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Introduction to BiotechnologyOcky Karna Radjasa
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CO2H2ON2
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What is Biotechnology?Biotechnology is the manipulation of
living organisms and other biological systems to serve human
needs.
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What Is Biotechnology?Using scientific methods with organisms to
produce new products or new forms of organismsAny technique that
uses living organisms or substances from those organisms to make or
modify a product, to improve plants or animals, or to develop
microorganisms for specific uses
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BiotechnologyUsing scientific processes to get new organisms or
new products from organisms.
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Color TypeArea of Biotech ActivitiesRedHealth, Medical,
DiagnosticsYellowFood Biotechnology, Nutrition
ScienceBlueAquaculture, Coastal and Marine
BiotechGreenAgricultural, Environmental Biotechnology Biofuels,
Biofertilizers, Bioremediation, GeomicrobiologyBrownArid Zone and
Desert BiotechnologyDarkBioterrorism, Biowarfare, Biocrimes,
Anticrop warfarePurplePatents, Publications, Inventions,
IPRsWhiteGene-based BioindustriesGoldBioinformatics,
NanobiotechnologyGreyClassical Fermentation and Bioprocess
Technology
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MultidisciplinaryInvolves many disciplines or branches of
learningIncludes all areas of Life Sciences
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Biotech areasMedicineAgricultureEnvironmentForestryFood and
beverage processingDrugs from the seaBiodeterioration
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Gene Expression
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Discovering the structure of DNA Structure was discovered in
1953 by James
Watson and Francis Crick
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Double helix-DNA
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The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a technique to amplify a
piece of DNA very rapidly outside of a cell.
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PCR Amplifies DNADiagnosis by detecting an organisms
DNAEpidemiology by then comparing ampliconsGenetic engineering
through using the product in cloningPhylogeny through
sequencing
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DNA SequencingDNA sequencing used to determine the actual DNA
sequence of an organism. Using a computer, one can identify an
organism, and predict protein sequences and functions based on the
nucleic acid data.
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Inside the sequencerCapillary tubesSample tray goes here
Reagents
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Automated procedure for DNA sequencing
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BLAST: http://www.ncbi.nih.gov/BLAST/
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Blast homology result
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The fact about microbial diversity
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Culture-Independent Strategy to Identify the Producer of natural
products
Isolate DNAConstruct DNA librarySearch for biosynthesis
genesExpress in culturable bacteriumAnalyze DNAMetagenomic
DNABiosynthetic gene clusterSustainable drug source
E. coli carrying foreign DNA
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Marine BiodeteriorationBiodegradation is transformation of a
substance into new compounds through biochemical reactions or the
actions of microorganisms Biofouling is the accumulation
ofmicroorganisms,plants,algae, oranimalson wetted
surfacesBiocorrosion is the gradual destruction of materials,
(usuallymetals) by microorganisms
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What Is Bioremediation?Bioremediation- using biological
processes to solve environmental problems
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How Can Bioremediation Be Used?Oil spillsWastewater
treatmentHeavy metal removalChemical degradation
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