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What is a Cell?What is a Cell?
A cell is the smallest unit that is A cell is the smallest unit that is capable of performing life capable of performing life
functions. functions.
It is the basic unit of living things.It is the basic unit of living things.
Cell TheoryCell Theory
• All living things are made up of cells. All living things are made up of cells. • Cells are the smallest working units of all Cells are the smallest working units of all
living things. living things. • All cells come from preexisting cells All cells come from preexisting cells
through cell division. through cell division.
Cell OrganellesCell Organelles
• Cell Parts are referred to as organelles.Cell Parts are referred to as organelles.
Cell WallCell Wall
Most commonly found in plant cells & bacteria
Supports & protects cells
Cell Wall
Cell MembraneCell Membrane
• protective layer around all cells• allows food and oxygen into the cell and waste products out
of the cell.
Cell Wall
Cell Membrane
CytoplasmCytoplasm
• Gel-like materialGel-like material• Surrounded by cell membraneSurrounded by cell membrane
Cell Wall
Cell MembraneCytoplasm
NucleusNucleus
• contains instructions for everything cell does; includes DNA
Cell Wall
Cell MembraneCytoplasm
Nucleus
RibosomeRibosome
• Each cell contains thousandsEach cell contains thousands• Make proteinsMake proteins
– (Think of it like a battery plant!)(Think of it like a battery plant!)
• Found on ER & floating throughout the cellFound on ER & floating throughout the cell
Cell Wall
Cell MembraneCytoplasm
Nucleus
Ribosome
Endoplasmic Reticulum Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER for Short)(ER for Short)
• Moves materials around in cell Moves materials around in cell – (Like a highway)(Like a highway)
• Smooth type: lacks ribosomesSmooth type: lacks ribosomes• Rough type : ribosomes embedded in surface Rough type : ribosomes embedded in surface
Cell Wall
Cell MembraneCytoplasm
Nucleus
Ribosome
ER
MitochondrionMitochondrion
• releases energy from food– (Energy Plant)(Energy Plant)
• Controls level of water and other materials in cellControls level of water and other materials in cell
Cell Wall
Cell MembraneCytoplasm
Nucleus
Ribosome
ER
Mitochondrion
ChloroplastsChloroplasts• Found only in plant cells.• Contains green chlorophyllContains green chlorophyll• Where photosynthesis takes placeWhere photosynthesis takes place• Helps plant cells make food.Helps plant cells make food.
Cell Wall
Cell MembraneCytoplasm
Nucleus
Ribosome
ER
MitochondrionChloroplasts
VacuoleVacuole
• membrane-bound temporary storage spaces• Contains water solutionContains water solution• Help plants maintain shapeHelp plants maintain shape
Cell Wall
Cell MembraneCytoplasm
Nucleus
Ribosome
ER
MitochondrionChloroplasts
Vacuoles
Golgi BodyGolgi Body
• Protein 'packaging plant'Protein 'packaging plant'• Move materials within the cellMove materials within the cell• Move materials out of the cellMove materials out of the cell
Cell Wall
Cell MembraneCytoplasm
Nucleus
Ribosome
ER
MitochondrionChloroplasts
Vacuoles
Golgi Body
Make a CellMake a Cell
• Your assignment:Your assignment:– We will make a model of the cell using the We will make a model of the cell using the
materials on the table.materials on the table.– You must use the paper plate as the basis of You must use the paper plate as the basis of
your cell.your cell.
BibliographyBibliography
• http://www.science-class.net/PowerPoints/http://www.science-class.net/PowerPoints/Cell_structure_function.htmCell_structure_function.htm
• Glencoe Life Structure Book AGlencoe Life Structure Book A