECTIVE Alone- self-explanatoryAlone- self-explanatory Match visuals or counterpointMatch visuals or counterpoint Stereo is not realStereo is not real Surround, 5.1 moves toward realismSurround, 5.1 moves toward realism

Page 17: AUDIO-SOUND HearingListening. AESTHETICS  Realism –Illusion of reality to support the visuals  Modernism –Sound independent of visuals  Post Modernism

DIGITALDIGITAL

Digital Audio Workstations (DAW)Digital Audio Workstations (DAW)– Can replace entire control roomCan replace entire control room– Any PC/Mac with audio cardAny PC/Mac with audio card

Audio in and audio out always analogAudio in and audio out always analog