Benefits of Early Detection and Identification

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Importance of Early Detection and

Identification for Differently Able

By

Manisha Verma

Asha School Danapur


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What Is Early Identification andDetection?


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Identification-Recognitionof Condition


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Early

Means In the Course of Childs problem


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What Do Statistics Say?


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Nature and Nurture


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Etiological Factors of Disability Pre-natal

Genetic

Developmental Malformation

Maternal Age

Drugs/Medicines/Radiation etc

Peri-natal

Low birth Weight\Pre-Maturity Trauma during Labor

Asphyxia etc

Post-natal

Infections(Poliomyelitis, tuberculosis, meningitis,

encephalitis)

Accidents

Malnutrition

Environmental factors

Psycho-social factors


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Growth And Development


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Fixed Development Pattern After Birth

Social Smile at the age of 1month

Holding neck at approx 3 months

Sitting by 6 months Standing by 7 months

Walking and talking by 1 year


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Language

Most sensitive, receptive, language skills andability to recognize speech till 5-6 years

Motor Skills

Myelination of Cerebellum peaks by 4 years ofage

Gross Motor skills grow through stimulationinitiated by childrens advances

Hearing

Auditory perception has reached adult levels by2 years


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What are Developmental Delays


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Early Detection

Reveals the area of Difficulty

The special ability of child to learn

Special help he needs


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Ways Identification

Informal or Natural Referral

Questionnaire or Inventory

Screening


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Screening is a procedure which

accurately categorizes individuals

as possibly handicapped or

delayed or as not currentlyhandicapped or delayed


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Important Areas of Assessment

Measurement of overall level of

Intellectual functioning

Assessment of Adaptive Behavior

Detailed Analysis of Individual abilities

and deficits


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Screening MethodsSensitive

Specific

Inexpensive

Simple

Repeatable

Acceptable to Public and Professionals


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Outreach or

CaseFindings

ScreeningFurther

AssessmentEarly

Intervention

Process of Screening


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School Entry Level Screening

Neurodevelopmental Screening

Visual Screening

Auditory Screening

Language Level Screening

Screening Instruments NIMH Developmental Screening Schedule

Basic-MR

Dolls Vineland Social Maturity Scale

The Automated Software Screener Developed by

Sampath kumaran Veeraraghavan and Dr Karthik

Srinivasan


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Requires input of various professionalsPhysiotherapists

special educators

psychologists

Occupational therapists

social workers

speech therapists

Multidisciplinary Approach of Identification


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Includes Developmentally disabled

at risk children and

their families

Early Detection and Identification


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Benefits Of Early Detection

o Restrict Number of Handicaps

o Timely treatment

o

Trainingo Counseling

o Steps of Prevention


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Counselling

Information of risk factors in birth of

other siblings

Efforts to create a positive

environment

Involvement of All family members

Opening of channel of communication

among family members

Providing support and necessary

training


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As soon as it is recognized that young

child is developmentally delayed

These start with Diagnosis and

continue till age of 5 or 6 years.

Infant brain is more adaptable

First 24 months of childs life involves

tremendous and rapid growth and

development

When to Start Early Intervention


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Use It or Loose It

2 Years Twice the no: of Synapses inthe adult

5 Years Brain is 95% of adult size

10 Years

Weakly formed SynapsesStart regressing


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Child Development

Critical Periods

Windows of Opportunity

Time of Selective Vulnerability

Plasticity

Parts of the Damaged brain can becompensated with in by formingalternate pathways


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Nature of early intervention services

No two kids are the same Designed to suit the specific needs of the child

Concentrates not only on child but also its

environment

Inclusive of family and other important members inchild


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Early Intervention for a Child

Motor

Sensory

Cognitive

Social

Emotional

Activities of Daily living

Provid ing St imulat ion and exposing chi ld to al l

pos sib le act iv i t ies can w ork w ond ers !! !


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Develop skills for future learning

Reduces occurrences of associated

handicaps

Provides opportunity to live with familyfrom beginning

Child can attain maximum potential

Early Intervention For Child


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Early Intervention for Families

Provide Info and Skills

Individualized Family Service Plans (IFSP)

Understanding Limitations, strengths and needs of thechild

Genetic Counseling

Emphasizing need for Spacing and Small size of Family

Ensuring Future Guardianship role


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Learning of effective parenting skills toteach and stimulate the child

Early counseling to accept child better

Minimize disruption in the family,establish positive of interaction among

family members

Feelings of self worth is increased

among siblings

Future guardianship role is facilitated

Early Intervention For Family


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challengesto

Early Childhood Identification


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Sharing of information across disciplines

Labeling IssuesChanging family dynamics

Sharing criteria for referral, shared protocols

Work towards better understanding betweenculture/agencies

Who should be involved in Early Childhood

Intervention-Parents, case workers, family members

Strategic Planning


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children's development must be

viewed as integrated and interactivechildren must be served with in the

context of the family.


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Ayan* :A SuccessDIAGNOSIS

Ayan Was diagnosed with spastic Quadriplegia -when he

was 2 year old

He had balancing problems

Scissor Gait

He was given physiotherapy since July 2010Goals of Therapy

To improve his balance

Facilitation of Equilibrium

To continue academic activities in play way method

(*-Name changed)


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Ayan : A Success

After 3 months an evaluation was done

Sitting posture improved..he can sit and

maintain balance when legs are kept straight in

front for short duration

Can pull himself up from sitting position

Now can stand with support

Can bear weight on the legs

Inverted tendency of feet is reduced Shows interest in coloring and can scribble with

crayons and identifies family members as well

as colors and five pictures

(*-Name changed)


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Documents

Benefits of Early Detection and Identification