Carlos Eduardo TrivinoOracle Certified AssociateDatabase Administrator

RelationalRelationalObject RelationalObject RelationalInternetInternetInternet PlatformInternet Platform

Where we come from

Introducing

Oracle Database 10g:A Revolution in Database Technology

Oracle: #1 Database Vendor in 2004 Others15,8%

IBM31,6%

Oracle 33,0%

NCR 1,4%Sybase

2,9%

Microsoft15,3%

Source: IDC, July 2004

(Includes License & Maintenance)

Who is #1 in databases?

Oracle Database 10g Goals

Half the Cost Highest Quality of Service

– Highest Availability, Reliability, Security– Highest Performance, Scalability

Easiest to Manage

Problem: Islands of Computation Limited scalability, no resource sharing Must be configured for peak loads Single point of failure Slow to adjust to business needs

FinancialsFinancials

ProcurementProcurement ServiceService

SupplySupplyChainChain

FilesFilesSalesSales HRHR

Grid Computing Eliminates Islands of Computation

Separate serversHigh h/w & s/w costsConfigured for peakSingle point of failureHard to changeDifficult to manage

Shared serversLow cost componentsCapacity on demandFault tolerantFlexibleUnified management

Grid Solution

Coordinated use of many small servers acting as one large computer.

IT Problem

Introducing Oracle 10g

Complete, integrated grid infrastructure

Oracle Grid Computing

Low cost Highest quality of service Rapidly adjusts to meet business needs Unified management

Storage Grid Database Grid

Application Server

Grid

Grid

Control

Grid Computing Defined

Coordinated use of many small servers acting

as one large computer.

Example: In December

Order Entry maxes out processing orders Financials is idling below capacity

Order Entry Financials

Example: In January

Order Entry drops off from season high Financials maxes out on year end close

Order Entry Financials

Grid Fault Tolerance

minutesminutes

< 12 secs< 12 secs

minutesminutes

< 4 secs< 4 secs

Re-establish database connections faster with Oracle 10g infrastructure.

Oracle9i

Oracle 10g

Oracle9i

Oracle 10g

Database App. Server Total Failover Detection Recovery Time Database App. Server Total Failover Detection Recovery Time

< 8 secs< 8 secs

10 - 60 secs10 - 60 secs

10g Performance Metrics

PLSQL up to 2x Table Scans up to 2x SQL Profile Tuning huge Floating point math up to

10x Bulk LOB Update up to

3x Import up to 15x Export up to 35%

Incremental backup up 10x Parallel media recovery

2-4x Backup compression 17x Infiniband interconnect

½ latency, 2x block transfer

TPC-C – Best absolute and best on 4-

way Intel– +28% on same hardware

Business Challenge – How to Scale DBA’s to the Grid ?

Software Maintenance 6%

Ongoing System Management 55%

Installation 6%

Others

15%

Creation & Configuration 12 %

Source: IOUG 2001 DBA Survey

DataLoading 6%

10g initialization parameters

“Basic” parameters:– CLUSTER_DATABASE– COMPATIBLE– CONTROL_FILES– DB_BLOCK_SIZE– DB_CREATE_FILE_DEST– DB_CREATE_ONLINE_LOG_DEST_n– DB_DOMAIN– DB_NAME– DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST– DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST_SIZE– DB_UNIQUE_NAME– INSTANCE_NUMBER– JOB_QUEUE_PROCESSES

– LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_n– LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_n– NLS_LANGUAGE, NLS_TERRITORY– OPEN_CURSORS– PGA_AGGREGATE_TARGET– PROCESSES– REMOTE_LISTENER– REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE– ROLLBACK_SEGMENTS– SESSIONS– SGA_TARGET– SHARED_SERVERS– STAR_TRANSFORMATION_ENABLE

D– UNDO_MANAGEMENT– UNDO_TABLESPACE

Flashback Versions Query

view the contents of a table as it existed at some point in the recent past(UNDO_RETENTION).

The feature allows the DBA to see the value of a column as of a specific time, as long as the before-image copy of the block is available in the undo segment

Rename Tablespace

Useful in Transportable Tablespace scenarios ALTER TABLESPACE user RENAME to u1;

– Can’t rename SYSTEM or SYSAUX– Tablespace and all datafiles must be online– Can also rename READ ONLY tablespaces

PROD ARCHIVE

Tablespaces and Groups

Huge tablespaces could be separated for maintenance (backup&recovery) reasons

Users still have single point for storing data– CREATE TABLESPACE TS DATAFILE ‘xx’ SIZE 1M

TABLESPACE GROUP G1;– ALTER TABLESPACE NEWTS TABLESPACE

GROUP G1;– ALTER TABLESPACE NEWTS TABLESPACE

GROUP ‘’;– CREATE TABLE T(…) TABLESPACE G1;

Bigfile Tablespaces

Support for sizes up to 8 Exabytes!– 8 000 000 Terabytes– Max 65535 files in database– SYSTEM & SYSAUX can’t be bigfile tablespaces

CREATE BIGFILE TABLESPACE bigtbsDATAFILE '/u02/oracle/data/bigtbs01.dbf‘SIZE 50G EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO;

8 000 000 000 000 000 000 bytes

Crossplatform Transportable TS

RMAN> CONVERT TABLESPACE sales_1,sales_22> TO PLATFORM ’Microsoft Windows NT’3> FORMAT ’/temp/%U’;...Transporting Tablespaces Between Databasesinput datafile fno=00004

name=/u01/oracle/oradata/salesdb/sales_101.dbfconverted datafile=/temp/data_D-10_I-3295731590_TS-

EXAMPLE_FNO-4_06ek24vlchannel ORA_DISK_1: datafile conversion complete,

elapsed time: 00:00:45

Now you can transport an entire database across platforms that share the same endianess (byte ordering) in the release 2.

Crossplatform Transportable DB

Data Pump

A server-managed data transportation tool Direct load/extract capabilities Very high performance/efficient with large

data sets Replacement for exp/imp

– old exp/imp remain supported

PRODData

Warehouse

Data Pump

DataPumpClient

Data Pump

DataPumpClient

Data Pump

Commands expdp/impdp Can use files or direct network transfer Dynamic configuration, resumable operations Client can detach and reconnect Can be parallelized using PARALLEL

– Even loads to/from external text files

Monitored through DBA_DATAPUMP_JOBSexpdp hr/hr dumpfile=chap7:job_tabs.dmp nologfile=ycontent=metadata_only tables=jobs,job_history

Database Encryption(new feature release 2)

•You can encrypt any or all the columns in a table. •Since the data is stored encrypted, all downstream components, such as backup and archived logs, also have the encrypted format

How Transparent Data Encryption works

ENCRYPTION_WALLET_LOCATION = (SOURCE= (METHOD=file) (METHOD_DATA= (DIRECTORY=/orawall)))

alter system set encryption key authenticated by "remnant";

alter system set encryption wallet open authenticated by "remnant";

create table accounts ( acc_no number not null, first_name varchar2(30) not null, last_name varchar2(30) not null, SSN varchar2(9) ENCRYPT USING 'AES128') ;

alter table accounts modify (ssn encrypt using 'AES128');

Online Reorg of a Single Partition

partition by range (trans_date) ( partition y03q1 values less than (to_date('04/01/2003','mm/dd/yyyy')),

partition y03q2 values less than (to_date('07/01/2003','mm/dd/yyyy')), partition y03q3 values less than (to_date('10/01/2003','mm/dd/yyyy')))

Begin dbms_redefinition.start_redef_table( uname => 'ARUP', orig_table => 'TRANS', int_table => 'TRANS_TEMP', col_mapping => NULL, options_flag => dbms_redefinition.cons_use_rowid, part_name => 'Y03Q2'); end;

Unlimited DBMS Output

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-20000: ORU-10027: buffer overflow, limit of 1000000 bytes ORA-06512: at "SYS.DBMS_OUTPUT", line 32

ORA-06512: at "SYS.DBMS_OUTPUT", line 97

ORA-06512: at "SYS.DBMS_OUTPUT", line 112

ORA-06512: at line 2

package dbms_output used to be 1 million bytes(release 1)

package dbms_output used to unlimited bytes(release 2)

WRAP Package

PL/SQL program units often contain very sensitive and confidential information about company procedures and trade secrets

begin dbms_ddl.create_wrapped ('create or replace procedure p2 as begin null; end;')end;

Autotrace

Autotrace is now using the DBMS_XPLAN package to display the explain plans. This gives us a much more detailed explain plan.

set autotrace traceonly explain;

Conditional Compilation

Conditional compilation is the ability to make the compiler effectively ignore code (or not)

create or replace procedure p as begin $IF $$debug_code $THEN dbms_output.put_line( 'Our debug code' ); dbms_output.put_line( 'Would go here' ); $END dbms_output.put_line( 'And our real code here' ); end;

alter procedure P compile 2 plsql_ccflags = 'debug_code:true' reuse settings;

Automatic Storage Management (ASM)

Automatic StorageManagement

Eliminates need for conventional file system and volume manager

Capacity on demand– Add/drop disks online

Automatic I/O load balancing– Stripes data across disks to

balance load– Best I/O throughput

Automatic mirroring Easy

ASM – How it Works

Automatic StorageManagement

No volumes: just a pool of storage

Partitions total disk space into uniform sized megabyte units

ASM – How it Works

Automatic StorageManagement

No volumes: just a pool of storage

Partitions total disk space into uniform sized megabyte units

Efficient, online add/remove of disk with automatic rebalancing

ASM – How it Works

No volumes: just a pool of storage

Partitions total disk space into uniform sized megabyte units

Efficient, online add/remove of disk with automatic load balancing

Automatic StorageManagement

Automatic Storage Management Summary

Low Cost– Eliminates need for volume manager and file systems– Works well with inexpensive, modular storage – Better storage utilization– Easy – up to 50% less DBA/Sys Admin work

Fault tolerant Raw disk performance Capacity on demand Automatic I/O load balancing

Storage Grid - Highest Data Protection for Lowest Cost

Storage FailureProtection

ASM Mirroring Human Error Protection

Flashback Logs

Flashback

Corruption Protection

On DiskBackups

Flash Backup Site FailureProtection

RedoShipping

Data Guard

Database Server Grid –Real Application Clusters

Runs Real Applications Proven

– Over 500 production sites– Certified with leading apps

Runs on standard,low cost servers

Fault tolerant Capacity on demand New integrated clusterware

makes it easy everywhere

ERP CRM DW

Database Server Grid –Workload Management

Push-button, online add/drop server to cluster Automatic Load Balancing

– Based on “service” concept– Automatic routing of service connection requests to

appropriate server with lowest load– On server failure, automatic re-allocation of surviving

servers to services– Dynamic load balancing when service levels not met

(coming soon)

Oracle RAC 10g - Only Solution for Enterprise Grids

Mission Critical Quality of Service on Industry Standard, Low Cost Servers

Integrated clusterware makes RAC easy for everyone

Fault tolerant, scales all applications Capacity on demand Automatic load balancing

Oracle 10g Grid ManagementOne-half to one-tenth the cost

Self-Managing Database

OEM Grid Control– Grid-wide

operations– Scale from one to

hundreds of systems with little incremental cost

ERP EMAIL DW

Oracle Database 10gSelf-managing Database

Built-in Intelligent Infrastructure – Code instrumentation– Data warehouse to analyze performance of customer

workloads Automatic Database Diagnostic Monitor

– Automatic performance diagnostic engine in the database

Automatic Tuning Optimizer – SQL Profile to tune packaged applications

Automatic PGA and SGA Memory Management Lots more …

Oracle 10g OEM Grid Control

Manages the Oracle Grid environment

Scales to thousands of servers

Application Service Level Management

Configuration Management

– Provisioning– Cloning– Patch Management

ERP EMAIL DW

Business Intelligence on the Grid

Lower Cost– Leverage 10g hardware, software, labor savings– Manage millions of terabytes

Intelligence when you need it– Cross-platform transportable tablespaces– Asynchronous change data capture

More value from your data– Mature OLAP, Data Mining– Improved SQL Analytics – SQL Model Clause

HTML DB –Rapid Web Development Tool

Builds database-driven Web applications For non-programmers App developers and app users just need a

web browser Addresses MS Access proliferation problem

– Supports hosted development and deployment environment

Easy Transition to the Grid

Oracle 10g preserves investment

– Runs all existing apps on clusters

– Moves data to new platforms as fast as FTP

– Low risk - Start small and add capacity on demand

ERP EMAIL DW

Oracle 10g Grid Computing Half the Cost

– Low cost, modular storage and servers

– Complete, integrated software infrastructure

– Half the labor cost Highest Quality of

Service Rapidly Adjust to

Business Needs– Capacity on demand– Load balancing

Easy to Manage

ERP EMAIL DW

Key Technology Innovations

Automatic Storage Management

Flashback Database/Table

Fast Disk-based Backup and Recovery

RAC Workload Management

Rolling Upgrade

Cross-platform Transportable Tablespaces

Exabytes of data SQL Model Clause Self-managing

Database Grid Control HTML DB Integrated software

stack

Next Steps….

Tuesday, 2pm, Larry Ellison, Keynote on 10g Wednesday, 9:45 Chuck Rozwat, Keynote on

10g Wednesday, 2:30 Ken Jacobs, Keynote on

Ease of Management

Key Technical Presentations

Self-managing DB, Monday, 1 pm, Rm 103 HTML DB, Monday, 1 pm, Rm 104 OEM Grid Control, Monday, 2:30 pm, Rm 103 RAC, Monday, 2:30 pm, Rm 104 SQL Model Clause, Monday, 4 pm, Rm 130 High Availability, Tuesday, 11 am, Rm 304 XML DB, Tuesday, 11 am, Rm 130 Grid, Tuesday, 3:30 pm, Rm 102 ASM, Wednesday, 11 am, Rm 103 Streams, Wednesday, 1 pm, Rm 103 OLAP, Thursday, 1 pm, Rm 131

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