Chapter 3Cells

Section 1 – Microscope Section 2 – Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells,

cell membrane Section 3 – Cell organelles

Cells

Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes

Lack a nucleus◦ pro – means “before”◦ karyon – means “nut or kernal”

pertains to the nucleus Lack organelles

Prokaryotes

Generally smaller Less complex

Prokaryotes

Don’t focus just on the negatives! We have:

◦ Cell membrane Separates the inside from the outside of the

cell Controls what comes in/goes out of the cell

◦Cell wall Gives the cell support Outer most layer

Prokaryotes

Have flagella◦ Long “whip” like structure that allow for

movement◦ Used for mobility

Prokaryotes

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QGAm6hMysTA

DNA◦ In a loop structure◦ Free floating around the cell

Ribosomes◦ Used to make proteins

Prokaryotes

ProkaryotesBacteria

EukaryotesPlant and Animal

-Lack a nucleus-Lack organelles-Generally small-Less complex-Have cell wall-Have cell membrane-Have flagella-DNA in a loop-Have ribosomes

Eukaryotes Have a nucleus

◦ eu – means “true”◦ karyon – means “nut or kernal”

pertains to the nucleus

Have lots of organelles!◦ All have a specific job

Generally larger More complex

Eukaryotes

We have:◦ Cell membrane

Separates the inside from the outside of the cell

◦Instead of a cell wall, they have a cytoskeleton Gives the cell support

Eukaryotes

Can also have flagellum◦ Example: Sperm

Have a nucleus Have DNA

◦ DNA is inside the nucleus◦ In a structure called a chromosome

Eukaryotes

-Have DNA-Have ribosomes-Cell wall (eukaryotic plant cells)-Cell Membrane-(some) flagella

animal

ProkaryotesBacteria

EukaryotesPlant and Animal

-Lack a nucleus-Lack organelles-Generally small-Have cell wall-Have cell membrane-Have flagella-DNA in a loop-Have ribosomes

-Have a nucleus-Have organelles-Generally larger-More complex-Have cytoskeleton (animal cells)-Have cell membrane-Have DNA in chromosomes

PROKARYOTIC DOES NOT MEAN SINGLE CELLED

There are mulitcelled prokaryotes and single celled eukaryotes

Ex: single celled eukaryotic sperm cell