Chronic Disease Risk Factors

Risk Factors

What are the risk factors for chronic disease?

#1??

#2??

Others….

Tobacco

TobaccoBetween 1964 and 2014:

Over 20 million American died because of smoking2.5 million nonsmokersMore than 100,000 babies

Smoking is still the leading cause of preventable disease and death in the U.S.

“The Health Consequences of Smoking: 50 Years of Progress”

An evolving process…

“If excessive smoking actually plays a role in the production of lung cancer, it seems to be a minor one.”

o The National Cancer Institute, 1954

“Tobacco use imposes enormous public health and financial costs on this nation – costs that are completely avoidable.”

Kathleen Sebelius, Secretary of Health & Human Services, 2010

Mortality

Source: www.cancercontrol.cancer.gov

Smoking and chronic diseaseResponsible for more than heart and lung

disease:13 different types of cancer

Smoking and reproduction

Diabetes, eye disease, immune system

FDA & Tobacco Regulation

Regulations Restricting the Sale and Distribution of Cigarettes and Smokeless Tobacco to Protect Children and AdolescentsRestricts sale, distribution, and promotion of

tobacco products to make them less accessible to youth.

Law went into effect June 22, 2010o (FDA, 2010)

http://www.fda.gov/TobaccoProducts/Labeling/CigaretteProductWarningLabels/ucm2024177.htm

Graphic labels coming soon.

(Fda.gov, 2011)

(FDA.gov, 2011)

Thoughts?

Warnings were to appear Sept. 2012 but….

(FDA.gov, 2011)

Obesity

Contributing Factors Portion Sizes

Physical Inactivity

Genetics

Media

Technology

Contributing Factor: InactivityWhat is the recommended amount of

daily activity?

Schools and PE

Sedentary Workplaces

Communities

“We have engineered activity out of our lives” (TWON, 2012)

Contributing Factor: Advertising“Toxic advertising”

Health claims on food

TV time has increased

Alcohol

Alcohol and Chronic Disease3rd leading lifestyle-related cause of death

How does alcohol contribute to chronic disease?Short-term health effects

Long-term health effects

Other risk factors?

SLEEP!Lack of sleep is associated with:• Diabetes, cardiovascular disease, obesity, depression and cancer.

(CDC, 2009)