Cellular Respiration

Getting Energy to make ATP!

Plant Energy vs. Animal Energy

What would we look like if we had chlorophyll in our skin?

What if all our energy was from photosynthesis?

Luckily, it isn’t! Our mitochondria break down materials to give us energy!

Cellular Respiration

Where? MITOCHONDRIAWhat? BREAKS DOWN FOOD TO

MAKE ATPHow? 1) GLYCOLYSIS

2) CITRIC ACID CYCLE3) ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN

Why? TO GET ENERGY in the form of ATP!!!!

O2D2-Hehe-a little Star Wars humor…get it? R2D2

ANAEROBIC-no oxygen required– GLYCOLYSIS

AEROBIC-oxygen required– CITRIC ACID CYCLE– ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN

GLYCOLYSIS - glyco…lysisWhere? Cytoplasm

What? A series of chemical reactions that break down glucose

How? Breaks down glucose into 2 molecules of pyruvic acid

Why? To make pyruvic acid, ATP, and

NADH!

p. 238

This is important.

Citric Acid Cycle (Kreb’s Cycle)

Where? Mitochondria

What? Breaks down acetyl-CoA to form ATP, NADH, FADH2, and CO2

Why? Drives ETC to make huge

amounts of ATP!!!

p. 239

ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN

Where? Inner membrane of mitochondria

What? Energized electrons move from protein to protein to O2

How? NADH and FADH2 give up electrons

Why? To make 32 ATP!!!

p.240

ATP FROM 1 GLUCOSE MOLECULE

FERMENTATION

When? When cells are short on oxygen

What? Anaerobic process that follows

glycolysis until oxygen is available.

How? Lactic Acid Fermentation (muscles) Alcoholic Fermentation

(Yeast)

Why? To produce ATP when oxygen is low

Brewing Industry

Bread Making

http://www.utahholidayguide.com/christmas/images/photos/baking.jpg

Sprinting

FERMENTATION(IT’S ANAEROBIC!)

LACTIC ACIDGlucose

Pyruvic Acid

Lactic Acid + 2ATP

Occurs in bacteria, plants, and animals

Results in muscle fatigue and soreness

ALCOHOLICGlucose

Pyruvic Acid

Alcohol + 2ATP

+ CO2

Yeast do it

A Comparison Chart, p.241

Lactic acid fermentation

Alcoholic fermentation

Cellular respiration

Glucose

Pyruvic acid

Lactic acid

+

2 ATP

Glucose

Pyruvic acid

CO2

+ alcohol

+ 2 ATP

Glucose

Pyruvic acid

CO2

+ H2O

+ 38 ATP

Other Products of Fermentation

Sauerkraut (fermented cabbage) Kim chi (Korean fermented cabbage) Yogurt (fermented milk) Soy sauce Sour cream Buttermilk