BPMN 2.0 Tutorial - CRaG Systems - UML · PDF fileusing the BPMN 2.0 Modelling Notation Tutorial . CRaG Systems Page 2 BPMN 2.0 Tutorial © Copyright CRaG Systems ’97–‘12. All

CRaG Systems

Page 1

BPMN 2.0 Tutorial

© Copyright CRaG Systems ’97–‘12. All rights reserved

BPMN and the BPMN logo are trademarks of the Object Management Group

Business Process Mapping

using the BPMN 2.0

Modelling Notation

Tutorial

CRaG Systems

Page 2

BPMN 2.0 Tutorial



Contents BPMN and Business Process Diagrams (BPD)

Private Processes

Start and End Events

Activities and Sequence Flows

Exclusive Gateways

Intermediate Events

Public Processes, Pools and Lanes

Message Flows

Collaboration Processes

Sub-processes

Parallel Gateways

Process Steps as Tasks

Human versus System Pools

Choreographies, Conversations and BPEL

CRaG Systems

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BPMN 2.0 Tutorial



The Business Process

Model and Notation

Syntax only

Process independent

Tool independent

Developed by the OMG

Also responsible for

UML

SysML

Version 1.0 - May 2004 - adopted 6/2/06

Version 1.1 - Feb 2008

Version 2.0 - Jan 2011 - current

CRaG Systems

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BPMN 2.0 Tutorial



Business Process Diagram (BPD)

Private Process

Start and End Events

Activities

Sequence Flows

Exclusive Gateways

Intermediate Events

Sell Vehicle

Customer Enquiry

Received

Handle Enquiry Make Offer Process Order Process Payment

Tax Vehicle Run Pre-Delivery

Check

Deliver Vehicle

Sale Complete

Register Vehicle

Offer Accepted

pre-owned vehicle

new vehicle

payment accepted

payment rejected

CRaG Systems

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BPMN 2.0 Tutorial



Private Processes

Internal to a specific organisation

Does not show explicit interaction with external entities

Non-executable

Modelled for the purpose of documenting process behaviour at a modeller-defined level of detail

Executable

Modelled for the purpose of being executed in business process management or other system

Customer Enquiry

Received

Handle Enquiry Make Offer Process Order Process Payment

Offer Accepted

payment rejected

CRaG Systems

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BPMN 2.0 Tutorial



Start and End Events An event is instantaneous

Mostly a status phrase e.g.

“Customer Enquiry Received”

“Sale Complete”

Maybe a command e.g.

“Start Process”

Often associated with the arrival or sending of information

Start Event Indicates where a process will start

Optional but recommended

No incoming sequence flows

May be more than one

End Events Indicates where a path of a process

will end

No outgoing sequence flows

Optional but recommended

May be more than one

Deliver Vehicle

Sale Complete

Customer Enquiry

Received

Handle Enquiry

Handle Enquiry Customer Enquiry Received

Deliver Vehicle Sale Complete

Message Received Start Event

Timer Start Event

Message Sent End Event

Cancel End Event

Common

Variants

CRaG Systems

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BPMN 2.0 Tutorial



Activities and Sequence Flows

An activity is work that is performed within a business process

A sequence flow shows the order in which activities will be performed in a business process

It defines the end of one activity and the beginning of the next

No activity occurs on the sequence flow

Think of a sequence flow as the thread of activity

A sequence flow is normally only named if it is the outgoing flow from a gateway

Use an event or a conditional sequence flow to qualify it

Handle Enquiry Make Offer

CRaG Systems

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BPMN 2.0 Tutorial



Exclusive Gateways

Gateways control the flow of the thread of activity 1-N sequence flow in (‘merging’ of flows)

1-N sequence flow out (‘switching’ of flows)

Can be named with a question

Can occur sequentially

No work is done in a gateway

A simple gateway is exclusive by default

An exclusive gateway has non-overlapping conditions defined for each possible exit

Think of it as switching the flow

If no condition is met the thread is held up

Tax Vehicle Run Pre-Delivery

Check

Register Vehicle

pre-owned vehicle

new vehicle

X

Explicitly Exclusive

CRaG Systems

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BPMN 2.0 Tutorial



Intermediate Events

Indicate where something happens between the start and end of a process

Indicates the termination of the previous activity or the start of the next

All events are instantaneous and no work is done

May occur as the result of receiving or sending data (message flows)

May be ‘throw’ or ‘catch’

Activity edge event is catch only

Make Offer Process Order

Offer Accepted

Common

Variants

Make Offer Process Order

Offer Accepted

Message Received

Message Sent

Timer Event

CRaG Systems

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BPMN 2.0 Tutorial



Public Processes C

ar

Deale

rsh

ip

Sale

sp

ers

on

Customer

Enquiry

Received

Handle Enquiry Make Offer Process Order

Process Payment Tax Vehicle

Run Pre-Delivery

Check

Deliver Vehicle

Sale Complete

Register Vehicle

Offer Accepted

Cu

sto

mer

Acco

un

ts C

lerk

Mech

an

ic

pre-owned vehicle

new vehicle

payment accepted

payment rejected

Customer Enquiry Offer Customer Response Vehicle Payment

Pools, lanes and message flows

CRaG Systems

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BPMN 2.0 Tutorial



Pools and Lanes

Pools represent participants in a collaboration

Pools may be empty (black box), or show a process

A public process shows external entities as empty pools with messages to and from the pool

Lanes may be used to organise activities within a pool

The meaning of the lanes is up to the modeller

Lanes may be nested e.g. a role within a department

The assignment of an activity to a pool or lane indicates the allocation of responsibility

Car

Deale

rsh

ip

Sale

sp

ers

on

Customer

Enquiry

Received

Handle Enquiry Make Offer

Process Payment

Offer Acc

Cu

sto

mer

Acco

un

ts C

lerk

M

ech

an

ic payment accepted

Customer enquiry Offer

CRaG Systems

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BPMN 2.0 Tutorial



Message Flows

are used to show the flow of messages between two participants in a collaboration

must connect two separate pools and not two objects within the same pool

connect either to the pool boundary or to flow objects within the pool

may have an attached message

Sale

sp

ers

on

Customer

Enquiry

Received

Handle Enquiry Make offer Process Order Register Vehicle

Offer Accepted

Cu

sto

mer

Customer enquiry Offer

Customer Response

Payment

CRaG Systems

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BPMN 2.0 Tutorial



Collaboration Process

Customer

Enquiry

Received



Run Pre-Delivery

Check

Deliver Vehicle

Sale

Complete

Register Vehicle

Offer Accepted

Handle Registration

Request

Process Tax

Application Registration Application

Received Registration

Document

Sent

Tax

Application

Received

Tax Disc Sent

Registration Document Tax Application

Payment Customer Response Customer Enquiry

pre-owned vehicle

new vehicle

payment rejected

payment accepted

Registration

Application

Offer Vehicle

Tax Disc

Car

Deale

rsh

ip

Sale

sp

ers

on

Cu

sto

mer

Acco

un

ts

Cle

rk

Mech

an

ic

Veh

icle

Lic

en

sin

g

Au

tho

rity

CRaG Systems

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BPMN 2.0 Tutorial



Collaboration Process

Shows the internal processes of more than one participant (pool) in

the collaboration.

The participants can be different organisations or different

departments within the same organisation

Message flows can cross the pool boundary to attach to the

appropriate activity or event in another pool

Start and end events for each pool

Customer

Enquiry

Received



Run Pre-Delivery

Check

Deliver Vehicle

Sale

Complete

Register Vehicle

Offer Accepted

Handle Registration

Request

Process Tax

Application Registration Application

Received Registration

Document

Sent

Tax

Application

Received

Tax Disc Sent

Registration Document Tax Application

Payment Customer Response Customer Enquiry

pre-owned vehicle

new vehicle

payment rejected

payment accepted

Registration

Application

Offer Vehicle

Tax Disc C

ar

Dea

lers

hip

Sa

les

pe

rso

n

Cu

sto

me

r

Ac

co

un

ts

Cle

rk

Me

ch

an

ic

Ve

hic

le

Lic

en

sin

g

Au

tho

rity

CRaG Systems

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BPMN 2.0 Tutorial



Process with Sub-Processes

‘Take Order’ and ‘Prepare Vehicle’ are collapsed sub-processes

A collapsed sub-process can be “opened up” to show a lower-level process either as a separate process diagram, or on the parent process diagram

The events starting and ending the parent activities should be consistent with the child diagrams

Car

Deale

rsh

ip

Customer

Enquiry

Received

Cu

sto

mer

Veh

icle

Lic

en

sin

g

Au

tho

rity

Take Order Prepare Vehicle

Sale

Complete

Payment

Accepted

Tax

Application Registration

Application

Vehicle Quotation Payment Customer

Acceptance

Customer enquiry

Tax Disc Registration

Document

CRaG Systems

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BPMN 2.0 Tutorial



Concurrency: Parallel Gateway

Tax Vehicle

Run Pre-Delivery

Check

Deliver Vehicle

Sale Complete

Register Vehicle

Payment Accepted

new

vehicle

pre-owned vehicle

Car

Deale

rsh

ip

Acco

un

ts

Cle

rk

Mech

an

ic

Splits thread (token) into parallel paths

Following activities all start immediately

Each prior state must be complete at the merging gateway for the

thread to continue

Re-sync the threads with a parallel gateway before leaving the

diagram

CRaG Systems

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BPMN 2.0 Tutorial



Process Steps as Tasks

Tasks are activities that do not decompose

User task is performed by a human with the

assistance of an application

Service task uses a web-service or automated

application

Business rule task provides input to and gets

output from a business rules engine

Script task executed by a business process engine

Customer Enquiry

Received

Search for Customer

Record

Record Found?

Create New

Customer Record

Record Make and

Model

Vehicle

Registered? Enquiry

Handled

Record Vehicle

Registration

Facilitate Choice of

Vehicle

Yes

No Yes

No

Handle Enquiry Steps

Service Task

Send Task

Receive Task

Business Rule Task

Script Task

Manual Task

User task

Abstract Task

CRaG Systems

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BPMN 2.0 Tutorial



Human versus System Pools

Optional grouping of user/automated tasks into a system pool

May show data flow between user and system for each step

Customer

Enquiry

Received

Search for Customer

Record

Record Found?

Create New

Customer Record

Record Make and

Model

Vehicle

Registered?

Enquiry

Recorded

Record Vehicle

Registration

Facilitate Choice of

Vehicle

Sale

sp

ers

on

S

ale

s S

yste

m

Record Enquiry

Enquiry Handled

Record Enquiry

Request

No

Yes

Yes

No

Record Enquiry Request Enquiry Recorded

CRaG Systems

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BPMN 2.0 Tutorial



Choreographies and

Conversations

Added in version 2.0

Choreography emphasises

the messaging between pools

in a collaboration process

Conversations show

collections of choreographies

Registration Application

Car Dealership

Vehicle Licensing Authority New Vehicle

Registration Document Tax Application Tax Disc

Car Dealership Tax Disc

Received Car Dealership

Car Dealership

Vehicle Licensing Authority

Vehicle Licensing Authority Vehicle Licensing Authority

Car Dealership Vehicle Licensing

Authority

License Vehicle

Tax Vehicle

Conversation

Choreography

CRaG Systems

Page 20

BPMN 2.0 Tutorial



Business Process Execution

Language (BPEL) Allows the process to be

exported as source for

Business Process

Management system

Also WS-BPEL for Web

Services

Not all BPMN processes

will map to BPEL

The process must be

sound (executable)

No deadlocks

No lack of synchronisation

<wsdl:portType name="[if-name]">

<operation name="[op1-name]">

<wsdl:input message="[msg1i-name]" />

<wsdl:output message="[msg1o-name]" />

<wsdl:fault name="[error1a-faultname]"

message="[error1a-name]" />

...

</operation>

...

</wsdl:portType>

Documents

BPMN 2.0 Tutorial - CRaG Systems - UML · PDF fileusing the BPMN 2.0 Modelling Notation Tutorial . CRaG Systems Page 2 BPMN 2.0 Tutorial © Copyright CRaG Systems ’97–‘12. All