Basic Democracy

Our class is going on a field trip to a restaurant!

Rules: We will choose one restaurant. Everyone must agree on which one restaurant

to go to. First you will read restaurant reviews and vote

on your top two choices. Then, you will have time to discuss and come to

a decision as a class.

Techniques

Deliberation

Negotiation

Debrief

How and why did students differ in their original opinions?

How was deliberation used, and how important was it in the decision?

How was negotiation used, and how important was it in the decision?

How was a decision finally made?

Debrief

Why did the minority agree to go along with the majority?

How do you feel about the process and decision? Was the process fair? Was the decision fair?

What are the challenges of working an issue out democratically? The benefits?

Struggles for Democracy

Journal #47

Silent Definition: Get into groups of four or five with those sitting

near you. Pass around your paper (I will tell you when to

pass) and use words, phrases, pictures, and cartoons to answer this question:

What is democracy?

Groups will present in order to make a class working definition of democracy.

Class definition of democracy

Essential Question: What are the challenges of traditional Western democratic values taking hold in other regions of the world?

Why do so many people want democracy?

What rights are necessary for a government to be democratic?

How do citizens participate in a democracy?

Democracy Defined

Government by the people

Direct democracy is not practical

More than a form of government Way of life An ideal goal A process that takes years “A work in progress”

Democracy as a goal

Can one nation force another nation to become democratic? No: Democratization is an organic (natural)

process Yes: With enough financial and human

resources, it might be possible.

Making Democracy Work

Common practices Free elections Citizen participation Majority rule, minority rights Constitutional government

Create this chart in your notes

Copy definition and then give an example (or non-example) about how the practice is shown in American democracy.

Common Practice Definition/American Example

Free Elections

Citizen Participation

Majority rule, minority rights

Constitutional Gov’t.

Conditions that Foster Democracy

Free elections Having more than one political party Universal suffrage—all adult citizens can vote

Conditions that Foster Democracy

Citizen Participation High levels of education and literacy Economic security Freedoms of speech, press, assembly

Conditions that Foster Democracy

Majority rule, minority rights All citizens equal before the law Shared national identity Protection of such individual rights as freedom

of religion Representatives elected by citizens to carry out

their will

Conditions that Foster Democracy

Constitutional Government Clear body of traditions and laws on which

government is based Widespread education about how government

works National acceptance of majority decisions Shared belief that no one is above the law

Democracy Report Card

For each of the countries in Chapter 19, you are going to assess how well it has succeeded at establishing a democracy.

You will be “grading” your country according to the criteria of a democracy.

How close has each nation come to achieving democracy?

Journal #48

Where and when do you think this photograph was taken? (hint: 19-2) What are some examples of segregation (separation based on race) in modern history?

Apartheid in South Africa

National Party made up of Afrikaners (white Dutch settlers) came into power in 1948

Started apartheid, complete separation of the races

Whites had complete control of government, land, school, and voting (black Africans could not vote)

Opposition from the African National Congress (ANC)

Apartheid

Read the handouts “Quick Guide to Apartheid” and “Apartheid in Practice.”

Based on American values, what do you find most upsetting? Why?

How would you feel living under these restrictions?

How did conditions compare to the treatment of African Americans in the US?

End of Apartheid

Nelson Mandela, ANC leader, was put in prison for 27 years

F.W. de Klerk became president in 1989

Released Mandela, ended apartheid, and gave all South Africans the right to vote

1994: First free elections, Mandela became president

Nelson Mandela

Voting Line

Primary Source

In your books on pg. R61, read the excerpt of Mandela’s inaugural address.

Then, answer in your notes:

What is Mandela’s vision of South Africa’s future?

How do you think he feels about the white population in South Africa? What are the clues from the speech?

Journal #49

What do you know about modern day China?

Terms for today’s lesson

1989: A major year for democracy

Tiananmen Square: June 4, 1989 Student uprising for democracy that led to a

government crackdown and massacre

Economic freedoms, but no political freedoms: Situation in modern day China

The Tank Man

Who was the “Tank Man”? Why is he famous and what does he represent?

Describe the “Two Chinas.”

How did the college students react to the Tank Man photograph? Why?

How does an internet search of Tiananmen Square differ in the US and China? Why?

Censorship Activity

Read the article.

Censor the article by blacking out any parts of the article the Chinese government would not want their people to read.

Answer the two questions on your handout.

1989: End of Communism in Eastern

Europe Started in Poland:

Solidarity: Labor union Lech Walesa: Solidarity leader 1989: Walesa democratically elected president

Protests lead to freedom in Czechoslovakia and Hungary

Germany: 1989: Fall of the Berlin Wall 1990: East and West Germany united

Berlin Wall Viewing Questions

28:25/46:30

1. Why does the wall fall due to a “mistake”?

2. What did the German people do when they heard the announcement?

Journal #50

How does Tiananmen Square compare with the fall of the Berlin Wall? What is one similarity and one difference?

End of the Cold War

We’re here! The Cold War ends in 1991 with the breakup of the Soviet Union

How and why did this happen?

Starting with Gorbachev…

Mikhail Gorbachev

Last Soviet leader

Gorbachev’s Reforms

Glastnost (1985): “Openness” Freedom of information and ideas New freedoms of speech, press Release of political prisoners

Perestroika (1985): “Economic restructuring” People had more control over farms, factories Allowed to open small businesses

More democratic rights, freer elections

Viewing Questions

1:54-2:15 and My Perestroika

As you watch the film clip, write in your journals what consequences you see of Gorbachev’s reforms.

Gorbachev’s Foreign Policy

Worked with Reagan to end arms race

Consequences: Map on pg. 615

Parts of the Soviet Union demanded their freedom and broke up into 15 separate countries

Coup against Gorbachev failed, ending the power of the Communist Party

Boris Yeltsin elected president of Russia; Soviet Union turned into the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS)

“Shock Therapy”: Shift from Communism to free markets