Ch. 4: Slavery and Empire

4.1: The Beginning of African Slavery

A. The Beginnings of African Slavery

1. Morally wrong to enslave Christians but not Muslims or Africans!

2. Portugal's Legacy (1441)

a. Africans capture slaves in exchange for goods

b. Sugar most important commodity

4.2: The African Slave Trade

A. The Demography of the Slave Trade

1. Mostly went to the Caribbean; next Brazil

2. 5% (600,000) to the US

a. Mostly menb. 15-30 y/o

B. The Triangular Trade & Middle Passage

B. The Middle Passage1. Conditions &

travel time?2. Once on land?

C. LTC on Africa1. Economically:

a. economy suffers due to decrease population for employment

b. Slaves for goods = bad deal

2. Politically a. low resistance

to 18th C colonization

4.3: Development of North American Slave

Societies

A. Slavery Comes to North American

1. 1619 first slaves in Virginia2. Chesapeake =

a. From society w/slaves to a slave society

b. Planter elite dominate lands

c. Expensive upfront3. Slave codes (laws denying

rights)a. Children slavesb. Christianity cannot save

youc. Master can kill slave =

murder

B. Slavery & the South

C. Slavery & the French1. Natchez Rebellion

(1729)

a. Natchez Indians and slave uprising b. Although put down,

limited use of slavery until late 1700sa.

D. Slavery & the North1. Farming regions2. Port cities

a. 1-2b. craftsman

3. Quakers and slavesa. By 1758 Pa. Friends

condemns slaveryb. Push for abolishment

4.4: From African to African American

A. Contrast Northern and Southern Slaves

1. Middle Colonies a. Worked side by

side w/ownerb. Familialc. Live closer or

with owner

2. Southa. Harsher conditionsb. Slave quartersc. Benefits of living on

large plantation?

B. Families and Communities

1. No legal marriages2. Families on

neighboring plantations

3. Names influenced by both African and English traditions

4. Emotional support by “family”

C. African American Culture

1. Music and dance2. Great

Awakening3. Music feared by

owners = codes4. Foods

C. Violence and Resistance

1. Fear used against slaves: psychologically, emotionally, socially

2. Passive/aggressive slaves

3. Runaways4. Revolting: Chesapeake

and Stonoa. The newer the slave…b. LTC?

Harsher lawsc. Which type of slave is

more likely to revolt?

6.5: Slavery & Empire

A. How slavery grew the British Economy.

1. Slavery produced 95% of exports from Amer. to GB

2. Increase in population = increase demand for goods

3. Profits allowed for growth of other industries i.e.: banks & ins. co

4. raw cotton = Industrial Revolution (IR)

5. Impact Cotton gin

4.6: Slavery and Freedom“Freedom for white men based on the slavery of African Americans is the most important contradiction

of American history.”

Social Structure:

“White Privilege”

South v. NorthSouth

1. Planter elitea. 60% of wealthb. Strategic marriagesc. >100 slavesd. mansions

2. Gov’t officials3. “stick together”4. Other 50%:

1. Small farmers1-4 slaves

North1. Less cash

crops=less slaves2. More diversified

economy3. Gap between the

have and have-nots much smaller

“White Skin Privilege”1. Irrespective of wealth2. Race mixing illegal

a. Did not apply to “masters”b. Sally Heming and Ann Dandridge