Blackberry Java Development Environment Getting Started

BlackBerry device application development

Getting started guide

BlackBerry device application development Getting started guide

Last modified: 9 February 2009

Part number: 21215185

At the time of publication, this documentation is based on the BlackBerry Java Development Environment version 4.7.0.

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Contents1 Tools for creating a BlackBerry device application........................................................................................ 7

Using the BlackBerry Java Development Environment................................................................................7Prerequisites for using the BlackBerry Java Development Environment...........................................7

Using the BlackBerry JDE Plug-in for Eclipse ...............................................................................................7Prerequisites for using the BlackBerry JDE Plug-in for Eclipse.......................................................... 8

Development tools............................................................................................................................................ 8BlackBerry simulators....................................................................................................................................... 9

The BlackBerry Smartphone Simulator .................................................................................................. 9The BlackBerry MDS simulator................................................................................................................ 9The BlackBerry email server simulator..................................................................................................10

2 Creating a BlackBerry device application....................................................................................................... 11Create a basic BlackBerry device application ..............................................................................................11

Create a project for the HelloWorld application in an Eclipse workspace .......................................11Set the information and type for the project for the HelloWorld application..................................11Add .java source files to the project for the HelloWorld application................................................ 12Import resources into HelloWorld.java.................................................................................................. 12Provide a UI for a HelloWorld application ............................................................................................ 12Allow the HelloWorld application start sending and receiving events when the application starts12Create a screen for the HelloWorld application .................................................................................. 13Allow the HelloWorld application display a screen.............................................................................14Display a message when a BlackBerry smartphone user closes the HelloWorld application ......14Test the HelloWorld application in the BlackBerry Smartphone Simulator ....................................14Code sample: A HelloWorld application ...............................................................................................15

Create a BlackBerry device application with advanced UI features........................................................16Create a project for a CityInfo application in an Eclipse workspace................................................16Set the information and type for the project for the CityInfo application ......................................16Add .java source files to the project for the CityInfo application ..................................................... 17Import resources into CityInfo.java ....................................................................................................... 17Provide a UI for the CityInfo application .............................................................................................. 17Allow the CityInfo application start sending and receiving events when the application starts 17Create a screen for the CityInfo application ........................................................................................18

Allow the CityInfo application use a screen that displays a drop-down list of city names...........18Create a menu item that a BlackBerry smartphone user clicks to display more information about a city they select .......................................................................................................................................18Create a menu item that a BlackBerry smartphone user clicks to close a BlackBerry device appli-cation..........................................................................................................................................................19Add menu items to the CityInfo application menu .............................................................................19Create a screen that displays information about a city.....................................................................20Allow the CityInfo application set the values of UI fields with city information ............................ 21Test the CityInfo Application in the BlackBerry Smartphone Simulator ......................................... 21Code sample: A BlackBerry device application that displays information on a city the user selects22

3 Testing a BlackBerry device application ........................................................................................................25Obfuscating a BlackBerry device application ............................................................................................ 25Preverifying a BlackBerry device pplication ............................................................................................... 25Testing a BlackBerry device application ..................................................................................................... 25

Testing a BlackBerry device application on a BlackBerry Smartphone Simulator ........................26Testing a BlackBerry device application on a BlackBerry smartphone...........................................26

4 Distributing a BlackBerry device application................................................................................................29Application distribution through a computer connection ........................................................................29

Distribute an application from a computer .........................................................................................29Distribute an application from a web page .........................................................................................29Distribute an application for testing ....................................................................................................29

Application distribution over the wireless network ...................................................................................29Wireless pull (user-initiated)..................................................................................................................30Wireless push (server-initiated) ............................................................................................................30

1

Tools for creating a BlackBerry device application

Using the BlackBerry Java Development EnvironmentYou can use the BlackBerry® Java® Development Environment to create, test, and package BlackBerry device applications for BlackBerry smartphones. The BlackBerry Java Development Environment is a Mobile Information Device Profile (MIDP) and Connected Limited Device Configuration (CLDC) compliant J2ME environment designed to provide a complete set of APIs and tools for you to develop a BlackBerry device application that runs on BlackBerry smartphones. The BlackBerry Integrated Development Environment, included with the BlackBerry JDE, lets you create a BlackBerry device application using CLDC 1.1 APSI, MIDP 2.0 APIs, and BlackBerry API extensions that provide additional capabilities specific to BlackBerry smartphones.

Prerequisites for using the BlackBerry Java Development EnvironmentYour system must meet the following requirements to support the BlackBerry® Java® Development Environment:

• Microsoft® Vista™, Windows® 2000, or Windows XP

• Intel® Pentium® III processor or compatible (800 MHz or higher)

• 512 MB RAM

• 100 MB free hard disk space

• Java® SE Development Kit (JDK) Version 6 (download from the Sun Microsystems web site). The <bin> directory of the Java SDK must be part of the system's PATH environment variable.

• DirectX 8.0 or greater (for the BlackBerry Smartphone Simulator)

Using the BlackBerry JDE Plug-in for EclipseYou can use the BlackBerry® Java® Development Environment Plug-In for Eclipse™ to develop, debug and test BlackBerry device applications from within Eclipse™ and Eclipse-based IDEs. You can use the BlackBerry® JDE Plug-in for Eclipse™ to develop BlackBerry device applications for BlackBerry smartphones. The BlackBerry® JDE Plug-in for Eclipse™ contains a subset of the features and components included in the BlackBerry Java Development Environment.

Using the BlackBerry Java Development EnvironmentUsing the BlackBerry JDE Plug-in for EclipseDevelopment toolsBlackBerry simulators


Prerequisites for using the BlackBerry JDE Plug-in for EclipseVerify that your system meets the following requirements:

• BlackBerry® Java® Development Environment Version 4.3.0 or later.

• BlackBerry® JDE Plug-in for Eclipse™ Version 1.0

• Eclipse™ Classic 3.4

• Microsoft® Windows Vista™, or Windows® XP

• Java® SE Development Kit (JDK) Version 6 (download from the Sun Microsystems web site). The <bin> directory of the Java SDK must be part of the system's PATH environment variable.

• DirectX 8.0 or greater (for the BlackBerry Smartphone Simulator)

Development toolsThe BlackBerry® Java® Development Environment (JDE) and BlackBerry® Java® Development Environment Plug-In for Eclipse™ include multiple tools that you can use to develop BlackBerry device applications. You can also obtain these tools by downloading the BlackBerry Java Development Environment Component Package..

Tool Description

RAPC Use the RAPC command prompt compiler to compile .java and .jar files into .cod files that you can run in the BlackBerry Smartphone Simulator or load onto a BlackBerry smartphone. When you invoke RAPC, use the "-import=" option to specify the net_rim_api.jar file as an input file.

For example, the following command prompt instruction compiles the SampleApp.jar file into a .cod file of the same name:

rapc import=net_rim_api.jar codename=SampleApp\SampleAppDriver -midlet SampleApp.jad Samples\SamplaApp.jar

JavaLoader From a command prompt, use the JavaLoader tool to:

"Add, update, or remove a BlackBerry device aplication on a BlackBerry smartphone for testing purposes. For production BlackBerry device applications, use the BlackBerry Desktop Software.

"View information about BlackBerry device application .cod files.

To run the JavaLoader tool, type a command with the following format:

javaloader [-u] [-p<port>|<pin>] [-b<baud>] [-d0|-d1] [-w<password>] [-q] <command>

Signature Tool Use the Signature Tool application to send code signature requests to the BlackBerry Signing Authority Tool. Send code signature requests when your BlackBerry device application code requires access to controlled APIs, classes, and methods.

Preverify Use the Preverify tool to partially verify your classes before loading your BlackBerry device application onto a BlackBerry smartphone. Completing this step will reduce the amount of processing the smartphone must perform when you load your BlackBerry device application.

The Preverify tool receives a class path as input and produces new classes in an output directory that you specify.

To run the Preverify tool, from the command prompt, type a command in the following format:

preverify [-d] output -classpath <directory> input; <directory>

8

1: BlackBerry simulators

BlackBerry simulatorsThe BlackBerry® Java® Development Environment (JDE) and the BlackBerry® Java® Development Environment Plug-In for Eclipse™ include three different simulators you can use to create and test a BlackBerry device application for a BlackBerry smartphone. See the BlackBerry Simulator Guide for more information on how to use BlackBerry Smartphone Simulators.

The BlackBerry Smartphone SimulatorThe BlackBerry® Smartphone simulator enables you to run BlackBerry device applications on your computer. The BlackBerry Smartphone Simulator includes the BlackBerry device applications that are typically available on BlackBerry smartphones and enables you to load and test your own BlackBerry device applications. You can simulate and test various connectivity and state changes using the BlackBerry Smartphone Simulator. When you use the BlackBerry Smartphone Simulator to perform testing, you might need to simulate additional BlackBerry services. The BlackBerry MDS Simulator and the BlackBerry email server simulator are available for this purpose. You can obtain BlackBerry Smartphone Simulators by downloading the BlackBerry® Java® Development Environment, the BlackBerry® Java® Development Environment Plug-In for Eclipse™, or the BlackBerry® Java® Development Environment Component Package from the BlackBerry Developer Zone web site at http://www.blackberry.com/developers.

The BlackBerry MDS simulatorThe BlackBerry® MDS simulator is designed to simulate the BlackBerry MDS Connection Service component of the BlackBerry Enterprise Server. Using the BlackBerry Smartphone Simulator with the BlackBerry MDS simulator enables you to test network, push, and browser applications that are designed for use with a BlackBerry Enterprise Server. If you are testing BlackBerry device applications that require an HTTP connection, you need the BlackBerry Smartphone Simulator and the BlackBerry MDS simulator. You can obtain the BlackBerry MDS simulator by downloading the BlackBerry® Java® Development Environment, the BlackBerry® Java® Development Environment Plug-In for Eclipse™, or the BlackBerry Email and MDS Services Simulator Package from the BlackBerry Developer Zone web site at http://www.blackberry.com/developers.

JDWP The Java Debug Wire Protocol (JDWP) program lets you debug BlackBerry device applications using third-party IDEs. The BlackBerry JDE Component Package includes the files that JDWP requires to debug BlackBerry device applications:

• DefaultBuild.rc: a configuration file

• "FixedBuild.rc: a configuration file

• "Launcher.exe: a utility tool

• "focusFlipper.exe: a utility tool

• RimUsbJni.dll: a helper file that permits the JDWP program to communicate with a BlackBerry smartphone through a USB port

Tool Description

9


The BlackBerry email server simulatorThe BlackBerry® email server simulator is designed to send and receive messages between the BlackBerry Smartphone Simulator and either a messaging application, such as Microsoft® Outlook®, or POP3 and SMTP servers. You do not require a BlackBerry® Enterprise Server. You can obtain the BlackBerry email server simulator by downloading the BlackBerry® Java® Development Environment, the BlackBerry® Java® Development Environment Plug-In for Eclipse™, or the BlackBerry Email and MDS Services Simulator Package from the BlackBerry Developer Zone web site at http://www.blackberry.com/developers.

10

2

Creating a BlackBerry device application

Create a basic BlackBerry device applicationIn this section, you create a BlackBerry® device application that displays the text ‘Hello World!’ on the BlackBerry smartphone screen. When a BlackBerry smartphone user selects the Close menu item from the menu of the BlackBerry device application , the BlackBerry device application displays a dialog box with the text ‘Goodbye!’.

Create a project for the HelloWorld application in an Eclipse workspace1. On the File menu, click New > Project.

2. Expand the BlackBerry folder.

3. Select BlackBerry project.

4. Click Next.

5. In the Project name field, type HelloWorld.

6. Click Next.

7. Click Finish.

Set the information and type for the project for the HelloWorld application1. In the Navigator view, select a BlackBerry project.

2. Right-click the project and select Properties.

3. In the Properties for pane, select BlackBerry Project Properties.

4. Click the General tab.

5. In the Title field, type Hello World Sample.

6. In the Version field, type a version number.

7. In the Vendor field, type a vendor name, for example, Research In Motion Ltd.

8. Click the Application tab.

9. In the Project type drop-down list, select the CLDC option.

10. Click OK.

Create a basic BlackBerry device applicationCreate a BlackBerry device application with advanced UI features


Add .java source files to the project for the HelloWorld applicationThe .java source file name must match the name of the public class or interface in the file. It must also be located in a folder structure that matches its package name.

For example, if the workspace file is C:\name\ws.jdw and it contains a com.mycompany.MyClass class, then you must name the project (.java) source file MyClass.java, and store it in C:\name\com\mycompany\MyClass.java.

1. In the Navigator view, select a BlackBerry project.

2. Right-click the project and select Add File to Project.

3. In the File Name field, type HelloWorld.

4. Click Open.

Import resources into HelloWorld.javaThe net.rim.device.api.ui package provides a BlackBerry® device application with fundamental functionality for constructing the UI of a BlackBerry device application.

The net.rim.device.api.ui.component package provides a library of prebuilt interface components and controls for constructing usable UIs for BlackBerry device application.

The net.rim.device.api.ui.container package provides a library of prebuilt interface component mangers for constructing a usable UI for BlackBerry device application.

The net.rim.device.api.system package provides a variety of system-level functionality. See net.rim.device.api.ui in the API Reference for more information.

> In the Text Editor window and underneath the line that begins with the word package, type the following:

import net.rim.device.api.ui.*;

import net.rim.device.api.ui.component.*;

import net.rim.device.api.ui.container.*;

import net.rim.device.api.system.*;

Provide a UI for a HelloWorld application1. Modify the HelloWorld class declaration to extend the UiApplication class.

public class HelloWorld extends UiApplication

2. Create a constructor for the HelloWorld class.

public HelloWorld() {

}

Allow the HelloWorld application start sending and receiving events when the application startsThe UiApplication class is the base class for all BlackBerry® device applications that provide a UI.

12

http://www.blackberry.com/developers/docs/4.2api/net/rim/device/api/ui/package-summary.html

http://www.blackberry.com/developers/docs/4.2api/net/rim/device/api/ui/package-summary.html

2: Create a basic BlackBerry device application

For a BlackBerry device applicaion to provide a UI, the BlackBerry device application must extend the net.rim.device.api.ui.UiApplication class. This class provides methods for BlackBerry device applications to register event listeners, manage threads, and manage UI components.

A UI maintains a stack of Screen objects. As it pushes screens onto the stack, it draws them on top of any other screens already on the stack. When a BlackBerry device application pops a screen off the stack, it redraws the underlying screens as necessary. Only the screen on the top of the stack receives input events.

See UiApplication in the API Reference for more information.

1. Create a main method for the BlackBerry device application. When you start a BlackBerry device application, program exectution starts at the main() method.

public static void main(String[] args){

}

2. Within the main() method, add the following code:

HelloWorld theApp = new HelloWorld();

theApp.enterEventDispatcher();

When you invoke the enterEventDispatcher() method using an instance of the BlackBerry device application, the BlackBerry device application enters the event thread which runs all drawing and event-handling code and waits for events on the BlackBerry device application queue.

Create a screen for the HelloWorld applicationInvoking super() invokes the constructor of the HelloWorldScreen superclass, MainScreen. The MainScreen class provides a UI screen that contains a title section, a separator element, and a single vertical field manager for maintaining a list of fields. See MainScreen in the API Reference for more information.

A LabelField lets a BlackBerry® device application display a label on a UI. See LabelField in the API Reference for more information.

A RichTextField is a read-only text field you can use to show text in a variety of fonts and formats on a screen. See RichTextField in the API Reference for more information.

Invoking add(RichTextField("Hello World!")) adds the RichTextField to the Manager object of the HelloWorldScreen screen. See Manager in the API Reference for more information.

1. Create a class that extends the MainScreen class.

final class HelloWorldScreen extends MainScreen {

2. Create a constructor for the HelloWorldScreen class.

public HelloWorldScreen(){

}

13

http://www.blackberry.com/developers/docs/4.2api/net/rim/device/api/ui/UiApplication.html

http://www.blackberry.com/developers/docs/4.2api/net/rim/device/api/ui/container/MainScreen.html

http://www.blackberry.com/developers/docs/4.2api/net/rim/device/api/ui/component/LabelField.html

http://www.blackberry.com/developers/docs/4.2api/net/rim/device/api/ui/component/RichTextField.html

http://www.blackberry.com/developers/docs/4.2api/net/rim/device/api/ui/component/RichTextField.html

http://www.blackberry.com/developers/docs/4.2api/net/rim/device/api/ui/Manager.html


3. In the constructor, add the following code:

super();

LabelField title = new LabelField("HelloWorld Sample", LabelField.ELLIPSIS | LabelField.USE_ALL_WIDTH);

setTitle(title);

add(new RichTextField("Hello World!"));

Allow the HelloWorld application display a screenThe pushScreen() method is inherited from the UiApplication class and pushes a screen onto the display stack and paints it. The BlackBerry® JVM maintains screens in a display stack. See Screen in the API Reference for more information.

> In the HelloWorld constructor, add the following code:

//display a new screen

pushScreen(new HelloWorldScreen());

Display a message when a BlackBerry smartphone user closes the HelloWorld applicationThe onClose() method is inherited from the Screen class and indicates to an BlackBerry® device application that a close event has occurred.

The Dialog.alert() method creates an alert dialog box that a BlackBerry device application can use to notify a BlackBerry smartphone user of an event or some important information. The dialog uses an exclamation mark bitmap. See Dialog in the API Reference for more information.

> In the HelloWorldScreen class, overide the onClose() method using the following code:

public boolean onClose()

{ Dialog.alert("Goodbye!");

System.exit(0);

return true;

}

Test the HelloWorld application in the BlackBerry Smartphone Simulator1. From the Run menu, click Run As > BlackBerry Simulator.

2. In the Choose a launch Configuration dialog box, select a launch configuration.

3. Press OK.

4. From the HomeScreen of the BlackBerry® Smartphone Simulator, select and open the HelloWorld . The BlackBerry device application displays the text HelloWorld!.

5. From the FullMenu of the BlackBerry device application, select the Close menu item. The BlackBerry device application displays a dialog with the text Goodbye!.

14

http://www.blackberry.com/developers/docs/4.2api/net/rim/device/api/ui/UiApplication.html

http://www.blackberry.com/developers/docs/4.2api/net/rim/device/api/ui/Screen.html

http://www.blackberry.com/developers/docs/4.2api/net/rim/device/api/ui/component/Dialog.html






2: Create a basic BlackBerry device application

6. Close the BlackBerry device application.

Code sample: A HelloWorld applicationThe following sample code pulls together the tasks in this section into an BlackBerry® device application that displays the text ‘Hello World!’ on the BlackBerry smartphone screen and displays a dialog box with the text ‘Goodbye!’ when the BlackBerry device application closes.

Example: /**

* HelloWorld.java * Copyright (C) 2001-2008 Research In Motion Limited. All rights reserved. */package com.rim.samples.helloworld;

import net.rim.device.api.ui.*;import net.rim.device.api.ui.component.*;import net.rim.device.api.ui.container.*;import net.rim.device.api.system.*;

/* * BlackBerry device applications that provide a UI * must extend the UiApplication class. */public class HelloWorld extends UiApplication{ public static void main(String[] args) { //Create a new instance of the BlackBerry device pplication //and start the BlackBerry device application on the event thread. HelloWorld theApp = new HelloWorld(); theApp.enterEventDispatcher(); } public HelloWorld() { //Display a new screen. pushScreen(new HelloWorldScreen()); }}

//Create a new screen that extends MainScreen and provides//behaviour similar to that of other BlackBerry device applications.final class HelloWorldScreen extends MainScreen{ public HelloWorldScreen() {

//Invoke the MainScreen constructor. super();

//Add a title to the screen. LabelField title = new LabelField("HelloWorld Sample", LabelField.ELLIPSIS | LabelField.USE_ALL_WIDTH); setTitle(title);

15


//Add the text "Hello World!" to the screen. add(new RichTextField("Hello World!")); }

//To display a dialog box to a BlackBerry smartphone user with the text//"Goodbye!" when the BlackBerry smartphone user closes the BlackBerry device application, override the onClose() method. public boolean onClose(){Dialog.alert("Goodbye!");System.exit(0);return true;}

}

Create a BlackBerry device application with advanced UI features

Create a project for a CityInfo application in an Eclipse workspace1. On the File menu, click New > Project.

2. Expand the BlackBerry folder.

3. Select BlackBerry project.

4. Click Next.

5. In the Project name field, type CityInfo.

6. Click Next.

7. Click Finish.

Set the information and type for the project for the CityInfo application1. In the Navigator view, select a BlackBerry project.

2. Right-click the project and select Properties.

3. In the Properties for pane, select BlackBerry Project Properties.

4. Click the General tab.

5. In the Title field, type City Info Sample.

6. In the Version field, type a version number.

7. In the Vendor field, type a vendor name, for example, Research In Motion Ltd.

8. Click the tab.

9. In the Project type drop-down list, select the CLDC option.

16

2: Create a BlackBerry device application with advanced UI features

10. Click OK.

Add .java source files to the project for the CityInfo applicationThe .java source file name must match the name of the public class or interface in the file. It must also be located in a folder structure that matches its package name.

For example, if the workspace file is C:\name\ws.jdw and it contains a com.mycompany.MyClass class, then you must name the project (.java) source file MyClass.java, and store it in C:\name\com\mycompany\MyClass.java.

1. In the Navigator view, select a BlackBerry project.

2. Right-click the project and select Add File to Project.

3. In the File Name field, type CityInfo.

4. Click Open.

Import resources into CityInfo.javaThe net.rim.device.api.i18n package provides support for the internationalization of BlackBerry® device application. See net.rim.device.api.i18n in the API Reference for more information.

> In the Text Editor window and underneath the line that begins with the word package, type the following:

import net.rim.device.api.ui.*;

import net.rim.device.api.ui.component.*;

import net.rim.device.api.ui.container.*;

import net.rim.device.api.system.*;

import net.rim.device.api.i18n.*;

Provide a UI for the CityInfo application1. Modify the CityInfo class declaration to extend the UiApplication class.

public class CityInfo extends UiApplication

2. Create a constructor for the CityInfo class.

public CityInfo() {

}

Allow the CityInfo application start sending and receiving events when the application starts1. Create a main method for the BlackBerry® device application.

public static void main(String[] args){

}

17

http://www.blackberry.com/developers/docs/4.2api/net/rim/device/api/i18n/package-summary.html


2. Within the main() method, add the following code:

CityInfo theApp = new CityInfo();

theApp.enterEventDispatcher();

Create a screen for the CityInfo application1. Create a class that extends the MainScreen class.

final class CityInfoScreen extends MainScreen {

2. Create a constructor for the CityInfoScreen class

public CityInfoScreen(){}

Allow the CityInfo application use a screen that displays a drop-down list of city names1. In the class that extends the MainScreen class, create the following instance variables.

private InfoScreen _infoScreen;

private ObjectChoiceField choiceField;

private int select;

2. In the constructor for the extension of the MainScreen class, replace the String information in the constructor for the LabelField with "City Information Kiosk".

LabelField title = new LabelField("City Information Kiosk",

LabelField.ELLIPSIS | LabelField.USE_ALL_WIDTH);

setTitle(title);

3. In the constructor for the extension of the MainScreen class, change add(new RichTextField("City Info")) to add(new RichTextField("Major U.S. Cities")).

4. In the constructor for the extension of the MainScreen class, create a drop-down list that displays three cities as choice items. An ObjectChoiceField is a UI field that displays a list of objects that a BlackBerry® smartphone user can choose from.String choices[] = {"Los Angeles", "Chicago", "New York"};choiceField = new ObjectChoiceField("Select a City", choices);

5. Add the choiceField to the Manager object of the CityInfoScreen screen.

add(choiceField);

You can use an ObjectChoiceField to display a list of choices in a field on the UI of a BlackBery device application. See ObjectChoiceField in the API Reference for more information.

Create a menu item that a BlackBerry smartphone user clicks to display more information about a city they selectWhen a BlackBerry® smartphone user selects a menu item from the menu of a BlackBerry device application, the code in the run() method for the menu item executes. See MenuItem in the API Reference for more information.

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http://www.blackberry.com/developers/docs/4.2api/net/rim/device/api/ui/component/ObjectChoiceField.html

http://www.blackberry.com/developers/docs/4.2api/net/rim/device/api/ui/MenuItem.html


The choiceField.getSelectedIndex()method lets a BlackBerry device application retrieve the index number for the choice item that a BlackBerry smartphone user selects from a choiceField drop-down list. Invoking UiApplication.getUiApplication.pushScreen(_infoScreen) lets a BlackBerry device application use an instance of itself to display a screen with information on the city a BlackBerry smartphone user selects from a choiceField drop-down list.

1. In the CityInfoScreen class, create a MenuItem with text that reflects the action that occurs when a BlackBerry smartphone user selects the menu item.

private MenuItem _viewItem = new MenuItem("More Info", 110, 10) {

2. In the CityInfoScreen class, create a run() method for the MenuItem that displays information about a city a BlackBerry smartphone user selects.

public void run() {

//Store the index for the city a BlackBerry smartphone user selects

select = choiceField.getSelectedIndex();

//Create an instance of the screen that displays information about a city the BlackBerry smartphone user selects

_infoScreen = new InfoScreen();

//Push the screen with information on the city the BlackBerry smartphone user selects to the display stack and paint this screen

UiApplication.getUiApplication.pushScreen(_infoScreen);

}

Create a menu item that a BlackBerry smartphone user clicks to close a BlackBerry device application1. In the CityInfoScreen class, create a MenuItem with text that reflects the action that occurs when a

BlackBerry® smartphone user selects a menu item.

private MenuItem _closeItem = new MenuItem("Close", 200000, 10) {

2. In the CityInfoScreen class, create a run() method that defines the action that calls the BlackBerry device application’s onClose() method when a BlackBerry smartphone user selects the menu item.

public void run()

{ onClose();

}

};

Add menu items to the CityInfo application menuThe makeMenu()method is inherited from the MainScreen class and lets a BlackBerry® device application add menu items to a menu. If you override the makeMenu() method, to add the menu items of the main screen to the menu of the BlackBerry device application, you must call this method on the parent class.

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> In the CityInfoScreen class, override the makeMenu() method.

protected void makeMenu(Menu menu,int instance)

{ menu.add(_viewItem);

menu.add(_closeItem);

}

Create a screen that displays information about a city1. Within the CityInfoScreen class, create an inner class that extends MainScreen.

private class InfoScreen extends MainScreen {

2. In the first line of the constructor for the inner class, invoke the constructor of the MainScreen class.

super();

3. To display a label with the name of the city the BlackBerry® smartphone user selects, in the constructor for the inner class, create a LabelField.

LabelField lf = new LabelField();

4. To display the population of the city the BlackBerry smartphone user selects, in the constructor for the inner class, create a BasicEditField . A BasicEditField is an editable simple text field with no formatting.

BasicEditField popField = new BasicEditField("Population: ", null, 20, Field.READONLY);

5. To display the state that the city the BlackBerry smartphone user selects is located in, in the constructor for the inner class, create a BasicEditField.

BasicEditField stateField = new BasicEditField("State: ", null, 20, Field.READONLY);

6. To display tourist attraction information for the city the BlackBerry smartphone user selects, in the constructor for the inner class, create a BasicEditField .

BasicEditField sightsField = new BasicEditField("Sights: ", null, 50, Field.READONLY);

To add fields to the Manager object for the CityInfoScreen class, in the constructor for the inner class, invoke Manager.add().

add(lf);

add(new SeparatorField());

add(popField);

add(stateField);

add(sightsField);

A BasicEditField is an editable simple text field with no formatting. See BasicEditField in the API Reference for more information.

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http://www.blackberry.com/developers/docs/4.2api/net/rim/device/api/ui/component/BasicEditField.html


Allow the CityInfo application set the values of UI fields with city information> In the constructor for the inner class, use a select clause to control the actions that the BlackBerry® device

application performs when a BlackBerry smartphone user selects a city from the menu of the BlackBerry device application. Invoke BasicEditField.setText() to set the text value of a BasicEditField.

if (select == 0) {

lf.setText("Los Angeles");

popField.setText("3,694,820");

stateField.setText("California");

sightsField.setText("Hollywood");

} else if (select == 1) {

lf.setText("Chicago");


stateField.setText("Illinois");

sightsField.setText("Blues Clubs");

} else if (select == 2) {

lf.setText("New York");


stateField.setText("New York");

sightsField.setText("Broadway");

}

}//close the constructor code block

}//close the InfoScreen class code block

}//close the CityInfoScreenclass code block

Test the CityInfo Application in the BlackBerry Smartphone Simulator1. From the Run menu, click Run As > BlackBerry Simulator.

2. In the Choose a launch Configuration dialog box, select a launch configuration.

3. Press OK.

4. From the HomeScreen of the BlackBerry® Smartphone Simulator, select and open the CityInfo.

5. From the FullMenu of the BlackBerry device application, select a city.

6. From the FullMenu of the BlackBerry device application , select More Info.

7. From the FullMenu of the BlackBerry device application, select the Close menu item.

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Code sample: A BlackBerry device application that displays information on a city the user selects

Example: /**

* CityInfo.java * Copyright (C) 2001-2008 Research In Motion Limited. All rights reserved. */package com.rim.samples.cityinfo;

import net.rim.device.api.ui.*;import net.rim.device.api.ui.component.*;import net.rim.device.api.ui.container.*;import net.rim.device.api.system.*;import net.rim.device.api.i18n.*;

public class CityInfo extends UiApplication{ public static void main(String[] args) { //Create a new instance of the BlackBerry® device application //and start the BlackBerry device application on the event thread. CityInfo app = new CityInfo(); app.enterEventDispatcher(); }

public CityInfo() { //Display a new screen. pushScreen(new CityInfoScreen()); }}

//Create a new screen that extends MainScreen and provides//behaviour similar to that of other BlackBerry device applications.final class CityInfoScreen extends MainScreen{ //declare variables for later use private InfoScreen _infoScreen; private ObjectChoiceField choiceField; private int select;

public CityInfoScreen() { //Invoke the MainScreen constructor. super();

//Add a screen title. LabelField title = new LabelField("City Information Kiosk", LabelField.ELLIPSIS | LabelField.USE_ALL_WIDTH); setTitle(title);

//Add a text label. add(new RichTextField("Major U.S. Cities"));

//Add a drop-down list with the names of three cities as choice items:

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//Los Angeles, Chicago, or New York. String choices[] = {"Los Angeles", "Chicago", "New York"}; choiceField = new ObjectChoiceField("Select a City", choices); add(choiceField); }

//To display a dialog box when a BlackBerry smartphone user //closes the BlackBerry device application, override the onClose() method. public boolean onClose() { Dialog.alert("Goodbye!"); System.exit(0); return true; }

//Create a menu item for BlackBerry smartphone users to click to see more information about the city they select. private MenuItem _viewItem = new MenuItem("More Info", 110, 10) { public void run() {

//Store the index of the city the BlackBerry device user selects select = choiceField.getSelectedIndex();

//Display a new screen with information about the //city the BlackBerry smartphone user selects

_infoScreen = new InfoScreen(); UiApplication.getUiApplication.pushScreen(_infoScreen);

} };

//Create a menu item for BlackBerry smartphone users to click to close the BlackBerry device application. private MenuItem _closeItem = new MenuItem("Close", 200000, 10) { public void run() { onClose(); } };

//To add menu items to the menu of the BlackBerry device application, override the makeMenu method. protected void makeMenu( Menu menu, int instance ) { menu.add(_viewItem); menu.add(_closeItem); }

//Create an inner class for a new screen that displays //information about the city a BlackBerry smartphone user selects. private class InfoScreen extends MainScreen { public InfoScreen() { super();

//Add fields to display a screen label that identifies the city //as well as information on population, state, and attractions.

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LabelField lf = new LabelField(); BasicEditField popField = new BasicEditField("Population: ", null, 20, Field.READONLY); BasicEditField stateField = new BasicEditField("State: ", null, 20, Field.READONLY); BasicEditField sightsField = new BasicEditField("Sights: ", null, 50, Field.READONLY); add(lf); add(new SeparatorField()); add(popField); add(stateField); add(sightsField);

//Populate fields with data for the city the BlackBerry smartphone user //selects. The 'select' variable stores the value for the city. if (select == 0) { lf.setText("Los Angeles"); popField.setText("3,694,820"); stateField.setText("California"); sightsField.setText("Hollywood"); } else if (select == 1) { lf.setText("Chicago"); popField.setText("2,896,016"); stateField.setText("Illinois"); sightsField.setText("Blues Clubs"); } else if (select == 2) { lf.setText("New York"); popField.setText("8,008,278"); stateField.setText("New York"); sightsField.setText("Broadway"); } } }}

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3

Testing a BlackBerry device application

Obfuscating a BlackBerry device applicationThe compiler in the BlackBerry® Java® Development Environment and the BlackBerry® JDE Plug-in for Eclipse™ is set to minimize the size of the application. The .cod file that results provides services that are similar to those that obfuscation packages provide in an effort to reduce the size of the .cod file. For example, the BlackBerry Java Development Environment removes the following information from a .cod file:

• all debug information

• local variable names

• source

• private method and member names

As such, RIM does not believe it is necessary for you to provide obfuscation for your applications in addition to the existing obfuscation that, by default, the BlackBerry® Java® Development Environment and the BlackBerry® JDE Plug-in for Eclipse™ provide for all applications. In fact, Research In Motion does not perform any additional obfuscation of its own products.

The BlackBerry® Java® Development Environment and the BlackBerry® JDE Plug-in for Eclipse™ do not integrate support for obfuscation through third-party tools. As such, you must include a command-line procedure to obfuscate .cod files for use on BlackBerry smartphones.

Preverifying a BlackBerry device pplicationTo partially verify your classes before you load your application on a BlackBerry® smartphone, use the Preverify tool. When you preverify your classes, you reduce the amount of processing that the BlackBerry smartphone must perform when you load your application.

For more information on using the Preverify tool, see the online help for the BlackBerry® Java® Development Environment or the BlackBerry® JDE Plug-in for Eclipse™.

Testing a BlackBerry device applicationWhen you build a project using the BlackBerry® Java® Development Environment or the BlackBerry® JDE Plug-in for Eclipse™, source files compile into Java® bytecode, preverification of source files occurs, and a single .cod file and .jad file is created for the BlackBerry device application.

Obfuscating a BlackBerry device applicationPreverifying a BlackBerry device pplicationTesting a BlackBerry device application


If a BlackBerry device application contains more than 64 KB of bytecode or resource data, the BlackBerry® Java® Development Environment or the BlackBerry® JDE Plug-in for Eclipse™ creates a .cod file that contains sibling .cod files. To determine if a .cod file contains sibling .cod files, extract the contents of the .cod file. Any .cod files within the original .cod file are the sibling files.

Testing a BlackBerry device application on a BlackBerry Smartphone SimulatorAfter you develop and compile your application, you can test it on the BlackBerry® smartphone. The most common first step is to set the BlackBerry® Java® Development Environment or the BlackBerry® JDE Plug-in for Eclipse™ to use a BlackBerry Smartphone Simulator for testing. The BlackBerry Smartphone Simulators run the same Java code as the live BlackBerry smartphones, so the BlackBerry Smartphone Simulators provide an accurate environment for testing how applications will function on a live BlackBerry smartphone. Each version of the BlackBerry JDE comes with the BlackBerry Smartphone Simulators that were available when that version of the BlackBerry® Java® Development Environment or the BlackBerry® JDE Plug-in for Eclipse™ was made public. You can download additional BlackBerry Smartphone Simulators from the BlackBerry Developer Zone at http://www.blackberry.com/developers/index.shtml.

Testing a BlackBerry device application on a BlackBerry smartphoneTo load, remove, or save .cod files when testing BlackBerry® device applications, use the JavaLoader.exe tool. For production applications, use the BlackBerry® Desktop Software. The JavaLoader.exe tool is part of the BlackBerry® Java® Development Environment and the BlackBerry® JDE Plug-in for Eclipse™.

The Javaloader.exe tool uses the following parameters:

1. Connect the BlackBerry smartphone to the computer.

2. Open a command prompt, and navigate to the location of the JavaLoader.exe file.

3. Perform one of the following actions:

Parameter Description

port A BlackBerry smartphone PIN if the BlackBerry smartphone connects to a USB port. You must also specify the -usb option.

password This paramter specifies the password for the BlackBerry smartphone, if a password for the BlackBerry smartphone is set.

filename The name of the .cod file for the BlackBerry device application.

Task Steps

Load a BlackBerry device application .cod file on the BlackBerry smartphone.

> Issue a command using the following format:

javaloader [-u] load .cod file

For example: javaloader.exe -u load My.cod

JavaLoader loads the .cod files listed in the .jad file on the BlackBerry smartphone and stores the .cod files in a CodeModuleGroup.

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3: Testing a BlackBerry device application

Load BlackBerry device application .cod files listed in the same .jad file on the BlackBerry smartphone.


javaloader [-u] load .jad file

For example: javaloader.exe -u load My.jad

Javaloader loads the .cod files listed in the .jad file onto the BlackBerry smartphone.

Remove a BlackBerry device application .cod file from the BlackBerry smartphone.


javaloader [-u] erase [-f] module

For example: javaloader.exe -u erase My

Save a BlackBerry device application .cod file from the BlackBerry smartphone to your computer.


javaloader save .cod file

For example: javaloader.exe save My.cod

Save BlackBerry device application .cod files listed in the same .jad file from the BlackBerry smartphone to your computer.


javaloader save .jad file

For example: javaloader.exe save My.jad

Save BlackBerry device application .cod files stored in the same CodeModuleGroup from the BlackBerry smartphone to your computer.


javaloader save [-g] module

For example: javaloader.exe save -g My

Task Steps

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4

Distributing a BlackBerry device application

Application distribution through a computer connection

Distribute an application from a computerThe BlackBerry® Desktop Manager includes a component called the Application Loader, that installs BlackBerry device applications as well as updated system applications for the BlackBerry smartphone. The BlackBerry Desktop Manager Application Loader approach provides a simple way for end users to download an application from computers to BlackBerry smartphones.

Distribute an application from a web pageWith the BlackBerry® Application Web Loader, you can post your compiled application on a central web site and users can se tup the application by using Internet Explorer on their computers to the visit URL. When BlackBerry smartphone users visit the web page, The BlackBerry Application Web Loader asks them to connect their smartphones to the USB port. They can then install the application using an ActiveX® control. The BlackBerry Web Loader provides BlackBerry smartphone users with a simple approach for setting up applications from their computers without running the BlackBerry Desktop Manager.

Distribute an application for testingThe BlackBerry® Java® Development Environment and the BlackBerry® Java® Development Environment Plug-In for Eclipse™ include a command line tool called Javaloader.exe. The executable file exists in the BIN directory under the BlackBerry JDE directory. Use the Javaloader file to quickly install and remove compiled application files on the BlackBerry smartphone directly over the USB port and does not require any descriptor files or web pages. Javaloader can be useful when you are installing and removing your application frequently during testing and development; however, the Javaloader tool is not designed for use by BlackBerry smartphone users.

Application distribution over the wireless network Using wireless provisioning can provide a better experience to BlackBerry® smartphone users and simplify sending the applications to a large group of people since you do not require a computer. A BlackBerry smartphone user can install an application over the wireless network:

Application distribution through a computer connectionApplication distribution over the wireless network


Wireless pull (user-initiated)You can post a compiled applications on a public or private web site, and BlackBerry® smartphone users can download the applications over the wireless network by using the web browser on their BlackBerry smartphones to visit the URL. When BlackBerry smartphone users visit the URL, the browser prompts them to install the application. If the BlackBerry smartphone users accept, the application downloads over the wireless connection and installs immediately.

Wireless push (server-initiated)In an enterprise environment, the BlackBerry® Enterprise Server administrator can push applications to BlackBerry smartphone users over the wireless network and enforce that the application installs. The administrator creates a new policy and indicates that the BlackBerry smartphone requires the application. Once the policy is setup on the BlackBerry Enterprise Server, the application is pushed to users without any user interaction required. Enterprises might find this approach useful when sending new wireless applications to a large number of BlackBerry smartphone users.

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©2008 Research In Motion Limited

Published in Canada.

Documents

Blackberry Java Development Environment Getting Started