CHRIS GEE ONLINE PORTFOLIO

1PORTFOLIO

ARCHITECTURE

RESEARCH

DESIGN

CHRISTOPHER GEE

CONTACT:1606 9th Ave

SF, CA [email protected]://downwithg.com/

415.637.8059

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3INDEX G

How to Flow and Where to Dock

Our centralized parking brain will optimize the best pier for your pod or you can try your own hand at selecting one. Docking is free and you may stay as long as you like, but you may need to fit special spime-root requisites to gain membership for docking in certain zones

3.1.3 Docking at the Piers

Olympic Transit Kiosk

Science Museum

Drum Wall

Recycle Bank

$300 House

Fringe Density

Istanbul 4.0

ZiopharmReception

Pre-FabDouble T

LondonUK 04-11

BelgradeSerbia 12-23

San FranciscoCA 84-85

Sao PauloBrazil 24-47

Port-au-PrinceHaiti 48-57

ShenzhenChina 58-65

IstanbulTurkey 66-83

New YorkNY 96-101

n/a86-95

Project Site Research Urban Architecture Fabrication pg#a.

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FRINGE DENSITYPOST-RURAL TYPOLOGY FOR URBAN DENSITY / +Chris Gee+Anna Laura Govoni+[] / +[] / +Text+Information / Tat Lam+Chris Gee+Anna Laura Govoni+Na Fu[URB] Translation / HUANG Shaoting+HUANG Zhengli[UCRC] Diagrams / URB+CHENG Guoqiang

URBANUS RESEARCH BUREAU2010Chris Gee (USA), 20112012Anna Laura Govoni (Italy), 2012 (2010-2012). Cristina Peraino (Italy), 2012Tat Lam (China), Architect, PhD and URB Director from 2010.Chris Gee (USA), Architect, video maker and URB Research Fellowin summer 2011 and 2012.Anna Laura Govoni (Italy), PhD candidate in Territorial Planning and Public Policy at the Iuav University of Venice, School of Doctorate Studies and URB Research Fellow from 2012. FU Na (China), Master in Community and Regional Planning at University of Texas, Aust in (2012-2014) and URB Research manager (2010-2012). Cristina Peraino (Italy), Architect, video editor and URB Research Fellow in summer 2012.

Interviews in the urban village Caiwuwei in Shenzhen

I am not going back to my hometown. Shenzhen is my hometown. My friend from Hunan is coming out to here now.

at that time [10 years ago], the pay in Shenzhen was much higher than that in my hometown. Nevertheless, I will go back home this year because the pay is almost the same now; and also, I can be closer to my family.

16Shoes Repairman:My family was here before, but because my children go to school in hometown, need to take care of them, my wife moved back. I usually visit them several time per year. I do not think I will move back to my hometown, because I cant find job at home.I do not have enough education background. I repair bike before I came to Shenzhen 16 years ago. And I just know how to repair things

It is expensive to stay in the city now. I hope I can get more pay from my job if I work harder. A bank clerk said. I think I am the first generation migrant worker in Shenzhen. All my family has moved here. My son is going to high school this year. I love Shenzhen, and I am new Shenzhenese.

1020400-500200-300Sometimes I cannot make a penny. I often earn 10 to 20 yuan a day, not even enough for living. Moreover, I not only need to pay the rent ( 400 to 500 yuan), but also need to send money(200 to 300 yuan) to my children and parents in my hometown.

Fruit Sale:Is difficult to make money nowWe just moved here in last year. We used have similar business in Baden-Street before, but because my child is working in the Dongmeng area, Caiwuwei is close to Dongmeng.

7150042000140005500060000Restaurant WorkerI never go to the mall. I am working here [in the urban village], and I do not really need to go out. There is everything.Because the houses here are really expansive, for each of house, it has four apartments per level. (Houses are usually 7 floors.) Each apartment costs 1,500 yuan per month. The landlord can get 42,000 from renting out their house. Moreover, two storefront rent is around 14,000 yuan. So total rental income from each house is about 55,000 to 60,000 yuan per month.

1300as I know, most of the migrant workers are planning to leave, because the government started the development in the west of China. The average salary is 1300 yuan per month in Shenzhen, which is the same as Henan but with higher living expense.

75%about 75% of the students are from migrant worker family [in Baoan District]. I found the reason why they usually drop off from school is due to the fact that their families are moving back to their hometowns.

I was living in the urban village for 2 years after I graduated from my college.the reason why I choose to move out is that I got more pay from work and my girlfriend want to move to real housing community. Moreover, as I know, the rent increased a lot in the urban village as well.

Yes. I work close by. And also, urban village is more convenient and cheap for living, but its noisy, and it is damp during rainy weather.

Urban villages are good, because it can solve a large proportion of housing needs with high density environment. If there is no urban village, then these people will be force to depend on the market housings. The rent is so high. These people cannot afford. They need to move to the periphery of the city, and then it will cause other problems.

most of the people who come to the park are those from the urban village

West Elevation1/8 = 10

East Elevation1/8 = 10

Exterior Perspective

Interior Perspective

5 x 104 OA LOUVERWITH INSULATED BLANK-OFF PANELS

PRE-CAST CONCRETE CORE WALL

CORE WALL WITH POLYCARBONATE PANELCURTAINWALL

LINE OF POLYCARBONATESTRUCTURE BEHIND

5Olympic Transit KioskCompetition, London, England 2010

6TRAIN STATION

BRIDGE

WC

NEWS

INFO

BOARD

CAFEBUS STATION

MALL

MALL / OLYMPICS

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Favella Trash Flow: Paraisopolis HectaresFaveladores (residents)Tons Municipal Solid Waste per dayAgents AmbientalsCassambas (dumpsters)Garbage TrucksCatadores (informal recycle collectors)Ferros Velhos (private recycle stations)Ferros Velhos (scheduled for removal)Temporary Informal StorageTemporary Ambientals Storage

64 60k50 20 35 310003211

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cellphoneproviding cell-phone service: an indispensible line of communication for socio-economic agency

satellite dishproviding wireless communications and entertainment

water towerProvides fresh water and local water pressure to favel-ladores that can af-ford this technology

power linesa formal power grid made informal by local residents patching into the network at exposed nodes

street trashthe accumulation of waste on the streets are due to several factors including too little space in the favella units, so residents opt to put their trash in the street for trash pickers to collect. cassambas (dumpsters) are unconveniently located towards the periphery of the favella and overflow with trash. munic-ipal solid waste management recycles less than 1% annually of all materials.

catadores (informal trash pickers)these informal recyclers collect the 99% of all recycled materials. they typi-cally store & sort material in their homes. the problem is this propogates poor hygiene & health hazards, non-standardized recycle practices creating poor quality material, and low profits due to low quality product, space limitations of home directly correlates to supply/demand

ferros velhos (middlemen)These live/work typologies offer a larger repository for informal collection & immediate payment for materials to catadores. Limited storage capacity means that materials are sold when maximum capacity is reached regardless of flucations in material market value and are succeptible to lower profits, creating disincentive to pay higher values to catadores. mechanical limita-tions on breakdown of material makes for inefficient packing of space

grain silo (recycled intervention)a minimalist storage typology with minimal footprint impact and offers potential for vertical connections to other infrastructure. recycled materials can be broken down into high quality nurdles and stored like compactly like grain. this offers the informal/formal recycle collection network to store higher quality material for longer and more-controlled lengths of time such that the cost of materials may be leveraged against the fluctuting market and sold at appropriate times/seasons. catadores and ferros velhos alike may share percentages of profits by weight. the grain silo typology itself may be from a repurposed/reycled from old-unused grain farm silos or other industrial silos.

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recycle stationsferros velhos become part of the sorting system re-ceiving material for sorting and breaking down into nurdles. tracks catadores % contribution & earnings

infrastructure + recycle condensorstorage of material at a higher volume

allows leverage for higher market prices participants receive profit-shareprovides rooftop infrastructure

collection networkcatadores no longer have to store recycled material in their homes. they become part of a formal/informal network with collective bargaining leverage over the recycle industry & market

favela communitybenefits from cleaner environmentfostering recycle profit-share ethic

easier access to infrastructure

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infrastructure + recycle condensorprototypes

rooftop infrastructure nodethis low impact and high volume collection node both helps catadores breakdown and store their

materials as well as offering vertical connections to typical favella rooftop infrastructure, helping to organize and patch the organic growing nature of a favella.

outdoor theater + collection hubthis makes use of the favellas irregular twisting road network where corner spaces are often unuseable or innefficient. beneath this prototype is a recycle treatment facility that has heavier equpment to process more difficult materials. the theater aspect can be used as a community organizing space.

live + workthe superstructure grid housing the silos is an opportunity to graft other programs such as

residential and commerical

vertical farmrotating drum barrels of hydroponic agriculture can make use of the silo typlogy verticality, bringing in fresh produce and agribusiness opportunity to the local community

vertical connectortypical morphology of favellas are in canyons, hllsides, and other drastically

unsafe and difficult topologies. The vertical qualities of the silo structure offer possibilities to create vertical connections in the favella landscape

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The recycle nodes are inserted throughout the favela to give more convenient access for catadores and faveladores to equally participate in recycle entrepreneurship and collectively raise awareness of municipal solid waste stewardship. The recycle nodes are designed to replace the current ferros velhos (local recycle middlemen) typologies with more efficient processing technology and higher volume storage. Private and public partnerships are made with previously existing ferros velhos proprietors to run the new program (as a continuation and expansion of their industry) in conjunction with municipal solid waste management.

Node typologies were developed to respond to the various conditions in a favela, and each type may specialize in what type of materials it can process, but each can provide common rooftop infrastructures like water pressurization and electrical management. The base of each node contains a recycle-processing facility and storage silo while also combining other program complementary to the favela community.

prototype network site strategy+ recycle center

recycle center = recycle bankWhen nodes reach maximum capacity before designated sales are brokered, materials can be moved to the recycle center in its repository until market prices become favorable for that type of material. In this regard, the recycle center acts as a bank for materials, but also distributes the profits to all participants proportionally in accordance to their share in material weight collected.

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infrastructure acupunctureThese nodes can be surgically inserted into hotspots like acupuncture for the chaotic favela morphology. As is common in favela informal infrastructure hacks, proximity allows residents to semi-formally plug-in to this accommodating system including water pressurization, solar power, and radio reception.

recycle theater-mediathequeThe theme of the multi-recycle-programs explores the various ways that media can be recycled. On the ground floor is a recycled records shop. The top floor is a library of recycled digital and analog media. The middle semi-outdoor space is for airing public screenings of recycled media as well as a community performance space.

live + work clusterThese clusters allow for mixed-use programs that can include commercial, residential, and municipal functions. On the lowest floor is the recycle intake and processing facility with an option for commercial storefronts. The second and third floors may be used as either office or residential spaces. Each unit can cluster with other units providing a wider capacity to process an array of materials within one location.

vertical farmers marketThese can be clustered or freestanding and inhabit the lowest valleys of favelas where the ground is often too marshy and wet to build residential units. Auxiliary programmatic opportunities can include community gardens, storm water remediation, and farmers markets.

vertical connectorThe simple gesture of flowing a staircase around a recycle silo offers a vertical passageway to connect residents amongst the several valleys and peaks that riddle typical favela landscapes.

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used records store

nurdle slide (to recycle center)

distributed water pressure

radio dishes

nurdle storage silo

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water towers

solar panels

outdoor theater

recycle processing

recycle media library

recycle theater + mediatheque

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recycle bank + processing center

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Green Sky Tubesthese protrusions act as both light-well and as air particulate remediation strategy by incorporating indigenous plants that absorb carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, as well as filter other harmful particulates from processing recycled materials.

Thickened Roofthe roof widens and narrows depending on the performance required by the program that inhabits it. At its thinnest it is just an enclosure, at the thickest it contains air quality control equipment and inhabitable space.

Recycle Bank Silo Repositorythe safety deposit box storing precious processed recycled materials into tiny nurdles (small beads) that are higher in quality and stack, store, and slide more efficiently.

Industrial Air Filtrationsome processes require venting during specific parts of refining into higher quality materials.

Community Meeting Rooms & Classroomspublic/private partnerships in the recycle community requires education, community programming, and empowerment through self-organization & activisim.

Municipal Solid Waste Administrative Officessince the SP MSW agency currently recycles less than 1% of all materials, this can act as a headquarters to promote the movement towards recycling throughout Sao Paulo.

Postal Boxesinformal recycling is treated as a type of unemployment fallback for faveladores on the margins, several of whom do not have permanent addresses. These mailboxes would provide them a mailing address and more importantly, where they can pickup their paycheck.

Mesh Screen WallSao Paulos subtropical climate sees heavy rains and hot humidity. The rain screen allows for massive natural ventilation to keep the air changing for the particulate-emissions involved in processing recycled materials.

Screen WallSao Paulos subtropical climate sees heavy rains and hot humidity. The rain screen allows for massive natural ventilation to keep the air changing for the particulate-emissions involved in processing recycled materials.

Vehicular Circulationgarbage trucks, dump trucks, and cargo hauling trucks are constantly moving product to and from the site. The center of the site hosts bike lockers and enclosed parking for catadore pushcarts.

pedestrian connection west

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HOUSING FOR THE POOR

Basic living standardsEconomic self-agency

Collaboraion incentives

RUMAH CORROGATED HOUSE SYSTEM

> THE $300 HOUSE THAT LASTS FOR 50 YEARS

> A HOUSE THAT GROWS INTO A NEIGHBORHOOD

> A NEW-FINANCING MODEL

DISASTER RELEIF RESPONSE

Quick and easy to assembleMaterial efficiency

Structural strengthPackable & Transportable

URBAN SLUM REVITILIZATION

Community-building typologiesCreating zones of commerce

Flexible public/private spaces

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BUILDING A COMMUNITY IN A SCALING ECONOMY

HOUSING FOR THE POORCOST: $350 FOR 9.1 SQ M = $38.46 / SQ MVALUE: SURVIVAL, LIVINGA single unit provides working and living space, rainwater capture and security

TWO UNITS COUPLINGCOST: $625 FOR 18.2 SQ M = $34.34 / SQ MVALUE: FAMILY, GROWTH, EXPANSIONA single manufacturing typology means units can be placed side-by-side, or connected for a single family dwelling

FOUR UNITS CROSS-LINKINGCOST: $1250 FOR 49.5 SQ M = $25.25 / SQ MVALUE: SUPPORT NETWORK, ECONOMIC AGENCY, PUBLIC/PRIVATE Combining additional units creates shaded semi-private living spaces

SIXTEEN UNITS AGGREGATIONCOST: $5000 FOR 257 SQ M = $19.46 / SQ MVALUE: COMMUNITY ORGANIZATION, PUBLIC SAFETYThe combination creates a semi-private flexibile-function courtyard

THIRTY-TWO UNITS PUBLIC SQUARECOST: $10,000 FOR 632.4 SQ M = $16.48 / SQ MVALUE: SHARED RESOURCES, COMMON SERVICESA larger shared space can be used as a playground and other public functions

SIXTY-FOUR UNITS NEIGHBORHOODCOST: $20,000 FOR 1213.8 SQ M = $15.81 / SQ MVALUE: SHARED RESOURCES, COMMON SERVICESA larger shared space can be used as a playground and other public functions

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BUILDING A COMMUNITY IN A SCALING ECONOMY

FOR EVERY UNIT, ONE SIDE IS PUBLIC ACCESSTHE OTHER PRIVATE WALKWAY

PUBLIC EXCHANGE VIA WINDOWS

PUBLIC EXCHANGE VIA WINDOWS

SHARED PRIVATE OUTDOOR SPACE

WORK / TRADE SPACE =

RESIDENTIAL =

58074 075

















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60076 077

Introduction: Relinking Urban Village and Urban Tulou

community-

panopticonism

Informal Density: Post-Rural Typology of Urbanism

320

0.4

10,000

30-40150010Program: ResidentialArea: 30-40 m2

Rent: RMB 1500Type: primary residence & rental (x10)Function: permanent home for some indigenous villagers, affordable housing for migrants, students, & working poor

80-905000/Program: RestaurantArea: 80-90 m2

Rent: RMB 5000Type: ServiceFunction: secondary retail/service space

30-407000/Program: Restaurant, Retail, Salon, etc...Area: 30-40 m2

Rent: RMB 7000Type: Primary StorefrontFunction: primary retail/service space on the central commercial corridor

10-152000x2Program: Water, Laundry, Repair, etc...Area: 10-15 m2

Rent: RMB 2000Type: Tertiary Stores (x2)Function: service & utility support for immediate residences

20003-3.5/Case Study: Post-Rural TypologyType:NewUrban Village AreaDate Built: 2000Potential Rental Income: RMB 30-35kFunction: mixed-use commerical/residential (formal & informal)

Unit 11

Unit 33

Unit 55

Unit 77

Unit 99

Unit 1010

Unit 88

Unit 66

Unit 44

Unit 22

2nd FL

1st FL

1stFL Alley

Residential model analysis of Urban Village Caiwuwei in Shenzhen, 2011 (Photo/ FU NaDiagram/ Na Fu, Chris Gee)

4

Hopeless Failures: Formal Density for

Post-Urban-Village Development

60210,000

140,000

120,000

550,0003.5

9.16

Hopeful Failures: Invisible Flexibility in Urban Tulou

1. The Urban Tulou Project by Urbanus

2. Residents group cleaning of the communal spaces in Urban Tulou

3. / Cristina PerainoThe inner facade of the traditional Tulou buildings in Fujian Province. Qingxing Lou, Tianzhong village, Nanjing County. (Group Photos/ Cristina Peraino)

61076 077

Introduction: Relinking Urban Village and Urban Tulou

community-

panopticonism

Informal Density: Post-Rural Typology of Urbanism

320

0.4

10,000

30-40150010Program: ResidentialArea: 30-40 m2

Rent: RMB 1500Type: primary residence & rental (x10)Function: permanent home for some indigenous villagers, affordable housing for migrants, students, & working poor

80-905000/Program: RestaurantArea: 80-90 m2

Rent: RMB 5000Type: ServiceFunction: secondary retail/service space

30-407000/Program: Restaurant, Retail, Salon, etc...Area: 30-40 m2

Rent: RMB 7000Type: Primary StorefrontFunction: primary retail/service space on the central commercial corridor

10-152000x2Program: Water, Laundry, Repair, etc...Area: 10-15 m2

Rent: RMB 2000Type: Tertiary Stores (x2)Function: service & utility support for immediate residences

20003-3.5/Case Study: Post-Rural TypologyType:NewUrban Village AreaDate Built: 2000Potential Rental Income: RMB 30-35kFunction: mixed-use commerical/residential (formal & informal)

Unit 11

Unit 33

Unit 55

Unit 77

Unit 99

Unit 1010

Unit 88

Unit 66

Unit 44

Unit 22

2nd FL

1st FL

1stFL Alley

Residential model analysis of Urban Village Caiwuwei in Shenzhen, 2011 (Photo/ FU NaDiagram/ Na Fu, Chris Gee)

4

Hopeless Failures: Formal Density for

Post-Urban-Village Development

60210,000

140,000

120,000

550,0003.5

9.16

Hopeful Failures: Invisible Flexibility in Urban Tulou

1. The Urban Tulou Project by Urbanus

2. Residents group cleaning of the communal spaces in Urban Tulou

3. / Cristina PerainoThe inner facade of the traditional Tulou buildings in Fujian Province. Qingxing Lou, Tianzhong village, Nanjing County. (Group Photos/ Cristina Peraino)

62078 079

11

QQ

(URB)URB

/[][]

KK

http://www.ceosz.cn/SzNews/SzYw/SzNews_20120518112130_130736.html; [2012616]

http://www.guandian.cn/article/20120319/119303.html F.A.R.

3.59

Ouroussoff, N. (2008).1012Calzavara, M. (2009). D la Repubblica delle Donne,516

http://www.oobject.com/category/15-housing-projects-from-hell; http://agraphiablog.blogspot.com/2009/07/angstitecture-6-hakka-vs-panopticon.html; http://tecumseh-valley.blogspot.com/2009/07/human-desire-for-order.html.

/

11

District Governments are in competition with one another & seek out private developers to upgrade their own sectors

Provincial

GovernmentOfficial

national agenda trickles down to

local officials

City Mayor

Municipal

Official

District

Government

Land

Director

after the design gets approved, the project is handed to the regeneration department to handle redevelopment & land issues

District Government sets up the public consultancy as a way of showing an attempt to make public outreach regarding their design & redevelopment process. This is to make an announcement to the Village-Owners, however public input is often limited.

Regenerationdepartment

director

Urban Design

Director

Architecturedepartment

director

Public

Consultancy

Design Hearings

Developer

Weibo

PrivateDesignFirm(Urbanus)

DesignInstitute

(private)

TVE negotiates on behalf of all indigenous villagers (owners) land value transaction deals with developer nontransparently

Local Police Make Arrests

& Forced Evictionsresponsible for economic analysis of urban planning codes & requirements

public hearing provided after final design & redevelopment plans are approved. there is nodesign input from owners, however this is where they can voice concerns about fair pricing

Ubanus

Research Bureau

Real EstateConsultancy

Township &

VillageEnterprise

Public Hearing

Protest

Peaceful Public Demonstrations TurnedViolent

(Case Study: Xian Village, Guangzhou)

Disagrees:Holds Out

UrbanVillageOwner

Agrees:

Sells Out

HK News

Developers seek out private design institutesthat act as political brokers towards all thegovernment agencies

TVE is a Non-elected body passed down generationally through families that make governing decisions for the village owners

UrbanVillageTenants

Ethnographic

Interviews

tenants of the urban village will ultimately get evicted and displaced without any compensation or assistance. they represent the largest population affected by this process yet have the least amount power

1x

10x

100x

1000x

1,000,000x

Planning

Bureau Director

Typical Redevelopment Process of Post Urban Village. Players & Relationships. Case Study: Shenzhen

/Chris GeeShenzhen, Caiwuwei Urban Village: street (Photos/Chris Gee)

1002010/Shenzhen, Kingkey 100 opened in 2010 replacing part of the Caiwuwei Urban Village, 2012 (Photo/FU Na)

Two Parallel Research Projects

URB

63078 079

11

QQ

(URB)URB

/[][]

KK

http://www.ceosz.cn/SzNews/SzYw/SzNews_20120518112130_130736.html; [2012616]

http://www.guandian.cn/article/20120319/119303.html F.A.R.

3.59

Ouroussoff, N. (2008).1012Calzavara, M. (2009). D la Repubblica delle Donne,516

http://www.oobject.com/category/15-housing-projects-from-hell; http://agraphiablog.blogspot.com/2009/07/angstitecture-6-hakka-vs-panopticon.html; http://tecumseh-valley.blogspot.com/2009/07/human-desire-for-order.html.

/

11

District Governments are in competition with one another & seek out private developers to upgrade their own sectors

Provincial

GovernmentOfficial

national agenda trickles down to

local officials

City Mayor

Municipal

Official

District

Government

Land

Director

after the design gets approved, the project is handed to the regeneration department to handle redevelopment & land issues

District Government sets up the public consultancy as a way of showing an attempt to make public outreach regarding their design & redevelopment process. This is to make an announcement to the Village-Owners, however public input is often limited.

Regenerationdepartment

director

Urban Design

Director

Architecturedepartment

director

Public

Consultancy

Design Hearings

Developer

Weibo

PrivateDesignFirm(Urbanus)

DesignInstitute

(private)

TVE negotiates on behalf of all indigenous villagers (owners) land value transaction deals with developer nontransparently

Local Police Make Arrests

& Forced Evictionsresponsible for economic analysis of urban planning codes & requirements

public hearing provided after final design & redevelopment plans are approved. there is nodesign input from owners, however this is where they can voice concerns about fair pricing

Ubanus

Research Bureau

Real EstateConsultancy

Township &

VillageEnterprise

Public Hearing

Protest

Peaceful Public Demonstrations TurnedViolent

(Case Study: Xian Village, Guangzhou)

Disagrees:Holds Out

UrbanVillageOwner

Agrees:

Sells Out

HK News

Developers seek out private design institutesthat act as political brokers towards all thegovernment agencies

TVE is a Non-elected body passed down generationally through families that make governing decisions for the village owners

UrbanVillageTenants

Ethnographic

Interviews

tenants of the urban village will ultimately get evicted and displaced without any compensation or assistance. they represent the largest population affected by this process yet have the least amount power

1x

10x

100x

1000x

1,000,000x

Planning

Bureau Director

Typical Redevelopment Process of Post Urban Village. Players & Relationships. Case Study: Shenzhen

/Chris GeeShenzhen, Caiwuwei Urban Village: street (Photos/Chris Gee)

1002010/Shenzhen, Kingkey 100 opened in 2010 replacing part of the Caiwuwei Urban Village, 2012 (Photo/FU Na)

Two Parallel Research Projects

URB

64

Fringe DensityPost-Rural Typology for Urban Densitypublished in Urban China Magazine, Issue 56(english version)

Introduction: Relinking urban village and Urban TulouRecently, Urbanus Research Bureau (URB) is researching two parallel topics at the same time. One is the continuation of our previous research interest in the urban village phenomenon, and the other one is a post-occupancy evaluation of the Urban Tulou project. Both projects have distinct rural heritages that address hyper-density issues developing at the fringes of the city (whether an inner or outer fringe): the urban village evolved from bottom-up informal strategies of survival, while the Urban Tulou project was formally directed from formal top-down strategies to invoke informal methods of adaptive living. The urban village, originally farming villages, grew diminutively yet hyper-densely into the enveloping cityscape organically, over several decades, and changed through many layers of occupancy and land-use policy transitions, while the Urban Tulou was imported anachronistically and uprooted from place (literally as utopia means without place) and plunked down into a carefully planned alien land. The term uprooted certainly pertains to both typologies, where for the urban village, the farmlands were conscribed for new city fabric, land-use rights were forced to conform to urban standards, indigenous landowners must navigate treacherous land grab negotiations, and tenants are forced out in mass evictions during inevitable redevelopment stages, whereas for the Urban Tulou, although the typology was pulled from out of its original rural context, its aims are to re-root populations that are in transition into the context of urban hyper-density.

Where the city was brought to the countryside, importing urbanization around farm villages (now Urban Village), creating fringe conditions like swiss cheese, migrant workers are funnelled from further rural areas creating an overflowing condition of hyper-density within the Urban Villages; the vernacular tulou typology was imported from the countryside and situated within the city fabric to experiment with informal ideas to address hyper-density in marginalized populations and the systems they require to thrive outside of formal structures. The Urban Tulou prototype suggests a future of growth and proliferation of formally created informal-density models whereas the temporality of the urban village will eventually be wiped-out and replaced by common post-urban-village density models (shopping malls, high-rise towers, etc).. Attempts have been made to learn from informal aspects of the urban village but because of the stigma it bears resembling symptoms of slums, developers would rather enact tabula-rasa schemes unto those areas wiping out all connections (visible & invisible) to their historic role in the rapid urbanization of China. Perhaps the success of the Urban Tulous in its adoption

of informal strategies may be in part that it can easily be associated as a nostalgic iconic image, one begetting idealizations of Maoist re-education movement towards the rustic life as the heartbeat of the PRC, recreating an identity of a community-panopticonism and a seemingly self-contained system like the socialist work-unit. If we strip away the forms and histories from both the Tulou and the Urban Village, and further reduced them solely to their informal strategies of living and survival alone, would these design strategies find their way to inventing new typologies for (re)developments being created at the fringes of the city? Are these informal means important to cities especially at their fringes? What have we learned from the failings of both Post-Urban Village and Urban Tulou attempts?

Informal Density: Post-rural typology of urbanismInstead of plugging-in rural landscape into the city, the Urban Village is a phenomenon really about the displacement of the city fringe to sprawl and enclavize the rural landscape. Therefore, the Urban Village is recognized as a fringe condition even though sometimes it is located in the city centre. In Shenzhen there are 320 Urban Villages ensconced within the city fabric, and although the typology of urban village is originally from rural farming village, the untrained eye might not be able to recognize them because they have assimilated into the city form, but still carries with it very different land-use rights and vestiges from histories of different zoning. Being the stepping-stone to adapt to the more institutional city life, informal density of social activities makes sense to the farmer migrants to firstly aggregate in the city. We would like to define the spatial quality of urban village with the idea of informal density, which is different from FAR, population and other quantitative concepts. Instead, informal density describes the intensity of social networking and everyday life activities. This idea closely associated with the traditional society in China: society operates based on inter-personal relationships, instead of an institutional system. Therefore, when we discuss about the issue of density, we should not just focus on the dense physical built environment, but also the intensive social communication activities that happen in the urban village.

The continuous study of Dafen village by Urbanus is a key example to illustrate how the intensive social networking facilitates the business and the everyday life of the migrants. In the early 1990s, a Hong Kong art dealer set up the first painting related business in this village, in order to take advantage of the relatively cheaper rent and quiet village environment. Eventually, the success of this Hong Kong art dealer attracted many villagers from Shenzhen and other cities to learn painting. Currently, the painters cluster gathers a population of 10,000 people living and working in the village no bigger than 0.4 square kilometres. Almost of all of them are migrants. The counterfeiting painting industry in Dafen

Village is self-organized by migrant painters from all over China. The knowledge-transfer of counterfeit painting is based on the social network of referrals: many of the young painters are socially connected to the older painters from where they came. This social or family-networking referral system is very similar to how migrant workers refer their relatives from the rural area to work in the same factory with them.

Moreover, in our Caiwuwei Urban Village research, we also found that informal density compensates limitations of formal density, such as the insufficient planning for the low-income communities in China. I was living in the urban village for 2 years after I graduated from my college, said a young gentleman, who claimed himself as an interior designer for 4 years who was facing several challenges. Living in the Urban Village allowed him to save more from his salary, so now he is ready to move out and move on. This case illustrates how the condensed living environment of urban village becomes incubator space for young professional to stay in the city.

Hopeless Failures: Formal Density for Post-urban-village DevelopmentUnfortunately, the conventional substitution of the informal density is formal density. Using density to handle density seems like the most effective and efficient way for the redevelopment of urban villages. Firstly, property owners are able to obtain high compensation rate and share the benefit of the real estate development; secondly, private developers are able to promote business growth by developing more dense urban areas; and thirdly, local government is finally able to obtain the control of urban village lands.

Baishizhou Village is currently the largest urban village in Shenzhen and waiting for redevelopment. The size of the redevelopment area is 600,000 square meters, with 2.1 million square meters of built-area. There are around 140,000 people living in this village, and of those 120,000 are migrants. Lujing Real Estate Holdings is the developer of this area, and the total built area for the redevelopment is going to be 5.5 million square meters in the current scheme. The transformation from an FAR of 3.5 urban village area, which is already considered as dense, to a hyper-dense new city with FAR of 9.16.

However, how can we define this new hyper-density morphologically? Taken Dachong Village development as another example, in the urban village site, conventional housing towers, shopping malls and office towers are proposed to replace the urban village. Without looking at the history of the site, the area will be another generic Chinese urban area, but with higher density comparing to its surrounding area. Ironically, the new developments are like enlarged urban villages, with more density, bigger scale but without the original function

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of urban village to compensate the institutional planning of our cities.

Hopeful Failures: Invisible flexibility in Urban TulouUrbanus Urban Tulou project was an attempt to create an alternative to the typical urban village redevelopment model while striving for the informal density invented by urban village. Interestingly, the strategy is to import another (post) rural typology to the city: the use of Hakka Tulou as the prototype for the substitution of the Urban Village community. However, it seems that this typological association of Urban Tulou with the vernacular Chinese housing catches too much exotic attentions from international architectural critics overlooking the cultural and social design intent, implicitly going beyond mimicry of an indigenous-housing typology existing only in China, or to be compared to the classic Panopticon typology. The project testifies whether another rural typology is able to introduce the informal density we discovered in our research in urban villages; for the Urban Tulou, designers formally created open yet informal spaces for social purposes.

Some may challenge insufficiencies in the actual usage of the Urban Tulou public space when comparing the two post-rural typologies mentioned in this essay: Hakka Tulou and Urban Village. Arguably, the failings of the informal spaces created within the Urban Tulou architecture unnecessarily overshadow the informal function of the architecture as a node of flexible systems. The power of the urban villages was not just to allow for informal systems to occur within its physical domain, but to act as a node of flexible systems outside of formal geo-political and socio-economic controls, that has largely enabled and lubricated the explosive growth of Chinas cities. We argue that the Urban Village can be seen as a fine fabric in a megablock-urbanism, enabling economic resilience in a changing market, lending flexibility to small-scale formal and informal entrepreneurship that allows for continual vitality within fringe communities. This is a strategy we pitched for Urban Village redevelopment, yet the idea was not the original intention when the Urban Tulou was designed. From a strategic political standpoint, if the Urban Tulou typology is accepted and can represent the flexibility necessary to move in and out of societal or governmental norms, then it can act as a node for an invisible fine fabric that provides continual vitality for communities that survive on the fringe of society or government.

The abovementioned concept seems complex but in our post-occupancy research, we have already found much evidence to justify and see potential implications from the failures, thus we call them hopeful failures. We need to understand two transformations of the nature of the Urban Tulou community from urban village community. Firstly, the formalization of migrant community by Urban Tulou is about the transformation from an undocumented migrant

community towards a well-documented migrant community. So, it is reasonable to consider that the informality of the migrant community has been institutionalized somehow. However, the development of Urban Tulou by a private developer (Vanke) echoes also as a community at the fringe. In other words, the private sector contains great potential to take on innovative social-responsibility for cooperative identity-branding and intervening into a new market. Compared to the inclusionary zoning strategy from the US, could this become the future development of an alternative Chinese social housing model?

Secondly, the territorial and spatial concept of the Urban Tulou community is getting blurrier compared to that of the urban village. The urban morphological depiction suggested by the urban village is no longer the singular most effective mechanism for density informalisms. In the Urban Tulou, it is found that the intensive social networking activities are still happening but have taken a different form from the physical context of the urban village where everything transpired at street level. The use of the digital devices easily breaks down the wall of Urban Tulou and creates such flexibility to pass by the spatial barriers, and redefines or bypasses the intent of socially programmed architectural space. The QQ community in Urban Tulou share information among the residents. Emergent internet business links Urban Tulou as purely a localized community for living to a nation-wide trading community. The virtualization of social activity works in the small-scale low-income community created by Urban Tulou, and further disconnects and differentiates the concepts of the informal density from that of formal density in megablock urbanism. Therefore, shall we develop a future Tulou based on the current post-rural prototype to enhance the changing society?

Two Parallel Research ProjectsThis essay is only the start of our two up-coming publications from URB. The publications aims are not to solve the problems of hyper-density development, but to document the social reality of hyper-dense environments in China in the study of urban villages and the aftermaths of their demise; and to propose future alternatives based on our evaluations on the Urban Tulou project. Both publications are headed by researchers who have worked with us in the last two years on these topics, as well as with URBs independent research. The initial intent to research these two topics at the same time was due to the fact that many private or public entities approached Urbanus for research-based solution of urban village developments. The publication will not be limited at the reflective evaluation of our actuality in Shenzhen, but also explore experimental/conceptual and actual built-projects by Urbanus in the last two years on urban village redevelopments and affordable urban program interventions.

1. Urbanus Research Bureau (URB) is a research unit under Ur-banus. The objective of this research unit is to create a platform

of knowledge and research resource sharing. URB works on ac-tual urban studies and urban research project commissioned by private and public entities. It also develops its own independent research topics and works with and provides local supports to young researchers around the world.2. The use of the term informal needs to be specifically defined. The relationship between informal and formal networks is just a matter of politicization; informal being the statement of flexible necessity outside the scope of the legal system. Another idea mentioned internally in URB is spontaneous networks. It would not be a third or other category than formality and informality but would be a subset since it could occur both formally and informally. The idea of the illegal being formal because they contain their own rules and roles (i.e. organized crime is work-ing directly inverse to governing laws but fulfills societal needs/functions and obeys all its own internal rules [black market]), whereas an illegal food vendor must obey all the laws of eco-nomics to trade goods, etc [grey market]. Dafen Village is then considered as a grey market instead of a black market, but it should not be considered as a normal market. Both black and grey markets are assumed as informal, yet of course can be questioned where lines blur, but theoretical discourse of this type is outside the scope of our current discussion. 3. Caiwuwei is a 2 year urban village research case study con-ducted in URB. This urban village locates in the center of Luohu District. KK Mall and Kingkey 100, a new landmark complex, is recently replaced half of the Caiwuwei urban village site. The same developer is proposing to develop the rest of the village. More stories about how Urbanus intervened in this process can be found in the future urban village publication.4. Information stated at http://www.ceosz.cn/SzNews/SzYw/SzNews_20120518112130_130736.html; [website accessed on 16th June, 2012].5. See, http://www.guandian.cn/article/20120319/119303.html.6. F.A.R. stands for floor area ratio. It is the ratio between con-struction floor area to the site area. It represents the concept of architectural density, but not necessarily relates to the popula-tion density. An F.A.R. of 3.5 is usually the architectural density of an urban village. An F.A.R. of 9 is equivalent to the architectural density at a business center.7. There are at least two main reasons for this misunder-standing between tulou and panopticon from the academic side. Firstly because, even if uncertain, and still on debate, the origins of the vernacular tulou typology is explained in terms of equalization in the evolution. It is understood that the rectan-gular and the circular shapes for a more equal distribution of the families to adapt to collective labor. For more information, see Katayama, K. (2011). Spatial order and typology of Hakka dwellings paper presented at the International Workshop on Rammed Earth Materials and Sustainable Structures & Hakka Tulou Forum 2011: Structures of Sustainability at International Symposium on Innovation & Sustainability of Structures in Civil Engineering. Xiamen University, 2011. The second reasons of this wrong linkage is because the comparison is between a prison typology and a housing typology: in the sense that the panopticon idea based on Berthams design its strictly related to prisons kind of functions (or to mental hospitals to research more), while the tulou is typically a housing typology. The only parallel that one could make it is strictly formal.8. Ouroussoff, N. (2008). In Modern China, Little Kingdoms for the People in The new York Times, October, 12; Calzavara, M. (2009). Cerchio della vita in D la Repubblica delle Donne, May 16. 9. See http://www.oobject.com/category/15-housing-projects-from-hell; http://agraphiablog.blogspot.com/2009/07/angstitec-ture-6-hakka-vs-panopticon.html; and http://tecumseh-valley.blogspot.com/2009/07/human-desire-for-order.html.10. I think here is the place in which we could insert the concept of a sort of ideal UT and real UT: ideal UT is what the designer, Vanke and the critics would like to have from it as a strategy-model, a panopticon, a prototype, and so on. Real UT is what actually it is: a vehicle of urbanization, the home of people. A piece full of contradictions and contrasts as any other urban thing where residents are living. In fact it is located in an in-pro-cess-of-urbanization area (plan 2008-20) with growing trans-portation networks and urban villages closed to luxury housing. I think Id like to remark this dualism ideal/real that is, in fact, in the end, the sense of an occupational study in general and could help erasing common places, also purpose of the coming book.11. In Urban Tulou, there are so many limitations on what the term informal becomes in those public spaces, because peo-ple only use those space for games, hanging laundry, smoking. There is no open cross-traffic, informal economies, or informal construction like as in the urban villages (open system), or even in the vernacular tulou (closed system). 12. The flexible system described by the designers of Urban Tulou focuses on how to plug in this typology into the city, mainly for those left-behind space of urban development. However, the system of Tulou is never literally described in words, instead it is shown in collages of clusters of Urban Tulous in the city.

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INDEX

1. Before you come to Istanbul

2. Why Istanbul?

3. Where to stay

4. While you are in Istanbul

5. If you want to be part of Istan-bul

6. FAQ

7. Souvenir

8 postcards from Istanbul

ISTANBUL4.0

Guidebook to

v.20

50

Gu

ide

bo

ok

to IS

TAN

BU

L 4.0

v. 2050

4.0

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Before you come to Istanbul:

If you already participate in Economy 2.1

1.

facts you should know

2010 2020 2030 2040197019601950 1980 1990 2000

Population

2050

7.4 billion

dont worry, theres about 630 million people in the world just like you. Welcome to the land of plenty

1.1

1.2

If you are new to the Economy 2.1

1.1.1What is economy 2.1?

If you are new to the system

Economics 2.1 is a reputation-based economy where the history of an object, idea, or person is made completely public, and as such, the entitys value can be rated by all consumers, assigning it relative value by using their spime-rating technologies. All objects and people are, or contain spimes, which are self-aware technologies that can query information on itself, including past, present, and even future speculation of the object or person. The docu-ment of these spime projections are their spime-roots, an essential component to the me-chanics of Economics 2.1.

Since all value systems are relative and depend on types of consumers rating things, value sys-tems are codified and optimized through Valupe-dia Commons, an open-source value visualization tool, to guarantee fair estimates of the rela-tive value of an entity to a specific type of user.

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price

1.1.3 Reputation Economy made possible by Agalmic Engineering.

Your Entitlements:

agalmics

economics

If you are new to the system

food

water

shelter

health-care

education

energy

data

communication

Pure transparency

93% of the world is now uses Agalmic Systems that provide all necessities to be a healthy member of our society. Having fully integrated the achievements from Agalmic Engineering that brought most of humanity into the Transhumanist Era, all necessities for human survival in Istanbul are fabricated by ubiquitous technologies of abundance, maintaining stability for the once-explosive population.

Necessities are defined as legal and moral Entitlements which are: food, water, shelter, education, health, energy, data, communication, and Pure Transparency. All residents and guests of Istanbul are entitled to these agalmic entitlements.

1.1.2 What does the Reputation Economy mean for you? Education

Popularity

Net Value Self

Valuation Economy

Means of syncronization

Hyper Democracy

If you are new to Economy 2.1

V

production

Economy Activity

consumption

Syncronize

Where net-worth once measured production and consump-tion relationships against gold, then credit, and later by debt, Economics 2.1 measures net-worth by reputation, which can be calculated by collective valuation of innate brain ability, history of actions (physical, academic, & socio-political), speculation of potential brain output, and aesthetics (your good looks and taste). These are the new metrics by which society monetizes the value of things, ideas, and the reputations of people.

= your reputation

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1.2.1 Istanbul uses GS3.


Istanbul currently observes Global Standards v.3.0 (GS3) for Membership Valuation. All official transactions and evaluations will be processed through GS3 public protocols.

V

GS3 difined User Group

GS3 difined Tag Category

citizen No. 349102

1.2.2 Encrypted spacemight have different profile requirements.


prototype lab No. 21

beta test lab No. 7

beta test lab No. 35





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Theres more to this little City State than just the lush high-agalmic society and pure transparent living. It is a place where immigrants have flourished since even before the fall of the American Capitalist Empire all the way back to the reign of the Ot-toman Empire. Istanbuls spime is encoded all over with rich immigrant history in its architecture and ex-tending into the roots of both Europe and Asia. Find out why this is the right place for you!

Why Immigrate toIstanbul?

2. Istanbuls spime is encoded all over with rich immigrant history.

The Gecekondu of Istanbul embodies one of the earliest docu-mented agalmic land-acquisition structures known to humanity. For centuries, Turks came flooding Istanbul, but had nowhere to live, so they would claim their then god-given right to take open public land by night at the outskirts of the city, and by sunrise, they would be land-bearing citizens of Istanbul. The agglomeration of Gecekondu masses at the city fringe actually changed the city center, not the other way around. This early exemplar of agalmic philosophy runs deep through the citys veins, creating much of how the Istanbul 4.0 is now focused around its agalmic centers and infrastructure.

2.1Istanbul : City of Immigrants

Gecekondu:Land by Night

Why Immigrate to Istanbul?

Unique Land Ownership in Istanbul made possible for Gecekondu to grow.

Gecekondu defined city, 2010 2025 2050

54 M

33 M

12 M

20252000MegaCityOld World Capitalism Transhuman Age

2050

Hisseli Tapu

gecekondu pictures from 2010

71

2.2Unique Geo Position

Why Istanbul?

Istanbul located between two con-tinents, three belief systems, and hundreds of cultures converging to our hubs, Istanbul is the perfect place to straddle so many differ-ent worlds and value systems at the same time. It is truly an international economic throughput where some of the most unlikely entities connect and share values.

Maglev High Speed Rail 800 km/h

High Speed Rail 500 km/h

Spime map, 2050

Why Immigrate to Istanbul?

Mines

Urbanized Area

Geologically Risky Area

Protected Area

Hybrid Nature

Lake, River

Ruin : Non Development Zone

Post-Megacity population : 33 million

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Agalmic Input and Output at your Fingertips

Factories

Material Refinery/Recyclery

Input/Output Station

New, used, recycled, refurbished, it is all the same. The stream hosts a refinery that processes both raw and recycled materials that directly pumps it to its factories, where all your agalmic necessities are produced on demand.

To survive is to consume. To Consume is to Produce.To Produce is to Thrive In Economics 2.1, the reciprocal

cycle of producing/consuming/feedback/recycling are seen as one and the same phenomenon of human ecology:

The Agalmic Reciprocycle

You can find it all at the edge of The Stream in our Agalmic-Archive Assembler-Vending Machines. These

are totally automated and can print nearly anything you may need

to get-by.

3.1.2 Agalmic In/Out


3.0 The Stream and The Piers

The Stream is our agalmic lifeblood that sup-plies information-rich nutrients to our citi-zens, homes, workplaces, and spimes.

When you arrive in Istanbul, you will enter it through the agalmic stream where goods, people, and information, flow between hubs, and permeate throughout the city. When you come to rest, you may dock your pod at any of our open piers (see section 2.4.1 on joining neighborhoods) lo-cated along the stream ports.

Docking SystemPiers are located along the Stream for agalmic

parking, and at the hubs where your business must be clearly defined.

73


Our centralized parking brain will optimize the best pier for your pod or you can try your own hand at selecting one. Docking is free and you may stay as long as you like, but you may need to fit special spime-root requisites to gain membership for docking in certain zones


DIY: The New Custom Housing Off The Stream

Come experience an Istanbul moment, or stay for a lifetime. The pod is not only trans-portation, but can also be where you live. You have the freedom of moving your home about freely in the agalmic parking lottery that optimizes your schedule with your life desires and needs. (If you seek a more per-manent residence within a community, please read section 5.0 for communities, member-ships, and neighborhoods.) Dont own a pod? Well send for one for you! (See FAQ on One-Way Pod Transferships)

Customization of Pods

Just because agalmic pods are guaranteed for everyone doesnt mean that they all have to look and feel exactly

the same. With agalmic pod extrusion technolo-gies, you can extrude

your own customized pod within agalmic dimen-

sions. Feel free to get jiggy with it.


74

Enough Bandwidth For All

75

Enough Bandwidth For All

76

To think is to act: education is government. Research, thought production, innovation, and activism, are all cultivated in Istanbuls con-tinuous spectrum between lifelong education and government participation. Academic pursuit and correlate legislation are developed simultane-ously and rigorously tested by qualified communi-ties (please see section 5.1 on closed communi-ties). Everyone is a life-long student; everyone is an empowered political agent (see section 6.1 for Hyper-Democracy.)

While You Are in Istanbul

4.

While you are in Istanbul

4.1.1Production Process

Brain Production

Thing Production

Value Production

OracleSpime

OracleSpime

Library

Brain-to-NetworkFitness Centers

Yoga+

MeditationCenters

DataLiteracyCenters

RecycleFlow

FreeMarket

AgalmicArchive

ProxyCommunities

LegislationBills

LegislationLabs

EncryptedLabs

Beta TestProxy Keys

AttentionAttenuators

Note: Encryption Check Point

Endless Rollercoaster!!!

Real TimeValue Maps

Valudrome

CelebrityActuators

Social CapitalInvestment

Banks

SunshineLabs

UniversitrophicFilter

Mega Factories

OnsiteCommunityTest Facility

PrototypeLabs

GS3PatentOffice

AgalmicOutput

Devices

InnovationGalleries

77


The Hub is possibly one of the most exciting places to be in Istanbul 4.0. This is where the collusion of all spheres come to interact, investigate, instigate, synthesize, and produce innovation on all fronts. You can come here to upgrade your brain, prototype a spime, or to receive hyper-critical feedback on whatever youre working on in this super-transparent com-plex. This is where you will find

hyper-mobility through social, political, and economic spectra.

upgrade your brain!

prototype a spime!

receive hyper-critical feedback!

4.1Hub:Where all things meet

super-

transp

arent!

!

4.1.2Endless Loop


ENCRYPTION CHECKPOINT

ORACLESPIME

#O01

#O02

#O03

#O04

#O05

#O06

#O07

#O08

The Universitrophic Filter is the highest form of Education and Government Innovation known to mankind. To gain entry to this advanced institution of learning and influence, your spime root must resonate within statistically narrow deviations from the root mean square of the global membership to whichever discipline you are seeking admission. Admission is a one-time event, but membership is dynamic as paradigmatic values may shift from time to time. The Universitrophic Filter is one of the few places that may reserve limited encryption protocols to harbor temporary value-suspended zones of pure experimentation that protects Academic Principals while maintaining innova-tion integrity. Embedded in the code are Reverse-Engineered Transparency codecs that provide public access to all information from and of such experiments after the session is terminated.

78

Dont Worry about getting lost in Hub.

SPIME CAR is EVERYWhere!!

#O01

#O01

#O02

#O02

#O03

#O03#O04

#O04

#O05

#O05

#O06

#O06#O07

#O07#O08

#O01

#O01

#O02

#O02

#O02#O03

#O03 #O04

#O04

#O05

#O05 #O06

#O06#O07

#O07#O08

Brain Production

Thing Production

Value Production

To soc

ialize

is

to pro

duce!!

4.1.4Spime Car

Spime car is the first algamic product due to free electricity. Since Spime caris owned by everybody, we developed this autumated highway system where it workslike instant delivery system. If you want to go somewhere, just find the nearseatSpime Car round about and hop in! And you dont need to worry about getting it back.just hop off, then automated highway will take the spime car into round about.Now Spime car is more than just zip car concept from 2000s. Its the personalhealth unit and spime root checking system daily basis. The tremendous amountof crowdsourced data make our society into Super Algamic World!!!

Just hope in

& hop off

Plus check y

our health a

nd spime

status

every day !!

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This is where the real fun begins; where you can watch values soar and plummet, become a star or a clown! These mega-spheres of hyper-influence have often been compared to a mash-up of football stadiums, hyper-theaters, open-source playgrounds (some rated for children), the NYSE trading floor, and baroque rose gardens. People come from all around the world to physically participate in these mass attention-centric activities in the hopes of propagating their spimes

and ideas. Here, to socialize is to produce. To simply speak is to influence the value of all things: spimes, yourself, the world. Here is the most unique place the place where value is produced.

4.1.3Valudrome:

To soc

ialize

is

to pro

duce!!

80

Plus check y

our health a

nd spime

status

every day !!

super-

transp

arent!

!

Everybodys

Producer!

Come and Customizeour Opensourced Surface!!!

Maker! Polit

ician!4.1.5Istanbulsmosthot Spime Root Points-of-Interest

81

Plus check y

our health a

nd spime

status

every day !!

super-

transp

arent!

!

Everybodys

Producer!

Come and Customizeour Opensourced Surface!!!

Maker! Polit

ician!4.1.5Istanbulsmosthot Spime Root Points-of-Interest

83

1

2 345

Hyper-CapitalistsAmerican Post-Nationals are eligible to apply for temporary encryption status by pro-viding 3 or more instances of future shock on their spime root. There is a grace period of up to 6 months for limited encryption provided by the City-State of Istanbul to allow for the American time for peaceful as-similation. All proceedings will still be recorded to monitor any il-legal capitalist transgressions, but will remain encrypted and unpub-lished from the information commons unless said transgressions occur.

Unwarranted EncryptionIstanbul does not officially enforce measures against wrongful encryption, how-ever, let it be known that should an unwarranted encryption protocol be detected, Istanbul will provide any means of assistance to citizens seeking to develop a codec that dis-encrypts such behaviors, and will publish all findings to the net that can subsequently be subject to GS3 public protocols. Warning: unwar-ranted encryption behaviors are not taken lightly in Istanbuls Econom-ics 2.1 community (see witch.hunts.com).

Negri & Hardt The democratic forces that in this framework ought to constitute the active and open element of the imperial machine appear rather as corporative forces, as a set of superstitions and funda-mentalisms, betraying a spirit that is conservative when not downright reactionary. [] This limited sphere of imperial democracy is config-ured as a People (an organized par-ticularity that defends established privileges and properties) rather than as a multitude (the universal-ity of free and productive practices).1

Emergent Value SystemsIn philoso-phy, systems theory, science, and art, emergence is the way complex systems and patterns arise out of a multiplicity of relatively simple interactions. Emergence is central to the theories of integrative levels and of complex systems.2 Value Systems may be grown from mul-tiplicity so long as the author has the means to map the emergent system by means of Valupedia.

One-Way Pod TransfershipsPlease contact the office of Istanbul Brain Affiliations to see your scorecard and what type of Pod you may be eli-gible for. Please note that in some cases, the Pod is only good for one-way transferships past which the pod may only travel within City-State networks.

5.

FAQ

86

polycarbonate curtainwallsystem

foundations

core wall

pre-cast structure

Sheet Index

1

4

5

67

8

12

13

14

16

15

17

3 2

9

10

System: Ready-to-AssembleContext: Site, Program & 1st Floor

Plans: Typical & 7th FloorStructure: Sections & Details

Structure: Foundation & DetailsMechanical: HVAC RCP,Section & Fire Protection Plan

Elevations: North & SouthElevations: East & West, Perspectives

Curtainwall: Section, Elevation & DetailsCurtainwall: Section, Elevation & Details

Curtainwall: DetailsCurtainwall: Axonometric & Assembly

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1

4

5

67

8

12

13

14

16

15

17

3 2

9

10

polycarbonate curtainwallsystem

foundations

core wall

pre-cast structure

Sheet Index

1

4

5

67

8

12

13

14

16

15

17

3 2

9

10

System: Ready-to-AssembleContext: Site, Program & 1st Floor

Plans: Typical & 7th FloorStructure: Sections & Details

Structure: Foundation & DetailsMechanical: HVAC RCP,Section & Fire Protection Plan

Elevations: North & SouthElevations: East & West, Perspectives

Curtainwall: Section, Elevation & DetailsCurtainwall: Section, Elevation & Details

Curtainwall: DetailsCurtainwall: Axonometric & Assembly

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Prefab Double TBuilding Systems, Columbia University, 2010

87

1

4

5

67

8

12

13

14

16

15

17

3 2

9

10

88

12 13

EL. + 46'

SECOND FLOOR

GROUND LEVEL

ROOF LEVEL

FOURTH FLOOR

EL. + 0'

EL. + 18'

EL. + 60'

SIXTH FLOOR

SEVENTH FLOOR

FIFTH FLOOR

EL. + 74'

EL. + 88'

EL. + 116'

TOP OF PARAPETEL. + 119'-8

EL. + 32'THIRD FLOOR

A

18'-

0

14'-0

"14

'-0"

14'-0

"14

'-0"

28'-0

"14

'-0"

3'-8

"

210

29

39

19

310

811

911

611

A A B AA

A B B BC

A B B BC

B B B AB

B C C BB

B C C BB

B C C BB

B C C BB

B C C BB

4 MAIN SPRINKLER PIPE

1.) FACE MOUNT ANCHOR + STEEL TUBES

2.) GLAZING + UNITIZED MULLIONS + OUTRIGGERS

3.) STICK FRAME + C-CHANNEL + LOUVERS

4.) STEEL GRATES + POLYCARBONATE

5.) UNIT

900 CFM DUCT

1300 CFM MAIN DUCT

2 DELUGE SPRINKLER HEAD5 ON CENTER ALONG PERIMETER

4 MAIN SPRINKLER PIPE

2 DELUGE SPRINKLER HEAD5 O. C. ALONG PERIMETER

TRIPLE LAYERED TRANSPARENT POLYCARBONATE HOLLOW CELLULARSLAB

MULLION

MULTI-ADJUSTMENTSTEEL FACE MOUNTANCHOR


VERTICAL MULLION


VERTICALC-CHANNEL

VERTICALC-CHANNEL

ALUMINUM L-SHAPEOUTRIGGER

ALUMINUM L-SHAPEOUTRIGGER

FLASHING

GALVANIZED STEEL GRATING


LOUVERS

DOUBLE GLAZING

Connection Detail 3 = 1-0

Curtainwall Assembly Diagram1/4 = 1-0

Perspective of Typical Bay

89

6 1/

2"6

1/2"

1'-6"

3'-6"

1'-6"

3'-8

"

3'-10"

6 3/

4"

6 3/

4"

5"

2'-6

"

3'-6

"

1'-0

"

2-6

2-6

6 3/

4"

RIGID INSULATION

ALUMINUM L-SHAPEDOUTRIGGER

VERTICAL MULLION

DOUBLE GLAZING

GYPSUM BOARD

2 RIGID INSULATION

VERTICAL C-CHANNEL

MULLION

ALUMINUM L-SHAPED OUTRIGGER

VERTICAL C-CHANNEL

VERTICAL MULLIONDOUBLE GLAZING

GYPSUM BOARD2 RIGID INSULATION

RUNTAL RADIATOR

MULLION

ALUMINUM L-SHAPED OUTRIGGERVERTICAL C-CHANNEL

DOUBLE GLAZING

BASE FLASHING

VERTICAL C-CHANNEL

SINGLE PANEGLAZING

2. Condition C to A Section Detail3 = 1-0

1. Condition A Roof Section 3 = 1-0

3. Condition A to C Section Detail3 = 1-0

SINGLE PANEGLAZING

ALUMINUM SHS SUNCTION ANCHOR

GALVANIZED STEEL SHS POST

GALVANIZED STEEL SHS BELOW



ALUMINUM L-SHAPEDOUTRIGGERVERTICAL MULLION

EDGE OF SLAB

LINE OF MULLION BELOW

VERTICAL C-CHANNEL

MULLION

DOUBLE GLAZING

MULLION

DOUBLE GLAZING RUNTAL RADIATOR


MULLION

VERTICAL C-CHANNEL


3. Condition A to B Section Detail3 = 1-0

2. Condition B to A Section Detail3 = 1-0

1. Condition B to A Plan Detail3 = 1-0

TRANSPARENT PERSPEXSHEET BENT TO SHAPE

TRIPLE LAYERED TRANSPARENT POLYCARBONATE HOLLOW CELLULARPANEL

6 1/

2"6

1/2"

1'-6"

3'-6"

1'-6"

3'-8

"

3'-10"

6 3/

4"

6 3/

4"

5"

2'-6

"

3'-6

"

1'-0

"

2-6

2-6

6 3/

4"

RIGID INSULATION

ALUMINUM L-SHAPEDOUTRIGGER

VERTICAL MULLION

DOUBLE GLAZING

GYPSUM BOARD

2 RIGID INSULATION

VERTICAL C-CHANNEL

MULLION

ALUMINUM L-SHAPED OUTRIGGER

VERTICAL C-CHANNEL

VERTICAL MULLIONDOUBLE GLAZING

GYPSUM BOARD2 RIGID INSULATION

RUNTAL RADIATOR

MULLION

ALUMINUM L-SHAPED OUTRIGGERVERTICAL C-CHANNEL

DOUBLE GLAZING

BASE FLASHING

VERTICAL C-CHANNEL

SINGLE PANEGLAZING

2. Condition C to A Section Detail3 = 1-0

1. Condition A Roof Section 3 = 1-0

3. Condition A to C Section Detail3 = 1-0

SINGLE PANEGLAZING

ALUMINUM SHS SUNCTION ANCHOR

GALVANIZED STEEL SHS POST

GALVANIZED STEEL SHS BELOW



ALUMINUM L-SHAPEDOUTRIGGERVERTICAL MULLION

EDGE OF SLAB

LINE OF MULLION BELOW

VERTICAL C-CHANNEL

MULLION

DOUBLE GLAZING

MULLION



MULLION

VERTICAL C-CHANNEL


3. Condition A to B Section Detail3 = 1-0

2. Condition B to A Section Detail3 = 1-0

1. Condition B to A Plan Detail3 = 1-0

TRANSPARENT PERSPEXSHEET BENT TO SHAPE

TRIPLE LAYERED TRANSPARENT POLYCARBONATE HOLLOW CELLULARPANEL

90

#9 STRANDS

INTAKE LOUVRES

INTAKE LOUVRES

PRE-CAST CONCRETE COLUMN BEYOND

11x11 FOOTING

DOUBLE T

VAV SYSTEM DIFFUSER

MECH.

MECH.

MECH.

MECH.

MECH.

MECH.

MECH.

PASSAGES FOR INJECTING GROUT INTO SLEEVES

SLEEVES CAST INTOEND OF UPPER COLUMN

STEEL SHIMS

GROUT

20, TYP. FOR 1st AND 2nd FLOOR COLUMNS

20

PRE-CAST CONCRETE COLUMN

2 TOPPING SLAB, POURED-IN-PLACE

DOUBLE T REINFORCEMENT (SEE SHEET 5, DETAIL 5)

DOUBLE T BEYOND

DOUBLE T

ANGLED GIRDERFOR EASE OF ASSEMBLY

18x28 GIRDER,PRE-CAST CONCRETE

PRE-CAST CONCRETE COLUMN

4. Longitudnal Section1/8 = 10

3. Transverse Section1/8 = 10

1. Column-to-Column Connectionperspective

2. Double T, Girder, Column Connectionperspective

3 1141 8 9 10 1312 15145 62 7

SECOND FLOOR

EL. + 46'

EL. + 60'

FOURTH FLOOR

ROOF LEVEL

EL. + 0'

EL. + 18'

THIRD FLOOR

SIXTH FLOOR

EL. + 116'

EL. + 88'

EL. + 32'

FIFTH FLOOR

SEVENTH FLOOR

GROUND LEVEL

EL. + 74'

EL. + 46'

EL. + 88'

EL. + 32'THIRD FLOOR

FOURTH FLOOR

FIFTH FLOOR

BROOF LEVELEL. + 116'

SIXTH FLOOR

SECOND FLOOR

EL. + 60'

EL. + 18'

GROUND LEVEL

A

SEVENTH FLOOR

EL. + 74'

19'6"20'0"20'0"20'0"20'0"20'0"20'0"20'0"20'0"20'0"20'0"20'0"20'0"19'6"

45

75

25

35

15

14

65

210

1. Typical Floor Plan1/8 = 10

2. Sixth Floor Plan1/8 = 10

4 109

B

2 7

A

3 6 111 5 8 14

1412 15131 5

A

12 1513

8

B

2 6 1193 104 7

PILKINGTON GLASSPROGRAM CUBES

PRE-CAST CONCRETE 18 COLUMN

PRE-CASTCONCRETE GIRDER

2 POURED IN PLACECONCRETE TOPPING

LINE OF PRE-CAST DOUBLE TS ABOVE

LOUVRE FORFRESH AIRINTAKE

CORE WALL WITH POLYCARBONATE PANELCURTAINWALL

VIRACON CURTAINWALLWITH MONOLITHIC GLASS WEATHER BARRIER

VIRACON CURTAINWALLWITH RODECA POLYCARBONATE WEATHER BARRIER

STUDYLAB

STUDYLAB

STUDYLAB

LIBRARYLIBRARY

ELEVATOR

JC

ELECTRICAL

MECHANICAL

ELEVATOR

JC

ELECTRICAL

MECHANICAL

ELEVATOR

JC

ELECTRICAL

ELECTRICAL

ELECTRICAL

MECHANICAL

ELEVATOR

JC

MECHANICAL

10. Foundation Plan1/8 = 10

9. Section Double T (10LDT32) & Girder (18LB28)1 = 10

8. Plan Typical Column1 = 10

6. Section Girder & Column1 = 10

5. Plan Column at Foundation1 = 10

7. Section Double T (10LDT32)1 = 10

4. Section Column & Foundation 1 = 10

3. Section Girder & Bearing Wall1 = 10

2. Section Interior Bearing Wall & Foundation1 = 10

1. Section Exterior Bearing Wall & Foundation1 = 10

8

18

28

18

5-0

10-0

32

2

4 3/4

18

20

20

1 1/2

1-4

3-8

1-4

3-8

12

12

2-0

12

12

2-0

4-0

4-0

3-6

3-6

12

9

20

8

3-6

3018

11-0

12

4-0

6

2

CL CL

CL

COLUMN BEYOND4x4 - W40xW40 WELDED WIRE MESH

4x4 - W40xW40 WELDED WIRE MESHSTEEL ANGLE, WELDED TO STEEL PLATES CAST INTO COLUMN & GIRDER

4x4 - W40xW40 WELDED WIRE MESH

SPLICE SLEEVE, GROUTED

POLYURETHANE FOAM2 #6 STRANDS FOR CANTILEVER REINF.1 #6 STRAND FOR CANTILEVER REINF.

PASSAGE FOR INJETING GROUT

STEEL ANGLE, WELDED TO STEEL PLATES CAST INTO COLUMN & GIRDER

DRY PACK

VERTICAL TIES

BEARING PAD

LINE OF GRADE

3/4 DIA. ANCHOREVERY 6 O.C.

CONTINUOUS STEEL PLATE CAST INTO CONCRETE6x6x3/8 STEEL ANGLE WELDED 6 EVERY 12O.C.

3/4 DIA. ANCHOREVERY 6 O.C.

CONTINUOUS STEEL PLATE CAST INTO CONCRETE6x6x3/8 STEEL ANGLE WELDED 6 EVERY 12O.C.

LINE OF GRADE

CORBEL REIFORCEMENT TIES

INTERIORINTERIOR

INTERIOREXTERIOR

ANGLED FOR EASE OF ASSEMBLY

ANGLED FOR EASE OF ASSEMBLY

CORBEL REINFORCEMENT TIES

4x4 - W40xW40 WELDED WIRE MESH

TOPPING SLAB

TOPPING SLAB

2 #6 STRANDS FOR CANTILEVER REINFORCEMENT

1 #6 STRANDS FOR CANTILEVER REINFORCEMENT

28x18 GIRDER1/2 DIA. STRANDS

CORBEL BEYOND

LINE OF GRADE

GROUT FILLS 3 DEEP VOID

7/8 STRANDSEDGE OF BUILDING

GROUT FILLS 3 DEEP VOIDSTEEL ANGLE7/8 STRANDS ALONG ANGLE

BASE PLATE

POURED-IN-PLACECONCRETE SLABEXTERIOREXTERIOR

POURED-IN-PLACECONCRETE FOOTING

1 1/4 ANCHOR BOLT

BEARING PAD

#9 STRANDS

1/2 DIA. STRANDS

NOTE: TYP. COLUMN FOR FLOORS 2-6

2

GIRDER BEHIND

DOUBLE T BEHIND

94 13121110

B

7

A

20'-0" 20'-0"20'-0"20'-0"20'-0"20'-0"20'-0"20'-0"20'-0"20'-0"20'-0"20'-0"20'-0"

5'-0

"5'

-0"

15861 5 1420'-0"

60'-0

"

2

5'-0

Documents

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