Characters to know very well… Achilles Agamemnon Chryseis Calchas Briseis Thetis Priam Paris Menelaus Pandarus Ajax Diomedes Aeneas Andromache Astyanax Patroclus Identify the role the gods play both on the battlefield and on Mt. Olympus

Locations to know in general… Sparta Mycenae Ithaca Phythia and Court of Lycomedes Ilium/Troy

The gods and their allegiance Greeks

Athena (up until the Fall of Troy)

Hera Poseidon (up until

the fall of Troy) Thetis

Trojans Zeus (when he can) Aphrodite Ares Apollo

Important events leading to the fall of Troy

Achilles fights his last battle against Prince Memnon Killed by Paris/Apollo Bones placed in same urn as Patroclus Armor given to Odysseus

Leads to demise of Ajax Disgraceful death

The Greeks must capture Helenus (Trojan prophet) to know how to end war.

Helenus’ prophecy

Odysseus captures him and is told: Greeks must use the bow and arrow of Hercules

Paris is killed by the poisoned arrows of Hercules Could be saved by Oenone Refuses due to earlier abandonment

Achilles' son, Neoptolemus, must join the fighting One of the bones of Agamemnon's grandfather,

Pelops, must be brought to Troy (not in book) The Palladium, a statue of Athena, must be stolen

from Troy citadel called the Pergamum. Stolen by Odysseus and Diomedes

Greeks ready for action!!!

The Horse

Greeks must find a secret way to enter

Creation of horse Role of Sinon as ruse

Left as sacrifice but escaped! Corroborated by Lacoon’s death

Horse brought to Athena’s temple in the city

Greeks lead mass destruction

Greeks’ destruction

Complete butchery Almost no Trojan spared Achilles’ son kills both Polites (son of

Priam/Hecuba) and the Trojan King at the temple of Zeus

Aeneas (Aphrodite’s son) will be the only Trojan leader to escape!!!! Aphrodite not able to protect his wife She also safely gets Helen to Menelaus

The aftermath…

All are killed except small group of women and children Including Hecuba, Andromache, and

little Astyanax Thrown over the walls to his death Represents end of sacrifice in addition to

the slaying of Polyxena (Hecuba’s daughter) on Achilles’ grave

Greek’s idiocy

Showed extreme disrespect to Athena and Poseidon Cassandra sought refuge in Athena’s

temple Greeks tore her from alter and dragged

her out Athena turns to Poseidon for help

“Help me to vengence” He agrees