Cell Parts and FunctionsCell Parts and Functions

The structures within the cellThe structures within the cellfunction in storing and function in storing and releasing energy, building and releasing energy, building and repairing cell parts, getting rid repairing cell parts, getting rid of waste materials, responding of waste materials, responding to the environment, andto the environment, andreproducing.reproducing.

Cell structures are called Cell structures are called organellesorganelles meaning meaning ““littlelittleorganorgan””

Label your animal cell diagramLabel your animal cell diagram

Chromosomes

Centrioles

Cell MembraneCell Membrane

- Limits what materials Limits what materials enter or leave the cellenter or leave the cell

- Allows the cell to Allows the cell to change shape under change shape under pressurepressure

- Thin flexible envelope Thin flexible envelope surrounding the cellsurrounding the cell

NucleusNucleus

- control center of the control center of the cell that directs all cell that directs all cell activitiescell activities

- contains contains chromosomes and chromosomes and nucleolus, DNA, and nucleolus, DNA, and RNARNA

Nuclear MembraneNuclear Membrane

- separates theseparates the

nucleus from the othernucleus from the other

parts of the cellparts of the cell

- controls thecontrols the

substances that entersubstances that enter

and leave the nucleusand leave the nucleus

NucleolusNucleolus

- a dark spot found a dark spot found inside the nucleusinside the nucleus

- small dense small dense organelle within the organelle within the nucleus where RNA nucleus where RNA is madeis made

- made up of RNA and made up of RNA and proteinprotein

ChromosomesChromosomes

- A large mass of thin A large mass of thin threads made of threads made of DNA DNA

- contain instructionscontain instructionsfor the finished for the finished products of the cellproducts of the cell

- Passes on the traits Passes on the traits of the cell to new of the cell to new cellscells

CytoplasmCytoplasm

- jelly like substancejelly like substance

- area between the area between the nucleus and the cell nucleus and the cell membranemembrane

- all the living material of all the living material of the cell, outside of the the cell, outside of the nucleusnucleus

Endoplasmic ReticulumEndoplasmic Reticulum

- smooth and rough ERsmooth and rough ER

- tubular passageways tubular passageways that lead out from the that lead out from the nuclear membranenuclear membrane

- Transports substances Transports substances back and forth from the back and forth from the nucleus to the other nucleus to the other parts of the cellparts of the cell

RibosomesRibosomes

- structures where structures where proteins are madeproteins are made

- small, grain like bodies small, grain like bodies made primarily of RNAmade primarily of RNA

- Some attached to ER Some attached to ER or floating free in or floating free in cytoplasmcytoplasm

MitochondriaMitochondria

- power generators of power generators of the cell—releases the cell—releases energyenergy

- rod shaped organellesrod shaped organelles

- Smooth outer Smooth outer membrane and greatly membrane and greatly folded inner membranefolded inner membrane

VaculoesVaculoes

- storage areasstorage areas

- Fluid-filled membrane Fluid-filled membrane surrounded cavities surrounded cavities inside a cellinside a cell

- Larger in plant cellsLarger in plant cells

Golgi BodyGolgi Body

- packages protein and packages protein and carbohydrates for carbohydrates for export from the cellexport from the cell

- flattened, layered, sac-flattened, layered, sac-like structure located like structure located near the nucleusnear the nucleus

CentriolesCentrioles

- help divide the nucleus help divide the nucleus during mitosisduring mitosis

- composed of small composed of small spindlesspindles

- suicide sackssuicide sacks

- common in animal common in animal cellscells

- round organelles round organelles surrounded by a surrounded by a membrane that contain membrane that contain digestive enzymesdigestive enzymes

Label your plant cell Label your plant cell diagramdiagram

Centrioles

ChloroplastsChloroplasts

- a disc shaped a disc shaped organelle containing organelle containing chlorophyllchlorophyll

- photosynthesis takes photosynthesis takes place in the place in the chloroplastschloroplasts

Cell WallCell Wall

- thick, rigid membrane thick, rigid membrane that surrounds the that surrounds the plant cellplant cell

- bonds with other cell bonds with other cell walls to form the walls to form the structure of the plantstructure of the plant