Cell Structure & Processes Study Guide

1. What are the products of photosynthesis? GLUCOSE AND OXYGEN

2. Osmosis is the diffusion of _water___ through a cell membrane?

3. How would sugar entering a cell that already contains a high concentration of sugar get thorough a cell membrane and into the cell? Active Transport

4. The equation: 6CO2 + 6H2O + light energy --------› C6H1206 + 6O2 is the equation for __photosynthesis___

5. The equation: C6H12O6 + 6O2 --------›6CO2 + 6H2O + energy (ATP) is the equation for__cellular respiration._

6. Cellular respiration takes place in a cell’s _Mitochondria_.

7. The process of photosynthesis takes place in the _Cholorplast_of the plant cell.

8. What gas do plants take out of the atmosphere and use in the process of photosynthesis? Carbon Dioxide

9. What gas do animals take out of the atmosphere and use in the process of cellular respiration? Oxygen

10. What waste gas is produced by the process of photosynthesis?____Oxygen___

11. What waste gas is produced by the process of cellular respiration? __Carbon Dioxide_

12. What happens when a cell reaches equilibrium?_particles enter and leave the cell at the same rate

13. What happens to the cells of your body as you grow? Cells divide to make more cells. These cells will grow to become the same size as the original cell.

14. Why is oxygen important for plants and animals? It is required for cellular respiration

Vocabulary Words: Match the following words up to their definitions. Write the letter of the word in the space provided.

15. __H___ The movement of dissolved materials through a cell membrane without using cellular energy.

16. __C___ The movement of materials through a cell membrane using cellular energy.

A.selectively permeable

B.exocytosisC.active transport

17. __A___ Cells have _________ membranes so some substances can pass through the membrane while others can’t.

18. __F___ The process in which a cell membrane surrounds a particle and encloses it in a vesicle to bring it into the cell.

19. _B__ The process used to remove large particles from a cell.

20. _D_ The natural processes by which molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of low concentration.

21. _E___ The diffusion of water molecules through a selectively permeable membrane

22. _G__ The process where a single cell splits into 2 genetically identical cells

Using the following terms, correctly sequence the levels of organization for structure and function in an animal: Tissue, cell, organ system, organ, organelle23. ___organelle__________ ____cell____________ ______tissue_______

__organ______________ _______organ system___

Match the following words up to their definitions. Write the letter of the word in the space provided. (2 words will be used twice)

24. __C___ Most cell organelles are contained here 25. __A__ Where most DNA is stored in Eukaryotic cells 26 . _B____ Provides support and structure to a cell 27. __A___ The “brain” of the cell 28. __D___The organelle that uses glucose and oxygen to produce energy 29. __D____ Site of cellular respiration

30. How do organisms get energy during cellular respiration? _from food____________

31. List three types of passive transport1.____Osmosis____________

`2.____Diffusion________

3._____Facilitated__diffusion_

32. Identify and explain the stages of the cell cycle.

Interphase – Before mitosis begins, chromosomes are copied each chromosomes becomes 2 chromatids

Prophase – Mitosis begins chromosomes condense from long strands into rod like structures

Metaphase – Nuclear membrane is dissolved; paired chromosomes align at cell equator

A.selectively permeable

B.exocytosisC.active transport

A. NucleusB. Cell wallC. CytoplasmD. Mitochondria

Anaphase – Chromatids separate and move to the opposite sides of the cell.

Telophase – Nuclear membrane forms around each set of chromosomes, chromosomes unwind

Cytokinesis – Cell pinches in two (lack cell wall) a plate forms between the two (with cell wall)