BATCH: 7DENNIS AJAYCHAND 08J41A0402LIJO JOHN 08J41A0427MERVYN MICHAEL 08J41A0429

*DESIGN OF AUTOMATIC MULTIPLE PARKING SYSTEM FOR NON HOLONOMIC ROBOTS

*AIMThe main aim of our project is to design an efficient parking system for automobiles without any human interference.

*EXISTING TECHNOLOGYExisting technologies employ a large number of sensors and cameras for

space detection and require manual control for parking, as it only warns the driver of any obstacles. Hence it is only a semi-automatic system.

*EDGE OVER EXISTING SYSTEMS

*Completely automatic

*Less complex

*Cost effective

*ZERO damage

*Reduction in effort

*MODES IN OUR DESIGN

We developed an automatic parking system in three different parking modes.*Forward Parking*Backward Parking*Parallel Parking

*BLOCK DIAGRAM

*ATmega644 MICROCONTROLLERHigh-performance, Low-power Atmel AVR

8-bit Microcontroller.40-pin PDIP.32 x 8 general purpose registers.64K Bytes of In-System Self-programmable Flash program memory.

On-chip, 8 channel, 10bit ADC.Two 8bit timer/counters, one 16 bit timer/counter.

*PIN DESCRIPTION

*L293D MOTOR DRIVER

This Device is a monolithic integrated high voltage, high current four channel driver.It works at a voltage of 12 V.It is specifically designed to accept standard DTL or TTL logic levels .It is capable of driving inductive loads such as relays, DC motors and stepping motors.

*PIN DESCRIPTIONIt has 4 input pins and 4 output pins.

The motor is interfaced with the microcontroller using this device.

The direction of the DC motors depends on the input to the motor driver from the microcontroller.

*ULTRASONIC SENSORS*Ultrasonic sensors are devices that use electrical–

mechanical energy transformation, the mechanical energy being in the form of ultrasonic waves, to measure distance from the sensor to the target object.*Ultrasonic sensor consists of two units, namely the transmitter unit and receiver unit. Transmitter and receiver unit structure is simple; a piezoelectric crystal is connected with mechanical anchors and only connected with the diaphragm vibrator.

Module Working Principle:

Adopts I/O trigger by supplying at least 10us sequence of high level signals.

The module automatically sends eight 40khz square waves and automatically detects if it receives the returning pulse signal.

If there are signals returning, time is measured between transmission and reception of the signals.

Test distance = (time * sound velocity (340m/s) / 2

*SCHEMATIC

*SOFTWARES

The following are the softwares we used in our project.Proteus Professional v7.6KiCadAVR Studio 5.0

*Proteus Professional v7.6

It is a tool which is used for entering designs and verifying the output before executing it on a hardware level.It has over 8000 analogue and digital modules.It is compatible with many compilers like AVR , Keil etc.

*KiCad

THE DESIGN OF OUR PROJECT IN KICAD

*AVR Studio 5.0It is compatible with all the 8-32 bit microcontrollers from the Atmel family.

It has several number of libraries compatible with several microcontrollers which helps us execute multiple functions.

It has an integrated C compiler with a tool chain that optimizes for size which helps us to use multiple header files and write codes for multiple purposes.

*SOURCE CODE

FORWARD PARKING

BACKWARD PARKING

PARALLEL PARKING

*FORWARD PARKING

Forward mode of parking is a necessity when it comes to parking in city malls and parking buildings.

*BACKWARD PARKING

Backward mode of parking is a mode which is widely used and most preferred by a driver.

*PARALLEL PARKING

Parallel parking is one of the most difficult tasks to execute manually.It is most commonly used in the parking lots of an Airport.

*PRACTICAL IMPLEMENTATIONTo implement this technology on real-time cars, the

following changes have to be made:

A rotary encoder has to be used for creating algorithms that will enable the determined degree of turning of the car.

A servo motor has to be used to take values from the rotary encoder and control the steering of the car.

ROTARY ENCODER

SERVO MOTOR

*ADVANTAGESIt is a completely automatic and independent system.

It can park in any mode depending on the amount of space available at a specified area.

It has a Zero damage advantage for the vehicle.

As our system depends on precisely coded values it gives the highest possible efficiency.

It is a cost efficient system.

*DISADVANTAGES

The mechanical application for an automatic gear system is complicated.

For every unique design of a car with varying physical properties we need to vary the time delay in the code.

*FUTURE SCOPEWe can install Infrared modules to provide wireless control of parking mode.

Voice recognition mechanisms can be installed to control the modes of parking through speech.

We can reverse this same code and develop a system for automatic parking release.

We can use image processing by installing four cameras which can understand a NO PARKING symbol or a PARKING FULL symbol to make it fully automatic.

*SUMMARYSo, by using only three ultrasonic sensors and an algorithm we developed an efficient parking system without any human interference.

Since it is completely automatic, complete damage control is assured.

The prototype model is completely functional and successfully developed.

*THANK YOU