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Cellular Respiration
What is Cellular Respiration?
• Step-by-step breakdown of glucose molecules to release energy
• Produce ATP• Takes place day
and night in ALL LIVING CELLS
Cellular Respiration
C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + EnergyC6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy
Glucose + Oxygen Carbon Dioxide + Water + EnergyGlucose + Oxygen Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy
Where does it occur?
• In the Cell Mitochondria
Cellular Respiration3 Stages
• 3 Stages: Stage 1: Glycolysis
• O2 not required (anaerobic)
Stage 2: Krebs Cycle• O2 required (aerobic)
Stage 3: Electron Transport Chain• O2 required (aerobic)
2 ATPs
2 ATPs
32 ATPs
GLYCOLYSIS
KREBSCYCLE
Insert 1 Glucose 2 energytokens
(ATP)
2 energytokens
32 energytokens
ELECTRONTRANSPORT CHAIN
-
---
---
-
reactants products
GLYCOLYSISglucose
Oxygen Water
2 ATP
2 NADH
2 NADH
6 NADH
2 FADH22 ATP
32 ATP
KREBSCYCLE
ELECTRONTRANSPORTCHAIN
glucose derivatives
carbon dioxide
carbon dioxide
cytosol
mitochondrion
Types of Cellular Respiration
1. Aerobic Occurs in the presence of oxygen Breaks down glucose completely Releases large amounts energy 36 ATP
Types of Cellular Respiration
2. Anaerobic Occurs when there is no oxygen
available Partially breaks down glucose Releases very small amount of energy 2 ATP
Fermentation
• Anaerobic process that follows Glycolysis when there is NO OXYGEN
• Provides a means to continue producing ATP until Oxygen is available
• Does NOT produce and additional ATP
• JUST keeps GLYCOLYSIS going over & over
GLUCOSE
Glycolysis
Aerobic Respiration
Fermentation(anaerobic)
Krebs
Cycle
ElectronTranspor
tChain
2 ATP
ATP
ATP
Fermentation
• Lactic Acid Fermentation Occurs in animal muscle cells Produces Lactic Acid as waste Only oxygen can get rid of lactic acid
Fermentation
• Alcoholic Fermentation Plants, Yeast & Bacteria Ethyl alcohol is produced as waste-product Basis of wine & beer industry Bread making (rise)
Respiration vs. Photosynthesis
C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + EnergyC6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy
C6H12O6 + 6O2C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy
Respiration:Respiration:
Photosynthesis:Photosynthesis:
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
A. The process by which light energy is used to make simple sugars (glucose)
B. Producers/Autotrophs the type of organisms that perform photosynthesis
Photosynthesis Equation
Light Energy + 6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2
aka
SUN + Carbon Dioxide + Water Glucose + Oxygen
Starting Materials
1. Carbon obtained from carbon dioxide taken in from air
2. Light from SUN
3. Water absorbed
through roots
PRODUCTS
1. Glucose C6H12O6 used for energy
2. Oxygen released into atmosphere as waste
TWO STAGES
A. Light Dependent Reactions
1. Requires sunlight
2. Traps light energy in chlorophyll
3. Forms ATP
TWO STAGES
B. Calvin Cycle
1. Does NOT require sunlight
2. Glucose is made using ATP from 1st stage
Plant Cell Structure
• Chloroplast – organelle in plant cell, site of photosynthesis
Plant Cell Structure
• Chlorophyll- pigment in chloroplast that absorbs ALL but green light
• Microscopic view of plant cells
Cellular Respiration vs. Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration
Energy from sun stored in glucose Energy in glucose released
Carbon dioxide: Carbon dioxide:
Oxygen: Oxygen:
Produces: Produces:
Requires Light Does Not require Light
Occurs only in: Occurs in:
Cellular Respiration vs. Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration
Food (glucose) Produced Food (glucose) broken down
Energy from sun stored in glucose Energy in glucose released
Carbon dioxide: Carbon dioxide:
Oxygen: Oxygen:
Produces: Produces:
Requires Light Does Not require Light
Occurs only in: Occurs in:
Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration
Food (glucose) Produced Food (glucose) broken down
Energy from sun stored in glucose Energy in glucose released
Carbon dioxide: Taken In Carbon dioxide: Given Off (released)
Oxygen: Oxygen:
Produces: Produces:
Requires Light Does Not require Light
Occurs only in: Occurs in:
Cellular Respiration vs. Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration
Food (glucose) Produced Food (glucose) broken down
Energy from sun stored in glucose Energy in glucose released
Carbon dioxide: Taken In Carbon dioxide: Given Off (released)
Oxygen: Given Off (released) Oxygen: Taken In
Produces: Produces:
Requires Light Does Not require Light
Occurs only in: Occurs in:
Cellular Respiration vs. Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration
Food (glucose) Produced Food (glucose) broken down
Energy from sun stored in glucose Energy in glucose released
Carbon dioxide: Taken In Carbon dioxide: Given Off (released)
Oxygen: Given Off (released) Oxygen: Taken In
Produces: Sugar (glucose) Produces: Water & Carbon Dioxide
Requires Light Does Not require Light
Occurs only in: Occurs in:
Cellular Respiration vs. Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration
Food (glucose) Produced Food (glucose) broken down
Energy from sun stored in glucose Energy in glucose released
Carbon dioxide: Taken In Carbon dioxide: Given Off (released)
Oxygen: Given Off (released) Oxygen: Taken In
Produces: Sugar (glucose) Produces: Water & Carbon Dioxide
Requires Light Does Not require Light
Occurs only in: organisms that contain chlorophyll
Occurs in: ALL living cells
Cellular Respiration vs. Photosynthesis