Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
Cellular Respiration. How our body makes ATP, ENERGY!!. Engage. ATP Gun Adenosine Tri-Phosphate (ATP) Adenosine Ribose Sugar 3 Phosphates. Explore: Cellular Respiration Simulation. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Citation preview
Cellular Respiration
How our body makes ATP, ENERGY!!
April 24, 2023
EngageATP GunAdenosine Tri-Phosphate (ATP)AdenosineRibose Sugar3 Phosphates
April 24, 2023
April 24, 2023
Explore:Cellular Respiration Simulation
To review the "big picture" of metabolism, aiding students in understanding the relationship among glycolysis, the Kreb's cycle, and the ETC. See the diagram for the simulation layout.
April 24, 2023
Explore:
Muscle FatigueYou will be using a procedure to experience and explore lactic acid buildup in muscles.
April 24, 2023
Explain:Where do our cells get energy?
6-C sugars are the MAJOR source of energy for cellWhat type of macromolecule are 6-C sugars?
Carbohydrates
Cells break down glucose a 6-C sugar to make ATP “energy”
April 24, 2023
Overall Chemical Process
C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + usable energy
(ATP)
April 24, 2023
Cellular Respiration (3-stages)
GlycolysisKrebs Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle)Electron Transport Chain (ETC)
Glucose
Glycolysis Krebs cycle
Electrontransport
Fermentation (without oxygen)
Alcohol or lactic acid
April 24, 2023
FlowchartSection 9-2
Glucose(C6H1206)
+Oxygen
(02)
Glycolysis KrebsCycle
ElectronTransport
Chain
Carbon Dioxide
(CO2)+
Water(H2O)
+ATP
Cellular Respiration
April 24, 2023
Glucose
To the electron transport chain
Figure 9–3 GlycolysisGlycolysis:
Step 1
2 Pyruvic acid
Glucose
To the electron transport chain
Figure 9–3 GlycolysisSection 9-1
2 Pyruvic acid
Glucose
To the electron transport chain
Figure 9–3 GlycolysisSection 9-1
2 Pyruvic acid
April 24, 2023
Where CytoplasmNO O2 required
Energy Yield net gain of 2 ATP at the expense of 2 ATP6-C glucose TWO 3-C pyruvatesFree e- and H+ combine with organic ion carriers called NAD+ NADH + H+
(nicotinamide dinucleotide)
April 24, 2023
Summary
InGlucose (6-C)2 ATP
Out 2 pyruvate; 2(3-C)
2NADHa net of 2 ATP
April 24, 2023
Questions
Where does glycolysis take place?Glycolysis energy yield?Breaks glucose into TWO ________.
April 24, 2023
Citric Acid Production
The Krebs CycleSection 9-2
Mitochondrion
Citric Acid Production
Figure 9–6 The Krebs CycleSection 9-2
Mitochondrion
April 24, 2023
Breakdown of Pyruvic Acid
Where mitochondriaPyruvate (3-C) Acetic acid (2-C)3rd C forms CO2
Acetic acid combines with Coenzyme A to form ACETYL-CoA
April 24, 2023
Summary
InPyruvateNADCoA
OutCO2 (as waste)
NADHAcetyl-CoA
April 24, 2023
What is releasing Energy with O2?
Aerobic respiration Where In mitochondria
April 24, 2023
Second Step: Citric Acid Cycle (Krebs Cycle)
Where Mitochondrial matrixEnergy Yield 2 ATP and more e-
Acetyl-CoA (2-C) combines with 4-C to form 6-C CITRIC ACIDCitric Acid (6-C) changed to 5-C then to a 4-C Gives off a CO2 moleculeNAD+ and FAD pick up the released e-
FAD becomes FADH2
NAD+ becomes NADH + H+
Cycle ALWAYS reforming a 4-C molecule
April 24, 2023
Krebs Cycle
Citric Acid Production
The Krebs CycleSection 9-2
Mitochondrion
Citric Acid Production
Figure 9–6 The Krebs CycleSection 9-2
Mitochondrion
April 24, 2023
ETC
Where inner membrane of mitochondriaEnergy Yield Total of 32 ATPO2 combines with TWO H+ to form H2O
Exhale - CO2, H2O comes from cellular respiration
Electron Transport ChainSection 9-2
Electron TransportHydrogen Ion Movement
ATP Production
ATP synthase
Channel
Inner Membrane
Matrix
Intermembrane Space
Mitochondrion
Summary
GlucoseGlycolysis
Cytoplasm
Pyruvic acid
Electrons carried in NADH
Krebs Cycle
Electrons carried in
NADH and FADH2 Electron
Transport Chain
Mitochondrion
Mitochondrion
April 24, 2023
Total ENERGY Yield
Glycolysis 2 ATPKrebs Cycle 2 ATPETC 32 ATP
Total 36 ATP
April 24, 2023
Elaboration
Respiration LabThree experiments that review and further explain the process of cellular respiration
April 24, 2023
What happens if NO O2?
Cellular respiration process STOPS
April 24, 2023
Aerobic vs. Anaerobic
Anaerobic DOES NOT require oxygen
Simplefast produces smaller amounts of energy (ATP)
Aerobic requires oxygen
Yields large amounts of energyWhat is this energy molecule?
ATP, ATP, ATP
April 24, 2023
April 24, 2023
Releasing Energy w/out Oxygen
Anaerobic RespirationNO Additional ATP is Formed
NO O2 leads to FermentationTwo Types
Lactic Acid FermentationAlcoholic Fermentation
April 24, 2023
Lactic Acid Fermentation
bacteria, plants and most animals
After glycolysis 2 pyruvic acid changed to lactic acid
Sometimes happens in your muscles, cramps-----Exercise
April 24, 2023
April 24, 2023
Alcoholic FermentationBacteria and fungi (yeast)
Ethyl alcohol and carbon dioxide are the end products
Process used to form beer, wine, and other alcoholic beveragesAlso used to raise dough, bread
April 24, 2023
April 24, 2023
Cellular Respiration Review
Three Main StagesGlycolysis (2 ATP)Kreb’s Cycle (2 ATP)Electron Transport Chain (32 ATP)
Glucose
To the electron transport chain
Figure 9–3 GlycolysisGlycolysis:
Step 1
2 Pyruvic acid
Glucose
To the electron transport chain
Figure 9–3 GlycolysisSection 9-1
2 Pyruvic acid
Glucose
To the electron transport chain
Figure 9–3 GlycolysisSection 9-1
2 Pyruvic acid
Citric Acid Production
The Krebs Cycle: Step 2Section 9-2
Mitochondrion
Citric Acid Production
Figure 9–6 The Krebs CycleSection 9-2
Mitochondrion
Electron Transport Chain: Step 3Section 9-2
Electron TransportHydrogen Ion Movement
ATP Production
ATP synthase
Channel
Inner Membrane
Matrix
Intermembrane Space
Mitochondrion
April 24, 2023
Evaluation
Cellular Respiration Concept Map
