CELL REVIEW

WHAT STRUCTURES MAKE UP PROKARYOTIC CELLS?Cell wallCell membraneCytoplasmRibosomesDNA/RNA

WHAT SETS EUKARYOTIC CELLS APART FROM PROKARYOTIC CELLS?Internal membrane bound structures like the nucleus

WHICH ORGANISMS ARE MAKE UP OF PROKARYOTIC CELLS?bacteria

WHICH ORGANISMS ARE MADE OF EUKARYOTIC CELLS?ProtistsFungiPlantsanimals

WHAT STRUCTURES ARE FOUND IN PLANT CELLS BUT NOT ANIMAL CELLS?Cell wallChloroplastvacuoles

WHAT ARE THE FUNCTIONS OF THE CELL MEMBRANE?Maintaining cellular homeostasisProvides structure and support Regulates what materials enters and leaves

WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF CHLOROPLAST?PhotosynthesisCollect sunlight energy and convert carbon dioxide and water

into glucose and oxygenProduces food for the plant

WHAT CELL ORGANELLE IS SHOWN BELOW?chloroplast

WHY DO MANY SCIENTISTS BELIEVE THAT THE MITOCHONDRIA AND CHLOROPLAST EVOLVED FROM PROKARYOTIC CELLS?They are composed of double membranesThey have circular DNAThey have similar reproduction

HOW DO UNICELLULAR ORGANISMS DIFFER FROM MULTICELLULAR ORGANISMS?Unicellular organisms are made up of a single cell that must

perform all of the life tasksMulticellular organisms are made up of many cells which may

divide the life functions amongst many specialized cells

WHAT IS THE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF A RIBOSOME?they assemble proteins (protein synthesis)They are composed of RNA and protein but are not membrane

bound

WHAT IS THE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE CELL WALL?They are composed of complex carbohydratesSupport and protection

HAIRLIKE PROJECTIONS ON THE CELL MEMBRANE ARE CALLED…ciliaThey are for locomotion

LONG, WHIP-LIKE PROJECTIONS FROM THE CELL MEMBRANE ARE CALLED…FlagellaAre used for locomotion

WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE MITOCHONDRIA?To produce energy for the cell in the form of ATPCarries out cellular respiration to produce energy

WHAT CELLULAR ORGANELLE IS SHOWN BELOW?Mitochondria

WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE LYSOSOME?Uses enzymes to break down cellular wasteIt is the clean up crew of the cell

WHAT CELLULAR ORGANELLE IS SHOWN BELOW?Lysosome

WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM?Transports substances like protein around the cell

WHAT CELLULAR ORGANELLES ARE SHOWN BELOW?Endoplasmic reticulumGolgi apparatus

WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE GOLGI APPARATUS?Alter and package cellular proteins for transport within and

out of the cell

WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE VACUOLE?To store water, food, etc.

WHICH BIOMOLECULE IS SHAPED LIKE RINGS AND HAS A 1:2:1 RATIO OF C, H, O?CarbohydratesSingle rings are monosaccharides like glucoseDouble rings are disaccharides like sucroseMany rings are polysaccharides like starch

WHICH BIOMOLECULES HAVE NO MONOMERS AND HAVE A MUCH GREATER THAN 2:1 RATIO OF H TO O?Lipids (fats, oils, waxes)

WHICH BIOMOLCULES ARE FOUND IN CHAINS AND CONTAIN C, H, O, AND N?ProteinsEnzymes are proteins that catalyze chemical reactions

PUT THE LEVELS OF ORGANIZATION IN ORDER FROM LEAST TO MOST COMPLEX…AtomMoleculeOrganelleCellTissueOrganOrgan systemorganism

WHEN A SUBSTANCE ENTERS AN ENZYME TO BE CATALYZED IT IS CALLED A…Substrate

WHEN SUBSTANCES EXIT AN ENZYME AFTER BEING CATALYZED THEY ARE CALLED…Products

WHAT HAPPENS TO AN ENZYME ONCE IT HAS CATALYZED A REACTION?It is reused