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CIVIL Engineering Drawing & GraphicsBy D.M Siddique (FAST-NU)
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8/28/2012
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CIVIL ENGINEERING DRAWING & GRAPHICS CH (1+2)
Dr. Mohsin Siddique
Asst. Prof.
Deptt. Of Civil Engineering
FAST-NU
Lecture 2: Building Construction- Brick Masonry
28/08/2012
BRICK MASONRYBASICS
• Masonry
• The art of construction in brick or stone in known as masonry.
• Brick Masonry
• It is built with brick and mortar
• Stone Masonry
• It is built with stone and mortar
Note: Mortar is binding material and can be mud mortar, lime mortar or cement mortar
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BRICK MASONRYBASICS
• Brick
• The standard size of Brick
(including mortar thickness) is
LxWxH= 9”x4.5”x3” in FPS
LxWxH= 23cmx12cmx8cm in SI
L
H
W
Arrises
• Arrises: The edges formed by intersection of plan surface of a brick are know as arrises.
• Header: The width side of brick is termed as header.
• Stretcher: The length side of brick is termed as stretcher.
• Frog: The depression provided in the face of a brick during its manufacturing is called frog. It served two purposes
• 1. Interlocking of bricks and
• 2. Trade marking of company/manufacturer
BRICK MASONRYBASICS
• Brick
Half or square Bat Queen closure King closure
H
W
L
H
W/2
W/2
L/2
W/2
L
L
H
W
Arrises
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BRICK MASONRYBASICS
• Bat: The portions made by cutting a brick across the width is called as bat.
• E.g., ¼ bat, ½ bat & ¾ bat
• Closure: The portions made by cutting standard brick across their length is called a closure.
• Queen Closure: The portion of standard brick made by cutting the length into halves.
• King Closure: The portion of standard brick made by cutting off the triangular piece between the center of one header face and center of one stretcher face is called a king closure.
• Bevelled bat• Split• Bevelled closure
BRICK MASONRYBASICS
• Bricks on Bed
• The position of a brick when laid with its frog in upward in the horizontal plane
• Bricks on side
• The position of a brick when laid on it stretcher face with frog in the vertical plane
• Bricks on end
• The position of a brick when laid on it header face with frog in the vertical plane
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BRICK MASONRYBASICS
• Brick work
The art of laying bricks and embedding them in mortar to form a homogenous mass is called brick work.
BRICK MASONRYBASICS
• Course: Each horizontal layer of bricks laid in horizontal direction in any brickwork is called a course.
• Stretcher course: A brick when laid in brickwork with its side surface or length in elevation is called a stretcher and a course in which all the bricks are laid as stretcher is called a stretcher course.
• Header course: A brick when laid in brick work with its end surface or width in elevation is called a header and a course in which all bricks are laid as header is known as header course.
Stretcher Course
Header Course
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BRICK MASONRYBASICS
• Quoins: The external corners of the wall are called quoins.
• Bed Joints: The horizontal mortar joints between any two consecutive courses of brickwork are known as bed joints.
• Perpends: The vertical joints on the face of wall are called perpends.
• Cross Joints: The joints other than bed joints normal to face of wall are called cross joints.
BRICK MASONRYBASICS
• Facing: The exposed or external surface in a wall is called face and material forming the face is known as facing.
• Backing: The unexposed or internal surface of a wall is called back and material forming the back is called backing.
• Hearting: The interior portion between the facing and backing is called hearting.
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BRICK MASONRYBONDS
• Bonds
• The systematic arrangement of bricks so as to avoid continuity of vertical joints in any two adjacent courses both on the face and inside of masonry structure is called bond
• Necessity of providing bonds
• 1. To break continuity of the vertical joints
• 2. To ensure longitudinal and vertical strength
• 3. to enable the structure to act as a bounded mass and to distribute load uniformly to its foundations
• 4. to provide pleasing appearance
• 5. to do masonry work quickly by engaging more mason on the job at the same time
BRICK MASONRYBRICK BONDING
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BRICK MASONRYBRICK BONDING
• Header Bond
• Stretcher Bond
• English Bond
• Flemish Bond
• etc etc
BRICK MASONRYBRICK BONDING
• Stretcher bond• This type of construction is useful for the construction half brick thick partition wall.
1/2 brick thick wall
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BRICK MASONRYBRICK BONDING
• Header bond• This type of bond is useful for the construction of one brick thick walls.
1 brick thick wall
BRICK MASONRYBRICK BONDING
• English bond• This is considered to be the strongest bond. Hence it is commonly used bond for the walls of all thicknesses.
1 brick thick wall
1-1/2 brick thick wall
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BRICK MASONRYBRICK BONDING
• Flemish Bond• It can be classified into
▫ Single Flemish bond
▫ Double Flemish bond
Alternative courses of double Flemish bond1 brick thick wall
BRICK MASONRYBRICK BONDING
• Flemish Bond
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BRICK MASONRYMASON TOOLS
IN CLASS ASSIGNMENT
• Make sketches of plans and elevations of
▫ Stretcher bond
▫ Header bond
▫ English bond
▫ Flemish bond
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DRAWING SHEET:1
• Plot elevation and plans of odd and even courses of
▫ Stretcher bond
▫ Header bond
▫ English bond
▫ Flemish bond
• Also plot
▫ Brick
▫ ½ Bat
▫ Queen closure
▫ King closure
ASSIGNMENT 1
• Visit Civil Engineering Block
• Learn about the brick work and make schematic diagram of brick bond used.
• Enquire about the local names of brickwork and various tools used during the brick work.
• Report should not be more than two pages
• Deadline: 11/09/2012
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THANK YOU
• Question….
• Comments…
• Suggestions…
• Feel free to contact
