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Cellular Adaptation, Cell Injury Cellular Adaptation, Cell Injury & Cell Death& Cell Death

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HypertrophyHypertrophy HyperplasiaHyperplasia AtrophyAtrophy

Responses to StressResponses to Stress

AtrophyAtrophy MetaplasiaMetaplasia

HypertrophyHypertrophy

Cardiac HypertrophyCardiac Hypertrophy

Increased numbersIncreased numbers Cell Cycle and HyperplasiaCell Cycle and Hyperplasia

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Cell SignalingCell Signaling Liver RecoveryLiver Recovery

Compensatory HyperplasiaCompensatory Hyperplasia Compensatory HyperplasiaCompensatory Hyperplasia

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AtrophyAtrophyAtrophyAtrophy

MetaplasiaMetaplasia

Injury and Cell DeathInjury and Cell Death

InjuryInjury ReversibleReversible IrreversibleIrreversible

Cell DeathCell Death “Bring out your Dead”“Bring out your Dead”

Types of InjuryTypes of Injury

HypoxicHypoxic Physical agentsPhysical agents ChemicalChemical InfectiousInfectious ImmunologicalImmunological GeneticGenetic NutritionalNutritional NeoplasticNeoplastic PsychiatricPsychiatric

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Dead and NearDead and Near--DeadDead

All InterconnectedAll Interconnected

A real surgeryA real surgery

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The Doctor SezThe Doctor Sez

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Lab TestsLab Tests CPKCPK LDHLDH ASTAST ALTALT PSAPSA

Very ReactiveVery Reactive

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Dead and NearDead and Near--DeadDeadTakes TimeTakes Time

Reversible +/Reversible +/-- SwellingSwelling VacuolesVacuoles VacuolesVacuoles Membrane blebsMembrane blebs Mitochondria changesMitochondria changes

Dead cell, necrosisDead cell, necrosis AutolysisAutolysis Nuclear disintegrationNuclear disintegration

Nuclear PyknosisNuclear Pyknosis

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Renal tubular cell death.Renal tubular cell death. PyknosisPyknosis

Renal tubular cell death.Renal tubular cell death.

Gangrenous necrosisGangrenous necrosis Not too specificNot too specific Subset of Subset of coagulativecoagulative necrosisnecrosis Gets infectedGets infected

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FibrinoidFibrinoid An An exudateexudate, not really a special form of , not really a special form of

necrosis.necrosis. Results from “immune complexResults from “immune complex” injury.” injury.

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Eat the PuddingEat the Pudding

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Two Ways, Same EndTwo Ways, Same End

ApoptosisApoptosis ExtrinsicExtrinsic

Signaling proteinsSignaling proteins TNFTNF

IntrinsicIntrinsic MitochondrialMitochondrial

When to replace?When to replace?

Intrinsic apoptosisIntrinsic apoptosis Extrinsic apoptosisExtrinsic apoptosis

No InflammationNo Inflammation

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Trying to Save the DayTrying to Save the Day

LipofuscinLipofuscin Smooth ERSmooth ER

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Funky MitochondriaFunky Mitochondria Cytoskeletal ProteinsCytoskeletal Proteins

Cellular VacuolesCellular Vacuoles Fatty MetamorphosisFatty Metamorphosis

XanthomasXanthomas

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Fatty InfiltrationFatty Infiltration

Protein AccumulationProtein Accumulation AlphaAlpha--11--Antirypsin DeficiencyAntirypsin Deficiency

PigmentsPigmentsCoal Worker’s LungCoal Worker’s Lung

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Tissue RocksTissue Rocks

Heterotopic BoneHeterotopic Bone

Psammoma BodiesPsammoma Bodies

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Hyaline ChangeHyaline ChangeAgingAging

Fibroblast DivisionsFibroblast Divisions

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