Cirkovic S., Kosovska Bitka u Medjunarodnom Kontekstu

8/9/2019 Cirkovic S., Kosovska Bitka u Medjunarodnom Kontekstu

1/11

I

Jb.

MaKctMoBnh

46

in the

west

against

the

Turks. At

the

time

of

the

Battte

of

Marica,

he

wls

tocatea

iri

trre

West,

at the

end of his

ultimately

unsuccessful

at-

iempt

to

put his

plans

inio

effect

through

direct

contact

with

the

Latins.

b-"ri"g

tfru

Emp6ror's

absence,

his

son

Andronikos

had

control

of

the

;6idi

n"a

rri,

other

son

Manuel

had

control

of

Thessalonica.

Andro-

,riiiorr

i,trnea

a

deaf

ear

to Ugljeia's

appeal

for

help

against-the

Turks,

;;;

i"

;i,

father's

cry

to

be-liberated

from

Venice.

Manuel

saved

his

i;1h";,

and took

advaniage

of

the

Serbian

defeat

on

the

Marica

to

expand

his

land

to

the

Serres,

Iiglje5a's

recent capital.

This

ambivalence

in

the

iiyr*ii""

policy

increaset"

at

the

time

oi

Andronikos'

coup

d'6tats

in

iSzS

""a

ifzO-rgzs.

The

Turks,

as

his

protectors and

the

periodica)

protectors

of

the

legitimate

ruler,

becamc operrly

involved

in

Byzantine

lii"i*,-*fri.it

*"r ifi

the easier

since

the

Emperor

was

forced

to

fulfil

fris

lraisat

obligations

towards

the

Emir, Murad.

The

Emperor

complet-ely

tort

irl,

reputaiion,

and

the

presumed

hel_p

from

the West

was

more

dis-

i""t

ifr""

iver

behore.

The

^Turks

took

Gallipoli

once

qgain

and

moved

iir"i"

-."pit"f

to

Adrianoupolis

(Edirne). The only

possible ba.stion.

of re-

rirtrn""'-

Manuel's

reign

in

Thessalonica

-

was_

disparaged

by

his

ap-

p"i"i-""t

as

heir

to

th-e

throne

and his

removal

to

Constantinople

at

;;;

6;;i;"i"g

of

this

period.

The

so-called

Tenedos

War

(1379-1381)

ae"oi"f;

the

f,arkest

hour

and

Emperor

John

V

was even

forced

to

ac-

k;;;l"dg;

his

eternally

rebellious

ion

Andro'ikos

as

his

heir.

Disapp_oin-

i"J

if,f""i"f

p.""ti""ity"aeserted

and

re-established

his

authority

in

Thes-

;"lo"i.;.

paits of the

Byzantine Empire

(Thessalonica,

Epiros)_

acknow-

i&;J

hi-

",

their

ruG"r

and

he, inde.pendent

of

Constantinople,

waged

his"own

war

against

the

Turks.

It

was

only

with

his forced

evacuation

of

the

battlefield"in

lSSi

that

the

war

reached

an end,

and

Murad

finally

h;

;

unobstructed

path

for

his

great

expedition

against

Serbia'

1r

.

..:

ltdc

CCCLXXVIII

Cpncrxe

o6.iacrrunlr saurro

je

Ao

'FeJrr4r{or

cyno6a

Aorrno

6au

y

parrnoj

ce3oH,u 1389.

u orr(yAa

ro

,qa

1

J. Pajzh,

lIcropua,

pdsrl,l,lx'b

cnaBeHacuxt uapodoe'a

H(runare Eoazap,

Xop-

aaroa'b

u

Cep6oa

[.

.

.]

III,

Ee.r

1794,

25-38, o

cauoj

6Nr4ra:

38-72. Yn.

caAa r.r:

A.

Bece:lNnorrh,

Kocoscrca

6urxa

g

,Icrogju

loeaxa

Pajuftd,

KocoBcKa

6rrxa

y

Nc-

roprorpaQlrjr.r, S6opxrr

paAoBa

llcroprjcror r{rrcrr4Tyra 11, EeorpaA 1990,

59-69.

2

C.

Radki,

Boj na Kosouu.

Uzroci i

posljedice,

Rad JAZU 97

(1989)

1-68;

fipeurraMflaHo

y:

Eoj

na

KocoBa

-

crapuja u uoeuja

co3Aalsa,

peA.

P.

Mzxa;rvrh,

Eeorpag

1992, 36f---426.

Vn.

w

C.

tnpKoBrh,

Eeceda

cDpa*e

Pl.+noz cro

zoduua

rcaatuje, Kocogcxa

6rrxa

y

racropr,lorpa+nit4, 7l-76.

3

lI.

Pysaparl

O

xuesg JIaeapy,

[pelrrraMrraHo Ns

,,Ctpar


2/11

5l

FI

,l

50

C.

M. tsrpxoarh

Kocoscra 6rrra

y

uebynapoAsou EolrreKcry

ce Ha KocoBy

noyl,y

Haby

5aul

oHe

3apaherHe crpaHe

o Kojr4Ma

noHsurro

rI3

n3Bopa 3HaMO.

Hajneha

reluKoha

14 rrperpeKa

y

Hainopr'IMa

Aa

ce

norrlyHllie

s

rpeqrH,r{je

1'rnsnajy

,,\Bpoq;"

.ioaoscxe 6uffie

na:ragH

ce

Y

[BopHoj

rpabx{,

jeg,uuou

ocJroLlrrIy 3a

cBe Harrre aHaJlr{oe-a

pe3orroBarla

o

oHoMe

urro

jibwru

nper*opwio

r.r

crre,qHrc.

HaLrMe-,

reh

y

roj

IiI3BopHoj

rpabu,

qaK

H

y

rr,eHLIM

uajcraplzjHlr

AeJIoBlMa,

HaJIa3e

ce

Voflrrrrena

Ir HeoApe-

bena rnpbena,

ua

r


3/11


4/11

54

C. M.

Br'tprowrh

9

4ecr.lo

ce ro rrocJre

,6op6n

xoje

heuo

xparro

npr{ria3arT4

rra c,re4ehum

c,rpa-

HEM

.

m

Ina

raxra

yrlaAa

3zrBprur4ra cy ce

nopa3oM r

aapo6raaaraeM

3anoBeAur.rKa,

o ueuy

he

jour

6rarr

pevlr.

'r

nopeg no3naror

Srapexrr,rrcxor

o4roBopa

na Tsprxoao

nr4cMo r,rMaMo

orurrltp-

lto

a3Jrararse

$rpenrr,fircxe

aHoHnMHe xpoHnKe, Ha

Kojy

je

crpenyo na>rrcy

Th.

A.

mm91t,

Serbirrn

Golgotha

KosoDo, 1389,

East

European Monographs

CCLXXVIII,

New

York

1930,

5+-60

(rpeBoA

y

Eurra xa

Kocoag

7389.

zodut+e,

Eebrpa4

1999,

1?5-

-178)

u

o,qJroMaK

o

Kocony

y

cnl.{cy Beltrama

\{inianellija

Ruina

Damasci

l.r:rr,r Vita

Tamerlani,

rojN

je,

raxofe,

6NpeuivHcror

nopeKrra.

Vn. M.

.(rur,rh,

,aa

caepe.ueuu-

xa

o

6ojy

ma

Kocoeg,

Inac

132

(1940)

145-148.

je

oH uaHyAl-ro

ocro6obgye

Krparrr.qe Mapuje

,H

noryKao

Brrrrr nlrra

cBoje

flpor.rrBHrrKe,

Bobe

HamTncrce

crpaHKe

6paha

Xopnaru

fi

Hr,aHurn

flarrurrHa

6utu.cy

rrp]rrcrlrseHr.r

Aa

KoA

Kp?,,rr,a

Toprna I

norpaxte-

yro-

qrflxTe

H

HacrojanH

cy

Aa

y3

rberoBy rroMoh

noBpare nosHrIuje

v

vrap-

cKoj.re Itronapusarluja

Meliy nreMcrBoM

lr

BeJr,rrKarrrrr{Ma

jcrru

ce

s,urue

npqAv6llrra,

a

TBprKo

je

npey:eo

BoAehy

yrrory

y

6op6u

3a mpaBa

JIa-

llncJraBa

Haul'mcrcor,

qLIHa

y6ujeHor

KpaJba

Kapla

[pa"rxor.

On

je,

nogp-

,KaBajyhu Hsanurua

Xopeara,

Hna:aurta flalnn


5/11

37

56

Ha KocoBy, arra

y oBoM

crr\

rajy MopaMo

6uru otnpesua,

jep

ce

o,qaBge

MorV

[parr{rr{

KapHKe

y

JraHrIy

Aorabaia

cBe

Ao

1388.

r-r

r ?cKor

npo.tro-

p4

r,r cyxo6a rog

Er.r,rehe.

Harlve, norra6rzjolr.Earuue

II oreopen

je

npocrop

3a

,Hacryn

rse-

roB,or

cHHoBIIa

Fypba II

Crpaqlruupoeuha,

noju

je

sarocnogapub

6a.n-

rur.r'hrcr.r,lr

HacJrebeM

y

3errn H

ca

rLHM xrp,HxBarHo-Aaa

nerrpujareJbcrrBa,

jeAuo

rrpelra Typr,Iuua,

Apy.ro

rpeMa

KparD-y

Tnprry

I.

O

ycrnony

Fypba

II

Crparlurunpopraha

neualro

4pvrfix

Becril.r

oclrM KaslrBarba

rreJro3naror

Op6unonor rnBopa,

.raju

nojq4*rlrg

noAaf,Ilr Harra3e

[orBpAe

y

caBpeMe-

Hoj

AlrflnoMarr.rqKoj

rpabu.

Fypab II

ce

ocnoSoAuo

r{3

3arBopa

y

,[pauy,

saralr

je

lxrn@TaBJrao

Bnacr y 3eru saunaseha

,ua

[poruBJberie rrropoAurre

Carraneo

je

nenllnlr

r\npcnu

VnaA

y

Mycarcrljy

rr

sanelle

flpava,

cBe

Ao

Ocrpora

u

On.ororxra, a

.noroM

ce

noMr{puo ca

Typquma

fioMohy

.[oKJroHa

a

rro-

crraHcrBa.

Fypab

II

je

HajnepoearHi.rje

ojavao cBoi

ronox(aj rHMe

urro

ce

opoAr.Io ca KHe3oM

Jlasapo,r'r:

yseo

je

3a

)KeHy

Jlasapery rhep

rcoja

je

paHraje

6una

yAara

3a

llluurMaHa

Mongancr


6/11

C,

M. Bnpxoerh

Kocogcxa

6zrxa

y

uebynapoAnou

KorrreKcry

59

58

yo6ri.{aj1.rJro

roBoplrTq

o 6oiy

Ha

nlro.tHutcy,3

nnje4Ha

neTongcarlKa

6e-

nerura

rHe

AO3BoE,aBa

3altJl'yqaK C

TOMe

Aa

Je

TaAa

AO'IUIO

AO

HeKe

cpficKo-TypcKe

6qrKe.

Hanporaa,

cTHnH3aIIUja

JIeTOnHCa

npeMa KojHMa

ttiyp"r

,,iiwrc",

rrHe

yqqsr-tt:aurra",

,pparLr

Ce

oner",

cBeAorIIt

o-Heo6a.B-

r"#or*n

tto"ny.

iegan'laueraK

JleTodrr{ca,

KoA Ioora

He M,o)KeMo

6stu cu'

rypHa

na

nMa HcnpaBalr

reKcr, 6erc,crso

npuilucYje &9i* "

Bna,qapa:

,,irb6ex


7/11

C,

M.

Brproetd

60

Y uexoj

BPcr'u

KonBepreu,qr'rje

rp-H

jd3Pop '

lcpncru

leronr'rcr-r,

Op-

6"nou

"t"op"o

Mypatouou-noxony

.y

Cp6wjy,

Op6wtou

H3Bop

o

-VcroHv

Fyplia

II

Crpa,rraianponaha)

nornpbyjy

.qa

je

l38e

6ula

rrpenoMHa

y

oi"o"y

jy;xuocnoreicnux

KHe)I(eBa

ca

Myparolr:

Fypab

CrpalruMrpo-

;;h;;

oi'otu.

Jla:ap,

6u cpevwru

oAnoce

i

typur'rv-a,

-q,on

je

Taprxo

I

".rio

r

"*pujarertnrmt

oitoc"tra.

EpaKoM

nypba

II^Crpauuunp-*ili

H JeneHe

s6n:ar


8/11

62

C, M.

Bnpronrh

Y6ucrso

crape

Kparbnrre,

JenucaBere

KorpoMaHuh, Koja

je

yqan-

rreHa cpeAauolr

jauyapa

1387, nojauaBa

aKTr.rBnocrrr Ha

o6e

crparre.

)KHrL

u{,nL

orynna

np}rcrarrrrue

u 31.

Mapra 1387.

y

C'rouonr

Eeorpa4y rpy-

Irrrule

ce

3a

KpaJba.

Ma"rnancrpr

6an

nocraje

Hunola lopjaucrcu

M.nabu,

clrH

rlaJlarr4Ha

y6r.rjeHor

,nperxoAHe

rog,r.rue no4

lopjaua.

Ou ce

Ha

r{env

oApeAa

ynyhyje

y

reMl4ruBapcxu

rpa.i,

rAe cys6Hja H

noKopaBa oAMer-

FrHI(e,

a

3arHM

rrperra3u

trpeKo

lyHana

y

Cper,r r.qe

.ie

noupurrrre

6op6,u

rog repbaae

9epenuh.

Hnarrrllr Xopnar

je

ry

nperpneo

nopa3, r{ Harrao

cKJroHr.rrlrre

y

o5nu,ricr6elr

Llnony,

,r,ra.la

je

qepeaah

ocrao

y

pyKaMa

I6e-

roBl{".c

JbyArr. Here BeroBe

r.rcraKH 'Te

nprrcraJrurre

cy sapo5rene

H

.rro-

cirare

KpaJby

)K.wrnyu4y sajelHo ca 3acraBoM Jlag,Hcraea

Harnymcrcor.{6

Helra

eneuenara 3a

npeqa3r{o

Aaraparbe

onra

4orabaja,

oHH

ce Mory

caMo

oKBrirpHo cMecrlrrr{

y

Kpaj anp{4na una lra.i

13'87, csaxaKo, rrpe

Becrr,r

o KpaJruqHHoM

oc;ro'6oiieray.

r

Os6rarbHo yrpolreH,

Hsaur.rxr

Xopaar ce

npe6aquo

as Hnor


9/11

64

C. M.

Brprorlh

npor,r{Brrr.lrllr

Mapuje u

)KHrMyH,qa

cMarbyjy

cBojv

aKTI,IBH,ocr

raKo

Aa

vrapcKoir\4

KpaJbeBcKoM

naPy

rJraBHH ilpoTr.rBHl,Iqu

ocTajy KPat6

TBpTKo

I

.I{

KrIe3

JtraeaP.

O

genonary

rcreea

Jlasapa

ocrao

.ie

cavyean H3BeruTaj

KacreJrzura

rpag{

Konr.rna o

roMe

Aa

rr,yAu ruresa

Jlasapa Hauagajy rpaq

lony6ag,

Aa

ra ryKy

oficn4nrrM

cnpaBaMa

(urn

rononuwra)

u

la

cy

noca4y

AoBerIu

y

rerKarc nonoxaj. Ift.rclro

je

raroaauo noKperHHM

[paaur.rKoM

(Aau

no-

de

Apyre

HeAerbe Benr.rrKttrl,\forlg6a4

y

cped*e,n

seKg,

Ilox(apeaaq

1968,

29-30, 4aryjyhrl

r

orcrapuo

y

[eproA 1382-1389.

[i4cMo KpaJ6a

X(vrnryuga

o6janneuo

je

s]aue

nyra,

najra.rwrje

y:

A.

Sztaray-G.

Nagy,

A naggmihi"lgi

es

sztcLr-ai

gr6j

Sztdrag

-

cialail

okleubt

fdra

I,

Budapest

1887, 485: cumque

nos

dc

presenti

contra

Lazarum

proficiscirnur,

eum.

ab insultibus

regno

nostro

hactenus illatis

prohibendo,

eumque ad nostra

maudata

astringendo

[...].

.

s4

F.

Sisii,

Nekoliko

ispransa

1...7,

Starine

39

(1938)

2?9:

Idem,

Nicolaus

de

virtute

in

virfutem

gradatim

ascedens,

Lazarum kenezium

regni

Rascie,

qui quodam

modo

a

iurisdiccione

nostra se

retraxerat,

humanitate

et

industria

suis

propriis

in

s_inum

reduxit

nostre

maiestatis,

illa

servicia

et easdem dacias,

quas

et

qire

vivente

domino

rege

Lodovico,

socero

ei

patre

nostro, eidem facere

et'dire

astri6tus fuerat,

nobrs

soluturum

et exhibituru,m.

Ilpeeog

y:

Eurxa

Ha

KocoeA

1389.

zoduHe,

174-

-l?5-

Kocoscxa

6r,rrxa.

y

uelyaapoguoll

KoHTeKcry

.

trtHa

tlcroM Mecry:

Dum itaque

post

hec

ex

presentis

labilis

mundi

concita-

cione Omorath Turkorum

imperator

cum

ipso Lazaro kenezio.

grande

commisisset

bellum et

in' eodem bello ipsi

Omorath

ei iazarus

supplicium

dortiJ

paJiiextitis-

sent,

pretaxatus

Johannes banus

noster

infidelis,

pretendens

se i,n

suis

detestabili-

bus actibus

exaltari

posse,

post huiusmodi

conflictum districtus

nostros de Beleen et

de

Macho rabide

invadere

et occupare non

expavit,

quem

preallegatus

Nicolaus,

tunc

banus

noster

de

Macho,

sua cum

potencia

invadens

et eundem

exinde

eiciens,

ipsosque

districtus

de

manibus ipsius

infidelis

militariter et

virtuose eripiens,

nos-

tris

subiugavit

dominio el dicioni.

IIpeBoA

Ha

,,rcroM Mecry

y

HacraBKy

rrperxoAHor

oAJroMKa.

s

flzcuo

je

o6jaBrbeno

y:

J: Gelcich-L.

Thall6czy,

Raguzd

6s

MagAaroszd.g

'sszekijttetdseinek

okletsaltor a,

Budapest

1887,

I 13-1

14.

57

Annales

P"agtsini

Anonymi itern

Nicolai

de Ragnina,

ed.

S. Nodilo,

48.

s

PeJresanrxe

ognyxe

Ay6poea.rxlrx

Beha

y:

Aurruit,

Odagxe aefto II,

MO-43,

480,

o

AaryMy

14

noJu4Tl4trKoM KoHTeKcry

yn.

BrlpKoBr4h, ncroryjd cpedtroaexoeue

6ocaxcxe

dpcrcaee,

15?-159.

6e

tsrproarh, IIctoyruja

cped*oeercoete 1ocauclce dpxaee,

159.

65

{i;

1,j

.+

HcrrincHyo.ss

Y

oguepanaliy

xpoHorc,ruje,

uacrojarsy

Aa

ce

yrBpgrr

Aa

Jr.l.r

j,e

9no

[oMuperre

6wo.

6tnx


10/11

6

C. M. Erpxoaxh

BaSaJI,

TIa

Je

M:UIO BepoBaTHO

,qa

cy ce

OH

LIJIH IEerOBa BOJCKa

3aIeCHiILI

y

xpruhaHcKoM

ra6opy

Hd ceera urro

je

Ao

caAa

r.I3Hero BI{,q I

ce

Aa

je

repl-ITopnja

oulo

Documents

Cirkovic S., Kosovska Bitka u Medjunarodnom Kontekstu