BIZ-NOVA IT PROJECTMANAGEMENT

“Things an IT PM Should Know”

BIZ-NOVA IT PROJECTMANAGEMENT

“Things an IT PM Should Know”

Instructor: Ty Howard, PMP

Biography:

Ty Howard is the founder and president of Biz-Nova Consulting, LLC®  He is an experienced instructor and practitioner with over 15 years training experience. His background extends into corporate, government and academia. Ty is a Project Management Professional (PMP), and has established several Project Management Offices in his career. Ty has not only taught at the university level, but is also a professional speaker and he has been the keynote speaker at large conferences such as the CIO Executive Council, Arizona Governors Office for Information Technology, and the Project Management Institute.

His educational credentials consist of bachelors in Sociology/Criminal Justice, Masters Degree in Public Administration and a Masters in Instructional Technology, he believes education is a life time commitment and that learning should be interactive and motivate learners to grasp the material

International AwardsComputer World “40 IT Leaders of the Future”CIO Magazine “Leaders to Watch”PMI National’s Eric Jenette Award “Advancing the Project Management Profession

For classes and seminars, go to www.biz-nova.com

Contact information:BIZ-NOVA Consulting

P.O. Box 36492 Phoenix, AZ 85067-6492

Customer Care: 877-494-8342, opt 2 Fax: 877-494-8342

customercare@biz-nova.com

Contact information:BIZ-NOVA Consulting

P.O. Box 36492 Phoenix, AZ 85067-6492

Customer Care: 877-494-8342, opt 2 Fax: 877-494-8342

customercare@biz-nova.com

• PM TRAINING THAT WORKS• PM TRAINING THAT WORKS

Objectives

HOW?

Goal

WHAT?

Link Business & Technology

TechnologyVision

Business Vision

TechnologyVision

Business Vision • Business Continuity Disaster Recovery

• Environmental Performance• Maintenance Processes and Procedures• Vendor Management and Service Level Agreements• State-of-the art technology improvements• Technology application to business environments

• Rolls into the Direction of the organization • Tells what needs to be accomplished to reach the the organization’s vision

• How the organization know it reached goal• Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic, Time bound

Tactics

Provides you withinteractive models and simulations to ensure

concrete learning!

Provides you withinteractive models and simulations to ensure

concrete learning!

IT-Business “Align Efforts”

IT

Sponsor

Business

IT-SponsorPlanningSessions

IT-SponsorPlanningSessions

IT IT

Business

SessionLeader

Project Charter

Interactive Facilitation…team buy-inAnd commitment. Very educationalExperience for all

Tricks, tools and techniquesthat work in “real life”

Tricks, tools and techniquesthat work in “real life”

Fishbone Diagram and ADWR Planning Sessions

IT Sponsor Staff

IT-SponsorPlanningSessions

IT-SponsorPlanningSessions

IT IT

HR PAPER SYSTEM

SEPARATION

SCANNED DATA

SEPARATION

ORACLE (PO Tracking)

SEPARATION

HELPSTAR

USAS (DOA)Cobalt

Inventory Tracking Systems

IT

Procurement

Facilities

Accountant

DOA

HR

GITA ReportCustomer SupportTracking

GITA ReportCustomer SupportTracking

Tracking Expenditures•Communication Button•Centralization•Queries•No Yellow Copies

Tracking Expenditures•Communication Button•Centralization•Queries•No Yellow Copies

SPREADSHEET

Track Employee Inventory•Keys•Phones•Purchase Cards•Building Cards•Chairs•Parking Cards•Badges

Track Employee Inventory•Keys•Phones•Purchase Cards•Building Cards•Chairs•Parking Cards•Badges

•Policy &•Training

•Policy &•Training

•Vendor•Serial#•Barcode•Asset#

•Vendor•Serial#•Barcode•Asset#

•Purchase Card•Blg Card•Office Keys•Stairwell keys•PCards•Parking Sticker•Mod Keys•T-Cards•Cell phones

•Purchase Card•Blg Card•Office Keys•Stairwell keys•PCards•Parking Sticker•Mod Keys•T-Cards•Cell phones

•Same as IT•Same as IT

•PO # scheme•PO # scheme

NEW HIRE & TERMINATIONNEW HIRE & TERMINATION

INPUT SYSTEM/PROCESS OUTPUT

Allows you to “make sense outof non-sense!”

Allows you to “make sense outof non-sense!”

Project Charter

X_______APPROVAL

X_______APPROVAL

Product or

Service

WBS

X_______APPROVAL

Scope Change Doc

Archive

INITIATIONINITIATION PLANNINGPLANNING EXECUTINGEXECUTING CLOSINGCLOSING

CONTROL/MONITORINGCONTROL/MONITORING

1.1.

X_______APPROVAL

2.2.

3.3.

4.4.

Baseline Project Plan

6.6.

Project Plan

Risk Log

Timeline

Network Diagram

CommunicationPlan

Budget

Roles/Responsibilities

5.5.

Project Binder 7.7.

Status Reports

8.8.

9.9.

X_______APPROVAL

10.10.

Eagles View ofProject ManagementSIMULATED

Contract

11.11.

ConnectedConnected

LessonsLearned

Doc

1212`AssessmentAssessment Requirements DefinitionRequirements Definition Design & DevelopmentDesign & Development ImplementationImplementation TestingTesting Post ImplementationPost Implementation

Need identification & Conceptual Need identification & Conceptual Preliminary DesignPreliminary Design Detailed design & DevelopmentDetailed design & Development Construction or ProductionConstruction or Production Operation & supportOperation & support

GIVING YOU THE ‘BIG PICTURE’!

GIVING YOU THE ‘BIG PICTURE’!

5.95.9

Essentials ofSystems Analysis and DesignThird Edition Joseph S. ValacichJoey F. GeorgeJeffrey A. Hoffer

5.105.10

Essentials ofSystems Analysis and DesignThird Edition Joseph S. ValacichJoey F. GeorgeJeffrey A. Hoffer

Using DFDs in Business Process Reengineering

• Example: IBM Credit• Credit approval process is

required six days before Business Process Reengineering (see Fig 5-12)

5.115.11

Essentials ofSystems Analysis and DesignThird Edition Joseph S. ValacichJoey F. GeorgeJeffrey A. Hoffer

Components of CBIS

• Networks: Connected computers and computer equipment in a building, around the country, or around the world to enable electronic communication

• Intranet: Internal network based on Web technologies that allows people within an organization to exchange information and work on projects

• Extranet: Network based on Web Technologies that allows selected outsiders, such as business partners and customers , to access authorized resources of the intranet to a company

• Procedures: Strategies, policies, methods and rules for using CBIS

e-Commerce

• Any business transaction executed electronically between parties such as:– B2B – Business to Business

– B2C – Business to Consumer

– C2C – Consumer to Consumer

• M-Commerce: Transactions conducted anywhere and anytime

Transaction Processing Systems and Enterprise Resource Planning

• Transaction: Any business-related exchange such as payments to employees, sales to customers and payments to suppliers

• Transaction Process System: Organization collection of people, procedures, software, databases, and devices used to record completed business transactions

• Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) System: Set of integrated programs capable of managing a company’s vital business operations for an entire multi site, global organization

Management Information System (MIS)

• Organized collection of people, procedures, software, databases, and devices used to provide routine info to managers and decision makers

Decision Support Systems

• Organized collection of people, procedures, software, databases, and devices used to support problem-specific decision making

• Example: ADWR DSS

Systems Development

• Activity of creating or modifying existing business systems– Organizations: Collection of people and other resources established to

accomplish a set of goals

Value Chain

• Series (chain) of activities that include inbound logistics, warehouse and storage, production, finished product storage, outbound logistics, marketing and sales, and customer service

THINGS AN IT PM SHOULD KNOW!THINGS AN IT PM SHOULD KNOW!

Organizational Culture Change

• Culture – set of major assumptions and understanding shared by a group

• Technology Diffusion – Measure of how widely technology is spread throughout the organization

• Technology Infusion – Extent in which technology is deeply integrated into an area or department

• Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) – Model describes the factors that can lead to higher acceptance and usage of technology

Seeking Competitive Advantage

Five Forces Model:• Rivalry amongst competitors• Threat of new entrants• Threat of substitute products and services• Bargaining power of buyers• Bargaining power of suppliers

Concepts

OUTPUT10 HR

INPUT5 HR

• Productivity= (Output/Input)X100%• ROI• Total Cost of Ownership (TCO)

Division X 100Division X 100

Hardware Components

ControlUnit

ControlUnit

Arithmetic/Logic Unit

Arithmetic/Logic Unit

Register Storage AreaRegister Storage Area

Processing Device

CommunicationDevices

OutputDevicesInput

Devices

SecondaryStorage

Central Processing Unit (CPU) consists of:The control unit, arithmetic/logic unit, andThe register storage area.

Central Processing Unit (CPU) consists of:The control unit, arithmetic/logic unit, andThe register storage area.

Processing Characteristics and Functions:Clock Speed: “Electronic Cycle or Pulse (Measured inMega Hertz MHZ) or millions of cycles per second

Word Length: Number of bits the CPU can process at any oneTime.

Byte: 8 bits together represents a single character

Processing Characteristics and Functions:Clock Speed: “Electronic Cycle or Pulse (Measured inMega Hertz MHZ) or millions of cycles per second

Word Length: Number of bits the CPU can process at any oneTime.

Byte: 8 bits together represents a single character

1.231.23Taken from Essentials of System Analysis, Valcich, George, Hoffer, 2006

Taken from Essentials of System Analysis, Valcich, George, Hoffer, 2006

Memory Characteristicsand Functions

Note: 8 Bits in a Byte

NAME ABBREVIATIONS EXACT # OF BYTES APPROX # OF BYTES

Byte B 1 1

Kilobyte KB 1024 Bytes 1 Thousand

Megabyte MB 1024 Kilobytes 1 Million

Gigabyte GB 1024 Megabytes 1 Billion

Terabyte TB 1024 Gigabytes 1 Trillion

Petabyte MB 1024 Terabytes 1Quardrillion

Types of Memory: RAM (Temporary)ROM (Permanent)

Types of Memory: RAM (Temporary)ROM (Permanent)

Multi-Processing: The simultaneous execution ofTwo or more instructions at the same time (involvesCo-processor)

•Parallel Processing: Links several processors together•Grid Computing: Multiple computers being coordinated to solve a common problem

Multi-Processing: The simultaneous execution ofTwo or more instructions at the same time (involvesCo-processor)

•Parallel Processing: Links several processors together•Grid Computing: Multiple computers being coordinated to solve a common problem

Operation Program Interface

OperatingSystem

ComputerSystem

Hardware

ApplicationSoftware

HardwareHardwareOperating

Operating

ApplicationSoftware

ApplicationSoftware

Palm OS

Red Hat Linux

Linux

Solaris

UNIX

MAC OS X

MAC OS

Windows XP, Windows Mobile, & Windows Embedded

Operating SystemsOperating Systems

APPLICATIONS APPLICATIONS

Operating Systems

Popular Operating Systems Across All Three Spheres of Influence

PERSONAL WORKING GROUP ENTERPRISE

Windows XP, Windows Mobile, & Windows Embedded

Windows NT Server Windows NT Server

MAC OS Windows 2003 Server Windows 2003 Server

MAC OS X MAC OS ServerWindows Advanced Server,

Limited Edition

UNIX Unix Unix

Solaris Solaris Solaris

Linux Linux Linux

Red Hat Linux Red Hat Linux Red Hat Linux

Palm OS Netware  

  IBM OS/390 IBM OS/390

  IBM z/0S IBM z/0S

  HP MPE/IX HP MPE/IX

Week 3 Organizing Data and Information

DatabaseDatabase

FilesFiles

RecordsRecords

FieldsFields

Characters(bytes)

Characters(bytes)

Hierarchy of dataHierarchy of data ExampleExample

Personnel FilePersonnel File

Department TitleDepartment Title

Payroll FilePayroll File

(Project Database)(Project Database)

098-40-1370 Fiske, Steven 01-05-199500510549-77-1001 Buckley, Bill 02-17-1989005-10-6321 Johns, Francine 10-07-2005

098-40-1370 Fiske, Steven 01-05-199500510549-77-1001 Buckley, Bill 02-17-1989005-10-6321 Johns, Francine 10-07-2005(Personnel File)

(Personnel File)

098-40-1370 Fiske, Steven 01-05-199500510098-40-1370 Fiske, Steven 01-05-199500510

(Records containing SSN), Last, and

First Name, and Hire Date

(Records containing SSN), Last, and

First Name, and Hire Date

FiskeFiske

Letter F in ASCIILetter F in ASCII

Last Name FieldLast Name Field

10001001000100

What is a Database…really?

File CabinetFile Cabinet

Database (symbol)Database (symbol)

Microsoft Office Access Application

Traditional Approach to Data Management

PayrollPayroll

InvoicingInvoicing

InventoryControl

InventoryControl

ManagementInquires

ManagementInquires

PayrollProgramPayroll

Program

InvoicingProgramInvoicingProgram

InventoryControlProgram

InventoryControlProgram

MgmtInquiriesProgram

MgmtInquiriesProgram

ReportsReports

ReportsReports

ReportsReports

ReportsReports

DataData

FilesFiles Application

Programs

ApplicationPrograms Users

UsersPeopleThingsPlacesProductsCosts…

PeopleThingsPlacesProductsCosts…

Database Approach to Data Management

PayrollPayroll

InvoicingInvoicing

InventoryControl

InventoryControl

ManagementInquires

ManagementInquires

PayrollProgramPayroll

Program

InvoicingProgramInvoicingProgram

InventoryControlProgram

InventoryControlProgram

MgmtInquiriesProgram

MgmtInquiriesProgram

ReportsReports

ReportsReports

ReportsReports

ReportsReports

UsersUsers

PayrollData

InventoryData

Invoicing Data

OtherData

PayrollData

InventoryData

Invoicing Data

OtherData

DatabaseManagement

System

DatabaseManagement

System

PayrollProgramPayroll

Program

InvoicingProgramInvoicingProgram

InventoryControl

Program

InventoryControl

Program

ManagementInquiries

ManagementInquiries

ReportsReports

ReportsReports

ReportsReports

ReportsReports

DatabaseDatabase

InterfaceInterface Application

Programs

ApplicationPrograms

Logical and Physical Access Paths

Data onStorage

Data onStorage

DBMSDBMS

Physical accessPath (PAP)

Physical accessPath (PAP)

Agemenqiries

Agemenqiries

Othersoftware

Othersoftware

Applicationprograms

Applicationprograms

Logical AccessPatch (LAP)

Logical AccessPatch (LAP)

6.326.32Taken from Essentials of System Analysis, Valcich, George, Hoffer, 2006

Taken from Essentials of System Analysis, Valcich, George, Hoffer, 2006

Table 1. Project Table

Project Number Description Dept. Number

155 Payroll 257

498 Widgets 632

226 Safe Manual 598

Table 2. Department Table

Dept. Department Name Manager SSN

257 Accounting 005-10-6321

632 Manufacturing 549-77-1001

598 Marketing 098-40-1370

Table 3. Manager Table

SSN LAST NAME FIRST NAME Department Number

005-10-6321 JOHNS FRANCINE 257

549-77-1001 BUCKLEY BILL 632

098-40-1370 FISKE STEVEN 598

Relational DatabaseModel

Relational DatabaseModel

Data WarehouseData Warehouse

Data ExtractionProcess

Data ExtractionProcess

Query andAnalysis

Tools

Query andAnalysis

Tools

DataWarehouse

DataWarehouse

RelationalDatabaseRelationalDatabase

Flat FilesFlat Files

SpreadsheetsSpreadsheets

Data CleanupProcess

Data CleanupProcess

End-userAccess

End-userAccess

Computer Language

• Machine Language (fast)– Computer only understands 0’s and 1’s

– 0010 1010 0001 1101

• Assembly Language: (became easier)– Allowed you to write programs faster and easier using machine

language

– Provided easy phrases JMP, MOV, ADD as instructions as oppose to 0’s and 1’s

Computer Language

• Machine Language (fast)– Computer only understands 0’s and 1’s

– 0010 1010 0001 1101

• Assembly Language: (became easier)– Allowed you to write programs faster and easier using machine

language

– Provided easy phrases JMP, MOV, ADD as instructions as oppose to 0’s and 1’s

Challenge: with Moving from one computer to another

Solution: Portable AssemblerFORTRAN (Math), COBAL (Bus.) (Did not have HW Access)

Invented “C” which looks more like words

C Programming Language

• Equivalent to assembly language• Program that you write in C runs slower and creates larger

programs than assembly language equivalent

You must convert your C Program into machine languageUsing a special program “Compiler”

Parallel: Converting a famous French NovelTo English

Popularity of C: Very popular and some C derivativesSuch as C++. Well known programs such asWindows 95/98/Me/NT/2000, Unix and LinuxQuicken, Netscape, Microsoft Word

High-Level Programming

• Machine Language gave way to language that resembled “more human” language– FORTRAN, COBOL, BASIC, Pascal and Ada

Example of “BASIC” PRINT “Take a nap!”

Example of “Pascal” Program Message (Input, Output):Begin

Writeln (‘Take a nap!’) ;End

Note: The Higher the Language—the slower!

“RAD Movement”

• Fancy interfaces allowed programs to e quickly created and mocked-up. (Rapid Application Development)– Concrete view (“look and feel”)

– Popular RAD Languages:• Visual Basic (based on BASIC)• Delphi (based on Pascal)• Visual C# (based on C++)• C++ Builder (based on C++)

Database Programming Language

• Most databases include a programming language• Popular languages:

– Dbase, FileMaker, FoxPro, and Microsoft Access

– Mainframe computers typically use SQL (Structured Query Language)

Data onStorage

Data onStorage

Example of “dBase Code” Row = 15Column = 15Clear@ row, column SAY “Take a nap!” Database Programs

Often tie to a specificComputer.

Can you see a problemWith this?

Similar C-Level Languages

• C-Family– C++

– Java

– C#All three added object orientationWhich allows the reuse andModifications of small code

Scripting Language

• Rather buying an entire program from scratch (ie word processor), you can buy an existing one for your baseline and then use scripting language to do what you want to it.– Most Microsoft Programs offer this via (Visual Basic for Applications

(VBA)• Word, Excel, PowerPoint, and Access

– Macintosh offers this via (AppleScript)

Example: AppleScripton DisplayMessage ( )

Display dialog “Take a nap!” buttons (“OK”)end DisplayMessageDisplayMessage ( )

Web-page programming Languages

• Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)– Tells browser to display a page

– Browser automatically converts to HTML Code into fancy graphics

• Evolved into language that provides interactivity for end-user. (Forms, Games…etc)– Languages created: Java, Javascript, and VB Script)

• Java can create both stand-alone applications and smaller applets which run off of web page

Example of “Java” Public class DisplayMessage {Pulic static void main ( String args [ ] {System.out.println (“Take a nap!” ) ; }}

OSI AND TCP/IP

Application

Presentation

Session

Transport

Network

Data Link

Physical

ApplicationApplication

Host-to-hostHost-to-host

InternetInternet

Network AccessNetwork Access

OSI ModelOSI Model TCP/IP ModelTCP/IP Model

OSI…protocol to protocol

Application

Presentation

Session

Transport

Network

Data Link

Physical

Logical data movement

Application

Presentation

Session

Transport

Network

Data Link

Physical

OSI Layer

Application

Presentation

Session

Transport

Network

Data Link

Physical

Data

Data

Data

Data

Data

Data

Data

OSI Layer

Application

Presentation

Session

Transport

Network

Data Link

Physical

Data

Data

Data

Data

Data

Data

Data

Each OSI Layer adds its own information to theData packet

Network Bridging (Data Link Level)

S1S1 S2S2

Sales ServerSales Server

RD1RD1 RD2RD2RD ServerRD Server

Before BridgingBefore BridgingToo Many Collisions!

SalesReportSales

Report

SalesReportSales

Report

SalesReportSales

Report

SalesReportSales

Report

Network Bridging (Layer 2)

S1S1 S2S2

Sales ServerSales Server

RD1RD1 RD2RD2RD ServerRD Server

After BridgingAfter Bridging

1.1.

4.4.

5.5.

6.6.

7.7.

8.8.

20 % TrafficCross Bridge

20 % TrafficCross Bridge

SalesReportSales

Report

RD ReportRD Report

SalesReportSales

Report

SalesReportSales

Report

Switches Layer 2

SwitchA324AAB3

A324AAB3

A32A33AA32A33A

A34A33AA34A33A

1145B2AF1145B2AF

235C65AF235C65AF

235C65AF235C65AF

1.1.

2.2.

3.3.

4.4.

5.5.

6.6.

7.7.

8.8.

PortPort Address

Address

11

22

33

44

55

66

77

88

A34A33AA34A33A

A32A33AA32A33A

1145B2AF1145B2AF

236A65AF236A65AF

MAC ADDRESS TABLEMAC ADDRESS TABLE

A324AAB3A324AAB3

235C65AF235C65AF

A324AAB3A324AAB3

235C65AF235C65AF

• More intelligent than standard hub• Builds a table of MAC Addresses of the receiving and forwards

to the correct port

ROUTING COMPONENTS (Layer 3)

S2S2

Routing Table for BRouting Table for B

Routing Table for ARouting Table for A

Routing Table for CRouting Table for C

S1S1

S3S3

Router ARouter A

Router CRouter C

Router BRouter B

“PORTS”“PORTS”

• Routing is the process of moving data throughout theNetwork.

• Routers get information about what paths to take fromFiles on the routers called “routing tables”

• A router will not “broadcast”—it will only route a packet toa specific destination

Two ways to route:•Static (Based on the administrator’s manual updates•Dynamic (based on route discovery protocol)

Two ways to route:•Static (Based on the administrator’s manual updates•Dynamic (based on route discovery protocol)

Token Ring

PROTOCALSPROTOCALS

MAIN MENUMAIN MENU

DATABASEBASICS

DATABASEBASICS

HOW NETWORKSWORK

HOW NETWORKSWORK

PROGRAMMINGLANGUAGES

PROGRAMMINGLANGUAGES

COMPUTERMEMORY

COMPUTERMEMORY

COMPUTERCOMPONENTS

COMPUTERCOMPONENTS

DATAWAREHOUSE

DATAWAREHOUSE CONNECTIVITYCONNECTIVITY CPUCPUOPERATING

SYSTEMSOPERATING

SYSTEMS