Calculating UCT’s Carbon Footprint

Aashikah Abdulla, Nicole Chetty, Tayla Geben, Numrata Manilall, Zahraa Mathews

Staff and Student

Commuting

Introduction

Introduction Area of focus

Staff and Student Commuting (Including Jammie Shuttles), on Main Campus (upper, middle and lower), Hiddingh and Medical Campus

Scope 3 – indirect emissions as vehicles used for commuting are not owned by UCT

Introduction

What is a carbon footprint and why measure it? Carbon footprint is seen as a measure of Green House

Gas emissions that is caused by a product or service and is expressed in carbon dioxide equivalents and these emissions can be caused directly or indirectly by an activity or lifespan of the product or service

Relevant Data Parking discs

Number of discs issued Number of residence occupants that have

parking discs

Student and Staff demographics Total number of staff and students Areas they commute from

Relevant data (continued…) Jammie Shuttles

Total number of shuttles Fuel consumption for 2012 Number of trip per route per day Head count of shuttle users per month

Staff and Student commuting How they commute to campus Number of “Ridelink” participants

Data Sources As suggested by the project manager:

Properties and services – Bruce Jansen Centre of Transport Research – Marianne

Vanderschuren Carolyn McGibbon UCT Website Survey Green Campus Initiative - Joe Mayson

Data Gathered Total number of staff and students Number of parking discs issued Geographical map of staff and student

residence up to ~6.73 km from campus A sample through the paper based survey

of: Modes of transport used by staff and students Average distance travelled to campus Reasons for not using the Jammie shuttles

Area DistributionArea Suburbs Average KM

from campus

Area 1 Bellville, Hout Bay, Mitchell's Plain, Muizenberg, Parklands, Table View

25 km

Area 2 Camps Bay, Elsiesrivier, Dieprivier, Montague Gardens, Parow, Philippi

18 km

Area 3 Canal Walk, Cape Town, Epping, Goodwood, Kenilworth, Milnerton, Wynberg

11 km

Area 4 Athlone, Claremont, Maitland, Newlands, Pinelands, Woodstock

5 km

Area 5 Mowbray, Observatory, Rondebosch 2.6 km

Area 6 UCT Campus 0 km

Area 7 Much further than all the above areas 50 km

Carbon Emission FactorsDefra Carbon Emission Factors for each Transport Mode

ModeTotal Direct GHG in kg/km Classification Table

Walk 0 None NoneTaxi 0.20659 Regular Taxi 6kBicycle 0 None NoneBus (Golden Arrow) 0.1238 Bus - Local Bus 6k

Motorbike0.13981

Large Petrol Motorbike 6j

Jammie Shuttle 2.6769

Diesel (100% mineral diesel) 7a

in kg/l dieselPrivate Car 0.19443 Average Medium Car 6eTrain 0.05818 Rail - National Rail 6k

Figures taken from 2012 Guidelines to Defra / DECC's GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting

Data Sources Jammie Shuttle Fuel Report (2012)

Survey163 students responded32 staff members responded

Calculation Equations For Jammie Shuttles:

CO2 emissions (kg) = fuel consumption (l) * defra emission factor

For all other modes:

CO2 emissions (kg) = number of people * km travelled * defra emission factor (per km) of mode used

Assumptions The Carbon emission factor for a medium sized car was used as it

was observed that majority of cars on campus are medium sized.

Jammie Shuttles use diesel.

Private Cars use petrol. It was observed that the majority of cars parked on campus use petrol.

Defra Carbon Emission factors are best suited to South Africa, however South Africa would have higher emissions due to the use of less efficient cars and fuel being more carbon intensive than crude oil refining.

When a commuter uses more than one mode of transport, he travels 50% of the distance by each mode.

Commuters make 1 trip to and from campus a day for the 152 day academic year.

Calculation Example (students)

Area Mode Co2 emission per mode

# of users (in survey)

# of users (in population)

Average Km Travelled

Co2 emissions per trip to campus

1 Walk 0 0 0 25 011 (survey)

Taxi 0.20659 0 0 25 0

1721 (whole pop.)

Taxi + Shuttle

0.14461 1 156 25 565.6222955

6.7% Bicycle 0 0 0 25 0Bus 0.1238 0 0 25 0Bus + Shuttle

0.103215 2 313 25 807.4227955

Jammie 0.08263 0 0 25 0Private Car 0.19443 5 782 25 3802.432159Private Car + Shuttle

0.13853 2 313 25 1083.682409

Train 0.05818 1 156 25 227.5631364Train + Shuttle

0.14081 0 0 25 0

Scooter + Jammie

0.11122 0 0 25 0

Walk + Jammie

0.041315 0 0 25 0

11 1721 Total 6486.723

CO2 emissions (kg) = number of people * km travelled * defra emission factor

Total CalculationsTotal for each mode

GHG in kg for 1 trip

GHG in kg for 2 trips

GHG in kg for a year

GHG in tons for a year

Walk 0 0 0 0

Bicycle 0 0 0 0

Taxi + Shuttle 966 1932 293664 293.664

Bus 193 386 58672 58.672

Bus + Shuttle 2435 4870 740240 740.24

Jammie Shuttles 3550.282895 7100.565789 1079286 1079.286

Private Car 23989 47978 7292656 7292.656Private Car + Shuttle 3044 6088 925376 925.376

Train 327 654 99408 99.408

Train + Shuttle 2297 4594 698288 698.288

Private Car + Bus 621 1242 188784 188.784

Private Car + Taxi 156 312 47424 47.424

Train + Walk 113 226 34352 34.352

Walk + Shuttle 448 896 136192 136.192

Scooter + Shuttle 45 90 13680 13.68

Total 38184.28289 76368.56579 11608022 11608.022

Mode Contributions to Total Emissions

2%5%

11%

81%

1% 0%

Walk Bicycle Taxi

Bus Jammie Private Car

Train Scooter/Motorbike

Preferred Transport Methods (staff and students)

13%

3%1%

4%

25%

27%

9%

1%3%

1%

1%1%

1% 12%

1%

Walk

Taxi

Taxi + Shuttle

Bicycle

Bus

Bus + Shuttle

Shuttle

Private Car

Private Car + Shuttle

Train

Train + Shuttle

Motorbike

Private Car + Bus

Private Car + Taxi

Train + Walk

Walk + Jammie

Scooter + Jammie

Relevant Data Parking discs

Number of discs issued Number of residence occupants that have

parking discs

Student and Staff demographics Total number of staff and students Areas they commute from

Relevant Data Parking discs

Number of discs issued Number of residence occupants that have

parking discs

Student and Staff demographics Total number of staff and students Areas they commute from

Relevant data (continued…) Jammie Shuttles

Total number of shuttles Fuel consumption for 2012 Number of trip per route per day Head count of shuttle users per month

Staff and Student commuting How they commute to campus Number of “Ridelink” participants

Data Sources As suggested by the project manager:

Properties and services – Bruce Jansen Centre of Transport Research – Marianne

Vanderschuren Carolyn McGibbon UCT Website Survey Green Campus Initiative - Joe Mayson

Data Gathered Total number of staff and students Number of parking discs issued Geographical map of staff and student

residence up to ~6.73 km from campus A sample through the paper based survey

of: Modes of transport used by staff and students Average distance travelled to campus Reasons for not using the Jammie shuttles

Preferred mode of transport by students

Area distribution on students

Preferred mode of transport by staff

Area distribution of staff

Recommendations Improving Data Collection

Including the travel survey in the admission form

Storing demographic information so as not to violate privacy on access

Compiling and updating data concisely and regularly

Recommendations (continued…) Reducing Carbon Footprint

Booming Systems to prevent people parking in areas that they

are not authorized to Carpooling – Ridelink Initiative Shuttle Service

changing routes or adding routes to current schedule

Working in conjunction with public transport providers, e.g. MyCiti

Challenges and Limitations Initial understanding of project.

Lack of stakeholder cooperation

Data not available

Unexpected deliverables

Reflection Good team work

Constant communication Equal workload and contribution

No major issues No conflict No misunderstandings

Forming-Storming-Norming-Performing Model

Forming: Initiation of group.

Storming: Dealing with conflicts.

Norming: Beginning stages of successful work.

Performing: Working well to produce the final project.

Reflection (continued) Overall success

Learnt new skills Formed good working relationships