CITING SOURCES &

BIBLIOGRAPHIES

What does ‘citing sources’ mean?

Cite: Quote (a book, passage, author, etc), esp. as an authority in support of a position; adduce or mention as an example, precedent, or proof … refer to.(Shorter Oxford English Dictionary, 2007)

Why should one cite ? To demonstrate to your reader that you have done your research and that you have used reputable sourcesTo acknowledge that you are quoting from someone else’s workTo help your reader follow the development of your argumentTo give your reader sources that they can follow up

When should you cite?Every time you quote directly from someone’s work

e.g. “When writing a piece of work, whether essay, seminar paper, dissertation, project or article, it is essential that detailed and precise information on all sources consulted is included in your text and in the reference list at the end of your work”. (Pears & Shields, 2008)

Every time you paraphrase someone else’s worke.g.It is of paramount importance that, whatever form your writing takes, all sources must be included both in the body of your work and in the bibliography. (Pears & Shields, 2008)

Does it matter?

Yes

Does it matter?

If you do not acknowledge where you got your information from, it is

called PLAGIARISMwhich means

STEALING SOMEONE ELSE’S WORK

Does it matter?

3 TYPES OF PLAGIARISM

1. Not acknowledging you are quoting or paraphrasing someone else’s work

2. Getting someone else to help you write your paper

3. Buying a paper from the internet

Does it matter?It can have very serious consequences.

At the very least, you can be given a ZERO mark.

If it is a graduation project, this could affect whether you graduate or not.

Plagiarism can ruin lives…

Does it matter?

What not to do -

What should be included in a citation?Enough information to let the reader find the source you have quoted:

TitleAuthorPublisher Date of publicationPlace of publication

How to add a citation to your workThere are many conventions for preparing citations which involve different ways of presenting the information.

We will be using the MLA (Modern Language Association) referencing style

How to make life easierMicrosoft Office 2007

How to make life easier

How to make life easier

What do you need to do?REMEMBER to keep track of all the sources you useA useful way to do this is to set up an account with a bibliography and citation maker such as:

Easybib – www.easybib.comOrBibme – http://bibme.org

What do you need to do?Whatever reading you do, first of all make a note of:AuthorTitleURL (and date of accession)PublisherPlace of publicationDate of Publication

DefinitionsCitation: Written in the body of your work as an acknowledgement of the source of the quotation

At the end of your paper:

Citations/references: A list of all the sources you have quoted from

Bibliography: A list of all the sources you have consulted whether or not you have quoted from them

BibliographyAl Lawati, Abbas. "Plagiarism Costs Ba'li Zayed Book Award." Gulf News [Dubai] 27

Oct. 2010. Print.

BibMe: Fast & Easy Bibliography Maker - MLA, APA, Chicago, Turabian - Free. Web.

10 Dec. 2010. <http://www.bibme.org/>.

EasyBib: Free Bibliography Maker - MLA, APA, Chicago Citation Styles. Web. 10 Dec.

2010. <http://www.easybib.com/>.

"Google Citations." Unshelved. 27 Oct. 2007. Web. 11 Dec. 2010.

<http://www.unshelved.com/2007-10-27>.

Pears, Richard & Shields, Graham. Cite Them Right. Durham, Pear Tree Books, 2009.

Print.

Stevenson, Angus, and Lesley Brown. Shorter Oxford English Dictionary. Oxford:

Oxford UP, 2007. Print.