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Causes of insecurity, from global to local Food Security

Causes of insecurity, from global to local Food Security

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Page 1: Causes of insecurity, from global to local Food Security

Causes of insecurity, from global to

local

Food Security

Page 2: Causes of insecurity, from global to local Food Security

Food Security

Food security : when all people at all times have access to sufficient, safe, nutritious food to maintain a healthy and active life

Page 3: Causes of insecurity, from global to local Food Security

Components of Food Security

The Centre for Studies in Food Security notes five components of food security:

1. Availability:   Sufficient food for all people at all times;

Page 4: Causes of insecurity, from global to local Food Security

Components of Food Security

The Centre for Studies in Food Security notes five components of food security:

2. Accessibility:  Physical and economic access to food for all at all times;

Page 5: Causes of insecurity, from global to local Food Security

Components of Food Security

The Centre for Studies in Food Security notes five components of food security:

3. Adequacy:      Access to food that is nutritious and safe, and produced in environmentally sustainable ways

Page 6: Causes of insecurity, from global to local Food Security

Components of Food Security

4. Acceptability: Access to culturally acceptable food, which is produced and obtained in ways that do not compromise people's dignity, self-respect or human rights.

Page 7: Causes of insecurity, from global to local Food Security

Components of Food Security

5. Agency:  The policies and processes that enable the achievement of food security.

Page 9: Causes of insecurity, from global to local Food Security

Issues in food security: Rising Food

PricesWhy are politicians becoming more involved with the issue of food insecurity?

The radio broadcast reports that many organizations predict food prices to double in upcoming years. If this happens, what do you think the political effects will be? What about the humanitarian effects?

Page 10: Causes of insecurity, from global to local Food Security

Food Security in India

http://pulitzercenter.org/video/newshour-indias-growing-problem-food-productions

Page 11: Causes of insecurity, from global to local Food Security

Food Security in India

What type of food insecurity (lack of food or lack of nutrition) is the most prevalent in India?

How big a role does water availability play into food security in India?

What impact will additional water pumps, dry season cropping, fertilizers, pesticides and other food insecurity solutions have on the environment?

Page 12: Causes of insecurity, from global to local Food Security

Food Security in Nigeria

http://pulitzercenter.org/video/nigeria-families-left-hungry

Page 13: Causes of insecurity, from global to local Food Security

Food Security in Nigeria

What type of food insecurity (lack of food or lack of nutrition) is the most prevalent in Nigeria?

What factors foster food insecurity in Nigeria?

What conclusions can you draw about the role of government in ensuring food security from this video?

Page 14: Causes of insecurity, from global to local Food Security

Food Security in Canada

How big of an issue?

Page 15: Causes of insecurity, from global to local Food Security

Canadian Food Security Stats

9% or 2.7 million Canadians are considered "food insecure"

This means that many Canadians are not sure where their next meal is coming from or if they’ll have enough resources to prepare a sufficient and nutritious meal for themselves or their families.

Page 16: Causes of insecurity, from global to local Food Security
Page 17: Causes of insecurity, from global to local Food Security
Page 18: Causes of insecurity, from global to local Food Security

Food bank use is at a record high, with

867, 948 Canadians relying on food banks in a one month period.

Of these food bank users, 41% are children

Page 19: Causes of insecurity, from global to local Food Security

Vulnerable to Food Insecurity

Income Assistance Recipients - People who receive income assistance as their main source of income, make up over 50% of the clients at food banks

Page 20: Causes of insecurity, from global to local Food Security

Vulnerable to Food Insecurity

Working Poor - The second largest group of food bank clients are people with jobs, at about 13.1%. Due to low wage incomes, they are unable to meet basic needs for themselves and their families, even with full-time jobs.

Page 21: Causes of insecurity, from global to local Food Security

Vulnerable to Food Insecurity

Seniors - About 7.1% of food bank clients are seniors.

Page 22: Causes of insecurity, from global to local Food Security

Vulnerable to Food Insecurity

Children - Children under 18 represent approximately 40.7% of food bank clients in Canada, and the situation of child poverty has not improved since 1989 when Canada had made an all-party resolution to end child poverty.

Page 23: Causes of insecurity, from global to local Food Security

Vulnerable to Food Insecurity

Lone Mothers - According to Statistics Canada,1 in 4 of Canada’s lone-parent or single-parent families, are headed by women; 41% of whom, in 2001, were living below the poverty line.

Page 24: Causes of insecurity, from global to local Food Security

Why does hunger exist in Canada?

What are some reasons for food insecurity?

 Unequal distribution of food globally and locally

 Societal treatment of food as a commodity

 Inadequate resources to produce food in a sustainable way

Limiting trade restrictions and government policies on food exportation and importation

 Poverty

Page 25: Causes of insecurity, from global to local Food Security

Approaches to Address Food Security

Issuesi. Short Term

Short-term relief strategies are the first level on the Food Security continuum. 

This level represents emergency programs such as charitable food distribution agencies which intervene to prevent hunger and famine in times of environmental, societal or personal crisis.  

Page 26: Causes of insecurity, from global to local Food Security

Approaches to Address Food Security

IssuesExamples:

Babies First/Steps and StagesPregnant women and families with children under 18 months have access to a food cupboard, food vouchers, nutritious snacks and lunch at these CPNP/CAPC drop-in programs at the Ontario Early Years Centre. 

Page 27: Causes of insecurity, from global to local Food Security

Approaches to Address Food Security

IssuesSoup KitchensUsually held in a church basement or other community building where the community provides free food to people living on the street or who are in need.

Page 28: Causes of insecurity, from global to local Food Security

Approaches to Address Food Security

Issues

ii. Capacity Building

Effort to bridge gaps between the community and public policy, and to build-up the capacity of individuals to improve or control their own food-provision situation.

Page 29: Causes of insecurity, from global to local Food Security

Approaches to Address Food Security

IssuesCommunity Kitchens (Peer-Led)

Collective Kitchens are a place where people can meet to cook food for themselves and/or their families. Prices are kept low as meals are planned based around supermarket specials. Community Members may meet twice a month - once to plan and once to cook 3 to 5 meals to take home.

Page 30: Causes of insecurity, from global to local Food Security

Approaches to Address Food Security

IssuesCommunity Gardens• A Community Garden is a cooperative venture in which families, groups or individuals get together to grow their own vegetables, fruits, herbs, and flowers on public or private land. There are several sites located around the city to garden.

Page 31: Causes of insecurity, from global to local Food Security

Approaches to Address Food Security

Issuesiii. Structural Redesign

The redesign approach is the most effective strategy for attacking the core issues of poverty, food system sustainability, and promoting the connection between health and social environment.

Page 32: Causes of insecurity, from global to local Food Security

Approaches to Address Food Security

IssuesNutritious Food Basket

The National Nutritious Food Basket (NNFB), which is a list of 66 food items that has been validated for use in Nova Scotia to estimate the cost of a basic, nutritious diet.  In 2002 it was found that the cost of the NNFB for a family of four was $502.79, a   price which many Nova Scotians cannot afford, especially those living on Income Assistance or earning  minimum-wage.