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City Development Plan for
Udaipur, 2041
(Draft City Development Plan)
July 2014
Supported under
Capacity Building for Urban Development project
(CBUD)
A Joint Partnership Program between
Ministry of Urban Development, Government of India
and
The World Bank
Ministry of Urban Development
Capacity Building for Urban Development Project
City Development Plan for Udaipur – 2041
Draft City Development Plan
CRISIL Risk and Infrastructure Solutions Limited
July 2014
Green Lake city of India...
Education hub … Hospitality
centre….
[ii]
Abbreviations
ADB Asian Development Bank
BMTPC Building Materials and Technology Promotion Council
BOD Biochemical oxygen demand
BPL Below Poverty line
BRG Backward Regional Grant
BRGF Backward Regional Grant Fund
CAA Constitutional Amendment Act
CAGR Compound Annual Growth Rate
CAZRI Central Arid Zone Research Institute
CBUD Capacity Building for Urban Development
CCAR Climate Change Agenda for Rajasthan
CPCB Central Pollution Control Board
CST Central Sales Tax
DDMA District Disaster Management Authority
DEAS Double entry accounting system
DLC District land price committee
DPR Detailed Project Report
DRR Disaster risk reduction
EWS Economically weaker section
GDDP Gross District Domestic Product
GDP Gross Domestic Product
GHG Green House Gases
GIS Geo information system
HRD Human Resource Development
IHSDP Integrated Housing and Slum Development Programme
IIM Indian Institute of Management
INCCA Indian Network for Climate Change Assessment
LOS Level of Services
MLD Million Liter per Day
NLCP National Lake Conservation Programme
NMT Non Motorised transport
NRW Non-revenue water
OHSR Overhead service reservoir
PHED Public health engineering department
PMU Project management unit
RAVIL Rajasthan Awas Vikas and Infrastructure Limited
RIICO Rajasthan State Industrial Development and Investment Corporation
RPCB Rajasthan Pollution Control Board
RSPM Respirable suspended particulate matter
SLB Service Level Benchmarking
STP Sewage treatment plant
UDT Urban Development Tax
[iii]
URDPFI Urban & Regional Development Plan Formulation & Implementation
WFPR Work force participation ration
WTP Water treatment plant
[iv]
Contents
1. PROJECT BACKGROUND ............................................................................................................ 1
1.1 Context .................................................................................................................................... 1
1.2 Revised CDP under Capacity Building for Urban Development Project ................................. 2
1.2.1 Preparation of Revised CDP under CBUD Programme ............................................ 3
1.3 Revised CDP Guidelines – Key Areas of Emphasis ............................................................... 3
1.3.1 Vision-Led Planning ................................................................................................... 4
1.3.2 Resource-based planning .......................................................................................... 4
1.3.3 Participatory approach ............................................................................................... 4
1.3.4 Equity concerns, poverty, and local economy development ..................................... 4
1.3.5 Capacity building in ULBs .......................................................................................... 5
1.3.6 Sectoral action plans with goal-oriented targets ........................................................ 5
1.3.7 Monitoring and evaluation arrangements .................................................................. 5
1.4 Objective of the Assignment ................................................................................................... 5
1.5 Approach and Methodology .................................................................................................... 6
1.6 Brief of 1st Generation CDP ..................................................................................................... 7
1.6.1 Key facts at the time of preparation of 1st generation CDP ....................................... 8
1.6.2 Projects envisaged under 1st generation CDP ........................................................... 9
1.7 Brief scenario of city after 1st Generation CDP ....................................................................... 9
1.8 Key Process undertaken for CDP Preparation ..................................................................... 10
1.8.1 Committee Formation .............................................................................................. 11
1.8.2 Stakeholder‟s consultation brief ............................................................................... 11
2. INTRODUCTION TO THE CITY ................................................................................................... 13
2.1 Regional Setting .................................................................................................................... 13
2.2 Administrative Boundary ....................................................................................................... 14
2.2.1 Location and connectivity ........................................................................................ 14
2.3 Defining the Study Area ........................................................................................................ 15
2.4 Physical Setting ..................................................................................................................... 15
2.4.1 Topography and geology ......................................................................................... 15
2.4.2 Climate ..................................................................................................................... 16
2.4.3 Agriculture, mineral, and industry ............................................................................ 16
2.4.4 Water resources....................................................................................................... 16
2.4.5 Forest resources ...................................................................................................... 17
3. DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE OF THE TOWN ................................................................................ 19
3.1 Background ........................................................................................................................... 19
3.2 Population and Urbanization ................................................................................................. 19
3.2.1 Udaipur district ......................................................................................................... 20
[v]
3.2.2 Udaipur city .............................................................................................................. 21
3.3 Population Growth Trend ...................................................................................................... 21
3.4 Population Density ................................................................................................................ 24
3.5 Average Household Size ....................................................................................................... 27
3.6 Literacy Rate ......................................................................................................................... 27
3.7 Sex Ratio ............................................................................................................................... 28
3.8 Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe Population .............................................................. 28
3.9 Population Projections .......................................................................................................... 29
3.9.1 Methodology adopted for estimation of population .................................................. 29
3.9.2 Summary of Population Projection through various methods ................................. 31
3.10 Key Issues ............................................................................................................................. 32
4. ECONOMIC PROFILE OF THE CITY .......................................................................................... 33
4.1 Background ........................................................................................................................... 33
4.2 Overview of Economic Situation of the State and the Town ................................................. 33
4.2.1 Rajasthan‟s Economic Profile .................................................................................. 34
4.2.2 Gross District Domestic Product (GDDP) ................................................................ 35
4.2.3 Per Capita Income ................................................................................................... 35
4.2.4 Industrial Policies and Incentives ............................................................................. 35
4.2.5 Udaipur District‟s Economic Profile.......................................................................... 38
4.2.6 Udaipur City ............................................................................................................. 39
4.3 Industrial and Commercial Activities ..................................................................................... 40
4.3.1 Market Yard ............................................................................................................. 41
4.3.2 Informal Commercial Activity ................................................................................... 41
4.4 Workforce Participation Rate (WFPR) .................................................................................. 42
4.5 Workers‟ Classification .......................................................................................................... 42
4.6 Horticulture ............................................................................................................................ 43
4.7 Key finding and issues .......................................................................................................... 43
5. PHYSICAL PLANNING AND GROWTH MANAGEMENT ............................................................ 45
5.1 Background ........................................................................................................................... 45
5.2 Constitutes of Planning Area ................................................................................................. 45
5.3 Projected Population under Master Plan .............................................................................. 45
5.4 Spatial Growth Trends .......................................................................................................... 46
5.5 Spatial Distribution of Population .......................................................................................... 47
5.6 Land use Analysis ................................................................................................................. 47
5.6.1 Comparison with UDPFI guideline (for large cities) ................................................. 49
5.7 Critical Appraisal of the Master Plan/Development Plan ...................................................... 50
5.7.1 Land use analysis Master Plan Provisions .............................................................. 50
5.7.2 Comparison with URDPFI Guidelines ..................................................................... 51
5.7.3 Development Proposals ........................................................................................... 53
[vi]
5.8 Urban Planning Functions and Reforms ............................................................................... 55
5.9 Roles and Responsibilities of ULB and Parastatals .............................................................. 55
6. Social and Cultural Resources ...................................................................................................... 56
6.1 Background ........................................................................................................................... 56
6.2 Health Facilities ..................................................................................................................... 56
6.2.1 Existing Situation ..................................................................................................... 56
6.2.2 Basic Public Health Indicators ................................................................................. 58
6.2.3 Role of Municipal Body in Health Programmes ....................................................... 58
6.2.4 Comparison with URDPFI Norms ............................................................................ 58
6.2.5 Issues ....................................................................................................................... 59
6.3 Educational Facilities ............................................................................................................ 59
6.3.1 Existing Situation ..................................................................................................... 60
6.3.2 Comparison with URDPFI Norms ............................................................................ 60
6.3.3 Key Issues ............................................................................................................... 61
6.4 Recreation Facilities .............................................................................................................. 62
6.4.1 Sports facilities ......................................................................................................... 62
6.4.2 Key Issues ............................................................................................................... 62
7. Infrastructure and Services ........................................................................................................... 63
7.1 Water Supply ......................................................................................................................... 63
7.1.1 Existing Water Supply Situation ............................................................................... 64
7.1.2 Water Supply – Future Demand .............................................................................. 68
7.1.3 Critical Analysis of Water Supply System post – 1st Generation CDP Scenario ..... 69
7.1.4 Institutional Framework for Water Supply System ................................................... 71
7.1.5 Key Issues ............................................................................................................... 72
7.2 Sewerage and Sanitation ...................................................................................................... 72
7.2.1 Existing Sewerage and Sanitation System .............................................................. 73
7.2.2 Future Sewage Generation ...................................................................................... 75
7.2.3 Critical Analysis of Sewerage and Sanitation System Post – 1st Generation CDP
Scenario ................................................................................................................................ 76
7.2.4 Institutional Framework for Sewerage and Sanitation System ................................ 77
7.2.5 Key Issues ............................................................................................................... 78
7.3 Solid Waste Management ..................................................................................................... 78
7.3.1 Existing Solid Waste Management System ............................................................. 79
7.3.2 Future Solid Waste Generation ............................................................................... 80
7.3.3 Critical Analysis of Solid Waste Management Systems: Post – 1st Generation CDP
Scenario ................................................................................................................................ 80
7.3.4 Institutional Framework for SWM ............................................................................. 81
7.3.5 Key Issues ............................................................................................................... 82
7.4 Storm Water Drainage .......................................................................................................... 82
[vii]
7.4.1 Existing Drainage System ........................................................................................ 82
7.4.2 Operation and Maintenance of Storm Water Drainage ........................................... 83
7.4.3 Critical Analysis of Drainage System: Post – 1st Generation CDP Scenario .......... 83
7.4.4 Key Issues ............................................................................................................... 84
8. Traffic and Transportation System ............................................................................................... 85
8.1 Existing Road Infrastructure .................................................................................................. 85
8.1.1 Road Hierarchy System in the City .......................................................................... 85
8.1.2 Important Junctions ................................................................................................. 86
8.1.3 Bridges, Flyovers and Interchanges ........................................................................ 87
8.1.4 NMT Facilities .......................................................................................................... 88
8.1.5 Issues and Key Challenges ..................................................................................... 88
8.2 Existing Traffic and Transportation System .......................................................................... 88
8.2.1 Traffic Volume .......................................................................................................... 88
8.2.2 Modes of Transport .................................................................................................. 89
8.2.3 Existing Transportation Infrastructure ...................................................................... 90
8.2.4 Parking Facilities ...................................................................................................... 90
8.2.5 Safety and Traffic Management Measures .............................................................. 91
8.2.6 Issues and Key Challenges ..................................................................................... 91
8.3 Review of Institutional and Investments ................................................................................ 92
8.3.1 Review of Institutional System ................................................................................. 92
8.3.2 Budgetary and Expenditures ................................................................................... 92
8.4 Analysis of post – 1st Generation CDP Scenario .................................................................. 93
9. Housing and Urban Poverty .......................................................................................................... 97
9.1 Overall Housing Scenario in the City .................................................................................... 97
9.1.1 Present availability of Housing Stock ...................................................................... 97
9.1.2 Quality of Housing Stock ......................................................................................... 97
9.1.3 Housing requirement as per the future Projected Population .................................. 97
9.1.4 Housing in Inner city, Unplanned areas, Urban Villages and Unauthorized Colonies
98
9.1.5 Overview of growing Housing sector in the town ..................................................... 98
9.2 Urban Poverty and Slums ..................................................................................................... 98
9.2.1 Number of Slums ..................................................................................................... 99
9.2.2 Spatial Distribution of Slums (ward-wise distribution) ............................................ 100
9.2.3 Average Slum Size ................................................................................................ 100
9.2.4 Available Infrastructure for Slum Communities ..................................................... 100
9.2.5 Land tenure-ship of Slums ..................................................................................... 101
9.2.6 Housing Stock (slums) ........................................................................................... 101
9.2.7 Government Initiatives in Slum Improvement ........................................................ 101
[viii]
9.2.8 Critical Analysis of Housing and Urban Poverty Sector under 1st Generation CDP
Scenario .............................................................................................................................. 103
9.2.9 Policy, Regulation and Institutional Framework ..................................................... 103
9.2.10 Key Issues ............................................................................................................. 104
10. Baseline Environment: Urban Environment and Disaster Management ............................ 105
10.1 Pollution Level in the Town ................................................................................................. 105
10.1.1 Ambient Air Quality ................................................................................................ 105
10.1.2 Noise Pollution ....................................................................................................... 105
10.1.3 Water Pollution....................................................................................................... 106
10.2 Water Bodies ....................................................................................................................... 109
10.2.1 List of Water Bodies ............................................................................................... 109
10.2.2 Existing Condition of Water Bodies ....................................................................... 109
10.3 Gardens, Open Spaces, and Urban Forests ....................................................................... 109
10.4 Identification of Environmentally Sensitive Areas ............................................................... 110
10.5 Disaster Proneness Assessment of the City ....................................................................... 111
10.6 Disaster Management Mitigation Measures ........................................................................ 112
10.7 Key Issues and Concerns ................................................................................................... 115
11. Climate Change and Sustainable Development ................................................................. 116
11.1 Climate Change and the City .............................................................................................. 116
11.2 Carbon Footprint Mapping – Application of Estimation Models .......................................... 117
11.3 Impact and Imperatives ....................................................................................................... 118
11.4 Climate Resilience and Carbon Reduction Strategy ........................................................... 119
12. Cultural Resources, Heritage, and Tourism ....................................................................... 121
12.1 Historical Importance of the Town ....................................................................................... 121
12.2 Existing Situation for Heritage ............................................................................................. 121
12.3 Heritage Conservation Initiatives ........................................................................................ 126
12.4 Tourism Scenario ................................................................................................................ 127
12.4.1 Major Tourist Spots ................................................................................................ 127
12.4.2 Tourist Arrival ......................................................................................................... 127
12.4.3 Existing Tourist Supported Infrastructure .............................................................. 128
12.4.4 Existing Tourism Development Initiatives .............................................................. 129
12.4.5 Role of Agencies Involved in Tourism Development ............................................. 129
12.5 Fairs and Festivals .............................................................................................................. 130
12.6 Traditional – Handicrafts, Silk, and Cuisine ........................................................................ 130
12.7 Key Concern Areas for Tourism Development ................................................................... 131
13. Assessment of Institutions, Systems and Capacities ......................................................... 132
13.1 Urban Governance System ................................................................................................. 132
13.2 Urban Reforms/Transfer of Function (CDP Post 1st Generation Scenario) ........................ 134
13.2.1 Status of JNNURM Implementation ....................................................................... 134
[ix]
13.2.2 Progress in Implementation of Reforms – State-Level Reforms ........................... 135
13.2.3 ULB-Level Reforms – Mandatory and Optional ..................................................... 136
13.3 Roles and Responsibilities of various Institutions ............................................................... 137
13.4 Key Issues ........................................................................................................................... 138
14. Financial Assessment ......................................................................................................... 140
14.1 First-Generation CDP: Key Features of Municipal Finance ................................................ 140
14.2 Key Financial Indicators ...................................................................................................... 141
14.3 Assessment of Municipal Finance....................................................................................... 141
14.3.1 Status of Municipal Finance ................................................................................... 141
14.4 Revenue Account ................................................................................................................ 143
14.4.1 Revenue Income .................................................................................................... 143
14.4.2 Revenue Expenditure ............................................................................................ 145
14.5 Capital Account ................................................................................................................... 146
14.5.1 Capital Income ....................................................................................................... 146
14.5.2 Capital Expenditure ............................................................................................... 147
14.6 Key Issues ........................................................................................................................... 147
15. City Vision, Development Goals and Strategies ................................................................. 148
15.1 Stakeholder Consultation .................................................................................................... 148
15.6 Vision Statement ................................................................................................................. 156
15.7 Sub-visions .......................................................................................................................... 156
15.8 Development Goals ............................................................................................................. 156
15.9 SWOT Analysis ................................................................................................................... 160
16. Sector Plan, Strategies and Investment Plan ..................................................................... 162
16.1 Institutionalizing CIP ............................................................................................................ 162
16.1.1 Water supply Sector Plan ...................................................................................... 163
16.1.2 Sewerage and Sanitation Sector Plan ................................................................... 166
16.1.3 Solid waste management Sector Plan ................................................................... 167
16.1.4 Storm Water Drainage Sector Plan ....................................................................... 169
16.1.5 Traffic and Transportation Sector Plan .................................................................. 170
16.1.6 Housing and Urban Poor Sector Plan ................................................................... 175
16.1.7 Social and Cultural Sector Plan ............................................................................. 176
16.3 Summary of Investment Phasing ........................................................................................ 181
16.4 Composition of investment .................................................................................................. 182
17. Financial Operating Plan .................................................................................................... 183
17.1 Financial Plan for the City ................................................................................................... 183
17.2 Methodology ........................................................................................................................ 183
17.3 Financing strategies for CIP ................................................................................................ 185
17.3.1 Financial Projections .............................................................................................. 186
17.4 Investment Sustenance Capacity........................................................................................ 186
[x]
17.4.1 Key Assumptions ................................................................................................... 186
17.5 Investible Surplus ................................................................................................................ 187
17.6 Business as Usual Scenario ............................................................................................... 188
17.7 Improved Case Scenario – Reforms Implementation ......................................................... 188
17.7.1 Key Summary ........................................................................................................ 189
17.8 Revenue Enhancement Initiatives....................................................................................... 190
17.9 Expenditure Management Initiatives ................................................................................... 191
17.10 Asset Management Initiatives ..................................................................................... 191
17.11 Financial Management Initiatives ................................................................................ 191
17.12 Projects on PPP basis ................................................................................................. 192
17.13 Land Resource Leveraging ......................................................................................... 193
17.14 Key Conclusion ........................................................................................................... 193
18. Review and monitoring framework for CDPs ...................................................................... 194
18.1 Framework for review and monitoring ................................................................................. 195
18.2 Reviewing of the CDP Document ........................................................................................ 196
18.3 Review and Monitoring of Reforms and Project Implementation ........................................ 196
18.4 Monitoring of Financial Operating Plan and Capital Investment Plan ................................. 197
19. Annexure ............................................................................................................................. 198
19.1 Attendance Sheet of Workshop .......................................................................................... 198
19.2 Workshop – Issues and Strategies provided by stakeholders ............................................ 201
19.3 List of consultations ............................................................................................................. 205
19.4 Water user charges ............................................................................................................. 206
19.5 Recast accounts .................................................................................................................. 209
19.6 Capital Investment Plan (CIP) ............................................................................................. 211
19.7 Financial Operating Plan ..................................................................................................... 213
19.7.1 Business as usual – without grant and debt .......................................................... 213
19.7.2 Business as usual – with grant and debt ............................................................... 214
19.7.3 Improved case – with grant and debt .................................................................... 215
19.8 Maps of Udaipur City ........................................................................................................... 216
[xi]
List of Tables
Table 2-1: Major Lakes and Catchment Area ....................................................................................... 17
Table 3-1: Rajasthan State Profile ........................................................................................................ 19
Table 3-2: Urban Structure of Rajasthan 2001 ..................................................................................... 20
Table 3-3 Population of growth rate – Rajasthan city, Udaipur district and Udaipur city ...................... 20
Table 3-4: Comparative Population of Udaipur City - 2011 .................................................................. 21
Table 3-5: Population Growth Trend – Udaipur City ............................................................................. 21
Table 3-6: Population Growth Trend – Census Towns ......................................................................... 22
Table 3-7: Total Population (Udaipur City + Census Towns) ............................................................... 22
Table 3-8: Migration Status – Udaipur City ........................................................................................... 23
Table 3-9: Tourist Arrival Statistics - Udaipur ....................................................................................... 23
Table 3-10: Population Density – Udaipur City ..................................................................................... 24
Table 3-11: Ward Density ..................................................................................................................... 25
Table 3-12: Household Size .................................................................................................................. 27
Table 3-13: Literacy Rate – Udaipur City .............................................................................................. 27
Table 3-14: Literacy Rate Comparison ................................................................................................. 27
Table 3-15: Sex Ratio ........................................................................................................................... 28
Table 3-16: SC and ST Population – Udaipur City* .............................................................................. 28
Table 3-17: Share of SC and ST Population – District and State Level ............................................... 29
Table 3-18: Projected Population in Different Documents .................................................................... 29
Table 3-19: Population Projections by Various Methods for 2nd
Generation CDP ................................ 30
Table 3-20 Projections for tourist population ........................................................................................ 31
Table 3-21: Projected Tourist Population .............................................................................................. 31
Table 4-1: Details of existing micro, small and artisan units – Udaipur ................................................ 38
Table 4-2: List of existing micro and macro-enterprises – Udaipur city ................................................ 41
Table 4-3: Work force Participation Rate – Udaipur city ....................................................................... 42
Table 4-4: Main and Marginal Workers ................................................................................................. 42
Table 4-5: Occupational Pattern ........................................................................................................... 43
Table 5-1: Projected population under Draft Master Plan and 1st -generation City Development Plan 45
Table 5-2: Existing Land Use – 2011, Udaipur ..................................................................................... 48
Table 5-3: Comparison of land use from 1971 to 2011 ........................................................................ 48
Table 5-4: Existing land use and comparison with URDPFI guidelines ................................................ 49
Table 5-5 Key planning parameters – Master plan of Udaipur ............................................................. 51
Table 5-6: Land use comparison – Master Plan 2022, Draft Master Plan 2031 ................................... 51
Table 5-7: Proposed land use comparison with URDPFI guidelines .................................................... 51
Table 5-8: Proposed bus stands in Draft Master Plan, 2031 ................................................................ 54
Table 6-1: Medical/Health facilities in Udaipur ...................................................................................... 57
Table 6-2: Basic Public Health Indicators ............................................................................................. 58
Table 6-3: Comparison of healthcare facilities with URDPFI guidelines .............................................. 59
[xii]
Table 6-4: Educational facilities, Udaipur 2011 .................................................................................... 60
Table 6-5: Existing education facilities in comparison with URDPFI norms ......................................... 61
Table 7-1: Water supply sources .......................................................................................................... 64
Table 7-2: Details of transmission and distribution zones .................................................................... 65
Table 7-3: Details of water treatment plants in Udaipur ........................................................................ 65
Table 7-4: Type of connections and connection charges ..................................................................... 67
Table 7-5: User charges (metered and unmetered connections) ......................................................... 67
Table 7-6: Service-level indicators for water supply sector - Udaipur .................................................. 68
Table 7-7: Water demand estimation .................................................................................................... 68
Table 7-8 Key Features of Water Supply System as per 1st Generation CDP .................................... 69
Table 7-9: Water supply system indicators – Post 1st Generation CDP ............................................... 70
Table 7-10: Service-Level Indicators – Sewerage and Sanitation ........................................................ 74
Table 7-11: Rating and Categorization of Cities based on Sanitation practices ................................... 75
Table 7-12: Sewage generation estimation .......................................................................................... 75
Table 7-13: Present Status ................................................................................................................... 77
Table 7-14: Service-Level Indicators .................................................................................................... 80
Table 7-15: Changes over the last few years ....................................................................................... 81
Table 7-16: Post – 1st Generation CDP Scenario ................................................................................. 83
Table 8-1 Distribution of road network in Udaipur city .......................................................................... 85
Table 8-2: Number of Street Lights ....................................................................................................... 87
Table 8-3: Details of Public Transport facilities - Udaipur ..................................................................... 90
Table 8-4: Post – 1st generation CDP Scenario .................................................................................... 94
Table 8-5: Udaipur Current situation ..................................................................................................... 94
Table 9-1: Details of housing stock in Udaipur city - 2001 .................................................................... 97
Table 9-2: Projected housing stock in the city ...................................................................................... 98
Table 9-3: Ward wise slum population ................................................................................................. 99
Table 9-4: Ward wise distribution of slums ......................................................................................... 100
Table 9-5: Basic services to Urban Poor ............................................................................................ 101
Table 9-6 IHSDP project details .......................................................................................................... 102
Table 10-1: Trend in noise levels ........................................................................................................ 105
Table 10-2: Noise pollution levels in Udaipur ...................................................................................... 106
Table 10-3: Water quality of major lakes in Udaipur – 2013 ............................................................... 107
Table 10-4: Ground water quality at different locations in Udaipur ..................................................... 108
Table 10-5 Water bodies, Udaipur ...................................................................................................... 109
Table 11-1: Sectoral impacts and imperatives in Rajasthan ............................................................... 118
Table 11-2: Sectoral climate resilience and carbon reduction strategy – sector wise ........................ 119
Table 12-1: List of Heritage Structures - UMC .................................................................................... 122
Table 12-2: Tourist Arrivals in Udaipur ............................................................................................... 127
Table 13-1: Status of projects implemented under JNNURM ............................................................. 134
[xiii]
Table 13-2: City-level status of mandatory reforms under JNNURM ................................................. 136
Table 13-3: Optional Reforms at ULB level ........................................................................................ 137
Table 13-4: Roles and Responsibilities of Various Institutions ........................................................... 138
Table 14-1: Changes in Municipal Finance ......................................................................................... 141
Table 14-2: Income and Expenditure of UMC..................................................................................... 142
Table 14-3: Revenue Income Constitutes ........................................................................................... 143
Table 14-4: Number of properties in Udaipur...................................................................................... 144
Table 14-5: DCB Statement of Urban Development Tax (in crores) .................................................. 145
Table 14-6: Overview of expenditure constitutes ................................................................................ 145
Table 16-1: Stakeholder Priority Sectors ............................................................................................ 148
Table 16-2: Key issues raised by Stakeholders .................................................................................. 151
Table 16-3: Projects identified through stakeholder consultations ..................................................... 153
Table 16-4: Sector- wise developmental goals ................................................................................... 157
Table 17-1: Details of proposed project by PHED .............................................................................. 165
Table 17-2: Details of proposed project by PHED .............................................................................. 167
Table 17-3: Proposed project details .................................................................................................. 169
Table 17-4: Proposed project details .................................................................................................. 170
Table 17-5: Proposed project details .................................................................................................. 173
Table 17-6: Proposed project details .................................................................................................. 176
Table 17-7: Proposed project details .................................................................................................. 179
Table 17-8: Proposed project details in the Master plan .................................................................... 179
Table 17-9 Phasing of capital investment ........................................................................................... 181
Table 18-1: Methodology for CFP ....................................................................................................... 183
Table 18-2: Key assumptions ............................................................................................................. 186
Table 18-3: Projects on PPP basis ..................................................................................................... 192
Table 19.1: Framework for Review and Monitoring of various components in the CDP .................... 195
[xiv] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
List of Figures
Figure 1-1: CBUD Project Components .................................................................................................. 3
Figure 1-2: CDP Approach ...................................................................................................................... 6
Figure 1-3: Approach and Methodology .................................................................................................. 7
Figure 1-4 Investment identified under 1st generation CDP .................................................................... 9
Figure 1-5 Kick off meeting at UMC ...................................................................................................... 10
Figure 1-6 1st city level stakeholder consultation .................................................................................. 11
Figure 2-1: Udaipur – Regional Setting ................................................................................................. 13
Figure 2-2: Location and Connectivity – Udaipur city ........................................................................... 14
Figure 3-1: Udaipur district .................................................................................................................... 20
Figure 3-2: Population growth trend – Udaipur city .............................................................................. 21
Figure 3-3: Tourists arrival in Udaipur ................................................................................................... 23
Figure 3-4: Udaipur Ward Map ............................................................................................................. 24
Figure 4-1: GSDP – Rajasthan State .................................................................................................... 34
Figure 4-2: Sectoral contribution of GSDP (current price) .................................................................... 34
Figure 4-3: District-wise GDP contribution ............................................................................................ 35
Figure 4-4: Udaipur District – GDDP (current price) ............................................................................. 38
Figure 5-1: Spatial growth trend over a time period .............................................................................. 47
Figure 5-2: Existing Spatial Structure ................................................................................................... 50
Figure 5-3: Master Plan 2022 and Draft Master Plan 2031 .................................................................. 52
Figure 7-1 Existing water supply system .............................................................................................. 63
Figure 7-2: Water supply network map - Udaipur ................................................................................. 66
Figure 7-3 Administration framework for water supply ......................................................................... 72
Figure 7-4 Existing status of sewerage and sanitation ......................................................................... 73
Figure 7-5 Existing SWM system .......................................................................................................... 78
Figure 8-1 Vehicular registration growth ............................................................................................... 89
Figure 10-1: Biodiversity map – Rajasthan ......................................................................................... 111
Figure 10-2: State- and district-level disaster management institutional framework .......................... 114
Figure 12-1: Tourist arrivals in Udaipur ............................................................................................... 128
Figure 12-2: Important tourist spots in the city .................................................................................... 128
Figure 13-1: Existing organizational structure of UMC ....................................................................... 133
Figure 14-1: Overview of Financial Position of UMC .......................................................................... 142
Figure 14-2: Tax and Non-tax sources of Revenue Income ............................................................... 143
Figure 14-3: Revenue expenditure ..................................................................................................... 145
Figure 14-4: Capital income ................................................................................................................ 146
Figure 14-5: Capital expenditure ......................................................................................................... 147
Figure 15-1: Pictures of stakeholder‟s meeting................................................................................... 149
[xv] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Figure 15-2: Milestones ....................................................................................................................... 156
Figure 16-1 Probable corridor for TOD ............................................................................................... 171
Figure 16-2 Select proposed transport projects .................................................................................. 175
Figure 16-3: Capital investment need for 2021 (figures in Rs. crores) ............................................... 181
Figure 16-4 Share of proposed investment by agencies .................................................................... 182
Figure 17-1: Investible surplus – Base and Improved case (figures in Rs.lakhs) ............................... 187
Figure 17-2 Business as usual – with grant and debt ......................................................................... 188
Figure 17-3 Improved case – with grant and debt .............................................................................. 189
Figure 17-4: Investment sustenance capacity (figures in Rs. crores) ................................................. 189
Ministry of Urban Development
[1] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
1. PROJECT BACKGROUND
1.1 Context
The need for overall urban improvement and development to sustain the economic growth momentum
post the liberalization era first found its expression in the mandate of Jawaharlal Nehru National
Urban Renewal Mission (JnNURM) launched by the Government of India in 2005. The project
endeavoured to bring about an improvement in urban areas for their quality of life and make them as
investment destinations. The programme derived its initial rationale from the „National Common
Minimum Programme‟ of the Government of India that laid stress on the expansion of physical
infrastructure, and therefore, comprehensive urban renewal and slum development could be taken up.
The second rationale for such a large-scale programme was derived from India‟s international
commitment to achieving the Millennium Development Goals and therefore, the Government of India
(GoI) proposed to:
Facilitate investments in the urban sector; and
Strengthen the existing policies in order to achieve these goals.
In recognition to the above mandate, the JNNURM programme was conceived. The scale of the
programme was aimed to be on a mission mode, primarily to make the cities to realize their full
potential and become engines for growth. It was opined that the urban sector contributes to over 50%
of the country‟s gross domestic product (GDP), and therefore, focused attention is required for urban
infrastructure development.
As already mentioned above, JNNURM is the first flagship national programme for urban
development of this nature and size launched by the Government of India. The programme sought to
bring about a change in the very manner of looking at urban development. It recognized the
importance of two major aspects for urban development in the country including:
The need for urban infrastructure improvement in order to improve quality of life and sustain
the local economy as well as to attract more investments; and
The need for investment for carrying out the urban infrastructure improvements.
In doing the above, the programme brought about the necessary awareness among the urban local
bodies (ULBs) regarding planning and implementation of projects, need for systematizing the urban
services and their management, the need for involving stakeholders in project planning, and raising
revenues for the urban areas that can sustain the urban infrastructure. Significant emphasis was
given to urban governance reforms and the need to link reforms with investments. Assistance
therefore to the state governments and ULBs was proposed to flow through a reform-linked plan.
Introduction of such reforms was considered crucial for developing sustainable infrastructure that
would include:
Efficient management of created physical assets so as to increase self-sustainability and
Enhance efficient service delivery.
Both these aspects were to be achieved through the agenda of reforms in the cities.
Progress
Over the past seven years, the programme has committed over Rs. 286 billion for 552 projects
involving a total investment of over Rs. 620 billion. Some of the key achievements of the project
include:
Ministry of Urban Development
[2] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
The mission has been successful in catalyzing multi-year investments and reformed
development in urban infrastructure.
There has been visible improvement in the delivery of municipal services in many cities.
Some cities have prepared development/master plans for the first time. There is also greater
awareness in the ULBs regarding the need to develop systematic plans for improvement in
infrastructure. There is also an increase in the aspiration levels among communities and a
demand for better infrastructure and services.
Several projects, especially in the transport sector, have been taken up within the JNNURM
framework that has significantly improved the quality of life in the cities.
There has been good progress in the implementation of reforms at state and central level.
Most of the states have framed their policies on reforms and started implementing the same.
ULBs have started implementing the reforms in the areas of accounting and e-governance.
While there has been significant change in the urban sector due to JNNURM, at the same, there have
been challenges, which need to be addressed going forward:
City development plan (CDP) was seen as an investment plan for projects in the immediate
term, and not as a vision document for the city, with very limited cities revising the same.
While preparing the CDP, consultations with the stakeholders were limited and mostly
restricted to the line departments and parastatal agencies.
The pace of project execution has been found to be slow. Some states have been able to
take greater advantage of the programme than others.
Cities have not been very successful in leveraging JNNURM funds to raise finances on their
own or to attract private or PPP-based investment.
The ULBs are not in a position to take over all the functions mentioned under the 12th
schedule of 74th Constitutional Amendment Act (74th CAA) at present. Most of the ULBs are
also not in a position to take over functions like roads and bridges, water supply, sewerage,
drainage, and urban forestry due to their present incapacity to do so.
Institutional strengthening and capacity building initiatives are yet to be initiated in most of the
ULBs. Most of the ULBs are facing capacity related issues such as lack of staff (staff
recruitment has not been carried out since long).
The Planning Commission of Government of India, through a committee, has devised a framework for
JNNURM-II. This framework has been prepared after studying and analyzing the success and
challenges arising from JNNURM-I and the initiatives taken by other ministries in urban development.
1.2 Revised CDP under Capacity Building for Urban
Development Project
In order to give an impetus to the reforms under JNNURM, the Ministry of Urban Development
(MoUD) and the Ministry of Housing and Urban Poverty Alleviation (MoHUPA) have launched a new
project called „Capacity Building for Urban Development’ (CBUD). The project has been launched
with support from the World Bank (WB). The Government of India (GoI) has received financing from
the World Bank / International Development Association (IDA) towards the CBUD project. The broad
aim of the CBUD project is to address the major constraints of urban development and specifically
focus on the capacity building requirements for successful urban management and poverty reduction
across the selected ULBs in India.
Ministry of Urban Development
[3] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
The project will contribute to GoI‟s overarching objective of creating economically productive, efficient,
equitable, and responsive cities. Achieving this objective will help sustain high rates of economic
growth, accelerate poverty reduction, and improve services, especially to the urban poor.
The project has the following three components.
Figure 1-1: CBUD Project Components
1. Capacity Building for Strengthened Urban Management. This component is aligned with
the infrastructure and governance sub-mission of JNNURM and will thus support the technical
assistance across several urban management topics.
2. Capacity Building for Effective Urban Poverty Monitoring and Alleviation. These
capacity-building initiatives are aligned with the basic services to the urban poor sub-mission.
They reflect the need for building information systems, sharing experiences, and designing
strategies on urban poverty alleviation.
3. Implementation Support. This component will support a national Project Management Unit
(PMU) for providing overall technical and managerial support during the implementation of the
programme. The PMU will play a critical role in promoting and supporting the project.
1.2.1 Preparation of Revised CDP under CBUD Programme
In order to identify the broader issues for intervention and areas of assistance pertaining to the
development of city, CDPs, which were already available for most of the cities under JNNURM, are
required to be revised as per the revised CDP Guidelines (April 2013) issued by the Ministry of Urban
Development.
MoUD has identified 30 cities across India under the CBUD project to facilitate the support. MoUD
invited proposals and entrusted CRISIL Risk & Infrastructure Solutions with the responsibility of
preparing the CDP.
1.3 Revised CDP Guidelines – Key Areas of Emphasis
The revised guidelines issued by MoUD further incorporate additional aspects, which shall be covered
while preparing both the Fresh and Revised CDP. The aspects to be incorporated are:
Formation of CDP committees – policy and technical
Inclusion of heritage, health, and education sector in the CDP
Stress on infrastructure management aspects
Ministry of Urban Development
[4] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Outcome parameters of projects
Revenue enhancement initiative, expenditure management initiatives, and asset management
initiatives
Special emphasis on PPP projects
Transit oriented development.
Apart from the above points, some of the other key areas of importance in the revised guidelines are
as follows.
1.3.1 Vision-Led Planning
The revised guidelines specify that unlike the past CDPs, the vision for city needs to be more detailed.
The vision need to be based on understanding the SWOT for the city and the needs and priorities of
the people of the city. The people must be encouraged at workshops and consultation sessions to
visualize the future of the city, their aspirations, and the consequent growth that they anticipate in the
city. This vision finally can be translated into respective sectoral visions.
1.3.2 Resource-based planning
Every city in India in the context of its regional location has particular strengths in terms of its resource
endowments. Such resources need to be assessed and their strengths realized for city development.
The approach for plan preparation could be: a) national resource led planning for cities endowed with
natural resources like water bodies OR b) Economy based (for an industrial or trading city), OR c)
Tourism based for heritage cities OR d) combination of the above. This helps in settling the city apart
from the rest. This approach can be identified based on:
Existing city strengths and opportunities;
Regional role of city in the context of state development, and
Needs of the city
1.3.3 Participatory approach
As already mentioned above, the revised CDP guidelines have specified that the CDP be treated as a
„living document‟. For this, periodic revision and up-dation of the CDP is necessary. Such revisions
have to and must be conducted with a participatory planning approach. The CDP outlines that local
area plans need to be prepared in consultation with the ward committees to fulfil the expectations of
the citizens. Also, the guidelines specify that such an approach is necessary to ensure that equity
concerns and poverty issues are integrated in the CDP. Consultations also need to be carried out at
every stage of the plan preparation and implementation. The citizens must be able to prioritize and
choose their needs for infrastructure development.
1.3.4 Equity concerns, poverty, and local economy development
Poverty and local economy development go hand in hand. Understanding of the local economy would
help in devising appropriate infrastructure development strategies that can help in/be conducive to the
growth of local economy and thereby nurture local talent and resources. These need to be given
adequate focus in the present CDP exercises and therefore help in not just local economy
development but also in regional economy development.
The 12th Five Year Plan has also started a mission for National Urban Poverty Alleviation (NUPAM)
for targeting housing and poverty alleviation based on recommendations of the NUPAM identifying the
Ministry of Urban Development
[5] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
issues of poverty and housing in city and implementation status of programmes such as Rajiv Awas
Yojana (RAY), Integrated Housing and Slum Development Programme (IHSDP), etc. Integration of
these aspects would be crucial in making the CDP relevant to state and central government policies.
1.3.5 Capacity building in ULBs
The ULBs presently face serious human resource shortage for planning, development, and urban
management activities (including operation and maintenance, monitoring and evaluation, financial
management, and procurement). This issue has been highlighted by the study on appraisal of
JNNURM projects as well. The guidelines have proposed that the CDPs must address this issue.
Also, it has been suggested in the guidelines that urban reforms need to be undertaken with greater
participatory approach. The strategies to arrive at the vision for the city should be linked to the reform
agenda. ULBs should be asked to furnish the reforms and propose a timeline to achieve the same.
Administrative and structural reforms should be made mandatory and carried out as soon as possible.
Financial thresholds need to be decided and adhered to for the central assistance under JNNURM
being given as a soft loan or a grant. This approach would help in designing an appropriate capacity
building strategy.
1.3.6 Sectoral action plans with goal-oriented targets
The revised guidelines specifically outline the need for preparation of sectoral action plans that have
targets oriented towards specific goals. Action plans are specifically required f such as Local
Economic Development Plan, Infrastructure Development Action Plan, Housing and poverty
alleviation action plan, City Mobility Plan, Heritage Management Plan (Where needed), Financial
Management Plan, Institutional and Capacity Building Action Plan and Environment Management
Plan (including disaster management). Such sectoral plans would be based on clearly identified
goals. Also, inter-sectoral as well as intra-sectoral linkages need to be addressed through the CDP.
1.3.7 Monitoring and evaluation arrangements
The guidelines clearly outline the need for monitoring and evaluation at regular intervals for
implementation of the CDP. Also, development of such monitoring arrangements would go a long way
in securing community participation in the process of monitoring.
1.4 Objective of the Assignment
The CDP aims to identify an integrated solution to the challenges facing the city. It recognizes the
economic growth strategy as well as the actions that would be required by various agencies to ensure
sustainable development of the city. The CDP is the ULB‟s strategy that presents the vision of a
desired future for the city, and the mission statements on how the ULB, together with other
stakeholders, intends to work towards achieving this long-term vision. The CDP incorporates the
assessment of city on majorly four levels: socio-cultural and economic environment; physical
environment; infrastructure services and institutions; and urban poverty and heritage.
The primary objective of this assignment is to revise and update the existing CDP. The scope of work
in brief shall entail the following:
Profiling the present status of the city, giving an in-depth analysis of its demographic,
economic, financial, infrastructure, physical, environmental, and institutional aspects
Ministry of Urban Development
[6] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Based on the above analysis, the consultant shall develop a perspective and a vision for the
city, which would be prepared in consultation with its relevant stakeholders. In order to
achieve the vision, a formulation strategy for bridging the gap between where the city is at
present and where it wishes to reach need to be prepared.
The CDP should provide for a City Investment Plan (CIP), based on which the concerned
ULB will be able to access funds under central/ state government schemes as well as from
own and other sources based on priority actions and projects identified in the CDP.
The document should also provide Financial Operating Plan (FOP) to direct the ULBs for
mobilizing various financial resources to implement the identified projects. The inter-sectoral
and intra-sectoral issues need to be addressed by the CDP.
Preparation of the CDP will consist of city development strategies that will emerge out of a
structured consultative process. The process will enable elected representatives, key staff of
departments of Municipal Corporation/ Municipal Corporation, Parastatal agencies and other
institutions, policy makers and the citizens to participate and plan for spatial, social and
economic development of the concern cities.
The CDP has to adhere to the latest revised toolkit prepared by the MOUD for CDP
preparation published on its website www.jnnurm.nic.in in April 2013.
1.5 Approach and Methodology
The approach to the assignment would be based on the consultative and analytical assessment of the
existing situation. The inputs from stakeholders would be used to prioritize areas of development and
formulate strategies, in order to make the revised CDP an implementable document. The approach of
revised CDP preparation is presented in the figure below.
Figure 1-2: CDP Approach
The revised CDP would be prepared for the period of next 30 years, i.e., 2041. It will be a forward-
looking consensus programme for the city that outlines the path with respect to the following aspects:
Infrastructure Development – Assessment, gap analysis, arriving at investment requirement
(short term and long term), and prioritization of various services provided by the municipal
Ministry of Urban Development
[7] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
corporation - water supply, sewerage, storm water drainage, roads, traffic and transportation,
street lighting, solid waste management, fire fighting, education, health, etc.
Slum Development – Preparation of a programme for the development of slum pockets in
the city. This includes access to all the basic services as well as housing for urban poor.
Economic Development – The revised CDP will focus critically on tapping the strengths of
the region and identifying key economic development opportunities for the city.
Social Development – The revised CDP will take into account the social development needs
of the city such as the need for hospitals, education institutes, and recreational centres.
Institutional Development – Assessment of capacity-building needs of ULBs to undertake
development of city
Financial Sustainability - The revised CDP will assess the revenue sources, areas of
expenditure and current and future investment requirement of the city. Based on this, it would
arrive at a sustainable investment capacity and would suggest measures to improve revenues
and control expenditures.
Reform Assessment Plan – The revised CDP will also discuss status of various reforms
undertaken by the ULBS to bring about improvements. These reforms are in the areas of
accounting, e-governance, property tax, user changes, building bye laws.
Moreover, the approach will be based on the philosophy of developing workable solutions. The
methodology for the preparation of revised CDP is presented in the figure below. Broadly, there are
five stages in the process. Each of the tasks and the components are further discussed in detail in this
chapter.
Figure 1-3: Approach and Methodology
Inception meeting
City level Assessment, SWOT Analysis, Review of SLB indicators and ongoing projects & reforms
Submission of Interim ReportStakeholder
Meeting
Preparation of FOP and CIP, framing Vision, Goals, Identification of priority sectors and identification of Infrastructure projects.
Submission of Draft Report
Stakeholder
MeetingFinal City Development Plan
Committee Formation
CDB Policy Committee
CDP Technical Committee
1st Step
2nd Step
3rd Step
4th Step
5th Step
Data collection as required for CDP
Review of 1st Generation CDP
Submission of Inception Report
1.6 Brief of 1st Generation CDP
The 1st generation CDP for Udaipur town was prepared in the year 2006-07. The preparation of CDP
involved consultations with UMC officers, the elected body, and representatives from other parastatals
Ministry of Urban Development
[8] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
dealing with urban infrastructure and service provisioning in the town. An important and essential
component of the CDP preparation process is stakeholder consultation. In order to effectively capture
the needs and priorities of the stakeholder, a three-stage consultation process was adopted. The
consultant had arranged for presentations and discussions at different stages, where necessary
inputs were provided by the officers. The CDP report mentions that it was prepared in consultation
with:
Udaipur Municipal Council (UMC),
Urban Improvement Trust (UIT),
Public Health Engineering Department (PHED),
Public Works Department (PWD).
Moreover, consultations were conducted with NGOs, the Chamber of commerce, Hotelier‟s
Association, transport associations, key industrialists, and eminent citizens.
The city vision of Udaipur is an amalgamation of voices of several cross sections of the civil society. It
is defined ensuring representation of views and aspirations shared by stakeholders. The vision of
Udaipur as developed after taking the above factors into account is:
“A city of lakes that provides for its residents an environmentally friendly,
economically vibrant ambiance, providing large amounts and a variety of
opportunities along with a sustainable infrastructure that takes care of all of its
citizens giving equal importance to urban poor of city”
The CDP notes that the stakeholder consultations were attended by participants from various
government offices, public representatives, journalists, builders and engineers, trade and commerce
institutions, academicians, members of the civil society, non-governmental organizations, etc.
However, most of the officials involved in CDP preparation are not with UMC now, and the present
UMC officials seem to be unaware of the vision and projects identified for Udaipur under the CDP.
The discussion with the honourable mayor of city revealed that elected representatives have
contributed extensively in the preparation of the CDP.
The UMC officials are interested in developing a comprehensive document for the development of
Udaipur city. They intend to increase the role of UMC in developing and implementing infrastructure
projects, as they would be better equipped with data for managing the infrastructure, which has been
designed and developed by them.
The local government of Udaipur has recently got upgraded to a municipal corporation from a
municipal council. A technical and managerial capacity enhancement programme may be covered
under revision of CDP. The UMC officials are specifically looking forward to in-house capacity
building, e-governance for all municipal services, projects under social amenities and traffic
management that can improve the quality of life and inclusion of issues related to flood/ disaster
mitigation.
1.6.1 Key facts at the time of preparation of 1st generation CDP
The CDP report for the city of Udaipur projects a population of 8.41 lakhs for the year 2031. The
status of infrastructure then in the town was inadequate. The intermittent availability of water supply
was 74 lpcd. An underground sewerage network was present in select areas of the city; septic tanks
and soak pits were used for the disposal of sludge at the household level where underground
drainage is not laid. Door-to-door solid waste collection not implemented. The waste was being
collected at community MSW containers and dumped at dump site without treatment.
Ministry of Urban Development
[9] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
1.6.2 Projects envisaged under 1st generation CDP
For improving service delivery, the previous CDP has proposed capital investment plan for the Year
2006-12. It defined the demand and investment needs across different sectors. It envisaged projects
to the tune of Rs. 742 crores under various sectors. Nearly half of the investment was planned for
water supply and followed by sewerage. Other major sectors include traffic and transportation,
drainage (including development of the Ayad River), lake conservation, and heritage and tourism. The
table below presents the cost break-up for each proposed project and the key components under
each sector.
Figure 1-4 Investment identified under 1st
generation CDP
Source: 1st Generation City Development Plan for Udaipur
1.7 Brief scenario of city after 1st Generation CDP
The 1st generation CDP is a detailed and comprehensive documentation of the city‟s urban
infrastructure, municipal services, and other specific sectors such as urban environment, heritage etc.
It focused on a consultative approach to finalize and prioritize the projects.
As proposed in the 1st generation CDP, the water supply project was taken up, and related service
levels have shown improvement over the years. The water supply project was implemented by PHED.
Even though proposed, projects of solid waste management and sewerage projects were not taken
up by UMC due to lack of technical knowhow for designing and implementing large infrastructure
projects. It is important to note that the ULB of Udaipur has been recently upgraded to a municipal
corporation from a municipal council. The staffing of UMC is being upgraded, which will help in
improving the capacity for developing infrastructure projects.
Presently, UMC has limited role in the provisioning of urban services. Water supply is provided by
PHED. UIT plays an important role in developing new projects for sewerage and roads. Recently,
maintenance of sewerage been transferred to UMC. UMC is providing SWM and roads. Hence, UMC
has comparatively lower financial responsibility, and with the available financial resources, it could
manage the services and achieve a stable operating ratio in last few years. In future, role and
responsibility of UMC in service provisioning will increase, which will require more financial resources.
Ministry of Urban Development
[10] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
In state of Rajasthan, urban development tax (UDT) is levied instead of property tax. It is known that
UD tax allows for higher exemption as compared to property tax. The Urban Development tax
collection performance of UMC is nearly 10%, which needs to be improved on priority. Implementation
of property tax in true sense is necessary. The service provisioning levels for SWM and sanitation
facilities need to be improved, and user charges need to be levied.
The 1st generation CDP highlighted need for lake conservation, heritage conservation, and tourism
development. The lake conservation has been taken up under National Lake Conservation
Programme (NLCP). The heritage listing has recently been initiated. These efforts need strengthening
for supporting tourism economy of city.
1.8 Key Process undertaken for CDP Preparation
The revision of CDP was initiated with a kick-off meeting in September 2013. The Municipal
Commissioner of the Udaipur Municipal Corporation (UMC) chaired the meeting and was attended by
key city officials to be involved in the CDP preparation process. The following aspects were discussed
during the meeting:
Objective and coverage of the CBUD project
Need for revising CDP
Revised CDP guidelines
Process of preparation of revised CDP
Formation of committees
Importance of consultation process and city level stakeholder workshops
Timelines and deliverables
The support and information needed from UMC officials was discussed in detail which was followed
up by responding the queries of UMC officials.
Figure 1-5 Kick off meeting at UMC
A meeting with the honourable mayor of Udaipur city was conducted post kick off meeting. A briefing
was given to her about the CBUD project, objective of revision of CDP, and role of the elected body.
Data collection
After the kick-off meeting, CRIS team members visited Udaipur city several times to collect data from
different organizations such as UMC, UIT, PHED, Pollution Control Board, Education and health
Ministry of Urban Development
[11] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
department etc. Other major documents such as Udaipur Master plan, detailed project reports of
various urban services, municipal budget, slum free city plan of action and physical progress of on-
going projects was collected. CRIS team has carried out the consultations with various stakeholders
of the city and carried out City level assessment which includes the Strength, Weakness, Opportunity
and Threat (SWOT) analysis.
1.8.1 Committee Formation
One of the important aspects in the revised CDP guidelines is the formation of committees -- CDP
Policy Committee and CDP Technical Committees. These committees would guide the overall CDP
revision process. The UMC is in process of formation of these committees.
1.8.2 Stakeholder’s consultation brief
To ensure a participatory and inclusive development process CRIS team carried out wide range of
stakeholder consultations and focus group discussions with the city stakeholders of the city. The
exercise involved mapping of the key stakeholders in the city followed by discussions on city level
issues. As indicated in the figure below, one to one consultations were carried out with the
Government officials, business and trade organisations.
Further, CRIS in association with UMC organised a city level stakeholder workshop on 9th June 2014
at UMC. The Objective of the workshop was to discuss about status and performance of service
delivery mechanism in Udaipur, City SWOT analysis, to understand aspirations of the citizen on city
development and framing of the vision for Udaipur city. The workshop was attended by 48 participants
who include the representatives from parastatal agencies, NGOs, academicians, trade association,
hotelier association, UMC council member and UMC officials etc.
Figure 1-6 1st
city level stakeholder consultation
Ministry of Urban Development
[12] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Ministry of Urban Development
[13] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Figure 2-1: Udaipur – Regional Setting
2. INTRODUCTION TO THE CITY
Udaipur city is considered as one of the oldest cities in India. Foundation of the present day Udaipur,
which is the capital city of Mewar kingdom, was laid in 1559 by Maharaja Udai Singh. The city
continued to be the capital of Mewar till it became a princely state of British India in 1818. When India
got independence in 1947, the Maharaja of Udaipur granted the place to the Government of India
Udaipur was constituted as a municipality in 1922 by the Mewar dynasty. In 1960, Udaipur was
connected with Ahmedabad through a meter gauge railway line, which has increased the tourist traffic
from Gujarat to Udaipur and has also increased the trade between these two important regional
trading hubs. In April 2013, it got the status of Municipal Corporation.
2.1 Regional Setting
The city is a district head quarter of Udaipur
district. Udaipur also serves as a market centre
for smaller towns in the region. The city has
wholesale markets for various commodities
ranging from food grains to building materials.
Krishi Upaj Mandi is a centralized wholesale
market for grains.
After the partition of India, a large number of
refugees migrated to Udaipur, which increased
the city‟s population and eventually its extent.
Important educational institutes offering
graduate and post-graduate degrees, such as
universities, agriculture colleges, polytechnics,
medical colleges, rural institutes, ayurvedic
colleges, and Railway Research Institute, were
established. During this time, it was discovered
that Udaipur city and surrounding region were
rich in mineral resources. The important metals
and non-metallic minerals found in the district were ore of copper, lead, zinc, and silver. Among
industrial minerals, phosphate, asbestos, calcite, limestone, barites, emerald, and marble were also
found in the region. With the availability of these important minerals, Udaipur and its surrounding
region witnessed industrial development.
The city has witnessed multi-fold development in the last two decades. It acts as an industrial,
administrative, and educational centre of the region. It is also an important tourist destination for local
as well as foreign travellers; however, the city is facing competition from other cities of Rajasthan. The
city‟s connectivity and historic significance play a major role in making it an important city of the
region.
Ministry of Urban Development
[14] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
2.2 Administrative Boundary
Udaipur city is the administrative capital of Udaipur district having a total area of 11,724 sq km. As of
today, there are 17 urban centres comprising Municipal Corporation, municipalities, and census
towns. The UMC is the only municipal corporation in the district. UMC has an area of 64 sq km after
the city‟s expansion, and is divided into 55 election and revenue wards. The city has witnessed
growth in peripheral areas during the last few years, owing to which 4 adjoining towns are being
notified as census/urban towns. These urban centres are Bedla, Bargaon, Bhuwana, and Bicchri.
2.2.1 Location and connectivity
Udaipur city is a part of Girwa tehsil of Udaipur district in southern Rajasthan, which is located at an
altitude of 1962 feet from mean sea level. It is located at longitude 24.58°N and latitude 73.68°E. On
its southwest state capital city of Jaipur, in west city of Kota, and in northeast city of Ahmedabad are
located.
Figure 2-2: Location and Connectivity – Udaipur city
Udaipur is directly linked to major cities of India like New Delhi, Jaipur, Ahmedabad, and Mumbai
through roads, railways, and air routes. It is located at a distance of about 450 km from Jaipur and
250 km from Ahmedabad on National Highway 8. It also has the distinction of being the only city in
the country to have both the East-West and North-South Corridors of the Golden Quadrilateral
Highway Project passing through it. Udaipur is well connected to the major cities of India by land, rail,
and air. The city lies on the Golden Quadrilateral National Highway (NH-8), midway between Delhi
and Mumbai. The East-West Corridor, which starts from Porbandar and ends at Silchar, passes from
Udaipur and shares the common space from Udaipur to Chittor.
Udaipur city has direct trains on the broad gauge network to most of the major cities in Rajasthan and
the rest of India such as Alwar, Jaipur, Kota, Chittorgarh, Ajmer, Delhi, and other cities and a meter
gauge network to Ahmedabad. Famous luxury trains, the Palace on Wheels, Royal Rajasthan,
Maharaja Express, and Indian Maharaja, make a scheduled stop in Udaipur. The city is a famous
tourist attraction, with approximately 15 to 18 thousand daily tourist arrivals and is often called as the
„Venice of the East‟ as well as the „Lake City‟. The lakes Pichola, Fateh Sagar, Udai Sagar, and
Swaroop Sagar in the city are considered as the most beautiful lakes in the state.
Ministry of Urban Development
[15] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Maharana Pratap Airport is situated in a satellite town about 20 km from Udaipur city. Daily flights are
operated by various airlines, which connect Udaipur with Jodhpur, Jaipur, Mumbai, and Delhi. The
airport was constructed by the Airports Authority of India and is going to be upgraded to an
international airport.
2.3 Defining the Study Area
A key step in the preparation of CDP is the delineation of its limits, i.e., the geographic extent to be
considered in the plan. Spatial limits considered for developing the revised CDP include area under
the ULB and the outer growth areas. As per the 2011 census, Bedla, Bargaon, Bhuwana, and Bichhri
towns are classified as census towns – outer growth areas. As per the Udaipur Draft Master Plan for
2031, other than the Udaipur city area, total 121 revenue villages have been added in the planning
area.
2.4 Physical Setting
2.4.1 Topography and geology
Udaipur is strategically guarded by the spectacularly green, lofty, and mineral-rich Aravalli hills and
steel-blue lakes. The old city is mostly on a hillock, and new extensions are on a plain terrain, which is
enclosed by a massive wall 5-feet thick and about 20 feet high and having about a 6-mile
circumference, which was constructed during 1615-1734 AD. The wall has 10 gates.
The Udaipur district is divided into three regions based on physiographic and geological
characteristics: tribal, desert, and plain regions. It has undulating topography, towards the western
part of the district; series of Aravalli hills run along north east and south west direction.
A typical plain of gneisses and granites without any alluvium cover is observed to the east of Aravalli
ridges. Soil characteristics of the district vary from clay loam to heavy clay. Geomorphologically, the
district is divided into the following units:
Origin Land forms Occurrence
Fluvial Valley Fill Scattered in the entire district
Denudation Pediment Main concentration in the northeast and scattered in the entire district
Buried pediment Main concentration in the east and scattered in the entire district
Hill Structural Hill Cover the entire district, except the northeast
The hydrogeological formations occurring in and around Udaipur city being mainly graywackes and
phyllites, generally have poor ground water potentiality. The average yield of the tube wells in is 6000-
9000 per hour1.
1 http://www.geologydata.info/udaipur_water_resources.htm
Ministry of Urban Development
[16] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
2.4.2 Climate
Winter season is the favourable season to visit Udaipur. During the coldest month of January, days
are bright, sunny, and warm with maximum temperature around 28.3°C. Mornings, evenings, and
nights are cold with the minimum temperature around 11.6°C. During summer months, the average
maximum temperature is around 40°C. Monsoon arrives in the month of July, and the average annual
rainfall is about 637 mm. Monthly precipitation varies between 3.5 mm in January to 205 mm in the
month of August.
2.4.3 Agriculture, mineral, and industry
Agriculture
Udaipur district falls under the humid southern plain as per the agriculture and water map of the
state2. The majorly crops grown in the district include wheat, malt, corn, guar, pulses, sugarcane,
cotton, oil seeds, rice, and tobacco. Udaipur serves as a market centre for smaller towns of the
region. The city has wholesale markets for various commodities ranging from food grains to building
materials. Krishi Upaj Mandi is a centralized wholesale market for grains. UIT has also planned to
develop a large sub-city centre. This is essential to meet the growing need for a formal and organized
commercial space in the heart of city and decentralization of commercial activities from the walled
city.
Mineral and industry
Industrially, Udaipur‟s development originated in the 1950s. Prior to the 1950s, only about 15 units
were registered in Udaipur. These units were largely associated with the processing and
manufacturing of mineral ores, metals, chemicals, and pharmaceuticals, as well as wooden toys, oil,
and food products. The most important milestone in the development of mineral-based industries was
the formation of Rajasthan State Mines and Mineral Corporation Limited.
On the basis of the development in the industrial sector, Udaipur is considered to be one among the
leading districts of the state. This is merely due to the fact that Udaipur has a large variety of mineral
resources as well as it is connected through rails and roads from all important trade centres of the
state as well as country.
There are around 14678 commercial establishments in the city as on 2011 (covering shops and
workshops). After 1955, various industries established themselves outside the city wall and near the
railway station along the Udai Sagar Road. Most of these were associated with metals, automobiles,
stone grinding, and auto-repair workshops.
2.4.4 Water resources
The Rajasthan state constitutes 10% of the country‟s area, but is bestowed with only 1.17% of its
water resources. Ground water table all over the state is going down3. Major water resources for the
city are lakes; Udaipur is dependent on its lake system, which is directly or indirectly the life source of
the city in terms of surface water resources, tourism, and the ecosystem at large.
2 In absence of city level information, information is derived from this source
http://www.krishi.rajasthan.gov.in/Departments/Agriculture/index_hnd.asp 3 http://envfor.nic.in/sites/default/files/SoE%20report%20of%20Rajasthan_0.pdf
Ministry of Urban Development
[17] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
The Udaipur lake system comprises lakes Pichola, Rang Sagar, Fateh Sagar, Swaroop Sagar, Badi,
Madar, and Udai Sagar. All the lakes form a chain in the saucer shaped Udaipur valley. The inner
Girwa plain of Udaipur is surrounded by the western and central hill, and its water drains into the Ahar
River. Important lakes of this basin are Badi, Fateh Sagar, Pichola, Rang Sagar, and Swaroop Sagar.
Table 2-1: Major Lakes and Catchment Area
Lake name Catchment Area (Ha)
Pichola lake 12700
Fatehsagar lake 2315
Bada Madar lake 7290
Chotta Madar lake 2534
Badi lake 1820
Chikalwas lake 6450
Total 33190
Source: Brief Note on Urban Environment – Rajasthan Pollution Control Board
Fatehsagar Lake
The lake is situated in the north of Udaipur city, as a part of the western lake frontage. The lake was
constructed in the year 1678 AD and then renovated in 1889 AD by Maharana Fateh Singh. The dam
of this reservoir is 720 m in length and about 100 m in breadth. The lake has a catchment area of
53.66 km. The greatest depth of lake lies near the middle of the dam, i.e., 13.4 m. The total spread is
4.0 sq km.
Lake Pichola
The lake was initially constructed in the 14th century. Rana Udai Singh further raised its embankment
in 1560 AD. Water spread of the lake is 6.96 sq km, and it has a maximum depth of 10.5 m towards
the west where the Kotra River drains into the lake. The lake is the main source of drinking water. The
Sisarma River, a tributary of Kotra, is the chief source of water to the lake.
Rang Sagar
This lake was constructed by Amar Singh Badava and is also called „Amarkund‟ after him.
Constructed in 1668, this lake has a length of 1030 m, a width of 245 m, and a maximum depth of 7
m. It is one of the smallest lakes along the western waterfront of Udaipur, and connects Pichola and
Swaroop Sagar.
Swaroop Sagar
Swaroop Sagar lake is located in south of Rang Sagar and it is a part of Lake Pichola. The lake
provides a combined water weir for Pichola and Rang Sagar. The lake also links Pichola and Rang
Sagar with adjoining Fateh Sagar Lake through a canal. In monsoon, this canal is sometimes used to
draw water in Fateh Sagar from Pichola Lake when Pichola reaches a high water level.
2.4.5 Forest resources
Forests constitute an important component of the physical environment of the state. Rajasthan state
is largely arid. It has only 9.5% of the total geographical area recorded as forest. Most of the forests
are dry deciduous type and concentrated in the Aravalli and Vindhyan hill systems in eastern
Ministry of Urban Development
[18] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Rajasthan with the western part having many grasslands. The forests are rich in flora and fauna. The
forests of Rajasthan are spread unequally in the northern, southern, eastern, and south-eastern parts.
As per 2001 information, 37% of the total geographical area of Udaipur district is under forests. As
compared to other districts of Rajasthan, the Udaipur district has higher forest resources. The per
capita forest area is 0.17 Ha, as per the census 2001 population4.
A strong social forestry programme is underway, to preserve forests and biodiversity, since the 1980s.
There is extreme exploitation of forests and biodiversity in the state.
4 Presented data in the report is sourced from this website: http://rajforest.nic.in/?q=district-forest-geo1.
Ministry of Urban Development
[19] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
3. DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE OF THE TOWN
3.1 Background
Rajasthan is a state in western India, which is known as „the land of kings‟. The state was formed on
30th March 1949; the region was until then known as Rajputana. As per Census 2011, the population
of Rajasthan was about 6.86 crores, spread over an area of 342239 sq km. The state is
administratively divided into total 33 districts, 7 divisions, 249 blocks, and 44672 villages. Rajasthani
is the widely spoken language in the state, although Hindi and English are used for official purpose.
Rajasthan is pre-eminent and the leading investment destination in India after Maharashtra and
Gujarat because of peaceful environment, better law and order situation, excellent infrastructure, and
investment friendly climate.
3.2 Population and Urbanization
As per Census 2011, the total population of the state was 6.86 crores, which accounts for 5.67% of
the total population in India. Share of urban population has increased minimally from 23.39% in 2001
to 24.89% in 2011. As compared with the national average (about 33%), the rate of urbanization in
the state is marginally low. Over the last decade, the net addition of urban population has been about
38.66 lakhs.
Of the total 33 districts, 4 districts, viz., Jaipur, Jodhpur, Kota, and Ajmer, have reported higher
percentage share of urban population of the state). Districts like Pratapgadh, Jaisalmer, Dungarpur,
and Banswara have reported almost nil urban population.
Table 3-1: Rajasthan State Profile
Particular Details
Administrative Districts (No.) 33
Total Population (2011) 68.62 million
% Urban Population 24.89%
% Rural Population 75.11%
Area (Sqkm) 342,239
Per capita GSDP 2005-06 (Rs Current price) 18,565
Per capita GSDP 2010-11 (Rs Current price) 39,967
State Capital Jaipur
Sex Ratio 926
Literacy Rate 67.06%
Population as % of total population in India (2011)
5.67%
Further, urban centres in the state is categorised into municipal corporations, municipal councils, and
municipalities. As of now, there are 6 municipal corporations, 166 municipalities, and 12 municipal
councils in the state. As per the 2001 census, there were total 216 urban centres in Rajasthan having
Ministry of Urban Development
[20] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
132.05 lakh population, 20 class I cities accounting for 57% of the urban population,. Class I cities
include Jaipur, Jodhpur UA, Kota UA, Bikaner, Ajmer UA, Udaipur, and others.
Table 3-2: Urban Structure of Rajasthan 20015
Class of Towns Population range
(Person)
No. of Towns Population (in lakhs)
Growth rate %
Class I above 100000 20 75.58 49.5
Class II 50000-100000 26 18.40 34.1
Class III 20000-50000 90 27.47 27.1
Class IV 10000-20000 59 9.14 -29.3
Class V and VI below 10000 21 1.16 -26.6
Total 216 132.05 31.17
For 2011, information regarding class of towns is not yet available, hence not presented here.
However, as per the 2011 census, cities of Jaipur, Jodhpur, and Kota come under the category of
million-plus cities.
3.2.1 Udaipur district
Udaipur district is an important administrative,
commercial, and educational centre in the state. It is
the 5th largest district in terms of total population and
holds the 8th position in terms of urban population in the
state. As per the 2011 census, population of Udaipur
district was 30.68 lakhs, which accounts for only 4% of
the total state population.
Population of the district has increased from 24.80 lakhs
in 2001 to 30.68 lakhs in 2011, registering a decadal
growth of 23.7%. Share of urban population is about
26.8%, which is lower than state average of 29%. The
district is divided into 11 tehsils and 2123 villages.
19.83% of the total district‟s population lives in urban
regions of the district. There are total 5 urban centres in
the district. Udaipur city accounts for 74.14% of the total
district‟s urban population, which indicates that Udaipur
city has a significant presence in the district.
Table 3-3 Population of growth rate – Rajasthan city, Udaipur district and Udaipur city
Administrative unit Population (2011) (in lakhs) Growth Rate (%)
Rajasthan 68.62 21.51
Udaipur District 30.68 16.54
Udaipur City 4.51 15.83
5 http://iuc2011.in/sites/default/files/presentations/Small-and-Medium-Towns-Of-Rajasthan.pdf
Figure 3-1: Udaipur district
Ministry of Urban Development
[21] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Administrative unit Population (2011) (in lakhs) Growth Rate (%)
Udaipur UA 4.75 18.00
Source: Census of India 2011
3.2.2 Udaipur city
As per the Census of India, the population of Udaipur in 2011 was 4.51 lakhs, and it is the 6th largest
city among cities having more than 1 lakh population in the state. UMC population accounts for 2.65%
of the urban population of the state and 74.14% of the urban population of the district. Area of the city
has increased from 37 sq km in 2001 to 64 sq km in 2013.
Table 3-4: Comparative Population of Udaipur City - 2011
Administrative unit
Population (lakhs) % of urban population w.r.t. total population
Urban population comparison
Total Rural Urban
Rajasthan 685.48 515.00 170.48 24.87 2.65
Udaipur District 30.68 24.59 6.08 19.82 74.14
Udaipur City 4.51 0 4.51 100 100
Source: Census 2011
3.3 Population Growth Trend
The city has witnessed considerable
population growth in the last four decades
while acting as a magnet city for the
surrounding region. The growing economy
and growing tourism sector have attracted
both urban as well as rural populace. The
city has witnessed high growth rate during
1971-1981 and 1981-1991 due to
increased economic activities.
The decadal growth rate from 2001 to
2011 was 15.83% which is near to natural
growth rate of population. It has reduced
from previous decades, due to growth of outer peripheral areas. Areas outside the core city started
developing during the last few years. Another reason for this scenario is less or stagnated work
opportunities for marginal jobs in core city area.
Table 3-5: Population Growth Trend – Udaipur City
Year Population (Municipal Corporation) Decadal Variation Decadal Growth Rate (%)
1971 161278 - -
1981 232583 71305 44.21
1991 308571 75988 32.67
2001 389438 80867 26.21
Figure 3-2: Population growth trend – Udaipur city
Ministry of Urban Development
[22] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Year Population (Municipal Corporation) Decadal Variation Decadal Growth Rate (%)
2011 451100 61662 15.83
Source: Census 2011
Categorized as villages in 2001, Bedla, Bargaon, Bhuwana, and Bicchri have become census towns
in 2011. There has been a drastic change in the decadal growth rate in these towns, as shown in the
next table.
Table 3-6: Population Growth Trend – Census Towns
Year Population (census towns) Decadal Variation Decadal Growth rate (%)
2001 24531 - -
2011 36919 12388 50.50
Source: Census 2011
Name of town Year (population) Decadal variation (No.) % decadal growth rate
2001 2011
Bedla 4478 5766 1288 28.76
Baragaon (rural) 5779 9193 3414 59.08
Bicchri 4052 4295 243 6.00
Bhuwana 10222 17665 7443 72.81
The decadal growth rate in Baragaon and Bhuwana was more than 50%. Bhuwana is located along
NH-8, while Baragaon (rural) is near SH-76.
Table 3-7: Total Population (Udaipur City + Census Towns)
Year Population (Nagar nigam) Population (census towns) Total population (Udaipur UA)
2001 389438 24531* 413969*
2011 451100 36919 488019
Source: Census 2001, 2011
Note: *In 2001, census towns were considered as villages.
Migration Status/Floating Population
Migration is movement from one place to another place during a time period. It is thus place and time
specific. It also has direction, from and to. Migration is one of the most important components of
population change.
The city is a growth pole for the region. It is evident from the in-migration statistics published under
Census 2001 that Udaipur has witnessed 34% rural-to-urban and 49% urban-to-urban migration of
the total migration.
Ministry of Urban Development
[23] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Table 3-8: Migration Status – Udaipur City6
Percentage of total migrants
1981 2001
Outside State
Within State
Others Outside State
Within State
Others
Total Migrants - -
Rural to Urban 30 34
Urban to Urban 40 49
Migration within State 24 - 2 24 74 30
Migration within District 20 16 30 31 43 26
Source: Primary Census Abstract and Migration Tables 2001; City Development Plan, Udaipur 2007
Tourist Population
Udaipur city is a well-known tourist
destination globally, which is famous for its
lakes, culture, architecture, and heritage.
Tourism sector is the largest contributor to
Udaipur‟s economy. Tourist season in
Udaipur starts by August and lasts until
March. The period between October and
February is the peak season for tourism
activities. Most of the fairs and festivals are
held during this season. There is also a large
religious tourist inflow during these months.
The number of foreign tourists has increased during the last four years, and the number of total
tourists have also increased. Foreign tourists comprise around 22-24%, while domestic tourists
comprises 76–78%. It has been observed that the tourist population has not grown significantly in last
few years. It has remained in the range of 7 to 7.5 lakh tourists.
Table 3-9: Tourist Arrival Statistics - Udaipur
Year Domestic tourists
(No.) (% of total)
Foreign tourists (No.) (% of total)
Total tourists (No.)
2000 735333 (90.50) 77174 (9.50) 812507
2001 662826 (92.11) 56760 (7.889) 719586
2002 471576 (82.32) 101303 (17.68) 572879
2003 440702 (73.74) 156928 (26.26) 597630
2004 460774 (69.89) 198556 (30.11) 659330
2005 566076 (76.51) 173804 (23.49) 739880
2006 582504 (75.60) 188026 (24.40) 770530
6 Migration data for then census 2011 is not available; hence migration data of 1991 and 2001 years is taken into consideration.
Figure 3-3: Tourists arrival in Udaipur
Ministry of Urban Development
[24] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Year Domestic tourists
(No.) (% of total)
Foreign tourists (No.) (% of total)
Total tourists (No.)
2007 578643 (78.27) 160627 (21.73) 739270
2008 572415 (75.55) 185261 (24.45) 757676
2009 547102 (76.81) 165210 (23.19) 712312
2010 582297 (77.09) 173016 (22.91) 755313
2011 575444 (76.41) 177699 (23.59) 753143
2012 588239 (75.65) 189373 (24.35) 777612
Source: Rajasthan State Government Tourism Department website
3.4 Population Density
Population density within the city has decreased from 10525 persons per sq km (2001) to 7048
persons per sq km (2011), due to inclusion of census towns.
Table 3-10: Population Density – Udaipur City
Year Population Area (sq km) Population density (persons per sq km)
2001 389438 37 10525
2011 451100 64 7048
Source: Census 2001, 2011
Density in the core city is about 7048 persons per sq. km, whereas density in census towns is about
1515 persons per sq km. Previously, these areas were rural settlements where the population would
be concentrated in one residential area (Abadhi) and the remaining area would be either agricultural
land or vacant land.
Population Density – Ward wise
The ward-wise population has been analysed to understand the spatial distribution of population. The
Municipal Corporation of Udaipur is divided into 55 wards.
Figure 3-4: Udaipur Ward Map
Ministry of Urban Development
[25] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Source: http://www.udaipurmc.org/
The population distribution and density at disaggregated level are given in the following table.
Table 3-11: Ward Density
Ward No.
Population Ward area (Ha)
Population density
(pph)
Ward No.
Population Ward
area (Ha)
Population density
(pph)
1 9112
232 39 31 12443
543 23
2 8124
448 18 32 8151
204 40
3 6178
194 32 33 10596
55 194
4 6549
117 56 34 4617
79 58
5 8341
63 132 35 8856
69 129
6 9092
115 79 36 6182
270 23
Ministry of Urban Development
[26] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
7 10881
53 204 37 17182
213 81
8 12990
192 68 38 6957
41 169
9 6774
496 14 39 7176
136 53
10 6538
15 439 40 8625
133 65
11 6488
43 150 41 7278
52 141
12 6357
7 882 42 6837
37 183
13 5510
12 475 43 5069
10 497
14 6804
100 68 44 5620
11 504
15 7327
91 80 45 6105
20 301
16 12964
172 75 46 6107
12 519
17 10941
110 99 47 6640
13 520
18 8864
108 82 48 4963
8 651
19 12124
193 63 49 5895
10 601
20 13829
167 83 50 6066
105 58
21 9488
64 149 51 6779
57 120
22 9589
134 72 52 7929
108 73
23 13379
140 96 53 6752
44 152
24 7671
38 201 54 9428
93 102
25 3314
20 164 55 6928
154 45
26 10874
139 78
27 6468
46 142
28 8533
65 131
29 5829
29 198
30 10987
122 90
As seen from the table above there is large variation in population distribution among 55 wards.
Population density is high in ward no. 12, 48, 49, and 10.
Ministry of Urban Development
[27] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
3.5 Average Household Size
In UMC, the number of households has increased from 78557 in 2001 to 94704 in 2011, recording a
decadal growth of 21%. However, almost negligible change is noted in household size, i.e., 4.96 in
2001 to 4.76 in 2011. The household size in the district and state is larger than that in the city;
however, there has been an overall decrease in household size from 2001 to 2011 at all levels.
Table 3-12: Household Size
Year State District City
2001 6.06 5.19 4.96
2011 5.45 4.92 4.76
Source: Census 2001, 2011
3.6 Literacy Rate
According to the 2011 census, literacy rate if the city is 80%, while in the census towns, it accounted
for 75%. Male literates accounted for 84%, while female literates accounted for 76% in 2011. As
compared to 2001, the overall literacy rate has increased with an overall Improvement in male and
female literacy rate.
Table 3-13: Literacy Rate – Udaipur City
Year Male literacy rate (male literates/ total male
population)
Female literacy rate (female literates/ total female
population)
Total literacy rate
2001 83 72 77
2011 84 76 80
Source: Census 2001, 2011
The literacy rate is compared with that of the district and state to analyse the trends in the city.
Table 3-14: Literacy Rate Comparison
Year Udaipur city Udaipur district State
2001 87 59 60
2011 80 61 66
According to the census 2011, UMC‟s literacy rate is higher than the district (61%) and state (66%)
literacy rates. The reason could be availability of adequate educational facilities within the city.
Further, efforts have been made by the district education department to improve public education
facilities in the city. During last few years, there has been a substantial increase in private educational
institutes in and around the city, which would have affected the literacy rate.
The district literacy rate has also increased from 59% in 2001 to 61% in 2011, and the state literacy
rate increased from 60% to 66% in the same period.
Ministry of Urban Development
[28] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
3.7 Sex Ratio
Sex ratio has significantly improved over the decades in UMC, from 844 in 1981 to 925 in 2011. This
indicates a healthy gender composition in the city.
Table 3-15: Sex Ratio
Year Udaipur city Udaipur district State
1981 844 - -
1991 845 - -
2001 907 971 922
2011 925 958 928
Source: Census
The district sex ratio decreased from 971 to 958 during the decade 2001-11. At the same time, the
sex ratio of the state has increased from 922 to 928. It is to be noted that the sex ratio of the district is
higher than the city and state average.
3.8 Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe Population
The city has a sizeable scheduled caste (SC) and scheduled tribe (ST) population. As per Census
2011, SC population (0.47 lakhs) and ST population (0.22 lakhs) accounted for 10% and 5% of the
total population, respectively. SC population has increased from 0.36 lakhs in 2001 to 0.47 lakhs in
2011, registering a decadal growth of 28%. ST population has increased from 0.18 lakhs in 2001 to
0.22 lakhs in 2011, registering a decadal growth of 22%.
Table 3-16: SC and ST Population – Udaipur City*
Category 2001 2011 Decadal Growth (%)
SC 36879 47308 28
ST 18553 22633 22
Source: Census 2001, 2011
*Note: Only Udaipur city’s population is taken into consideration.
SC and ST population in census towns has increased at a decadal growth rate of 68% and 25%
respectively.
Category 2001 2011 Decadal Growth (%)
SC 1656 2788 68
ST 4394 5505 25
Further, SC and ST population levels are compared with that of the district and state to understand
their share in total population. According to Census 2011, in Udaipur district, SC population accounts
for 6% and ST accounts for 50% of the total district population.
Ministry of Urban Development
[29] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Table 3-17: Share of SC and ST Population – District and State Level
Unit Total population (lakhs) % of SC population % of ST population
UMC 4.511 10 5
Udaipur district 30.68 6 50
Rajasthan state 685.48 19 14
Source: Census 2011
As far as the state is concerned, SC population accounts for 19% and ST population accounts for
14% of the total state population. The share of ST population in the district is high as compared to the
city and state.
3.9 Population Projections
Population projections play a vital role in the assessment of future needs of the city. Projected
population would assist in estimating the demand for water supply, sewerage, solid waste
management, and social infrastructure facilities, such as schools, hospitals, and parks, in the ensuing
years. Projection is carried out for the next 30 years using various methods. Following sections
describe the methodology adopted for population projections.
3.9.1 Methodology adopted for estimation of population
In order to estimate the population for the next 30 years, initially, the population projections provided
in the 1st
generation CDP, water supply project, and draft Master Plan 2031, were reviewed. In the 1st
generation CDP, population projections were made based on the population growth trends and
migration pattern for the city. In draft Revised Master Plan for 2031, population projections were also
made based on past growth trends. The review indicates that projected population in 1st generation
CDP and draft master plan project report were almost near.
Table 3-18: Projected Population in Different Documents
Year 1st
generation CDP Draft Master Plan 2031 Water supply project DPR
2021 8.36 7.59 -
2031 10.8 10.02 -
2041 - - 11.02
Note: Population in lakhs
The appropriate method for population projection has been adopted to estimate the population for the
years, i.e., 2021, 2031 and 2041. Based on this, infrastructure requirement in water supply, sewerage
and sanitation, solid waste management, storm water drainage, traffic and transportation, and other
amenities would be forecasted. Further, based on the population trends during the past decades,
CRIS has projected the population for the study area using the following methods:
Arithmetic;
Geometric;
Incremental increase;
Exponential;
Power;
Ministry of Urban Development
[30] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Log;
2nd order polynomial; and
3rd order polynomial
Basic Assumptions Made for Population Projection
While estimating the population for the next three decades, following factors were considered, which
would influence city‟s future growth:
Past growth trends of population and its patterns
Growth of various economic activities such as trade and commerce, industrial development,
agriculture and tourism related activities
Urbanization of surrounding villages
Table 3-19: Population Projections by Various Methods for 2nd
Generation CDP
Year Census
Population
Projected Population
2nd Order Polynomial
3rd Order Polynomial
Arithmetic Increase method
Incremental Increase method
Geometrical Progression
method
2011 488019 - - - - -
2021 588,794 607,034 569704 594,350 680,653
2031 699,543 754,268 651390 725,325 949,325
2041 890,949 936,053 733075 880,946 1,324,049
Year Census
Population
Projected Population
Exponential Method Power Method Log Method
2011 488019 - - -
2021 - 667,079 517,590 477,504
2031 - 876,475 574,578 507,350
2041 - 1,151,600 628,991 533,204
Source: CRIS analysis
It can be observed from the table above that population projected through power, exponential, log,
and geometrical methods are on the higher side. The 3rd order polynomial method projects the
population on a higher side as compared to other methods. It is estimated that the population would
increase to 13.24 lakhs by the end of 2041, as per geometrical progression method. Using the
incremental increase method, it is expected to reach up to 8.80 lakhs by 2041.
Tourist Population Projections
Tourist population projection is carried out, considering the fact that tourism sector plays an important
role in Udaipur‟s economic development. Tourists visiting Udaipur also put pressure on the existing
infrastructure and basic services; hence, for the 2nd
generation CDP, tourist population is projected.
Ministry of Urban Development
[31] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Table 3-20 Projections for tourist population
Year Domestic tourists
(No.) (% of total)
Foreign tourists (No.) (% of total)
Total tourists (No.)
Annual growth rate (%)
2000 735333 (90.50) 77174 (9.50) 812507 -
2001 662826 (92.11) 56760 (7.889) 719586 -11.44
2002 471576 (82.32) 101303 (17.68) 572879 -20.39
2003 440702 (73.74) 156928 (26.26) 597630 4.32
2004 460774 (69.89) 198556 (30.11) 659330 10.32
2005 566076 (76.51) 173804 (23.49) 739880 12.22
2006 582504 (75.60) 188026 (24.40) 770530 4.14
2007 578643 (78.27) 160627 (21.73) 739270 -4.06
2008 572415 (75.55) 185261 (24.45) 757676 2.49
2009 547102 (76.81) 165210 (23.19) 712312 -5.99
2010 582297 (77.09) 173016 (22.91) 755313 6.04
2011 575444 (76.41) 177699 (23.59) 753143 -0.29
2012 588239 (75.65) 189373 (24.35) 777612 3.25
Source: UMC
As seen in the table above, there is a wide fluctuation in annual tourist arrival in Udaipur from 2000 to
2012. Hence, it is not feasible to project future tourist population based on this trend and on decadal
basis. The average annual tourist arrival in Udaipur is 720589 (based on data), and the average
annual growth in tourist arrival is 6% (considering only positive growth). Hence, assuming an annual
increase of 13% for 2021, 15% for 2031, and 20% for 2041 based on the past trends, the estimated
tourist arrival in Udaipur will be as given below.
Table 3-21: Projected Tourist Population
Year Assumed annual increase (%) Projected tourist population
2021 13 812507
2031 15 828677
2041 20 864707
Source: CRIS analysis
3.9.2 Summary of Population Projection through various methods
The population projected through various methods has been compared with population projections
estimated provided in the 1st generation CDP, detail project report for water supply project, and draft
Master Plan 2031.
Based on the above comparison, population growth trends during past four decades, and population
forecast from various methods, it is observed that the population forecast arrived at using
incremental increase method is most appropriate. As per the incremental increase method,
population of the Udaipur would increase to 7.25 and 8.80 lakhs in 2031 and 2041, respectively.
Ministry of Urban Development
[32] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Further, population projection methods were presented during 1st city-level stakeholders‟ workshop.
The results of all the population projection methods were discussed with UMC officials.
3.10 Key Issues
Lower growth rate of Udaipur city as compared to district‟s and state‟s growth rate. Bikaner,
Badmer, Jodhpur are the other few rapidly growing districts of Rajasthan.
City holds 6th position in terms of urban population (among cities having more than 1 lakh
population).
Lower household size as compared to the district and state
Out-migration of male population in search of job due to less availability of work opportunities
Number of tourist arrival in Udaipur has increased however; growth rate has remained
stagnant during last few years. This may be due to increasing competition among other cities
of the state such as Jodhpur, Jesalmer etc.
Ministry of Urban Development
[33] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
4. ECONOMIC PROFILE OF THE CITY
4.1 Background
This chapter presents a detailed assessment of the economic profile of Udaipur covering aspects
such as key economic drivers of the city, spatial distribution of economic activity, industrial profile,
workforce participation rate, workers‟ classification, state-level economic policies which impact the
city‟s economy, key economic indicators with reference to state and district, and a brief on informal
sector activity in the city etc. The sector-wise workforce projections have been carried out for future
years. Further, key issues with respect to the city‟s economic base have been detailed out at the end
of the chapter.
Udaipur city has a diversified
economic base. The four pillars of
the city‟s economy are tourism,
education, administration and trade,
and commerce and industrial
sectors.
Industrial development in Udaipur
started way back in the 1960s when
only 15 units were registered.
These units were largely associated
with mineral ores‟ processing and
manufacturing, chemicals,
pharmaceuticals, wooden toys, and
food products. The most important
milestone in the development of mineral-based industries was the formation of Rajasthan State Mines
and Minerals Corporation. After 1955, various industries established themselves outside the city wall
and near the railway station. Most of these were associated with metals, automobiles, soap stone
grinding, and repair workshops.
It is a headquarters of Udaipur Division comprising five districts of division. The city is host to several
state and regional public offices. These include the offices of the Director of Mines and Geology,
Commissioner of Excise, Commissioner of Tribal Area Development, Hindustan Zinc Limited, and
Rajasthan State Mines and Mineral Corporation Limited. Other district-level offices include the
Collectorate, Public Works Department, Public Health and Engineering Department, and Office of
Senior Town Planner.
Udaipur serves as the market center for smaller towns of the region. The city has wholesale markets
for various commodities ranging from food grains to building materials. Krishi Upaj Mandi is a
centralized whole-sale market for grains. Moreover, Udaipur is also an educational hub with 3
universities, 6 colleges and more than 160 high schools.
4.2 Overview of Economic Situation of the State and the Town
Rajasthan, the largest (area-wise) state in India, is located in the north-western part of the
subcontinent. It is surrounded on the north and north-east by the states of Punjab, Haryana and Uttar
Ministry of Urban Development
[34] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Pradesh; on the east and south-east by the states of Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh; and on the
south-west by the state of Gujarat.
4.2.1 Rajasthan’s Economic Profile
The economy of the state is mainly agricultural and pastoral. Wheat and barley are cultivated over
large areas, as are pulses, sugarcane and oil seeds. Cotton and tobacco are the state‟s main cash
crops. Rajasthan is among the largest producer of edible oils in India and the second-largest producer
of oil seeds. There are mainly two crop seasons. Water for irrigation comes from wells and tanks.
Rajasthan is also the biggest wool-producing state in India and the main opium producer and
consumer. It is pre-eminent in quarrying and mining in India. The state is the second-largest source of
cement. Tourism and handicrafts industry are also important to the state‟s economy. The main
industries are mineral-based, agriculture-based and textiles. Rajasthan is the sole producer of lead
concentrate, zinc concentrate, gypsum, calcite, selenite and wollastonite as well as the leading
producer of silver, gold, copper, marble, sandstone, rock phosphate, lignite, etc. It accounted for 9.6%
of the total value of minerals produced in 2012-13.
The state‟s economy is analyzed at a current price
based on available data. As per the Economic
Review 2012-13 report of the state, GSDP has
increased over the years. However, GSDP‟s growth
rate declined in 2011-12 and 2012-13 both at current
and constant prices in comparison to previous years.
GSDP is the total monetary value of all the final
goods and services produced by an economy during
a given period of time accounted without duplication.
As seen in figure 4-2, the service sector‟s contribution
to GSDP is higher than agriculture and the industrial
sector. Contribution from industry is lower than
agriculture, which indicates low development of
industrial activities in the state.
Figure 4-2: Sectoral contribution of GSDP (current price)
Source: Economic review 2012-13, Rajasthan State
Figure 4-1: GSDP – Rajasthan State
Ministry of Urban Development
[35] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
4.2.2 Gross District Domestic Product (GDDP)
Average gross district domestic product of the state at current price in 2009-10 is Rs.805,530 lakhs.
The economy of Udaipur, Jaipur, and Jodhpur is largely driven by the tourism sector. The economy of
other districts is largely dependent on agriculture activities, and educational, service and tourism
sectors. As shown in the accompanying figure, Udaipur stands at the 6th position in GDP contribution.
Figure 4-3: District-wise GDP contribution
Source: Economic review 2012-13, Rajasthan State
4.2.3 Per Capita Income
Per capita income of the state and district has been reviewed
from the period 2012-13. It is derived by dividing the net
state domestic product by the total population of the state. As
per advance estimates, per capita income for the year 2012-
13 at current prices is estimated at Rs.60,552. This has
registered an increase of 12.87 percent over the previous
year.
4.2.4 Industrial Policies and Incentives
Rajasthan has been ranked 12th in India (2010) on the basis of its macro-economy, investment
environment, infrastructure, agriculture, primary education and consumer market. The share of
Rajasthan in industrial investments as a percentage to India‟s total industrial investment has been
steady; it has been increased from 1.26 percent in 2006 to 1.7 percent in 20107.
Rajasthan enjoys a strategic geographical position – it is situated between the northern and
western growth hubs in the country and 40 percent of the Delhi-Mumbai Industrial Corridor runs
through it. The state has been successful in attracting a large number of multinationals as well as
domestic companies to set up operations in the state. Investors have set up ventures in fields as
diverse as information technology, electronics, textiles, chemicals, agro-processing, cement, granite,
and engineering. As in 2010, there are 322 industrial areas. The state is one of the favored
7 http://www.phdcci.in/admin/userfiles/file/Research-Bureau/Rajasthan-state-profile.pdf
Ministry of Urban Development
[36] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
destinations for the cement industry, being endowed with limestone which acts as the base for
cement production and also on account of the concessions provided by the state to the industry. The
state boasts of tremendous bio-diversity which is rarely to be found in other states. It has the potential
to create immense industrial activity in the field of biotechnology and modern biotech products like
recombinant DNA products and Bio-Informatics. Construction of four state-of-the-art biotech parks is
under consideration.
The state has identified immediate and long-term actions necessary for economic growth. It has
initiated facilitation steps aimed at streamlining the approval processes, promotion of exports, and
promotion of knowledge-intensive industries and better quality infrastructure. The key measures
aimed at are:
Improving Business Climate -- Focus on reducing the cost of delays and doing business
Developing High-Quality Infrastructure -- Enhancing the competitiveness of enterprises by
providing high-quality infrastructure
Enhancing Skill Levels and Employability -- Setting up different types of training institutes in
partnership with the private sector
Ensuring easy availability of land for projects -- Simplification of the process of land use
change, conversion of land and approvals of building plants
Encouraging Micro Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME) -- The state facilitates cluster-
based development of MSMEs to make the produce competitive for the world market.
Promotion of thrust areas -- Special emphasis to be given to the promotion of mining and
mineral processing, IT, tourism, handicraft, cottage and agro-based industries
Initiatives on improving business and business climate8
Establishment of Economic Policy & Reforms Council
Establishment of Board for Infrastructure Development and Investment
Strengthening and deepening of electricity sector reforms
Approval of Special Economic Zone policy
Establishment of a venture capital fund for promoting technology and knowledge-intensive
businesses
Establishment of an investment commissioner office in New Delhi, to facilitate better interface
with industry and business
The Rajasthan Industrial and Investment Promotion Policy 2010 and the Rajasthan Investment
Promotion Scheme 2010 have been introduced in the state to achieve global competitiveness,
accelerate the overall pace of industrial growth, increase employment opportunities, ensure
sustainable development, and strengthen small, medium and large-scale industries. The scheme
offers a package of financial incentives, subsidies and exemptions to the enterprises in the state,
which has greatly increased the attractiveness of the state as an investment destination.
8 http://pppinindia.com/state-policy-rajasthan.php
Ministry of Urban Development
[37] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Medium-Scale and Large-Scale Industries
In all, there are 89 medium-scale industries in the state, as on 31st March 2013, employing 10,508
persons. The types of industries present are textile, food, and plastic. As on 31st March 2013, there
are 306 large-scale industrial running units, employing around 161,234 persons. The major categories
of industries include textile, chemical, cement, food, and iron and steel9.
Micro Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME)
The state has a scheme for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Development Assistance Scheme,
200810
. It has the following characteristics:
Exemption from entry tax on inputs (raw materials, processing materials, and packaging
materials except fuels)
Reduction of CST to 0.25 percent only
Exemption of 75 percent electricity duty for units located in rural areas
30 percent of the plots will be reserved for micro, medium and small enterprises in new
industrial areas, to be developed by Rajasthan State Industrial Development and Investment
Corporation (RIICO).
The state government will encourage private sector investment for setting up industrial parks
and clusters by providing level playing field.
The state government will suitably augment „Critical Infrastructure Fund‟ and 50 percent of
this fund will be earmarked for infrastructural needs of the micro and small enterprises‟
clusters such as providing road connectivity, power lines and water availability.
There are in all 297,403 MSME industrial working units in the state, with an investment of Rs. 7,650
crore and employing around 12 lakh employees.
Agriculture
Agriculture and allied sectors play an important role in the state‟s economy. Agriculture in Rajasthan is
primarily rain-fed. The period of monsoon is short. Due to unstable weather conditions, farmers have
to depend on both rain-fed and ground water agriculture. During 2012-13, the following major
programmes were initiated by the department:
12 new soil-testing labs with the creation of micro-nutrient testing facilities in 32 labs
Ensuring fodder availability
Providing nutritional security through intensive millet promotion
Promoting farm mechanization
Weather-based crop insurance scheme is being implemented in the state for all major rabi
and kharif crops.
Special campaigns are being organized before each crop season at the gram panchayat level
to disseminate technical knowhow and ensure timely availability of agriculture inputs at the
door step of farmers.
9 http://rajind.rajasthan.gov.in/Medium_Scale_Ind_2012-13.pdf
10 http://www.rajcluster.com/pdf/msmepolicy.pdf
Ministry of Urban Development
[38] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Increasing the seed replacement rate and productivity of maize in tribal areas
A World Bank-funded project, namely „Rajasthan Agriculture Competitiveness Project,‟ has
been launched during 2012-13. This project is mainly emphasizing the judicious use of
irrigation water including ground and surface water and efficient use of water in rain-fed
areas.
Promotion of organic farming incentives for cultivators
4.2.5 Udaipur District’s Economic Profile
Udaipur is known for its picturesque
surroundings and its royal past. The district
is rich in mineral resources as a large
variety of important minerals are found in
the district. The secondary and tertiary
sectors are prominent in the district.
Industries, agriculture activities, and service
sectors are the key contributors to the
district‟s economy. Udaipur accounts for 9
percent of the state‟s industrial output while
Jaipur is at the top with a share of 39
percent. The Gross District Domestic
Product of Udaipur has increased from Rs.6627.59 crores in 2004-5 to Rs. 11,936.4 crores in 2009-
2010, at the current price. Per capita income of Udaipur district was Rs.17,925 in 2004-05 which is
higher than the state average in the same year. 11
Trade, hotels, and restaurants followed by the manufacturing sector are the largest contributors to
GDDP (at current price for 2000-01). Latest information for the same was not available and hence has
not been presented here.
Minerals and Industries
Important metals found in the district are copper ore, lead, zinc and silver. Among industrial minerals,
rock, phosphate, asbestos, calcite, lime stone, barites, emerald and marble are important. The total
quantity of minerals produced in the district is around 30 MT, as in 2010-11. There are eight industrial
areas in the district (31st March 2012) with 4,021 industrial units. Of these, registered medium and
large units are 29. Details of the same are given in the table below.
Table 4-1: Details of existing micro, small and artisan units – Udaipur12
Sr. No. Industrial categories No. of units
1 Agro-based 174
2 Beverage and tobacco-based industry 2
3 Textile other than handloom industry 680
11
Economic review 2012-13, Rajasthan State 12
http://dcmsme.gov.in/dips/DIPR_Udaipur.pdf
Figure 4-4: Udaipur District – GDDP (current price)
Ministry of Urban Development
[39] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Sr. No. Industrial categories No. of units
4 Handloom 31
5 Wooden-based 317
6 Paper-based 55
7 Rubber plastic, petroleum and chemical-based 230
8 Leather-based 115
9 Mineral-based 634
10 Basic metal and non-ferrous metal-based 132
11 Machinery and machine tools 174
12 Electrical appliances industries 46
13 Transport, equipment and parts 3
14 Service and repairing 1016
15 Miscellaneous manufacturing industry 412
Total 4021
Source: http://dcmsme.gov.in/dips/DIPR_Udaipur.pdf
As seen in the table above, service and repairing, textile other than handloom industry and mineral-
based industry form the larger number of industries in the district. Sixteen large-scale and 14 large
and medium-scale industries operate in the district. There are four major clusters in the district, viz.,
the terracotta cluster, Marble cutting and Polishing, Imitation jewelry, and white metal wooden
furniture.
Of the total geographical area of the district, 29 percent of forest area to reporting area, 31 percent of
net irrigated area to net area sown and 23 percent of gross irrigated area to gross area sown is there
as per 2011 census. Rice, maize, small millet, urad, arhar, and sugarcane are some of the crops
grown in the district.
4.2.6 Udaipur City
The city can be described as a multi-functional city, as of today, though it was initially regarded as an
important tourist, culture, and heritage destination. Over a period of time, the city has grown across
various economic sectors. The tertiary / service sector has contributed more than 90 percent of the
total workforce of the city. The major tertiary sector activities
are trade, commerce, services, health and education. The
secondary sector is the next major contributor; major industrial
clusters and industries are located along Chittoragadh Road.
Service sector
The city being the district headquarter houses offices such as
those of the Collectorate, taluka and revenue office, block
development office, magistrate courts and other government
and semi-government offices.
Ministry of Urban Development
[40] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Trade and Commerce
Udaipur serves as a market center for smaller towns of the region. The city has wholesale markets for
various commodities ranging from food grains to building materials. Krishi Upaj Mandi is a centralized
wholesale market for grains. The major trade areas are around Chetak Circle, Jagdish Temple Street,
Hathi Pole, Bada Bazaar, and Lake Palace Road. UIT has also planned to develop a large sub-city
center. This is essential to meet the growing need for a formal and organized commercial space in the
heart of the city and decentralization of commercial activities from the walled city.
Health and Education sector
Further, there are several educational and health institutions in the city operated either by the
government or the private sector. The majority of these institutions are located along Chittorgadh
Road and in outer city growth areas.
Tourism sector
With its picturesque landscape, lakes, and historic significance,
Udaipur is a major destination for most tourists visiting
Rajasthan. Udaipur abounds in places of tourist interest like
manmade lakes Pichola, Fatehsagar, City Palace, Lake Palace,
Jag Mandir, Sajjangarh, and Shilp gram. Udaipur receives the
fourth-largest number of tourists in Rajasthan following Mount
Abu, Jaipur and Pushkar.
Industrial areas
The major industrial areas in and around Udaipur are Gudli, and Madari. Others include the Mewar IT
park, Pratap nagar, and Bhamashah kaladwas. Gudli has been developed by Rajasthan State
Industrial Development and Investment Corporation Ltd. It is located at a distance of 15 km from the
core city area of Udaipur, which was set up in 1991. The top industries in Udaipur are M/s. Murli wala
Agrotech, M/s. Econ Industries, M/s. Vakratunda Pharma, M/s. Friends Engg. and M/s. Ranka
Organics.
4.3 Industrial and Commercial Activities
Industrial development in Udaipur started way back in the 1960s wherein only 15 units were
registered. These units were largely associated with mineral ores processing and manufacturing,
chemicals, pharmaceuticals, wooden toys, and food products. The most important milestone in the
development of mineral-based industries was the formation of the Rajasthan State Mines and
Minerals Corporation. After 1955, various industries established themselves outside the city wall and
near the railway station. Most of these were associated with metals, automobiles, soap stone grinding
and repair workshops.
There are in all 18,127 industrial units in eight industrial areas in Udaipur District (31st March 2013); of
these, 40 are registered medium and large units. Even though the registered small-scale industries‟
data is not available, it was estimated that in all, 27,423 workers were employed in these industries.
These micro and small-scale industries were mostly engaged in agro, textile other than handloom,
mineral, service & repairing, and wooden-based industries. The details of the small-scale industry,
which is one of the largest contributors to employment in Udaipur District and Udaipur town, are given
below.
Ministry of Urban Development
[41] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Table 4-2: List of existing micro and macro-enterprises – Udaipur city
Sr. No. Category of industries No. of units Employment (nos.)
1 Agro-based industry 1602 6300
2 Beverages and Tobacco-based industry 2 43
3 Textile other than handloom industry 3055 6471
4 Handloom 45 351
5 Wooden 2605 6532
6 Paper 82 963
7 Rubber, Plastic, Petroleum, and Chemical-based 769 8945
8 Leather 2287 4563
9 Mineral 2402 20627
10 Basic Metal and Non-ferrous metal 1267 6254
11 Machinery and machine tools 221 2475
12 Electrical appliances 55 1889
13 Transport and Equipment and parts 4 42
14 Service and repairing 3255 13927
15 Miscellaneous manufacturing industry 476 1997
Total 18127 81379
Source: http://udaipur.nic.in/DIC/Brief%20Industrial%20Profile%20of%20Udaipur.pdf
Udaipur Phosphates and Fertilizers, Secure Meters, Hindustan Zinc limited and Rajasthan Petro
Synthetic are some of the major industrial units located in these industrial areas near Udaipur city.
There are around 14,678 commercial establishments in the city as in 2011 (covering shops and
workshops). After 1955, various industries established themselves outside the city wall and near the
railway station along Udai Sagar Road. Most of these were associated with metals, automobiles,
soapstone grinding and repair workshops.
4.3.1 Market Yard
Krishi Upaj Mandi is a regulated market, which was established in 2005. It is located at a distance of 2
km from Udaipur railway station. Facilities and services available in the market include storage,
canteen, water and sanitation, post office, banks, auction platform, parking, and rest houses.
4.3.2 Informal Commercial Activity
Informal / street-vending activities are mainly located along the bus stand, railway station, and on
major roads. UMC is planning to give permits to street vendors as well as to hawkers and camel and
horse-riders, operating in various tourist and public places.
Ministry of Urban Development
[42] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
4.4 Workforce Participation Rate (WFPR)
Udaipur being the district headquarters, there are a number of employment opportunities for people.
As per 2011 Census, workforce participation is 34 percent at the city level, which is equal to the
district‟s urban WFPR.
Table 4-3: Work force Participation Rate – Udaipur city
Year Work Force Participation Rate
1981 28.83
1991 29.71
2001 32.12
2011 34
Source: Census of India
Of the total WFPR, male workforce participation rate is 81 percent while female workforce
participation rate is only 19 percent. A large percentage of female workers fall into other workers‟
category. As compared to 2001, female workforce participation rate has increased in 2011 (i.e., it is
16 percent in 2001) while male workforce participation rate has decreased.
4.5 Workers’ Classification
As per census definition, workers are classified into mainly two categories, main workers and marginal
workers. Main workers are those workers those had worked for the major part of the reference period,
i.e., six months or more. Marginal workers are those workers those had not worked for the major part
of the reference period, i.e., less than six months. The main workers account for 93.90 percent of the
total workforce and marginal workers for only 6.10 percent while non-workers constitute 65.59 percent
of the total population. The percentage of non-workers has decreased in 2011 from 68 percent in
2001.
Table 4-4: Main and Marginal Workers
Description 2001 2011 Udaipur district 2011 (urban)
WFPR 32 34 34
Main 114980 145750 193355
Percentage % 93.06 93.90 92.21
Marginal 8580 9464 16325
Percentage % 6.94 6.10 7.79
Total workers 123560 155214 209680
Source: Census 2011
Workers have been classified into those engaged in the primary, secondary and tertiary sectors.
Primary sector workers comprise agriculture and cultivation laborers. The secondary sector comprises
manufacturing and household industries. The tertiary sector comprises workers involved in the service
sector, trade and commerce, and informal business. On the basis of industrial category of workers,
the occupational pattern of workers is as mentioned below.
Ministry of Urban Development
[43] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Table 4-5: Occupational Pattern
Details Udaipur city Udaipur district (urban)
Percentage of total workers
(2001)
Percentage of total workers
(2011)
Percentage of total workers (2001)
Percentage of total workers (2011)
Cultivators 0.58 0.55 2.50 2.90
Agriculture laborers 0.46 0.91 1.16 2.21
Household workers 5.65 5.60 6.12 5.41
Others 93.31 92.94 90.21 89.48
Total workers 100 100 100 100
Source: Census 2011
The occupational pattern of the city as per the 2011 Census reveals that about 93 percent of the total
number of workers is engaged in other economic activities (tertiary, service sector). This indicates
diversification of workforce from agriculture to non-agriculture activities. Not much variation is
observed in the occupational pattern of Udaipur city from 2001 to 2011. In comparison to the city, in
district (urban) cultivators, agriculture laborers and household workers are more. This shows the
continued prevalence of agriculture and related activities in other urban areas.
4.6 Horticulture
The Rajasthan state has a National Horticulture Mission in 2005. The horticulture sector has
contributed significantly to GDP in agriculture. The objectives of the National Horticulture Mission are
to double horticulture production (300 million ton by 2011-12). The mission would adopt an end-to-end
approach covering production, post-harvest management, and processing and marketing. It would
assure appropriate returns to producers, promote research and development of technologies for
production, ensure post-harvest management and processing in potential belts/clusters, enhance
coverage and productivity in potential belts, adopt a coordinated approach, and promote partnership,
convergence and synergy among R&D processing and marketing agencies in the public as well as
the private sectors.
Varied agro-climatic conditions favour growing of large numbers of horticulture crops in the state. The
majorly-grown horticulture crops include fruits, spices, medicinal and aromatic plants, vegetables and
flowers.
4.7 Key finding and issues
Regional market center for surrounding region
Trade, commerce, service sector, tourism, industries, health, education are key and potential
economic drivers
WFPR is equal to that of the district (urban) and higher than the state average
Share of agriculture sector has declined mainly due to lack of irrigation water availability.
Women workers account for merely 19 percent of the total workforce.
There is a need for promotion of agro-based and non-polluting industries, to strengthen the
economic base of the city.
Ministry of Urban Development
[44] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Economic activity majorly relies on the tourism-related sector which is directly dependent on
the city‟s heritage, culture and natural ecosystem. Competition is arising from other tourists
centers in the state; this would be a threat for the city‟s growth and economic base.
Improving the city‟s linkages and providing basic infrastructure facilities will help in boosting
up industrial and economic activities.
Concentration of major commercial activities in the city center, causing congestion problems
Depleting resources like marble and other minerals due to lack of resource management and
overuse
Competing investment in tourism infrastructure in other cities of Rajasthan
Newly merged areas lack infrastructure facilities, which would hamper the development of
economic activities in these region
Ministry of Urban Development
[45] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
5. PHYSICAL PLANNING AND GROWTH
MANAGEMENT
5.1 Background
The Urban Improvement Trust (UIT) and UMC are responsible for urban planning functions within
Udaipur city. UIT was established by the Government in 1960 to achieve its objectives under the
Rajasthan Urban Improvement Act 1959. This trust is responsible for the overall development of
Udaipur and also for planning the future of the city.
The first master plan for the city was prepared in 1997 for the year 2022. The projected population
was 8.30 lakh for 2022 and the plan was prepared for an area of 351 sq. km, covering 62 villages.
Recently, the Udaipur Draft Master Plan for 2031 was prepared and notified, which is open to
comments and suggestions. It has projected a population of 10.2 lakh and planning area of 456 sq.
km, covering 121 villages. The existing and proposed land use analysis have been carried out on the
basis of data available.
5.2 Constitutes of Planning Area
In 1946 area of Udaipur Municipality was 17 sq.km. Till March 2013, the UMC area was 37 sq. km. In
March, the city area has been extended to 64 sqkm . It now covers the four surrounding census towns
– Bedla, Baragaon (rural), Bicchri, and Bhuwana.
While the area included in the Draft Master Plan of 2031 is the core city area, Ashoknagar, Bhuwana,
Hiranmagari, Goverdhan Villas, Ambamata, Highway control, Gudli–Dabok growth center (near the
airport, in the eastern direction), Umrada growth center (to the south of Udaipur city) and fringe area.
These areas are divided into nine zones for planning purpose.
5.3 Projected Population under Master Plan
As per the Draft Master Plan prepared in 2011, Udaipur city has reported a growth rate of 32.67
percent in 1991, followed by 26.18 percent in 2001 and 47.70 percent in 2011 (includes the city as
well as villages).
Further, the master plan has considered natural growth patterns as well as tourism and other
developmental activities to project the population for 2031. As per the projected population in the
master plan, the population would increase to 10.02 lakhs by the end of 2031. The population for
2021 is projected as 7.59 lakhs.
Table 5-1: Projected population under Draft Master Plan and 1st
-generation City Development Plan
Year Population (as per draft Master Plan, 2031)
Population (as per 1st
generation CDP) (includes UMC + Peripheral villages)
2001 389317 500202
Ministry of Urban Development
[46] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Year Population (as per draft Master Plan, 2031)
Population (as per 1st
generation CDP) (includes UMC + Peripheral villages)
2011 575000 646575
2021 759000 835781
2031 1002000 1080354
Note: Except for 2001, for rest of the years population is projected
Source: Draft Master Plan Report for 2031, UIT, 1st generation CDP Udaipur
5.4 Spatial Growth Trends
The spatial growth pattern examined from the satellite imagery shows
the urban sprawl along the Airport Road (i.e. the Chittorgadh Road) and
on NH-8 towards Ahmedabad with varying levels of development
intensity. The total urbanized area is 26,925 acres, of which 53.7
percent is developed area. Rest of the land is under mountains, lakes,
agriculture, and forests or vacant land. In the old city area, due to high
density, the residential area accounts for 55.56 percent of the
developed area. The area under industrial use is 10.7 percent while the
area under recreation and entertainment is 14.3 percent. The area
under public and semi-public use is 14.3 percent. The area under
commercial use is only 4.6 percent while the area under institution is
1.5 percent. The old city was established neighboring Pichola lake on
east. Fatehsagar lake is located to the northwest of the old city area.
The railway line passes from the east of the old city area.
Development Trend: The city‟s growth direction is towards the east, north-east and south-east. The
city did not grow to the west and north-west due to the presence of the Aravalli hills. From the year
1946, the municipal area has increased from 17 sq. km to the existing 64 sq. km. In the pre-
Independence period, the majority of the land was under agriculture. But with changing time, land
usage has shifted towards residential use, which now occupies almost half the area of the city. With
increased needs, the area under transportation and commercial spaces has also increased. The main
commercial mode of Udaipur has been developed immediately next to the old city area to its east, and
extends up to the railway station. The city has already developed to a great extent in areas outside its
municipal jurisdiction. The core city area/ old city area is narrow, highly dense and congested. These
areas are characterised by narrow lanes, low-rise structures, and low infrastructure services.
Udaipur city has largely developed in the eastern and southern directions. Several large institutions
are located northeast of the old city area. The important regional linkages NH-8 and NH-76 have
triggered growth in the north, south, and west direction. Development has happened along the bypass
road (Udaipur–Pindwada), which was proposed in the master plan of 2022.
The northeast part of Udaipur has plain area, so secondary and tertiary activities are increasing in this
direction. Small-scale industries and a mineral-based industry is developing in this region. Hindustan
Zinc Ltd. established near Lake Udai Sagar in the eastern direction of the Udaipur urban area.
Presently, development activities have increased near water bodies and the highways of Udaipur. The
airport in the east of the city has also had a significant effect on the city‟s development.
Ministry of Urban Development
[47] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Figure 5-1: Spatial growth trend over a time period
Source: 1st generation CDP
5.5 Spatial Distribution of Population
The city can be described as a ribbon-shaped linear spread which is governed by the transport
network. There is marked growth along the national highway and roads connecting the city radially in
all directions. The main arteries along which the sprawl is taking place include the Ahmedabad route,
Rajasamand, Ajmer route, part of the National Golden Quadrilateral, and the Chittorgadh route east
west corridor. The core city area is highly developed as tourist destinations with guest houses and
restaurants. The new Udaipur city is developed towards the south-east and the eastern direction.
These areas have mid-rise residential, several institutions.
5.6 Land use Analysis
Existing land use
The city has about 53.7 percent of its area under the developed/built category and the rest 46 percent
of the area is under undeveloped categories such as agriculture, water bodies or forests, government-
reserved, and other open areas.
Ministry of Urban Development
[48] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Table 5-2: Existing Land Use – 2011, Udaipur
Land use Details Area (Acre) 2011 % of developed land % of total area
Residential 8052 55.7 29.9
Commercial 659 4.6 2.4
Industrial 1553 10.7 5.8
Institutional 212 1.5 0.8
Entertainment 534 3.7 2.0
Public and Semi-public 2066 14.3 7.7
Circulation 1387 9.6 5.2
Developed area 14463 100 53.7
Government reserved 929 3.5
Agriculture, Forest 1579 5.8
Water bodies 2394 8.9
Other open areas 7560 28.1
Total 26925 100
Source: Udaipur Master Plan - Draft (2011-2031)
In existing land use, residential development occupies around 56 percent of the developed area, while
industrial use spreads over 11 percent. Public/semipublic use accounts for around 14 percentage of
the developed area which is high mainly because Udaipur is a regional administrative hub. Areas
outside the city‟s main area like Ashok Nagar, Madhuban, and Bhupalpura, have less residential
density. The outskirts are developed in a planned way and under various schemes due to which the
average density in these areas is around 25 persons per acre.
Wholesale trade and commercial areas are mainly located in the core city area. The main commercial
areas stretch from Hathipole to Jagdish Chowk, Suraj Pole to Ghanta Ghar and Gulab Bagh, Delhi
Gate to Dhanmandi, Chetak Circle and Sashtri Circle. Hotels and guesthouses are located on main
roads such as the bus stand to Udaipole and the railway station road. Five-star hotels, resorts and
farm houses are largely located along Lake Front, in vicinity of lakes and outside the city.
One military area (680 acres) is located in the south-west direction of the city, near Govardhan Villas
Village, and another one is near the city railway station (20 acres). In the village Dewari, around 136
acres of land have been allocated to RAC which is under development.
Table 5-3: Comparison of land use from 1971 to 2011
Land use Area (Acre) (% of total)
1971 1988 1997 2011
Residential 1585 (37) 2565 (30) 4988 (22) 8052 (30)
Commercial 115 (3) 295 (3) 548 (2) 659 (2)
Industrial 170 (4) 910 (11) 1152 (5) 1553 (6)
Institutional 75 (2) 92 (1) 96 (0.4) 212 (1)
Entertainment 365 (8) 302 (4) 358 (2) 534 (2)
Ministry of Urban Development
[49] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Land use Area (Acre) (% of total)
1971 1988 1997 2011
Public and Semi-public 1010 (23) 1615 (19) 1632 (7) 2066 (8)
Circulation 540 (13) 995 (12) 1105 (5) 1387 (5)
Developed area 3860(90) 6774 (80) 9879 (44) 14463 (54)
Government reserved 130 (3) 800 (9) 865 (4) 929 (3)
Agriculture, Forest 75 (2) 255 (3) 285 (1) 1579 (6)
Water bodies 85 (2) 135 (2) 1900 (8) 2394 (9)
Other open areas 150 (3) 531 (6) 9672 (43) 7560 (28)
Total 4300 (100) 8495 (100) 22601 (100) 26925 (100)
Source: Udaipur Master Plan - Draft (2011-2031)
As seen from the table above, the developed area percentage has decreased over the years, from
1971 to 1997. However, it increased again in 2011. Residential land use occupies the larger
percentage of developed area. The area under other open areas is observed to be very high in 1997,
in comparison to the 2011. This scenario may be due to the inclusion of new areas/villages within the
municipal area in the master plan of 1997.
5.6.1 Comparison with UDPFI guideline (for large cities)
Existing land use has been compared with URDPFI guidelines to assess the adequacy of the existing
areas under various categories/zones. As indicated in the table below, the city lacks adequate land
use share under various categories, i.e., residential, industrial, commercial, traffic and transportation/
circulation, public and semi-public, and recreational.
Table 5-4: Existing land use and comparison with URDPFI guidelines
Land use Details UDPFI Guidelines Existing Meets the benchmark
Residential 40-45% 29.9 No
Commercial 3-4% 2.4 No
Industrial 8-10% 5.8 No
Public and Semi–Public 10-12% 8.5 No
Recreational 18-20% 2.0 No
Transportation 12-14% 5.2 No
Agriculture/ Forest/ Government reserved/Water bodies/Other open areas
Balance - -
Source: URDPFI guidelines, 2014
Ministry of Urban Development
[50] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Figure 5-2: Existing Spatial Structure
Source: Google image and CRIS
5.7 Critical Appraisal of the Master Plan/Development Plan
5.7.1 Land use analysis Master Plan Provisions
The first master plan for Udaipur region was prepared in 1976-1996. The Master Plan, 1976-96 had
proposed a land use pattern, whereby 5,512 ha area was demarcated as urbanizable. It has proposed
4153 Ha as developed area. 47.6 percent was allocated for residential use, 13.6 percent under
circulation, 14.1 percent for public and semi-public use, 10.5 percent for industrial, 5 percent for
commercial, and 1.2 percent for governmental.
The plan was subsequently revised and a new master plan for the year 2001-2022 was prepared. The
Master Plan, 2001 proposed a land use distribution of developed area in between; 37.42 percent was
allocated for residential use, 18.8 percent for transportation, 12.3 percent for public and semipublic
use, 10.5 percent for industrial, 3.82 percent for commercial, 25.41 percent for recreational, and 1.2
percent for governmental. Recently, the draft master plan for the horizon year of 2011-2031 was
published; public opinion, objections and recommendations are invited currently.
Ministry of Urban Development
[51] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Table 5-5 Key planning parameters – Master plan of Udaipur
Details Master Plan 2022 Master Plan 2031
Projected population (lakh) 8.30 10.02
Total Area covered (Ha) 10,999 (including Municipal area + 62 villages)
20,012 (including Municipal area + 121 villages)
Planning zones 6 9
% of developed area 86 89.75
Source: Udaipur Master Plan 2022, Udaipur Draft Master Plan 2031
The Master Plan for 2031 estimates that the population of Udaipur will reach up to 7,59,000 in 2021
and 10,02,000 in 2031. Considering the town will cross 10 lac population, the plan proposes to
increase the urbanisable area to around 20,012 ha. Of this, around 17,960 ha area is proposed to be
developed under various urban activities while the remaining 2,052 ha will be under government
reservations, water bodies and plantation. To accommodate the growing population, the Master Plan
proposes to incorporate nine planning zones within an area of 27,738 ha in addition to fringe area
development of 18,239 ha. The plan envisages developing a growth centre around Dabok airport in
the east of the city at a distance of 15 km.
Table 5-6: Land use comparison – Master Plan 2022, Draft Master Plan 2031
Land use (area in acre) Master Plan 2022 (% of total area) Draft Master Plan 2031 (% of
total area)
Residential 13380 (49) 27788 (56)
Commercial 1220 (4) 1382 (3)
Industrial 1110 (4) 2852 (6)
Institutional /Govt. 340 (1) 451 (1)
Entertainment/Recreation 2430 (9) 4512 (9)
Public and Semi-public 2420 (9) 2783 (6)
Circulation 2480 (9) 4610 (9)
Developed area 23380 (86) 44380 (90)
Government reserved 950 (3) 1195 (2)
Agriculture, Forest 800 (3) 1520 (3)
Water bodies 2000 (7) 2354 (5)
Total 27180 (100) 49451 (100)
The total developed area is proposed to increase from 86 percent to 90 percent, from 2022 to 2031.
The percentage area under residential land use has increased in the proposed draft Master Plan
2031, as compared to the Master Plan 2022.
5.7.2 Comparison with URDPFI Guidelines
As per population projections carried out in the demography section, the city would have a population
of around 8 lakhs by 2041. Hence the comparison has been carried out with URDPFI guidelines for
large cities with 5 to 10 lakh population.
Table 5-7: Proposed land use comparison with URDPFI guidelines
Land use Details UDPFI Guidelines Existing Meets the benchmark
Ministry of Urban Development
[52] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
As indicated in the table above, the proposed land use is meeting the requirement only in the case of
residential and commercial categories. In all other categories, the proposed land use share is grossly
deficit with respect to URDPFI guidelines. This is due to the fact that except for Udaipur city, the rest
of the area was rural when the master plan was prepared.
Figure 5-3: Master Plan 2022 and Draft Master Plan 2031
Source: Proposed Master Plan 2022
Residential 40-45% 56 Yes
Commercial 3-4% 3 Yes
Industrial 8-10% 6 No
Public and Semi – Public 10-12% 7 No
Recreational 18-20% 9 No
Transportation 12-14% 9 No
Agriculture/ Forest/ Government reserved/Water bodies/Other open areas
Balance - -
Ministry of Urban Development
[53] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Source: Proposed Draft Master Plan report 2031
Areas in the draft master plan of 2031 include the following.
Sr. No. Name of planning area Area (Acre)
1 City area 866.69
2 Ashoknagar 3281.79
3 Bhuwana 15042.42
4 Hiranmagari 13644.53
5 Govardhan villas 11259.0
6 Ambamata 5437.0
7 Highway control zone 5500.0
8 Gudli growth center 9239.73
9 Umrada growth center 3036.09
Urbanizable area 67307.25
10 Fringe area 45399.0
Proposed urbanizable area 1,12,706
Source: Proposed Draft Master Plan report 2031
5.7.3 Development Proposals
The following various major development proposals are given under the Draft Master Plan, 2031.
Ministry of Urban Development
[54] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
International Entertainment City
In all, 1,814 acres of land are proposed on the north-east side of Maharana Khel village, in which
there is a proposal to develop international-level entertainment facilities. This entertainment city will
have the latest technologies and infrastructure facilities, and comprise the following:
Amusement park
Green buildings/ Eco-friendly houses/farm houses/Cottages
Resort/ Holiday cottage resort/ Health resort
Multi-specialty hospital/medical facilities
Public utilities and facilities
Modern exhibition center
International Sports City
There is a proposal to develop an international sports city or stadium on a land of 1,149 acres near
Hathidhara village. It will have:
An amusement park/ I.T. Park
Sports ground
Golf course
Green building/ Eco-friendly houses/Farm houses/Cottages
Resort/ Holiday cottage resort/ Health resort
Multi-specialty hospital/Medical facilities
Public utilities and facilities
Modern exhibition center
Proposal for bus stands and Transport Nagar
Considering the existing scenario and future development, it is proposed to have bus stands
connecting various city roads to the outer areas.
Table 5-8: Proposed bus stands in Draft Master Plan, 2031
Sr. No. Name of roads Location Area (acre)
1 Nathdwara road Near highway crossing 35.4
2 Ahmedabad road On land of roadways workshop 2.5
3 Ahmedabad rod In front of IIM 19
4 Jaisamand road Savina Khera 3.3
5 Chittorgarh road At circle of pratapnagar chauraha 13.3
6 Sisarma road Near Sisarma chauraha 2.0
Total 75.5
Source: Proposed Draft Master Plan report for Udaipur 2031
Other than these, one interstate bus stand is proposed at Amberi chauraha on National Highway 8
and State Highway 27. It will have all modern facilities –roadways, buses, private buses, taxi stands,
filling station, accommodation facilities for tourists, and parking facilities will be provided.
Ministry of Urban Development
[55] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
5.8 Urban Planning Functions and Reforms
As per the 74th CAA, the urban planning function in Rajasthan has been transferred to urban local
bodies. Provisions have been made in the Rajasthan Municipalities Act, 2009 (Chapter 10, section
156-157 and chapter 11, section 159 to 199). The preparation of a detailed City Development Plan
with the assistance of other parastatal agencies (Chapter X) and preparation of a city-scale master
development plan with detailed surveys in coordination with chief town planner of the state and district
town planning committee (Chapter XI) have been prescribed.
However, actual implementation of the transfer has not taken place. The preparation of regional-level
master plans (including city-level planning) is done by the Town Planning Department (TPD) which is
a state-owned body. UIT and UMC act as its executing institutions. The preparation and execution of
the master plan is governed as per the provisions of the Rajasthan Urban Improvement Act, 1959
(Chapter II, Section 3).
The Town Planning Department of UMC is headed by the district town planner (DTP).The total staff
includes one DTP and two surveyors. The DTP holds the charge for both Udaipur and Bhilwara. The
Town Planning Department in UMC undertakes the functions of building plan approvals. There are no
sanctioned posts for architects or assistant architects in UMC.
The function of regulation of land use and construction has been transferred to the corporation
through the Rajasthan Municipalities Act 2009, Chapter IX (182). However, the above-mentioned
functions as well as approval for land use conversion provided by UIT for land within municipal limits
and UIT boundary. For any other major changes in land use, the approval of Chief Town Planer,
Rajasthan has to be taken.
5.9 Roles and Responsibilities of ULB and Parastatals
The roles and responsibilities of UMC and UIT in the preparation of the Master Plan are limited to
consultations and meetings with the Town Planning Department and the appointed external agencies.
For the preparation of the Udaipur Master Plan 2031, three interdepartmental meetings have been
held, which were attended by administrative and technical officers from UIT and UMC. UIT is entitled
to submit a detailed account of all the land use changes that have happened in the past year at the
beginning of the planning process.
The Public Health and Engineering Department (PHED) is responsible for all aspects relating to urban
water supply, right from development to O&M. PHED is also responsible for the development of a
sewerage system while O&M is the responsibility of the respective ULBs.
Ministry of Urban Development
[56] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
6. Social and Cultural Resources
6.1 Background
Udaipur is considered as the hub for education and medical facilities in the district. The city has a
wide range of education institutions like universities and colleges which were established by the
Government and private organizations. The Department of Health and Education plays a major role in
the provision of basic facilities in the city.
6.2 Health Facilities
The Government of Rajasthan through the Department of Medical, Health and Family Welfare and
Department of Education is responsible for the provision of medical and educational infrastructure.
The major health and education facilities are located in Udaipur. In order to promote healthcare in
Udaipur, UMC shall provide the following facilitating services:
Supply clean and safe drinking water and sanitation facilities for maintaining hygienic
conditions;
Control mosquito breeding;
Control stray dogs; and
Regulate hotels and roadside food vendors
6.2.1 Existing Situation
Health care facilities in the city are provided by many hospitals which are supported by both
government and private institutions. There is a dominance of allopathic facilities in both the
government and private sectors and a significant presence of homeopathic facilities in Udaipur city.
Government health facilities include a government hospital, a women‟s hospital, a child hospital, a
T.B. sanatorium, a referral hospital, a primary health center, a satellite hospital and a dispensary.
Private health facilities include a hospital and a dispensary.
There are two major hospitals in the city, i.e., the Maharana Bhupal Public Hospital with 1,146 beds
and the Ayurvedic hospital with 75 beds. Near Badi village is the T.B. sanatorium with 230 beds which
caters to patients from Udaipur and other districts. There is one multi speciality satellite hospital which
has gynecologist, physician, surgeon, orthopedic surgeon, pediatrician and dentists. Facilities
provided by this hospital include consultation, drug dispensing and inpatient care13
.
In different areas of the city, there are around 12 dispensaries. Other than this, there are 45 private
hospitals with 550 beds. The number of beds in different hospitals and dispensaries is not adequate
for the population of the city.
13
http://arth.in/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/census-of-health-facilities-final-report-10mar05.pdf
Ministry of Urban Development
[57] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Table 6-1: Medical/Health facilities in Udaipur
Sr. No. Details Number Available beds Avg. beds per facility
1 Allopathic
A Government
Government hospital 1 1146 1146
Women hospital 1 350 350
Child hospital 1 135 135
T.B. Sanatorium 1 230 230
Referral hospital 20 685 34
Primary Health Center 71 426 6
Satellite hospital 1 100 100
Dispensary 12 -
B Private
Hospital 45 550 12
Dispensary 105 -
2 Ayurvedic
Ayurvedic hospital 1 75 75
Natural hospital 1 50 50
Detection center 1 20 20
Dispensary 6 -
3 Homeopathic 6 -
4 Uninani 3 -
Total 276 3767 14
Source: Udaipur Draft Master Plan – 2031 Report
Private facilities outpatient care compared to the government sector, government institutions have
greater caseloads. Government facilities provide a wide range of primary health services, as
compared to the private sector. Private sector facilities provide a range of specialized medical and
surgical services.
Brief on the major Hospitals
Maharana Bhupal Hospital: This is the main hospital of the city which is well-equipped with new
areas of medical science. The hospital consists of 37 wards, 6 operation theaters and a well-equipped
central laboratory.
Mewar Group of Hospitals: The Mewar Hospital was established in 1998; it has various sectors like
orthopedics, spine, neurology, urology, gynecology and trauma care. It has become a multispecialty
hospital in 2013.
Geetanjali Medical College and Hospital: A multi-super-specialty hospital, it offers a wide range of
services to the population of the state. The hospital is equipped with the latest and state-of-the-art
Ministry of Urban Development
[58] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
facilities for diagnosis and treatment of common as well as rare diseases. It is located near
Manwakhera, NH-8 bypass.
6.2.2 Basic Public Health Indicators
Basic public health indicators include infant mortality, fertility, life expectancy, birth rate and death rate
indicators. According to the latest Udaipur district report, infant mortality rate in Udaipur district is 62
(2012-13), while state-level infant mortality rate is 60. Maternal mortality ratio is 285 which is higher
than the state average of 264.
Table 6-2: Basic Public Health Indicators
Health Indicators Udaipur District Rajasthan State India
Birth rate (per thousand persons) 30 28.6 23.1
Death rate (per thousand persons) 7.0 7.0 7.4
Infant mortality rate (per thousand live births) 62 65 55
Life expectancy at birth (years)
Male - 62.2 63.7
Female - 62.8 66.9
Source: http://ppp.rajasthan.gov.in/Rajasthan_171109.pdf
A number of initiatives such as the Chief Minister‟s Jeevan Raksha Scheme and the World Bank-
assisted Rajasthan Health System Development Project have been taken up to improve health care
facilities in the state.
6.2.3 Role of Municipal Body in Health Programmes
The main responsibility of UMC as an urban local body is to carry out cleaning operations and make
the city clean and livable. In association with the Health Department, it carries out fogging of
medicines to curb seasonal diseases, control flies and insects. Other than this, no major role is played
by the municipal body in health-related programmes.
6.2.4 Comparison with URDPFI Norms
The existing health care facilities have been compared with the URDPFI guidelines to check the
current status of health care infrastructure and further identify the gap in health care facilities.
As on date, the demand for dispensaries, nursing homes, polyclinics and general hospitals has met
the requirement. Moreover, the existing facilities are on the higher side as compared to URDPFI
guidelines.
As indicated in the table below, the city has only seven diagnostic centres while the requirement is for
about 16. However, this would not be an issue since the majority of the private hospitals have their
own diagnostic labs. Further, as per the guidelines, the city lacks veterinary hospitals and dispensary
facilities for pets.
Ministry of Urban Development
[59] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Table 6-3: Comparison of healthcare facilities with URDPFI guidelines
Health care facility URDPFI guidelines
Requirement as per
guidelines
Existing situation
Met the benchmark
Dispensary 1 for 15000 population
30 123 Yes
Nursing home, child welfare and maternity centre
45000 to 1 lakh population
10 73 Yes
Polyclinic 1 for 1 lakh population
5
General Hospital (NBC) 1 for 2.5 lakh population
2 1 No
Diagnostic centre 1 for 0.5 lakh population
9
Veterinary Hospital for pets and animals
1 for 5 lakh population
1 0 No
Dispensary for pet animals and birds
1 for 1 lakh population
5 0 No
6.2.5 Issues
The city is a pioneer in terms of overall healthcare facilities. However, in the area of public
health care facilities, intermediate hospitals and specialty hospitals could be developed for the
BPL population within the district.
The major prevailing diseases in the city are malaria, diarrhea and general diseases.
There are few pathology diagnostic laboratory facilities; the private sector dominates in the
field of laboratory and imaging services
6.3 Educational Facilities
The city is a regional hub and pioneer in higher education and graduate programmes in the state. The
Department of Education, Government of Rajasthan, is responsible for the development of education
in this state. The state has a high dropout rate, and the Government has undertaken various
measures to reduce the dropout rate to ensure that all children attend classes and stay in school. The
renowned institutions in the city are as follows:
Mohanlal Sukhadia University: This university is a state university established by an act in the
year 1962 to cater to the needs of higher education. Graduate, post-graduate, PhD and
professional courses are being offered at the university. Courses offered are also offered in
the field of commerce.
Pacific University: The Pacific University came into existence by virtue of a special act of the
Rajasthan State Assembly in 1997. It provides higher education and professional courses in
dental science, management, pharmacy, engineering, hotel management, arts, science,
fashion technology, media and mass communication. The campus is spread over an area of
100 acres on the Airport Road, Pratap Nagar extension.
Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology: Established in 1964, it offers an
undergraduate course in agricultural engineering. It was transformed by the state government
to a college in 1975-76. It offers bachelors, masters and PhD programmes along with MBA in
Ministry of Urban Development
[60] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
engineering. The types of courses offered include agricultural engineering, electrical
engineering, civil engineering, computer science and engineering, mechanical engineering,
information technology and electronics and communication engineering.
6.3.1 Existing Situation
Udaipur is famous for its educational institutes. Vidhya Bhawan and Vidhyapith are the old and
famous educational institutes in the city. Bhopal Nobles College was established by Maharana Bhupal
Singh in the 1930s. After Independence, several educational and training institute has been in
Udaipur including a professional training institute by Western. During the last three decades, a
medical college, an agriculture college, the Udaipur Polytechnich College and an industrial training
institute have been established. There are in all 13 colleges in the city.
Table 6-4: Educational facilities, Udaipur 2011
Sr. No. Details Number of schools Number of students
Govt. Pvt. Govt. Pvt.
1 Primary school 23 309 75994 -
2 Upper primary school 57 355 31991 -
3 Secondary school 13 53 2026 10518
4 Higher secondary school 21 49 6587 20268
5 College 13 8 - -
6 ITI 2 - - -
7 University 3 3 - -
Total 132 777
Source: Udaipur Draft Master Plan – 2031 Report
The major colleges in the city are located on Chittorgadh Road. Educational facilities in the city have
improved due to the establishment of an IIM in Balicha gram, Singhania University near Bhatevar,
Gitanjali University and Pacific University.
About 576 teachers are working in primary and upper primary government schools according to
information. Hence, the student-teacher ratio in primary and upper primary schools is 1:53, which is
higher than the preferred norm of 1:30 as per the Right to Education Act.
The salaries of staff in the municipal schools are being taken care of by the state government. School
buildings are constructed and maintained by PWD of the state government.
6.3.2 Comparison with URDPFI Norms
The existing education facilities have been compared with the URDPFI guidelines to check the current
status of education facilities and further identify service gaps. It is observed that the city has adequate
facilities in terms of higher education and graduation schools.
Ministry of Urban Development
[61] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Table 6-5: Existing education facilities in comparison with URDPFI norms
Health care facility URDPFI guidelines
Requirement as per guidelines
Existing situation
Met the benchmark
Pre-primary, nursery school 1 for 2500 population
180 - -
Primary school 1 for 5000 population
90 332 Yes
Senior secondary school 1 for 7500 population
60 70 Yes
Integrated school (with hostel facility)
1 for 90000 to 1 lakh
5 - -
School for physically challenged
1 for 45000 population
10 - -
School for mentally challenged
1 for 10 lakh population
- - -
College 1 for 1.25 lakh 2 21 -
Technical education 1 for 10 lakh population
- - -
Engineering college 1 for 10 lakh population
- - -
Medical college 1 for 10 lakh population
- - -
Other professional college 1 for 10 lakh population
- - -
Nursing and paramedical institute
1 for 10 lakh population
- - -
Source: CRIS analysis
It is observed that the city has adequate facilities in terms of primary schools, senior secondary
schools and colleges. There is an absence of information related to pre-primary and nursery schools,
schools for the physically/mentally challenged, technical education, medical colleges and other
professional colleges. However, there are several private institutions, colleges and universities which
offer medical courses, technical education, and other professional courses.
6.3.3 Key Issues
The city has adequate higher education facilities largely provided by private institutions;
however, it lacks adequate government educational facilities, i.e., primary and elementary
schools.
The student-teacher ratio is higher than the recommended norms for primary and upper
primary school level government schools.
Infrastructure status in government schools is poor in terms of substandard buildings and
basic facilities.
High dropout rate among girls in government schools is a matter of concern.
Ministry of Urban Development
[62] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
6.4 Recreation Facilities
As far as recreational facilities are concerned, the city of Udaipur has many parks and gardens which
form a major source of attraction for both locals as well as tourists. Other than this, there are theaters
for entertainment in the city.
6.4.1 Sports facilities
Due to the availability of lakes, water parks are being developed in different areas of the city. Gulab
Park and Saheliyo ki baadi are beautiful parks and raise the aesthetic appeal of the city. After
Independence, various parks were developed which include the Nehru park in Fatehsagar lake, Moti
Magri park, Town hall garden, sukhadiya circle garden, manikyalal verma garden, dindayal upadhyay
garden, sanjay park, aravalli vatika, and bhamashah garden(Please use capitals for the first letter of
words that are specific names of places, people and things). Surrounding the lakes, various gardens
and parks are being developed. There are in all, 199 small, medium and big parks in the city, as per
information provided by UMC.
Gulab Bagh is the largest garden of Rajasthan, spread over an area of 100 acres. Maharaja Sajjan
Singh took the initiative to build this beautiful garden. It has an abundance of roses due to which it is
known as the Gulab Bagh. It is situated right beneath the banks of Pichola Lake on the Lake Palace
Road. Tourists from all over come to visit this garden.
UMC has started an initiative by which people or a community or a society can adopt a park within
their area or society. The municipality provides funds every month for maintenance and management
of adopted parks to the community, based on the park‟s size. Necessary infrastructure in the
park/garden is being provided by UMC. In all, 33 parks/gardens have been given on adoption basis
and the amount spent for their maintenance and management in 2013-14 was Rs.780,000.
In the financial year 2014-15, 36 new parks/gardens are proposed to be given on adoption. Estimated
amount to be spent on the same would be Rs.11, 04,000.
6.4.2 Key Issues
Apart from parks, the city lacks other recreational facilities, especially for children, like sports
grounds and stadiums.
The entertainment zones, folk centres, cultural villages etc. need to be developed for catering
to the evening entertainment need of tourists.
Ministry of Urban Development
[63] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
7. Infrastructure and Services
UMC, UIT and PHED together provide basic infrastructure facilities to the Udaipur city. UMC is
responsible for providing basic services such as sewerage and sanitation (up to a certain extent,
mainly O&M), SWM, streetlights, roads, housing, and basic services in slum areas within UMC
jurisdictions. Public Health Engineering Department (PHED) is responsible for planning, designing,
construction, operation, and maintenance of the water supply system. The Urban Improvement Trust
(UIT) is responsible for the provision of sewerage facility in UIT areas. There is an overlap in service
provisioning by UMC, UIT, and other parastatals at different levels. This section provides a snapshot
of the pre-JNNURM scenario and key highlights of each sector based on the earlier CDP. It also
highlights the progress made under each sector and the existing situation.
7.1 Water Supply
Lakes are the major sources of water supply in Udaipur city. Initially, the water supply scheme was
commissioned from Pichola Lake as a source in 1968. The water supply scheme from Fatehsagar
Lake as a source was subsequently commissioned in the year 1970.
Further, in 1976, the Pichola Lake water supply scheme was augmented. During 1987, Badi Lake was
considered for augmentation of the water supply scheme for the city. Pichola and Fatehsagar lakes
were only reserved for water supply distribution in Udaipur since 1985. During 1988, when there was
a drought, an emergency scheme for water supply was prepared, considering Jaisamand as the
source. This scheme was commissioned in the year 1995 and was designed for 21 MLD. The water
supply schemes from Pichola and Fatehsagar lakes were further augmented in 1996.
Another scheme was taken into consideration as a result from dewatering of Jhamerkotra mines in the
year of 1996. Thus water from tube wells of Jhamarkotra mines played considerable role in water
supply in the city. Water from 8 tube wells of Kharbadiya mines were pumped to Purohito ki Madri.
Figure 7-1 Existing water supply system
Ministry of Urban Development
[64] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
The Mansi Wakal I project was initiated in 2000, which has been completed recently. The gross
storage capacity of the dam is 24.37 million cum with 50% dependability. 23.35 MLD water supply
started in the year 2007-08. The state government sanctioned the Dewas Stage II project in the year
2005. It involved construction of Akodra dam having a net storage capacity of 8.15 M.cum, Madri dam
having a net storage capacity of 2.39 M.cum, a tunnel from Madri dam 1.33 km, and a tunnel from
Akodra dam 11.05 km. The net storage of both dams with 90% dependability is 10.84 M.cum, which
will assure availability of water for the whole year.
7.1.1 Existing Water Supply Situation
a) Water Supply Source and Storage
At present, the city relies on surface as well as ground water sources for its daily water needs. The
water supply system in the city is dependent on surface water to a large extent. Fatehsagar Lake,
Pichola Lake, Jaisamand, and Mansi Wakal dam are the major sources of water for the city.
Besides this, PHED has 53 tube wells and 29 open wells/baories/step wells, which supplement the
existing water supply system. The total ground water production is estimated to be 11 MLD. About
108 punghats and 2100 hand pumps have been developed in various localities of the city. Water from
hand pumps and punghats is used for domestic purpose and is provided free of cost to the users. The
present water supply scheme covers Udaipur city as well as seven peripheral villages (i.e., Bedla,
Bargaon, Bhuvana, Sobhaggar, Saveenkhera, Saveenaand Govardhan villas). The existing average
production from all sources is 70 MLD against the demand of 86 MLD. This need to be augmented.
Table 7-1: Water supply sources
No. Source Normal Drawl (MLD) Drawn in Lean period (MLD)
1 Lake Fatehsagar 13.50 2.00
2 Lake Pichola 19.50 10.00
3 Dewas – I (flow reaches Lake Pichola)
Included in 2 Included in 2
4 Tube wells in Jhamarkotra and Kanpur
10.60 10.00
5 Bawadies -- --
6 Lake Jaisamand 21.65 21.00
7 Mansi Wakal Dam (stage I) 24.07 23.35
8 Lake Badi -- 4.00
Total 89.33 70.35
Source: Draft – Feasibility report for the rehabilitation, augmentation and operation of water supply and sewerage
system in Udaipur through PPP
There are 30 clear water reservoirs (CWR)/ground level reservoirs (GLR) with a storage capacity of
26738 kilolitre. Many of these structures need repair and maintenance, while some of the structures
need replacement. There are 35 overhead service reservoirs (OHSR)/service reservoirs (SR) with a
total storage capacity of 66001 kilolitre.
b) Water Transmission and Treatment Facilities
The entire city is divided into total 9 transmission and distribution zones. There are 38 water supply
subzones at present. These water supply zones are divided into Division 1 and Division 2, based on
Ministry of Urban Development
[65] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
the area. More distribution zones need to be defined and developed for growing outer areas of the
city.
Table 7-2: Details of transmission and distribution zones
Sr. No. Name of transmission and distribution zones
1 Doodh Talai water supply zone
2 Mansi Wakal water supply zone
3 Patel Circle water supply zone
4 Jhamar kotra water supply zone
5 Teetardhi water supply zone
6 Neemachmata water supply zone
7 Gulab bagh water supply zone
8 Fatehsagar water supply zone
9 Kanpur water supply zone
Source: Draft – Feasibility report for the rehabilitation, augmentation and operation of water supply and sewerage
system in Udaipur through PPP
The length of the pipeline network is more than 900 km, and that of the transmission main is
approximately 250 km. Many of the pumps in 30 pumping stations need to be replaced as the pumps
are running below the desired optimum efficiency. Pumps in 20 pumping stations don‟t have efficiency
more than 60%. There is no record of „unaccounted-for water‟. As informed, the distribution loss will
be around 20% of the water supplied. Water is supplied at an interval of 2 days.
The city has 10 water treatment plants (WTP) with a total treatment capacity of 84.24 MLD and 89%
utilization. Of the 10 treatment plants, 6 plants are based on rapid gravity filters (RGF), while 3 are
based on pressure filters (PF). The following table presents details about the existing water treatment
plants in Udaipur, their capacities, and the year of construction. Present treatment facilities are
adequate; however, efficiency of the same requires to be increased.
Table 7-3: Details of water treatment plants in Udaipur
Sr. No.
Name of Water Treatment Plant
Capacity (MLD)
Year of construction
Source of Raw water
1 Doodh Talai RGF 13.64 1976 Pichola
2 GulabBagh RGF 4.54 1968 Pichola
3 GulabBagh PF 2.27 1968 Pichola
4 Doodh Talai PF 2.85 1996 Pichola
5 Neemuch Mata RGF 11.35 1996 Fatehsagar
6 Fatehsagar WTP 3.45 1970 Fatehsagar
7 Fatehsagar PF 1.72 1968 Fatehsagar
8 Nandeshwar RGF 23.35 2007-08 Mansi Wakal-I
9 Teetardi RGF 13.5 2007 Jaisamand
10 Patel Circle RGF 7.57 1997 Jaisamand/ Pichola
Total 84.24
Ministry of Urban Development
[66] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Source: Information provided by PHED
Figure 7-2: Water supply network map - Udaipur
Source: Draft – Feasibility report for the rehabilitation, augmentation and operation of water supply and sewerage
system in Udaipur through PPP
c) Water Distribution System, Consumer Connections, Metering System and Policy
There are total 77,835 water connections in the city, which include connection provided to domestic
(metered and flat), industrial, institutional, commercial, and govt. buildings. At present, consumer
connection is provided with GI pipes. These connection pipes are old and have point of water
contamination. Hence, these connections need to be replaced with MDPE pipe connections. Almost,
50 per cent connections need replacement.
All water connections are metered as per the PHED policy, and new water connections for domestic
use are charged as per the type of service line to be laid. New connections provided by PHED are
Ministry of Urban Development
[67] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
with an option for consumers to either purchase or maintain their own meters and donate meters to
PHED, which are then maintained by the department.
Table 7-4: Type of connections and connection charges
Type of connections Connection Charges
Domestic Rs. 20 per connection (for 15 mm service line)
Rs. 11245 per connection (for 150 mm service line)
Non-Domestic Rs. 51 per connection (for 15 mm service line)
Rs. 11245 per connection (for 150 mm service line)
Industrial Rs. 120 per connection (for 15 mm service line)
Rs. 11240 per connection (for 150 mm service line)
Source: Information provided by PHED official
More than 20% of the total metered connections need replacement (as informed). More bulk meters
are required at the pump end and on the inlet and delivery mains of reservoirs. Unauthorized tapping
be in the trunk main or distribution main are without which difficult to locate. NRW can be controlled if
bulk meters are installed. Meter reading is done once in two months. An inspector from the
department undertakes door-to-door visits for meter reading. PHED has hired an external consultant
for the generation of demand and bills, who is stationed at Jaipur. The generated bills, after approval,
are sent in printed format to PHED, which are then distributed by hired courier service providers.
User charges are levied at volumetric rate for metered connections and and on flat rate charges for
unmetered connection (based on the pipe diameter of connection). Unmetered connections are
provided only for domestic purpose usage.
Table 7-5: User charges (metered and unmetered connections)
Type of connections User charges Rate
Domestic For consumption up to first 15,000 L Rs. 1.56 per 1000 L (Gross)
For consumption exceeding 15,000 L and
up to 40,000 L
Rs. 3 per 1000 L (Gross)
For next consumption above 40,000 L Rs. 4 per 1000 L (Gross)
Flat rate charges for 15
mm domestic
connection (unmetered)
For each connection per family up to two
tape
Rs. 20
Non-Domestic For consumption up to first 15,000 L Rs. 4.68 per 1000 L (Gross)
For consumption exceeding 15,000 L and
up to 40,000 L
Rs. 8.25 per 1000 L (Gross)
For next consumption above 40,000 L Rs. 11 per 1000 L (Gross)
Industrial For consumption up to first 15,000 L Rs. 11 per 1000 L (Gross)
For consumption exceeding 15,000 L and
up to 40,000 L
Rs. 13.75 per 1000 L
(Gross)
For next consumption above 40,000 L Rs. 16.50 per 1000 L
(Gross)
Source: Information provided by PHED official
Ministry of Urban Development
[68] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
d) Service-Level Indicators
As per service-level benchmarks prescribed by MoUD in consultation with the 13th Finance
Commission, every ULB has to report, plan, and achieve service-level benchmarks (SLB) for basic
services/functions in their respective city. SLBs for the water supply system of Udaipur are shown
below.
Table 7-6: Service-level indicators for water supply sector - Udaipur
Indicator Benchmark Service level (2011-12)
Coverage of water supply connections 100 % 79%
Per capita water availability at consumer end 135 lpcd 124 lpcd
Extent of metering 100% 99%
Extent of NRW 15% Not available
Continuity of water supply 24x7 hours Every two days
Efficiency in redressal of complaints 80% 70%
Adequacy of treatment and quality of water supplied 100% 99%
Cost recovery 100% 29%
Collection of water charges 90% 83%
e) Water Account – O&M Recovery
The O&M cost incurred by PHED for supplying water to the consumers is Rs. 8.60/kL. But, cost
recovery is only Rs. 2.58/kL (around 29%). The annual O&M cost incurred for water supply is Rs. 25
crores, and recovery is only Rs. 7 crores (as on 2013 data).
7.1.2 Water Supply – Future Demand
Total water demand for Udaipur city with a population of 451100 (2011) and a floating population of
30000, comes to about 65 MLD, considering 135 lpcd water supply. However, the total water demand
for all sectors, i.e., domestic, industrial, institutional, tourist, and floating population, was 115 MLD (as
per the information provided by PHED) in 2011. The raw water demand is calculated on the basis of
per capita water supply norms of 135 lpcd and average water supply losses. Water supply loss is
assumed to be 20% of water supplied. Hence, the per capita raw water demand is determined as 162
lpcd.
The raw water demand has been forecasted on basis of the population projections provided in
demography section of the report. Accordingly, the city would require around 101 MLD of raw water
by 2021, 122 MLD by 2031, and 148 MLD by 2041. A detailed gap analysis has been discussed
under sector plans. Water supply demand projection for the horizon year is presented in the table
below.
Table 7-7: Water demand estimation
Year Projected population* Estimated water demand (MLD)
2021 624350 101
2031 755325 122
2041 910946 148
Ministry of Urban Development
[69] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
* Projected population includes Udaipur city population, surrounding 4 urban centres’ population, and floating
population of 30000.
While, as per „Draft Feasibility Report for Rehabilitation, Augmentation and Operation of Water Supply
and Sewerage system in Udaipur town through PPP model‟ estimated water demand for the year of
2041 is 278 MLD.
Year Projected population Estimated water demand (MLD)
2041 1,101,562 (includes Udaipur town and 7 peripheral villages)
278 (including domestic, industrial, institutional, tourist, and floating
population)
Source: Draft – Feasibility report for the rehabilitation, augmentation and operation of water supply and sewerage
system in Udaipur through PPP
7.1.3 Critical Analysis of Water Supply System post – 1st Generation CDP
Scenario
The first generation CDP was prepared in the year 2007. The table below provides an overview of the
water supply system at the time of preparation of 1st generation CDP.
Table 7-8 Key Features of Water Supply System as per 1st Generation CDP
Parameters Description
Sources of water supply
Source of water for Udaipur city was its various lakes (Pichola – 13700 million litres, Fatehsagar – 12100 million litres, Jaisamand – 300000 million litres), ground water from Jhamarkotra mines (8 nos.) and local tube wells and bowaries (50 tube wells and 32 step wells/open wells)
Water Treatment There were 9 water treatment plants having total treatment capacity of 47.59 MLD. Out of this, three water treatment plants had outlived their lives and would be defunct. Hence, the actual capacity of water treatment plants was expected to be about 40.18 MLD.
Storage and Distribution
Treated water was being supplied through a network of 11 storage facilities, 3 booster stations, and about 400 km of distribution lines. Water was distributed through 8 water supply zones and was being distributed for two to four hours in all areas, with a distribution gap of 48 hours since December 1998.
House service connections
Total 53826 house connections; and all connections were metered.
Per capita consumption/duration of water supply
74 lpcd
User charges For domestic as well as non-domestic purposes, it was minimum Rs. 100 per connection (for 20–mm diameter service line) and maximum Rs. 11,245 (for 150 mm diameter service line).
For industrial use, it is minimum Rs. 240 (for 200–mm diameter service line) and maximum Rs. 11,250 (for 150 mm diameter service line) per connection.
For domestic consumers, the usage up to first 15 kL per month was charged a minimum of Rs. 1.50 per kL and more than 15 kL, it was Rs. 3 per kL.
For commercial purpose, it was Rs. 4.68 per kL to Rs. 8.25 per kL.
Cost recovery 20%
Ministry of Urban Development
[70] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Projects in pipeline Under ADB assisted RUIDP Mansi-Wakal project was planned. It was estimated that the per capita water supply should be maintained at 135 lpcd.
Key Observations The discussion with various stakeholders identified the following challenges:
Paucity of source
Pumping machinery and conveyance main
Ground water depletion
Treatment and disinfection facilities
Inadequate distribution infrastructure
Worn out pipelines
Uncovered areas
Power transmission system
Rejuvenation of assets
Lack of communication facilities
The earlier CDP had set different goals for the horizon year 2021:
Per capita water supply at a rate of 135 lpcd Daily water supply Reduction of non-revenue water up to 10% 100% piped water supply Water supply for 6 hours/day
100% cost recovery
An investment plan to improve the water supply system/infrastructure was identified under CDP with
an investment of Rs. 346 crores. The project proposed covering various aspects such as
strengthening of the distribution system and coverage of the existing uncovered areas, up-gradation
of filtration facilities, rehabilitation of worn out pipeline, strengthening of head works, bulk metering,
consumer metering, up-gradation of the transmission system, GIS mapping, and capacity building etc.
Proposed water supply identified was sanctioned under UIDSSMT. The total sanctioned amount was
Rs. 379.19 crores under the same. The project has been implemented.
Source: 1st generation CDP
The table below provides a comparison of how the service level has improved from preparation of the
1st generation CDP to till now.
Table 7-9: Water supply system indicators – Post 1st
Generation CDP
Indicator Benchmark Status at the time of preparation of 1
st generation
CDP (2006-07)
Present Status (2012-13)
Coverage of water supply connections
100% 69 79
Per capita water availability at consumer end
135 lpcd 74 lpcd 124 lpcd
Extent of metering 100% 24% 99%
Extent of NRW 15% Not available Not available
Continuity of water supply 24x7 hours 1.5-3 hours Every 2nd
day
Efficiency in redressal of complaints
80% Not available 70%
Ministry of Urban Development
[71] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Adequacy of treatment and quality of water supplied
100% 85% 99%
Cost recovery 100% 20% 29%
Collection of water charges
90% Not available 83%
Source: 1st generation CDP, PHED, and Draft – Feasibility report for the rehabilitation, augmentation and
operation of water supply and sewerage system in Udaipur through PPP
Since the preparation of 1st generation CDP the following parameters have improved:
Coverage of water supply connections from 69% to 79%
Extent of metering from 24% to 99%
Adequacy of treatment and quality of water supplied from 85% to 99%
Water Supply: New Project
The Government of Rajasthan with PHED, Udaipur, has proposed the „Rehabilitation, Augmentation
and Operation of Water Supply and Sewerage System in Udaipur town through PPP‟ project. The
DPR for the same has been prepared; however, the project has not been approved so far. The
estimated project cost is Rs. 918 crores. The project has been designed for the horizon year of 2041.
7.1.4 Institutional Framework for Water Supply System
The water supply is provided by PHED regional office, Udaipur. PHED manages complete cycle of
water supply provisioning for the city covering sourcing of water, treatment, transmission and
distribution, providing connections, operation and maintenance, and billing-collection for water
charges.
The Udaipur PHED regional office is headed by the Chief Engineer. Udaipur region includes Udaipur
and Chittorgarh zones, which are headed by Superintending Engineers (SE). The SE office has four
departments: Production and Distribution, Revenue, Udaipur District Department, and Salumbar Zonal
Department.
PHED has divided the Udaipur city into two zones – city zone 1 and city zone 2 – for providing water
supply. In 2009-10, for streamlining the process of water supply, the city was divided along the ridge
line, passing through the city. Both divisions have separate technical and class IV staff. And both city
divisions are headed by Executive Engineers who report to the SE. Project identification and planning
is done at the zonal office and is approved by regional office. Technical staff largely does works
related to planning, development, and designing of the water supply system.
Ministry of Urban Development
[72] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Figure 7-3 Administration framework for water supply
7.1.5 Key Issues
Inadequate water sources: The large component of water for city supply is sourced from
lakes. These lakes are dependent on rain for water. Therefore, additional water sources need
to be explored for reducing dependability over rain.
Ground depletion: Tube wells draw water from a limited aquifer. It is mostly dependent on
water level in lakes. Most of the tube wells have very low or negligible yield in summers when
the demand is heavy.
Old Infrastructure: In some areas, the water supply infrastructure is very old, resulting in
water leakages and sudden breakdowns. Due to undulating topography of the city, there are
many low-pressure points affecting the water supply pressure at the customer end. The
storage facilities need augmentation.
Water supply time and duration: Water is supplied at 2 to 3 day intervals. The daily water
supply should be ensured.
Metering: Even though 99% percent of water connections are metered there is no record
available for non-revenue water.
Replacement of meters: More than 20% of the metered connections need replacement in
order to have correct meter reading.
Cost recovery: Cost recovery is only 29%, which is very low and has an impact on the
operation and maintenance of infrastructure.
7.2 Sewerage and Sanitation
Sewerage and sanitation is one of the key areas of concern for UMC. The city lacks an organised
sewerage system and treatment facility. Also, till date, UMC has not taken steps towards the
preparation of a city sanitation plan (CSP) in line with the National Urban Sanitation Policy.
A detailed assessment of the existing sewerage system includes assessment of sewage generation,
sewerage network, treatment facility, and sanitation system. Further, key issues in sewerage and
sanitation system is also highlighted.
Ministry of Urban Development
[73] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Figure 7-4 Existing status of sewerage and sanitation
7.2.1 Existing Sewerage and Sanitation System
a) Sewage Generation and Collection System
As per the DPR, the estimated population of Udaipur was 526,892 persons in 2011. The estimated
sewage generation is 82.11 MLD and is projected to be 118.52 MLD for 2026 and 174.10 MLD for
2041. However, as per today‟s population and quantity of water supply, estimated amount of sewage
generation is 65 MLD (approximately). Generated sewage is collected through sewerage network,
and soak pits since city doesn‟t have underground sewerage network. The city has 21 public toilets,
which are maintained by external agencies hired by UMC.
b) Sewerage Network and Coverage
The total area covered by the underground sewerage network in the city is 23.5 km, and entire city is
divided in to three sewer zones. Only 13% of the population is directly connected to the sewerage
network.
The sewerage system in the city is managed by UMC and UIT. In the year of 1976 to 1985, the first
sewerage scheme was introduced by PHED for the walled city area, having a network length of
21.30 km and covering an area of 4.93 sq km. The diameter of the sewer pipe ranges between 150-
800 mm. The internal network diameter ranges from 150 to 300 mm, while the trunk and outfall sewer
line diameter ranges from 400 to 800 mm. The outfall sewer is laid from Suraj Pole to Manwa Kheda.
The sewerage network collects wastewater from the following areas of
the city:
Chand Pole area
Ganesh Ghati
Bhupal Wadi
Delhi Gate
Hathi Pole
Shivaji Nagar
Shakti Nagar
Ashok Nagar
Subhash Nagar
Hiran Magri
Ministry of Urban Development
[74] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
The second scheme was implemented by UIT in 2004-05 and was aimed at the rejuvenation of lakes
in old city and laying of the sewerage network. Length of the same was 23.50 km, covering an area of
3.18 sq km with 5 sewage pumping stations. The sewerage system in the catchment area of lakes
consists of 3500-m-long sewers of diameters 150-350 mm and covering a population of about 10,000
in Amba Mata, Brahmapol, Lalghat, Navghat, and Chand Pole area. Chand Pole and Amba Mata are
regular sewage pumping stations and other three pumping stations at Gariya Devra, Nag Nagri,
Ramdwara, Maharaja Ghat are manhole lift stations. Sewage is pumped from the Chand pole sewage
pumping station through a 300-mm-diameter pumping main up to Jhatwadi (ridge line) from where it is
flowing to Hathi pole through 400 mm dia. gravity sewer.
Sewers are laid along the eastern and western bank of Pichola Lake, for a length of 9.3 km and 11.50
km respectively and rest 2.6 km. The sewer in the peripheral areas has a length of about 8.50 km,
which is presently being maintained by UMC. For remaining area of lake periphery and upcoming
development thereafter, sewer lines of about 60 km length has been taken up as a new project under
National Lake Conservation Plan by Government of India.
c) Sewerage Treatment
On 30th March 2014, a 20 MLD sewage treatment facility has been established by Hindustan Zinc
Limited started functioning. The project has been implemented through PPP. It is a wastewater
recycling plant. The Hindustan Zinc imited is using the treated water for its industrial utilisation.
d) Sewerage Operation and Maintenance
The PHED provides new sewerage connections in the city. Sewerage charge is levied and collected
along with the water supply bills by PHED. 20% of water tax is levied as sewerage tax for areas where
the sewer system has been provided. PHED is supposed to share the collected sewerage charge with
UMC, However, as of now, PHED is not sharing the collected sewerage charges with UMC. For the
year 2012-13, total Rs. 50 lakhs were due to be shared with UMC, but no amount has been
transferred so far. The total number of sewerage connections in the old city area is 13,057; from
2011, no new connections have been given.
e) Service-Level Indicators
As per the service-level benchmarks prescribed by the Government of India in consultation with the
13th Finance Commission, every ULB has to report, plan, and achieve the SLBs for basic
services/functions in their respective city. SLBs for sewerage and sanitation are shown below.
Table 7-10: Service-Level Indicators – Sewerage and Sanitation
Indicator Benchmark Service level (2011-12)
Coverage of toilets (%) 100% 91%
Coverage of sewerage network system (%) 100% 13%
Efficiency in collection of sewage (%) 100% 19%
Adequacy of capacity for treatment of sewage (%)
100% Recently treatment plant started functioning
Quality of treatment (%) 100% Recently treatment plant started functioning
Efficiency in redressal of customer complaints
80% 80%
Extent of cost recovery in sewage management (%)
90% Not available
Ministry of Urban Development
[75] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Efficiency in collection of sewage charges 20% 0%
Source: 1st generation CDP, and Report – Rapid Baseline Assessment – Udaipur City, City level interim report,
October 2013
f) Present Sanitation Level
Table 7-11: Rating and Categorization of Cities based on Sanitation practices
Category Marks Description No. of cities in each category
Red <33 Cities on the brink of public health and environmental “emergency” and that need immediate remedial action
204
Black 34 - 66 Needing considerable improvements 228
Blue 67 – 90 Recovering but still diseased 4
Green 91 - 100 Healthy and clean city 0
Total 436
Udaipur Rank - 262 <33
Udaipur Red Category Red
Source: http://moud.gov.in/sites/upload_files/moud/files/rank_cities_0910.pdf
g) Demand and supply gaps of household toilets
As per the present status, 91% households have toilet facilities; however, as per the SLB,
100% households should be covered by household toilet facilities. Hence, there is an existing gap of
7% in the provision of household toilets.
7.2.2 Future Sewage Generation
Sewage generation is estimated based on the assumption that 80% of the water supplied is used and
thrown back to the sewers as sewage. Accordingly, sewage generation has been projected as 81
MLD for 2021, 98 MLD for 2031, and 118 MLD by 2041.
Table 7-12: Sewage generation estimation
Year Projected population* Estimated water demand (MLD)
2021 624350 81
2031 755325 98
2041 910946 118
Based on the draft DPR prepared for sewerage, the estimated sewage generation is 222 MLD by
2041 (at a rate of 80% of water supply).
Year Estimated water demand (MLD) Estimated sewage generation (MLD)
2041 278 (including domestic, industrial, institutional, tourist, and floating
population)
222
Ministry of Urban Development
[76] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
7.2.3 Critical Analysis of Sewerage and Sanitation System Post – 1st
Generation CDP Scenario
Following table shows the sanitation situation at the time of preparation of 1st generation CDP.
Key Features of Sewerage and Sanitation System as per 1st
Generation CDP
Sewerage system The sewerage system covered 13 wards out of 50 wards of the municipal area.
The old sewerage system in the catchment areas of lakes consists of 3500 m of sewers with diameters from 150 to 350 mm and covering a population of about 10,000.
UIT undertook the execution of the sewerage project to protect Pichola Lake from pollution. It also laid down a network of 24-km sewer line under the NEERI project, and about 3400 sewer hose connections have been done simultaneously.
Sewage Treatment Plant
The city did not have a sewage treatment facility.
PHED was in the last stage of acquiring land in the village Manwa Kheda along the bank of the Ayad river for developing STP. The project could not be implemented due to public unrest for land acquisition for the project.
Network coverage The sewage network and collection system was not covering all areas of the city.
House service connections
Only about 3600 odd sewer connections exist in the entire city as against 75000 households (2001).
Key Observations Based on the discussion with various stakeholders, following issues have been identified:
Inadequate coverage
House connections
Sewage treatment plants
An investment plan to improve the sewerage system/infrastructure in the city was envisaged with
an investment of Rs. 137.22 crores covering various aspects such as provision of a new
sewerage system, sewers, house connections, 3 STPs etc.
Works proposed to be taken up for the design period – 2011
For an immediate solution for collecting waste water and to prevent pollution of lakes, it
was proposed to provide a sewerage network for entire city and also develop sewage
treatment facility. This involved laying of about 400 km network of sewer lines of sizes
200 mm to 1600 mm and about 74000 house connections.
A modular treatment plant of 20 MLD capacity was to be built in the first instance, and
another module of the same capacity can be added towards the end of first phase.
Provision of all above activities is covered in the project proposal, and the cost envisaged
is Rs. 19041.20 lakhs.
Works proposed to be taken up for the design period – 2041
For providing sanitation facilities in the city and to prevent pollution of lakes, it was
proposed to provide a sewerage network in the development area and in the proposed
development area of the city till the year of 2041. This will involve laying of about 100 km
network of sewer lines and about 25000 sewer house connections. A sewage treatment
plant of a total treatment capacity of 120 MLD is proposed to be developed in a phased
manner. Extensive IEC campaigns shall have to be taken up to motivate the people for
Ministry of Urban Development
[77] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
taking house connection and stop using soak pits. The total project proposal cost is Rs.
5272.14 lakhs.
Under the National Lake Conservation Plan (NLCP), Rs. 41.50 crore has been sanctioned and project is started on 11
th April 2013 for lake conservation.
Source: 1st generation CDP
The table below provides a comparison of the status of service level noted at the time of 1st
generation CDP and now . It provides an overview of service level across various indicators.
Table 7-13: Present Status
Indicator Benchmark Status at the time of preparation of 1
st
generation CDP (2006-07)
Present Status (2012-13)
Coverage of toilets (%) 100 % 42% 91%
Coverage of sewerage network system (%)
100% - 13%
Efficiency in collection of sewage (%)
100% 4.8% 19%
Adequacy of capacity for treatment of sewage (%)
100% Not available a waste water recycling plant of 20 MLD recently started
operation
Quality of treatment (%) 100% No treatment a waste water recycling plant of 20 MLD recently started
operation
Efficiency in redressal of customer complaints
80% Not available 80%
Extent of cost recovery in sewage management (%)
90% Not available Not available
Efficiency in collection of sewage charges
20% Not available Not available
Source: 1st generation CDP, and UMC
A comparison based on today‟s situation reflects the following changes across the following
parameters:
Coverage of toilets and sewerage network system increased from 42% to 91%
Efficiency in collection of sewage
Efficiency in redressal of customer complaints
Operationalisatio of waste water recycling plant
However, there is no improvement in areas such as extent of cost recovery, and efficiency in the
collection of sewage charges.
7.2.4 Institutional Framework for Sewerage and Sanitation System
As per the Rajasthan Municipal Act, provisioning of sewerage services in the city is the responsibility
of UMC. However, UIT and PHED also play important role in service provisioning. The PHED has
Ministry of Urban Development
[78] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
designed and implemented first sewerage project. UIT is still designing and implementing new
sewerage and sanitation projects for city. UIT is implementing the sewerage project taken up under
NLCP.
The function of operation and maintenance of sewerage system is transferred to UMC. UMC does not
have adequate technical know-how and staff for operating and maintenance of the system. A
separate department is to be defined under UMC for managing the function. PHED continues to levy
and collect user charge for sewerage. 33% of the water charge is collected as sewer charge. The
collected charges are not transferred to UMC. Such coordination and capacity limitation of institution
affects the delivery of sewerage services in the city.
7.2.5 Key Issues
Absence of planned underground sewerage network in the city
Existing sewerage system in the old city area is defunct and needs refurbishment
Fragmentation of responsibilities between UMC, UIT and PHED
Technical and coordination issues in operation and maintenance of the existing system
Lack of technical staff at UMC for maintaining the sewerage system
As per PHED, no new sewerage connections are issued after year 2010.
PHED charges 33 per cent of water user charges as a sewerage charges however collection
of the same is not transferred to UMC.
There is no citizen charter system been defined and implemented.
7.3 Solid Waste Management
The Public Health Department of UMC is responsible for SWM services along with other key health
related services like cleaning of drains, issue of trade licences, food safety concerns, and spraying of
insecticides. The department is headed by the medical officer, who is assisted by an assistant medical
officer, sanitary supervisors, sanitary inspectors, and public health workers.
This section presents a detailed assessment of the existing SWM system, which includes the waste
generation, collection, transportation, and treatment facility. Further, the section highlights key issues
in the SWM sector.
Figure 7-5 Existing SWM system
Ministry of Urban Development
[79] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
7.3.1 Existing Solid Waste Management System
a) Solid Waste Generation
The city at present generates about 405 MT of waste per day at an average rate of 0.89 kg per capita
per day. UMC is responsible for the collection, transportation, and safe disposal of solid waste within
the UMC jurisdiction except biomedical waste.
b) Type of Waste
Generated waste includes all kind of waste geenrated from different sources such as residential,
commercial, institutional, and markets. Around 50% of the population stores waste at source, while
the rest throws waste on streets and open spaces. There is an absence of waste segregation
practices in the city.
c) Street Sweeping
Street sweeping in Udaipur is carried out by 1605 sweepers; of this, around 715 sweepers are
permanent, while the rest are hired on a contract basis. Tools used for street sweeping include
brooms, handcarts, and Surpi etc. 70% of the streets are swept on a daily basis; 20%, on alternate
days; and the rest, once in a week. The minimum road length covered by sweepers is 100 to 200 m.
Street sweeping is carried out during morning (6 am to 10 am) and evening hours (2 pm to 5 pm).
Street sweeping is carried out on all days except on Wednesday and Sunday (half day).
d) Solid Waste Collection and Transportation System
Primary waste collection is done through door-to-door waste
collection and street sweeping. Door-to-door waste collection
facility is provided in some areas of the city. Around 43% of
the population is covered for waste collection. Of the total
waste generated in the city per day, only 50% is collected.
UMC has hired 40 contractors for street cleaning and door-to-
door garbage collection. Contractors have been hired for 29
out of 55 wards in the city, while waste collection in rest of the
wards is managed by UMC. Approximately 39,062 households
are served with door-to-door waste, with a coverage of nearly
43% of total properties in the city.
There are 23 waste stands and 223 dustbins in the city with a total capacity of approximately 200 MT.
The average distance between two bins is 500 m and the bin to population ratio is 1 bin per 1000
population. The frequency of cleaning the bins varies from daily (25%), alternate days (25%), and
twice in a week (50%) depending on the area. This indicates that UMC doesn‟t have sufficient number
of vehicles for daily secondary waste collection.
Around 200 MT waste is transported daily. The vehicles used by UMC for waste transportation include
14 dumpers, 1 tricycle, 3 mini lorries, 9 trucks, 4 tractor trailers, and 500 handcarts. Per day, 4 trips
are made by trucks and lorries for waste disposal. Total 42 drivers are deployed for the waste
transportation activity, which is sufficient considering the amount of waste generated.
e) Processing, Disposal System, and Landfill site
Presently, there is no waste processing facility. Waste is dumped at Titri and Savina Kheda trenching
ground, which is approximately 15 km away from the city.
f) SWM – User Charges
Ministry of Urban Development
[80] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Udaipur doesn‟t levy user charges for SWM services. A Samekit kar is collected along with urban
development tax which is not adequate to manage operation and maintenance of SWM services.
g) SWM – Operation and Maintenance Cost Recovery
The SWM operating cost per MT waste is Rs. 790. The sanctioned budget for SWM services for the
year 2012-2013 was Rs. 20 crores; however, the total operation and maintenance cost exceeded the
sanctioned amount.
h) Service-Level Indicators
Table 7-14: Service-Level Indicators
Indicator Benchmark Service level (2011-12)
Household-level coverage of SWM services through door-to-door collection of waste
100% 40%
Waste collection efficiency 100% 50%
Extent of waste segregation 100% Nil
Extent of recovery of waste collected 80% Nil
Extent of scientific disposal of waste at landfill sites
100% Nil
Extent of cost recovery for the ULB in SWM services
100% Nil
Efficiency in collection of SWM charges 90% Nil
Efficiency in redressal of customer complaints 80% 70%
Source: 1st generation CDP, and UMC
7.3.2 Future Solid Waste Generation
Based on projected population, estimated waste generation by 2041 will be 820 MT @ 0.9 kg per
capita per day.
7.3.3 Critical Analysis of Solid Waste Management Systems: Post – 1st
Generation CDP Scenario
Key Features of Solid Waste Management System as per 1st
Generation CDP
Generation Around 160 MT of solid waste was generated .
As per UMC, 120 MT of waste was being collected and disposed off
daily.
Waste was being collected and transported in open vehicles.
Primary collection of waste was done while street sweeping.
Absence of door-to-door collection system in Udaipur except for a few
colonies. Only 0.5% of the total population was served by house-to-
house collection through a private contractor or the NGO Astha.
Segregation Waste was not segregated.
Treatment Plant Waste was being dumped in a crude manner at Titri. Waste treatment and disposal facilities were not developed.
Ministry of Urban Development
[81] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Use Charges No user charges were levied for SWM
Key Observations The discussion with various stakeholders identified the following challenges in the sector.
Institutional weakness
Unavailability of skilled manpower for design, implementation, and
maintenance of the SWM facility
Lack of adequate waste transportation facilities
No designated site for waste disposal and no scientific waste disposal
methods adopted
Poor public participation and cooperation, waste thrown in streets and
drains
An investment plan to improve solid waste management is collection, segregation and secondary
storage, transportation, treatment (palatization plant) and other IEC activities was proposed for an
investment of Rs. 12 crore. However, no detailed project report has been prepared due to lack in
technical knowhow.
Source: 1st generation CDP
The table below provides a comparison of how the service level has changed since preparation of
1stgeneration CDP (2006-07). It provides an overview of the service level across various indicators.
Other than household coverage there is minimal improvement in SWM system.
Table 7-15: Changes over the last few years
Indicator Benchmark Status at the time of preparation of 1
st
generation CDP (2006-07)
Present Status (2012-
13)
Household-level coverage of SWM services through door-to-door collection of waste
100% 0.5% 43%
Waste collection efficiency 100% 60% 50%
Extent of waste segregation 100% Nil Nil
Extent of recovery of waste collected
80% Nil Nil
Extent of scientific disposal of waste at landfill sites
100% Nil Nil
Extent of cost recovery for the ULB in SWM services
100% Nil Nil
Efficiency in collection of SWM charges
90% Nil Nil
Efficiency in redressal of customer complaints
80% Nil 70%
Source: 1st generation CDP, and UMC
7.3.4 Institutional Framework for SWM
SWM is being managed at three levels (central, state, and ULB). Lack of coordination and follow up
between these institutions is a matter of concern.
Ministry of Urban Development
[82] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Level/Institution Responsibility
Central level
Ministry of Urban Development
Ministry of Environment and Forest
Recommendations for amendments in acts and
rules/regulations and byelaws of the ULBs,
implementation of centrally sponsored schemes, and
inspection and monitoring
State level
Department of Urban Development
Rajasthan State Pollution Control Board
Plan a comprehensive programme for prevention,
control, and abatement of pollution
Local level
Udaipur Municipal Corporation – Health
and Sanitation Department
Collection, transportation, and disposal of waste
Private operators Door-to-door collection of solid waste collection
There is no separate department for SWM service management. The health department manages the
SWM function. The health department in UMC has a Health Officer, a Chief Health Inspector, sanitary
inspectors, and 953 Jamadars/sweepers. The 40 contractors hired by UMC have employed 4,700
sweepers.
7.3.5 Key Issues
Inadequate coverage of door-to-door waste collection facilities and lack of adequate waste
transportation facilities
Absence of waste segregation, waste processing, and scientific waste disposal facilities
UMC doesn‟t have a separate department for sanitation and SWM services. Existing staff
doesn‟t have skills for planning and implementing large SWM project. There is no dedicated
and distinguished staff for SWM functions.
This service is not properly performed, resulting in problems of health, sanitation and
environmental degradation.
Lack of financial resources, and institutional weakness
Poor public participation and awareness of citizes for waste management are the major
factors affecting MSW management in Udaipur
7.4 Storm Water Drainage
Detailed assessment of existing SWD systems includes assessment of existing drainage network,
water logging areas and existing institutional arrangement. The same has been presented here.
7.4.1 Existing Drainage System
The Ayad River and its tributaries drain Udaipur city. The Kotra river, one of the biggest tributaries of
Ayad, commands an extensive catchment area in the south western part of the city. Most of the
rainwater in Kotra river pour into Pichola Lake and enter the Ayad river through Swaroop Sagar Lake
and Gumania drain. In general, undulating topography and existence of number of water bodies helps
the storm water to drain and no major water logging issues are observed.
Most of the existing city roads have lined drains alongside, and most part of the area runoff is
discharged into the Ayad river. The city is generally free from prolonged drainage congestion, except
Ministry of Urban Development
[83] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
in few places identified as problematic areas. Main drains leading to storm water are irregular and
mostly unlined. Vents of the cross drainage works are choked most of the time and not functioning
properly, resulting in sluggish flow. Moreover, service pipes in many places crossing through drains
also impede the flow. Drains are full of weeds, vegetation, silt, and rubbish. Drains are insufficient to
carry runoff during storm resulting flooding of adjacent roads and colonies. These drains carry runoff
as well as domestic wastewater from the city. Ultimately, these drains lead storm water and waste to
the Ayad river through agricultural lands with no definite alignment.
The total drain length is 1,289 km, covering 80% of the total road length in the city. Primary drains are
176.69 km long; secondary, 439.50 km; and tertiary, 665.26 km.
7.4.2 Operation and Maintenance of Storm Water Drainage
The storm water drainage system is managed by the Engineering Department of UMC. The
department has 26 staff members to manage the drainage system, of which 1 is the technical head
and the rest are class IV employees. New projects for laying drains in the city are identified by ward
committees or elected representatives or from customer complaints while planning for a new road
network. Funding for the drainage project is raised from UMC‟s own budget.
7.4.3 Critical Analysis of Drainage System: Post – 1st Generation CDP
Scenario
Key Features of Storm Water Drainage System as per 1st
Generation CDP
Network coverage Length of primary drains is 31 km, while length of secondary drains is 1000 km.
The existing major drains are mostly irregular and unlined.
The drains are full of weeds, vegetation, silt, and rubbish.
Key Observations The discussion with various stakeholders identified the following challenges in the sector:
Haphazard expansion of the settlement
Drains encroached by illegal construction, and solid waste thrown waste into drains blocks flow of water
High siltation
Poor motivation, lack of regulation, and poor public awareness
An investment plan to improve storm water drainage covering various aspects including construction of new drains, improvement of existing drains, and Ayad river development project was proposed for Rs. 66.79 crore.
Source: 1st generation CDP
The table below provides a comparison of how service level has changed since the preparation of 1st
generation CDP (2006-07) to now. It provides an overview of service-level indicators.
Table 7-16: Post – 1st
Generation CDP Scenario
Indicator Benchmark Status at the time of preparation of 1
st
generation CDP (2006-07)
Present Status (2012-13)
Coverage of storm water drainage network
100% Not available 80.84%
Ministry of Urban Development
[84] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Aggregate number of incidents of water logging reported in a year
0 times Not available 10
Proportion of roads with pucca drains
Not available 69.70 of road length in the city
Source: 1st generation CDP, and Report – Rapid Baseline Assessment – Udaipur City, City level interim report,
October 2013
Due to the absence of information on coverage of storm waste drainage and aggregate number of
incidents of water logging in the 1st generation CDP, it is not possible to tap changes over the last few
years.
7.4.4 Key Issues
Inadequate or no drainage facilities in many areas
Inadequate and irregular maintenance of existing storm water drains.
Most of the drains in the city is in dilapidated condition and/or choked due to silting.
A comprehensive plan for repair, revamping and de-silting of drains is required.
Lack of motivation and public awareness
Ministry of Urban Development
[85] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
8. Traffic and Transportation System
Transport infrastructure forms the backbone of economy. It plays a very significant role in growth and
development of city. It is major factor, besides others, for spatial growth of the city. A well-developed
transport infrastructure provides increased accessibility to various areas of a city and opens up
remote areas on the periphery of the city, which is necessary from the point of future development
and orderly growth of any town. The objective of studying transport sector is to analyze its role in the
context of present scenario and thereby identify its strengths and weaknesses.
8.1 Existing Road Infrastructure
Udaipur city has ring radianl model with linear growth system along corridors. The road network
system within the city center and in periphery of the city center has a curvilinear road network. The
city is well connected by national and state highways. National Highway (NH) -76, NH-76A and NH-8
pass through the city. National Highway Authority of India and Ministry of Road and Transport are
responsible for maintenance of NH. State PWD department is responsible for maintenance of the
state highways and major district roads that pass through the city. Role of UMC is to maintain urban
roads within the limits of Municipal Corporation.
8.1.1 Road Hierarchy System in the City
Total road length in the city is 1585 km. More than 85% roads are bituminous roads. Water-bound
macadam roads are present in certain parts of the old city and cement concrete roads have been
constructed in slum areas. Only 1%of roads are un-surfaced roads in the city. Udaipur has 11 arterial
roads covering 84.17 km length. Most arterials form regional linkages to neighbouring major cities and
towns.
There are 26 sub-arterial roads connect the major residential areas to commercial and other areas of
the city. Most sub-arterials are undivided, except a few that connects major junctions. About 3%of
road length has over 35 meter right of way (ROW), 18%has ROW of 25 meter to 35 meter, 56% has
ROW between 10.1 M to 25 M and rest 23% roads have ROW below 25 M. Following table provide
the length and width of the various roads in the city.
Table 8-1 Distribution of road network in Udaipur city
Road category Length (km) Width of the
roads (m)
% to total
Arterial Roads (National Highway, State Highways) 44 30- 50 4%
Sub Arterial Roads (District Roads, and other Major Roads 175 20 to 25 16%
Collector roads 200 15 18%
Other roads 685 10 62%
Total length of the Roads 1585 100%
Ministry of Urban Development
[86] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Major road in the city include NH road which passes through the city and carries the large volume of
vehicular movement. Other major roads include Hathi pol, Suraj pol, road leading to Delhi gate
chauraha, Udai pol chauraha, and Chetak circle. These roads connect to the various parts of the city
and have high vehicular movement. Most of these roads caters intra and inter city traffic. Most of the
roads are having black top surface types having bituminous wearing coat, all major roads are covered
under this. Water bound macadam roads exist only in certain parts of the old city area while cement
concrete roads exists in slum areas.
8.1.2 Important Junctions
There are several rotary intersections in the city that
provide one way circulatory system around a central
island. These intersections provide high capacity, cause
little delay in off peak hours, result in orderly movement
and require little maintenance. Cycle and animal drawn
vehicle create problems on large rotary intersections.
There are large number of road junctions and rotary
intersections where encroachment, informal activities
cause disruption of traffic inside the city. These rotary
intersections are developed and maintained by different
authorities.
Ministry of Urban Development
[87] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Many intersections of city roads have control system with traffic lights. Regulation and phasing of
traffic signals is however unplanned and not in proportion to the requirements of approaching traffic.
Absence of planned traffic system in the city has led to traffic problems and high probability of
accidents. Footpaths are being curtailed indiscriminately for road widening. This makes pedestrian
unsafe. Moreover encroachment and ill planned location of hand-pumps, electricity poles, and
transformers also results into frequent accidents besides adversely affecting the aesthetic look.
Following crossings of the city roads have traffic signal:
Surajpol Chauraha
Delhi Gate
Chetak Circle
Court Choraha
Paras Cinema Chauraha
Salumber Chauraha
Pratap Nagar Chauraha
Street lights
The Electrical Department of UMC manages street lights in the city. Since, last 12 years UMC has
hired private agencies for operation and maintenance of street lights. Eleven contractors have been
hired for 55 wards. Per month approximately Rs. 12.5 lakh is paid for maintenance of street lights by
UMC. The new projects are being financed from own budget of UMC.
There are 28,246 street lights in the city, over a road length of 1585 km. The average spacing
between street light is 56.11 meter which exceeds the standard norm of 30 meter. 63 percent roads in
the city don‟t have any street lighting facility. There is a need for installing new street lights for
adequate illumination on roads.
Table 8-2: Number of Street Lights
Types of lamps Total number installed
High Mast Lamps 16
Sodium Vapour Lamps 7653
Tube lights 18657
Others (energy savers) 1920
Total 28246
Source: UMC
8.1.3 Bridges, Flyovers and Interchanges
At present there are no bridges and flyovers in the city. However, there are seven under passes in
the city. All these underpasses seem to be constructed with narrow openings are proving to be highly
inadequate and looking at the pace of development happening in Udaipur these would require
capacity augmentation in near future. Location of underpasses is as follows:
Udiyapol
RCA Hostel
Sikh Colony
Sewashram Choraha
Ministry of Urban Development
[88] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
HiranMagri Sector-11
Eklingpura
Debari village
Pedestrian movements
There is an absence of organized pedestrian facilities/footpaths in the city. However there is a
provision of footpaths on newly constructed roads. Large volume of pedestrian are found at Surajpole
chauraha followed by Delhi gate chauraha, Pratap nagar chauraha and Udaipol chauraha (as per low
carbon mobility study report). There is a need for improvement in pedestrian crossing facilities at
these locations.
8.1.4 NMT Facilities
City lacks an organized public transport system and non motorized transport infrastructure. Only 3%
of all trips in Udaipur are being made using public transport whereas private vehicles are used for
51% of total trips.
Footpaths are found on only 4% of road network, compelling pedestrians to compete with motorized
vehicles for road space. As a result NMT users are vulnerable, around 50 percent of accidents victims
are NMT users.
8.1.5 Issues and Key Challenges
Underdeveloped road network: Old city doesn‟t have well developed road network, these
roads are extremely narrow and in zigzag pattern. Irregular development of city has resulted
in roads being constructed in unplanned fashion, and incomplete links to major roads.
Over used carrying capacity of roads: Large number of roads is already operating beyond
their carrying capacity.
Improper junction design: Junction development has taken place in very irregular fashion.
Majority of junctions have not been designed properly, adding to congestion and incidences of
accidents.
Encroachment by shops: Encroachment of roads and footpaths has come across as a
major problem in smooth flow of traffic. People have encroached upon ROW by construction
of various types of structures.
Pedestrian system: Absence of safe and comprehensive system of pathways exposing
pedestrians to risks.
8.2 Existing Traffic and Transportation System
8.2.1 Traffic Volume
Number of registered vehicles in Udaipur has increased from 1,60,431 in 2004-05 to 3,39,594 in
2011-12. As seen from the graph above, number of registered vehicles have increased from 2004-
2005 to 2011-2012. 2 wheelers constitute 90%of total registered vehicles. Car constitutes 9%while
buses constitute only 1%. Delhi gate, Udia pol chauraha, Chetak circle, Suraj pol and Pratap nagar
chauraha are having heavy traffic. Pratap nagar chauraha holds the traffic of buses, and trucks going
to Chittorgarh, Bhilwara and Jaipur. It is also the connecting route of the Dabok airport to the city.
Moreover traffic from Madari industrial area worsens and messes up the condition. Delhi gate
Ministry of Urban Development
[89] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
connects major commercial areas like Bapu bazaar, Ashwini market with court circle, Shastri circle,
and Suraj pol lead to a heavy traffic situation on this through ought the day.
Figure 8-1 Vehicular registration growth
8.2.2 Modes of Transport
Major modes of transportation include shared auto
taxi, mini buses operated by private transporters,
RSRTC buses, auto rickshaws and private cars,
two wheelers. Share of two wheelers is more
among private vehicles like any other city in India
Ministry of Urban Development
[90] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
8.2.3 Existing Transportation Infrastructure
Public transport in Udaipur is composed of a limited supply of city bus service which is managed by
Udaipur City Transport Services Limited, company formed by UMC. Currently city bus service is
plying along 5 routes. There is large supply of tempos and auto rickshaws. Although tempos and auto
rickshaws belong to intermediate public transport, they operate under fixed route and fixed fare
mechanism and thus providing service of public transport.
Table 8-3: Details of Public Transport facilities - Udaipur
Route no. Origin Destination Route length (km) Bus tops (No.)
1 Amabmata Badgaon 18 25
2 Rampura Dabok 14 23
3 Amberi Balicha 14 22
4 Chetak circle Matoon 18 28
5 T.B.Hosp. Gitanjili Hosp. 25 35
Source: UMC
Absence of robust public transport system in the city has paved the way for intermediate public
transport. Despite being permitted, mini buses don‟t operate within the city due to lack of profitability.
Instead, they operate from Udaipur to peripheral towns. People usually rely on shared auto rickshaws
for point to point journeys. Presently, there is 6313 auto rickshaws (on area permit basis) and another
2637 tempos ply on 27 designated routes.
Numerous private buses operate from Udaipur for short as well as long distance travel. Currently, an
authorized private bus terminal doesn‟t exist. Therefore, private buses operate from on street facilities
near Udaipol, Surajpol and Delhi gate junctions. Route wise distribution of RSRTC bus movement
from Udaipur is as follows:
26 percent towards Jaipur/ Ajmer, along NH-8
25 percent towards Chittorgarh/ Kota, along NH-76
20 percent towards Ahmedabad, along NH-8
13 percent towards Mt. Abu
11 percent towards Banswara
5 percent towards Jharol
Travel Speed
Average journey speed was found to be 38 kmph. In bottleneck points such as old city area, bapu
bazaar, ashwani market, area near pratap nagar journey speed is as low as less than 10 kmph. 4
percent of road network has a journey speed of less than 20 kmph, 13 percent of total road network is
between 21 to 30 kmph, 21 percent of road network has the journey speed between 31-35 kmph,
while about 62 percent of road network has journey speed more than 35 kmph during peak hour.
8.2.4 Parking Facilities
On street parking exists along 33% of road network. Existing parking system of Udaipur is
decentralized, unmanaged and largely dysfunctional. Parking is dominated by a large number of small
parking lots. Many of these facilities are generally poorly maintained and lack basic infrastructure.
Haphazard street parking in major markets reduces the traffic carrying capacity of roads. Walled city
area has major parking problems. The tendency in Udaipur is of commercialization along main roads.
Ministry of Urban Development
[91] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
It led to an increase in parking demand along these roads
which in turn reduced the effective carriage way. Most of the
commercial areas don‟t provide parking space hence vehicles
are parked on roads thereby obstructing road traffic. This result
in traffic bottlenecks especially in peak hours causing economic
loss.Only 9% of road network has traffic signage, while 91% of
road network does not have any signage.
8.2.5 Safety and Traffic Management
Measures
Road safety in Udaipur has become a major concern due to rapid urban development and increased
traffic. Major accident prone zone are; Delhi gate to Nehru bazaar, Parastirahe mod, Shakti nagar
corner, Macchi cut from Bapu bazaar to Surajpole, Mewar motors gali mod, Hathipole, Teen
khambhagali and Jagdishchowk marg.
Various safety and traffic management measures include:
To improve transport system
Take safety measures at the busiest traffic areas and to bring down death rate by reducing
accident prone areas
Setting up CCTV cameras at busy spots, all major junctions to keep a vigil on violation of
traffic rules
Frequent checks to de-road the polluting vehicles
Tracking three wheelers operating without permits
Removing blind curves and
Penalizing overloading
Marking of yellow band, Zebra crossing and other markings
To create awareness
Clamping of illegally parked vehicles, which will be released after the offenders pay
prescribed penal charges
8.2.6 Issues and Key Challenges
Lack of parking space at commercial, institutional and tourist areas: Large number of
parking lots is encroached by informal activities and is also being used as solid waste dumps.
Commercial areas in high density zones of the city don‟t have adequate parking facilities
resulting in spillovers to streets, thus adversely affecting through traffic.
Absence of mass transportation: Lack of good and public transport system in the city.
Mainly 3 modes namely private bus, auto rickshaws, and shared auto cater the needs of
people. Mini buses run by private operators don‟t have any fixed schedule and are not
reliable. Shared autos have well defined spots for loading and off loading passengers and in
order to maximize profit they usually carry more passenger than their capacity.
Vehicle growth: Rapid growth of vehicles is observed in the city and in absence of good
mass public transportation system, it has increased exponentially.
Ministry of Urban Development
[92] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
8.3 Review of Institutional and Investments
8.3.1 Review of Institutional System
Urban transport sector is managed by UMC, UIT and PWD within UMC and UIT area. Engineering
department of UMC looks after of roads and transportation related works and projects. Road projects
in the city including small patch construction or repairs of interior roads are undertaken by UMC.
These areas are identified through general inspections by the assistant engineers, complaints or
requests from public thorough toll-free numbers or applications, or suggestions of local groups, and
elected representatives etc. PWD also constructs some major roads in the city. An office order was
issued by the District Collector in 2009 which demarcated the lengths and areas of major roads to be
maintained by UIT, PWD and UMC for avoiding overlapping and conflicts among agencies.
UIT is also carrying out road construction, maintenance and management related works. Engineering
and Technical branch of UIT looks after of all technical works related to development.
Public Works Department (PWD) is mainly entrusted with construction and maintenance of roads,
bridges and govt. Buildings. The department also act as Technical Advisor to the State Government in
these matters. PWD Rajasthan has eight zonal offices, each is placed under control of an Additional
Chief Engineer (ACE) having three to five circles each headed by a Superintending Engineer (SE)
and each circle comprises of three to four divisions which are mainly responsible for execution of
works. A Division, headed by an Executive Engineer, is further divided in four to five Sub-Divisions.
The zonal office controls and allocates budget for various heads.
Zonal office is the head of the field office organization and reports to the Chief Engineers of respective
field. Circle office controls and monitors works executed by the division office as well as other
responsibilities of the department. The various information and circulars go through circle office to
division offices. The circle office reports to zonal office. Most of the Executive Engineers are
responsible for both construction as well as maintenance works within the jurisdiction of divisions.
Executive Engineer is the executive head of the works and major activity of the tendering process is
done by the Executive Engineer. The works are supervised by him through Assistant Engineers and
Junior Engineers. All the information regarding works/execution is available at division.
8.3.2 Budgetary and Expenditures
There is no separate head for roads and transportation related works in UMC. It is mainly covered
under public repairs and development department. Capital expenditure under the same during last
five years is as below:
Details Years (Rs. Lakh)
2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13
Public repairs and development dept.
859.79 728.98 142.48 358.80 181.37
Expenditure on operation and maintenance
646.71 572.07 185.65 521.22 245.14
Proposed budget for public development works for the year of 2014-15 is Rs.785 lakh in UMC.
Proposed works are;
Construction of roads: Proposed capital expenses: Rs. 400 lac
Ministry of Urban Development
[93] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Construction of roads in kacchi basti: Proposed capital expenses: Rs. 50 lac
Compensation for development work: Proposed capital expenses: Rs. 20 lac
As per the Master Plan 2031, one bypass road from village Debari to village Gudli which meets to
National Highway 9 is proposed. There are other proposals of road widening, establishment of bus
stands at 6 major locations in the city. There is also a proposal to for Fly over at Eklingpura Junction,
and Expression of Interest (EOI) is invited by UIT for the preparation of DPR.
8.4 Analysis of post – 1st Generation CDP Scenario
Key Features of Traffic and Transportation as per 1st
Generation CDP
Regional road network Delhi – Mumbai (NH-8)
Chittorgarh – NH-76
Road length Total road length in Udaipur is about 822 km, of this total road length maintained by PWD is 116.60 km while UIT and Municipality have a total of 7000 km road network under their jurisdiction.
11 arterial roads: 84.17 km length
26 sub arterial roads connects major residential areas to
commercial, and public /institutional areas of the city
Type of roads Most of the roads are black top roads
Vehicle growth and composition
Share of two wheelers is 33 percent followed by cars. Buses and IPT shares 17 and 15 percent respectively.
Truck terminals and stands
3 truck terminals are located in the city; however they are not completely developed.
Bus stands and Bus stops
At present Rajasthan roadways bus stand is located in Udaipol. This is a high density traffic corridor of Udaipur.
Taxi, Pvt. Bus stands Absence of planned taxi and bus stands due to which private bus operators are more in the city.
Auto rickshaw stands Total 82 auto rickshaw stands in Udaipur as identified by traffic police. It has a capacity to accommodate 558 three wheeler.
Shared Auto Taxi stands Identified and located certain stoppages for shared auto taxi.
Parking Existing parking system of Udaipur is decentralized, unmanaged, and largely dysfunctional. Parking is dominated by a large number of small parking lots.
Key challenges Major challenges identified include;
Under developed road network
Overused carrying capacity of roads
Lack of parking space at commercial, institutional and tourist
areas
Lack of mass transit modes in the city
Heavy traffic flow from city centre resulting in frequent
congestion
Improper design of turn abouts/junctions; junctions have
become major accident zones
Proper O&M of existing street lights is required
Ministry of Urban Development
[94] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
An investment plan to improve traffic and transportation scenario in the city include specific road
projects, parking projects, transport facilities (bus terminals, bus stops), and construction of missing
link of roads. An investment of Rs. 93.04 crore covering mentioned aspects is proposed in the
CDP. However basic services have given priority. Need to prepare comprehensive plan proposal.
Source: 1st generation CDP
Table below provides a comparison of how the service level has changed since the preparation of 1st
generation CDP (2006-07) and revision of CDP (2013-14). It provides an overview of service level
across various indicators.
Table 8-4: Post – 1st
generation CDP Scenario
Indicator Status at the time of preparation of 1
st generation CDP (2006-07)
Present Status (2012-13)
Number of bus depots One bus stand 1
Per capita road length Not available 16.99 sqmt
Proportion of surfaced roads 85 percent 90 percent
O&M cost per km of road Not available Rs.5,595
Source: 1st generation CDP, and UMC
Study conducted - Low Carbon Comprehensive Mobility Plan for Udaipur14
Udaipur was selected as a case study for preparing Low Carbon Comprehensive Mobility Plan by
UNEP. Study area is about 347.91 sqkm and having a population of 637,717 (2011 census).
A comparison based on today‟s situation reflects that city has improved in transportation system
during last few years however decongestion still needs to be implemented. A low carbon
comprehensive mobility plan for Udaipur is being prepared. It will be mobility plan that provides
roadmap for infrastructure development options and investment requirement to provide a desirable
level of mobility and accessibility while minimizing carbon emissions. Vision and Objectives of the plan
include;
Low carbon comprehensive mobility plan for Udaipur
Vision
The Mobility vision for Udaipur city is to “Provide safe, efficient and environmentally sustainable
means of transportation system for improved mobility and accessibility of people and goods across
gender and heterogeneous socio-economic groups”.
Objectives
To provide long term strategy, which ensures desirable mobility, safety and accessibility to people
across gender and socio-economic groups while reducing carbon emission? Sustainable mobility can
only be ensured if the solutions are environmentally, socially and economically sustainable.
Table 8-5: Udaipur Current situation
Indicators/ Values Base Year
14
http://www.unep.org/Transport/lowcarbon/Pdf%27s/udaipur_lct_mobility.pdf
Ministry of Urban Development
[95] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Mobility and Accessibility
Modal share in percent 25
Modal share of walk 3
Modal share of cycle 48
Modal share of two wheeler 18
Modal share of IPT 3
Modal share of Car 3
Modal share of public transport 3
Trip length (km)
Walk 1.18
Cycle 2.37
Two wheeler 5.54
IPT 4.52
Car 7.06
PT -
Accessibility
% of households within 10 minutes of walking to access PT (IPT for base year)
69
LOS of PT facilities as per MoUD SLB handbook 4
Land use Mix intensity
Increase in the percent of infra – zonal trips as compared to Base year (Base year value is 19 percent)
-
Safety to use NMT (user per)
Walk 7.50
Cycle 7
Total motorized vehicle km (thousand km) 880489
LOS of NMT facilities as per MoUD SLB handbook 4
Source: http://www.unep.org/Transport/lowcarbon/Pdf%27s/udaipur_lct_mobility.pdf
Recommendations and Suggestions given under Low Carbon Mobility Plan
Urban Mobility Plan
a) Integrated Land use Transport Plan:
Proposed scheme for Udaipur are:
Increase in area under commercial (retail), education and recreational such as parks by 40
percent.
Increase in residential density along public transport corridor by 3 times of existing gross
density.
Provision of NMT friendly neighbourhood (development of pedestrian crossing facilities).
b) Road Network Improvement Plan: The low carbon mobility plan has suggested of road network
for overall enhancement of connectivity. Following aspects are covered:
Ministry of Urban Development
[96] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Completion of bypass roads (in accordance with Udaipur Master Plan)
Widening of roads (in accordance with Udaipur Master Plan)
Development of Road Hierarchy system
c) Public Transport Improvement Plan: Restructuring of IPT particularly 8 seater tempo through
route rationalization and adoption of strategies for sustainable City Bus Service, Introduction of
Public transport along 8 routes with coverage of 178 km and headway of 5 min along trunk routes
and headway of 15 min along feeder routes, improvement and development of adequate
infrastructure for promotion of public transport and multi-modal integration and implementation of
ITS for improving reliability of public transport.
d) Non-Motorised Transport Improvement Plan: Provision of infrastructural facilities for NMT users to
provide safe NMT movement, to increase the public transport modal share and to increase share
of NMT trips in total. Various measures has been suggested such as development of differently
abled friendly footpaths, development of pedestrian crossing signals at 19 important intersections,
improvement of old footpaths, development of cycle tracks, introduction of bike sharing scheme
and provision of road markings, signage, and street lighting facilities among others..
Ministry of Urban Development
[97] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
9. Housing and Urban Poverty
9.1 Overall Housing Scenario in the City
The city is characterized by low, medium and high density housing in the core city and low rise,
moderate dense housing in peripheral areas. City has witnessed boost in development of multi rise
residential and commercial structures during last few years.
9.1.1 Present availability of Housing Stock
City level housing stock data for 2011 is still awaited, hence not presented here. However 2001
census data is available as shown in table below.
Table 9-1: Details of housing stock in Udaipur city - 2001
Description 2001 census
Census houses 102292
Vacant houses 9371
Occupied houses 92921
Source: Census of India 2001
District Housing Stock details
In urban areas of the district, total 1.21 lakh census houses are noted. Of total houses, 77 per cent
houses are in good condition, followed by dilapidated housing stock.
9.1.2 Quality of Housing Stock
The quality of housing stock for residential and residential cum other use category has been analysed
for 2011 for district urban. As per census 2011, district has 96% census houses under residence while
rest 4 is under residence cum other use.
9.1.3 Housing requirement as per the future Projected Population
As per Master Plan, 2031, 54% of the area has been earmarked for residential use. This indicates
that additional 25558 acre of area would require for the residential and mixed uses.
In order to estimate the housing stock requirement for the next three decades, we have adopted the
following assumptions. The assumptions are as follows:
Population projections as finalized in demography section
Household size is considered as 5 over the next three decades
Based on the above assumptions, city will have 1.76 lakhs houses by the end of 2041. It indicates
that city would require additional 0.74 lakhs houses by the end of 2041. Following table provide the
assumptions and housing requirement in the city for next three decades.
Ministry of Urban Development
[98] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Table 9-2: Projected housing stock in the city
Year 2001 2011 2021 2031 2041
Population / Projected (in lakhs) 3.89 4.51 5.94 7.25 8.81
Household size 5 5 5 5 5
Total houses (in lakhs) 0.78 0.90 1.19 1.45 1.76
Source: CRIS analysis
9.1.4 Housing in Inner city, Unplanned areas, Urban Villages and
Unauthorized Colonies
The city developed towards east, south east and north east.
Housing in the old Udaipur area is predominantly vernacular
in nature with low rise and inters connected structures. It
has a typical architecture and a Rajasthani style. These
houses are converted into hotels and guesthouses for
tourism purpose.
In new city area, houses are mainly low rise and having a
bungalow typology (individual houses). The fringe areas and
newly merged areas are classified as urban villages.
Medium to High-rise residential projects are coming up in
these areas.
The unauthorised areas have dilapidated housing with semi-permanent and temporary structures.
The notified slums could be categorised as unauthorised colonies. The roof material of the houses is
tiled or thatched.
9.1.5 Overview of growing Housing sector in the town
As per discussions with various officials, majority of the new housing layouts coming up along
Chittorgadh road, Ahmedabad road, Gogunda road, Nathdwara road, Goverdhan Sagar Lake, area.
Economic development and other factors required for housing development has led to the
development of housing projects in these areas.
As per Master Plan 2031, for any new residential development density is fixed in order to promote the
controlled development.
Lowest Density: 25 – 40 persons per acre
Low Density: 40 – 80 persons per acre
Medium Density: 80 – 120 persons per acre
High Density: More than 120 persons per acre
9.2 Urban Poverty and Slums
Increasing urbanization, industrialization has created negative consequences resulting into slums
characterized by housing shortage, and critical inadequacies in public utilities, overcrowding and
unhygienic conditions. In urban area, types of slums organized by urban local bodies namely,
Notified, Recognized and Identified. All notified areas in a city notified as „slum‟ under „slum act‟ may
Ministry of Urban Development
[99] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
be considered as „Notified slums‟. The slum areas recognised by urban local bodies but not notified
by the state government as above are “Non-notified slum areas”.
9.2.1 Number of Slums
There are total 39 slum pockets in the city inhabiting 9529 households and 47636 people, accounting
around 11% of total population. Total BPL population is 14% of total slum population15
.
Table 9-3: Ward wise slum population
Sr. No. Name of Slum Population Sr. No. Name of Slum Population
1 Aabri mata 2913 21 Mali colony 20
2 Ambat mata harijan basti
818 22 Manoharpura 1196
3 Amba vagat 1546 23 Math madari 1419
4 Ambedkar nagar 430 24 Neemach mata ka khera 3030
5 Bagri basti 1100 25 Nimachkheda 385
6 Banjara basti 1024 26 Oad basti 578
7 Bhilu rana 2481 27 Paneriyo ki madri 658
8 Bhopa magri 1825 28 Ramsingh ji badi 633
9 Comi ekta 641 29 Ratakhet 734
10 Gandhinagar harijan basti
1299 30 Roop nagar 1394
11 Gordhan vilash nahi basti
64 31 Raigar colony 30
12 Hanuman colony 1138 32 Sahid Bhagat singh 2761
13 Indera nagar bheeda
1038 33 Sajjan nagar 1996
14 Indira colony 952 34 Shanti nagar 1063
15 Khempura kacchi basti
306 35 Sukhadia nagar 571
16 Kalbeliya colony 394 36 Vijay pathik nagar 3113
17 Krishna pura 261 37 Thakar bapa colony 47
18 Kishanpole dakshin 2913 38 Tekri kachi basti 145
19 Lohiya colony 1355 39 Kishanpole uttar 1570
20 Machala magra 3795 Total 47636
Of all the slums, larger concentration of Population can be found in Machala Magra, Neemach Mata
Ka Khera, and Vijay Pathik nagar. All slums are recognized as notified slums however land ownership
remains with the local body.
15
As per survey conducted in 2009.
Ministry of Urban Development
[100] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
9.2.2 Spatial Distribution of Slums (ward-wise distribution)
Following table shows the spatial distribution of slums in the city. Most of the slum pockets are located
along lakes, water bodies, in old city areas. Slum survey work is going to make due to which slum
location map is not prepared, as per information provided by concerned official, UIT.
Table 9-4: Ward wise distribution of slums
No. Name of Slum Ward no. Sr. No. Name of Slum Ward no.
1 Aabri mata 1 21 Mali colony 26
2 Ambat mata harijan basti
7 22 Manoharpura 1
3 Amba vagat 5 23 Math madari 31
4 Ambedkar nagar 27 24 Neemach mata ka khera 1
5 Bagri basti 41 25 Nimachkheda 14
6 Banjara basti 9 26 Oad basti 6,7
7 Bhilu rana 4,7 27 Paneriyo ki madri 8,9
8 Bhopa magri 26,29 28 Ramsingh ji badi 18
9 Comi ekta 6,7 29 Ratakhet 4,8
10 Gandhinagar harijan basti
6,7 30 Roop nagar 15,16
11 Gordhan vilash nahi basti
16 31 Raigar colony 50
12 Hanuman colony 55 32 Sahid Bhagat singh 54
13 Indera nagar bheeda 19,41 33 Sajjan nagar 7
14 Indira colony 19,41 34 Shanti nagar 8,23
15 Khempura kacchi basti 33 35 Sukhadia nagar 30
16 Kalbeliya colony 8 36 Vijay pathik nagar 8,10
17 Krishna pura 53 37 Thakar bapa colony 50
18 Kishanpole dakshin 14,16 38 Tekri kachi basti 26
19 Lohiya colony 7 39 Kishanpole uttar 14,16
20 Machala magra 16
Big slums are located in 54, 1, 8, 10, 4 and 7 number wards. Some of the slums are divided among
two wards.
9.2.3 Average Slum Size
Since the slum survey is going on, hence some of the details are not available such as slum area in
ward area. Average household size in slums is about 5 persons per family.
9.2.4 Available Infrastructure for Slum Communities
The provisioning of housing and infrastructure services for urban poor in Udaipur is done by UIT as
well as UMC. As per survey carried out in slums, status of urban services in slums is as under:
Ministry of Urban Development
[101] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Table 9-5: Basic services to Urban Poor
Source: Report – Rapid Baseline Assessment – Udaipur City, City level interim report, October 2013
Above mentioned survey was done in 1998, and latest information for the same is still awaited. Only
55% households have access to drinking water and toilet facilities.
Approximately 5000 households have individual taps and access to piped water supply. Other
sources of water include public tap, tube well/bore well and hand pumps. Duration of supply is mostly
less than 1 hour daily or at times no supply is there.
There is an absence of underground sewerage network in slum areas. Septic tank/flush latrine
prevails in these areas. Around 1702 households still practice open defecation. Solid waste gets
collected either daily or once in 2 days by municipal contractor.
Approach road to slum is motorable pucca road and street light is available on these roads.
9.2.5 Land tenure-ship of Slums
Land in slums is owned by the Urban Local Body. Under RAY programme, in situ slum development
is under progress.
9.2.6 Housing Stock (slums)
There are total 9498 dwelling units in these slums; of this 62% are pucca in nature. Of total dwelling
units, 6811 have electricity. 21% dwelling units have patta, 42% slum dwellers have possession
certificate/occupancy right.
9.2.7 Government Initiatives in Slum Improvement
There are two central government projects under implementation in the city. Integrated Housing and
Slum Development Programme (IHSDP) and Rajiv Awas Yojana (RAY). Two detailed surveys have
been conducted till now, first in 1998 and second in 2009. Due to skill gap as well as lack of staff in
UMC for project implementation, these schemes are being handed over to UIT. Among these
schemes, RAY is still not initiated due to technical and human resources problems. Presently, project
report on slum free city plan is under preparation stage which is supposed to be finished by June/July.
Sr. No. Services No. of HHs covered % of HHs covered
1 Water supply Individual taps 5029 52.78
Public taps 90 0.94
Tube well 490 5.14
2 Drainage and Sewerage
Not connected to sewer
9529 100
3 Sanitation Public septic tank 50 0.52
Service seat public 14 0.15
Own septic tank/flush 5293 55.55
Shared 29 0.30
Open defecation 1702 17.86
Ministry of Urban Development
[102] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
The aim of the RAY scheme for Udaipur is to upgrade the existing slums to an acceptable level and to
make the town slum free in the future. Objective of the scheme is existing situation analysis of nearby
areas and slums, selection and planning to construct 763 in situ houses in three slums of Udaipur (i.e.
Roop nagar, Shanti nagar and Vijay pathik nagar) and infrastructure planning. It covers total 5894
population having 1118 households; of total population 3991 beneficiaries will get benefit of the
scheme. As per latest information provided by RAY official in situ development of these three slums
have been completed. Identification of one slum for in situ development is under progress.
IHSDP project in Udaipur was initiated in the year of 2007. The project components include relocation
of total 1,242 housing units and in-situ development of 495 housing units in 17 slum pockets. UMC
was initially nominated as the implementing agency for the project. Later, UIT was entrusted to
undertake the project due to skill gap as well as lack of staff in UMC for project implementation.
Subsequently, the relocation component is managed by UIT and in-situ development is managed by
UMC.
The project involves participation of slum inhabitants at two levels: bearing financial cost and in situ
construction work. Twelve percent share of total unit cost (relocation / in-situ up gradation) is borne by
the beneficiary. For the in-situ up-gradation, UMC sanctions fund to the applicant in four installments
and each consecutive installment is released on the inspections of successful completion of work. For
relocation of slums and construction of housing units, UIT has hired external consultants.
Of total sanctioned project cost of Rs. 24.6 crore by GoI, cost sharing by beneficiaries is 4.85%, and
by ULB is 3.46%. Total amount is released to UIT and not UMC because UMC is handling relocation
component of the project. UIT shares a dedicated amount with UMC. A total of Rs.9 crore has been
released to UIT and Rs.1 crore to UMC.
However, during the course of project implementation, it was realized that sanctioned cost is not
meeting the project requirements. The beneficiaries were not willing to take part in the project cost
sharing, which resulted in delayed implementation. Hence, in February 2013, a temporary loan of
Rs.2.4 crore was released by UMC and Rs.1.9 crore by UIT, which amounts total 17% of project cost.
Even though UMC has sanctioned loan schemes to the beneficiaries, there is very little participation
by slum dwellers. Out of the total 2,192 registered plots in slums only 336 applications are received
for development of house. The construction for relocation units is still in progress. Total 29 units have
been up graded and 222 units are in progress.
Table 9-6 IHSDP project details
Particular Cost Sharing
(Rs. lakhs)
Percent Share (%)
Amount received/ released by UIT and UMC (Rs. lakhs)
Government of India 1,606.71 65.44 803.36
Government of Rajasthan
527.45 21.48 100.42
UMC ( ULB share) 84.85 3.46 243.00
UIT (ULB share) 193.25
Beneficiaries 119.16 4.85 42.45
A & OE Administrative and Other Expenses
116.91 4.76 0.00
Total 2,455.08 1,382.48
Ministry of Urban Development
[103] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
9.2.8 Critical Analysis of Housing and Urban Poverty Sector under 1st
Generation CDP Scenario
9.2.9 Policy, Regulation and Institutional Framework
State Government took various important initiatives for the housing sector such as Affordable Housing
Policy – 2009, which has focused on EWS/LIG housing to create affordable and rental housing in
urban areas. The policy has the following objectives16
:
Rental housing is one of the objectives
To reduce the housing shortage in the State, especially in EWS/LIG categories.
To take up large scale construction of Affordable housing (with focus on EWS and LIG
housing)
To bring down the cost of EWS and LIG categories of houses to affordable limits
To promote investments in housing in urban sector on PPP model
To involve private developers in the construction of EWS/LIG categories of houses by offering
various attractive incentives
To create rental housing as transit accommodation for migrants to urban areas and,
To check creation of slums
State Government started another initiative such as Sahbhagita Awas Yojana – To promote EWS/LIG
housing through Public Private Partnership. Target of the scheme to provide 1,25,000 houses for
16
http://www.naredco.in/pdfs/g-s-sandhu.pdf
Key Features First Generation CDP: Housing and Urban Poverty
Salient Features
As per 2001 census, approximately 11 percent stock is vacant.
Large number of units is being put in to commercial use.
Housing shortage, Udaipur faces the problem of overcrowding.
Nearly 28 percent population lives in one room houses, while 29 percent households live in two
room houses.
Most of the buildings in inner city area have 3 to 4 storey structures, without proper access and
ventilation. These houses have poor basic amenities.
Almost 25 percent of houses within inner city area are more than 100 years old, which require
urgent renewal.
Key Issues
Illegal constructions and encroachments
Relatively low vibrancy in housing economy
Inner city congestions
Group housing allowing less number of people entering in the housing market.
In the 1st
generation CDP, total Rs.15.93 crore investments envisaged, covering various
components; slum housing and infrastructure improvement, provision of low cost housing,
construction of 22 public toilets having 147 seats.
Ministry of Urban Development
[104] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
EWS/LIG and MIG category to be constructed in next three years. Target revised upwards to 5.0 lacs
houses looking to overwhelming response from private developers.
9.2.10 Key Issues
The process of implementation of project for in situ up gradation of housing for urban poor is
very slow and one of the reasons behind is the lack of administration and monitoring staff.
Delayed technical handholding to beneficiaries from UMC, absence of complaints registration
system, and ineffective project costing, have resulted in unwillingness amongst beneficiaries
which is affecting the proper implementation of the project.
IHSDP‟s basic component which is to include beneficiaries in project implementation is not
being achieved. The financial capability of the urban slum dwellers is a major constraint. The
loans given by UMC and UIT for this reason have no possibilities for being repaid.
The condition of basic services in slums is considerably alarming. Approximately 18% of the
households in slums are still practicing open defecation. More than 45% households in slums
are not connected with proper sanitation facilities.
Approximately 45% households have no water supply source.
UMC has one Kachi basti Department which has 5 staff members, out of which 3 are
appointed as consultants under central and state government schemes. UMC does not have
adequate staff strength for taking up large infrastructure projects.
Lack of technical, administrative staff in UMC the central government schemes have been
taken up by UIT.
Ministry of Urban Development
[105] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
10. Baseline Environment: Urban Environment and
Disaster Management
10.1 Pollution Level in the Town
Udaipur is the most urbanised city in the district and witnesses a huge volume of traffic. Traffic is one
of the major contributors of pollution in the city. Further, city lacks a safe disposal facility for sewage
and municipal solid waste. This is affecting ground and surface water quality in the city.
10.1.1 Ambient Air Quality
Ambient air quality of Udaipur is being monitored regularly by the Rajasthan Pollution Control Board
(RPCB) under the National Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Programme, at three locations: two
residential areas and one industrial area. Particulate matter at MIA area is higher, even crossing 500
µg/m3. Though the particulate matter concentration at Ambamata and Town Hall is lower than that at
MIA area, it sometimes it crosses 400 µg/m3. The Respirable suspended particulate matter (RSPM)
values are also higher than 100 µg/m3.
The overall air quality of the city shows a continuous increase in the pollution levels. Dust and
vehicular movements are two major reasons for the declined air quality. Increased traffic, large-scale
cutting of trees, deforestation along hill slopes, and burning of wood and charcoal in low income areas
in the urban fringes of the city are the main reasons of air quality deterioration. Travel needs of the
city are catered by various modes of transport like shared auto-taxi (tempo), mini buses, RSRTC
buses, auto rickshaws, and private vehicles like two-wheelers and cars. Improved socio-economic
conditions coupled with easy availability of vehicles have led to the growth of vehicles. Large-scale
and uncontrolled mining of marble and other minerals has also led to heavy deforestation on hill
slopes, contributing to air pollution. Though air quality is comparatively well, systematic efforts are
required to sustain the same.
10.1.2 Noise Pollution
Due to various activities such as religious functions, festivals, and related celebrations, noise levels
have been a matter of concern. To regulate and control noise pollution, the government has issued
various notifications under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986. Under the same, to control
community noise, the Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000, came into existence. The
rules make it mandatory for the local authorities to control noise in their respective areas and
empower the designated authorities to take legal action against the violators.
Under the rules, the District Magistrate and police officers are responsible for the implementation of
noise pollution rules and regulations. The recorded noise pollution (avg) for the last three years is
given below.
Table 10-1: Trend in noise levels
Details 2008 Leq dB(A) 2009 2010
Ministry of Urban Development
[106] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Avg. before and after
Diwali
On Diwali day
Avg. before and after
Diwali
On Diwali day
Avg. before and after
Diwali
On Diwali day
Udaipur 63.3 74.9 64.1 70.6 73.0 82.9
Source: Annual Report, Rajasthan Pollution Control Board, 2010-2011
Noise pollution has increased over the years in the city. Following factors are considered responsible
for the increasing noise pollution in the area:
Rapid expansion of urban and industrial areas
Increasing number of vehicles
Uneven land topography of the city and its environs
Traffic flow problems due to narrow roads
Commercial-cum-residential settlements
Increasing tourism activities
Depleting vegetation and tree cover
Cottage industries and small-scale industries in residential and mixed areas
National Highway No. 8 and its bye-passes through the city
Social and religious activities
During Diwali (2010), noise pollution level was measured during the day and night at an interval of 30
min across residential, commercial, and silent places.
Table 10-2: Noise pollution levels in Udaipur
Details Average level of Noise Pollution Leq dB(A) Noise Pollution Standards Leq dB(A)
Before and after Diwali On Diwali day
Residential
area
Commercial/Ind
ustrial area
Silent area
Residenti
al area
Commercial/Indu
strial area
Silent area
Residential area
Commercial/Industrial area
Silent area
Day
Udaipur 72.3 80.7 66.6 83.2 83.6 74.6 55 65 55
Night
69.6 78.7 70.2 88.2 86.5 81.2 45 55 40
Source: Annual Report, Rajasthan Pollution Control Board, 2010-2011
As seen from the table above, noise pollution is high in all areas before and on Diwali both during day
and night.
10.1.3 Water Pollution
Surface Water Quality
Due to absence of an underground sewerage network and treatment facilities, sewage is discharged
into lakes, leading to an increase in bacterial and organic load in lake water. 73 Ghats situated on the
banks of lakes are traditionally used for bathing and washing purpose. This releases large amount of
detergents in to the lakes, which increases phosphate content. Similarly, increased commercial
activity, especially hotels in the vicinity of lakes, is also contributing considerably to water pollution. In
Ministry of Urban Development
[107] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
the catchment area of Fateh Sagar Lake, chemical effluents from synthetic fibre mill are discharged.
Boating activity spreads an oil layer in waters near Navghat, Piplighat of Pichhola and boat booth of
Fateh Sagar. In summers, vehicles are washed between filter house and hotel site of Fateh Sagar.
In addition to the above, about 400-500 ton of solid waste is dumped on the banks of lakes. 100 MT
solid waste is deposited at 8 different locations (i.e., around Navghat, Lalghat, Gangaur Ghat, Ghat of
Gadi Devra, Satapole, Chandpole Bridge, Samla area, Hanuman Ghat, Amet ki Haveli, and Naga
Nagri of Pichola). Some other spots, worth mentioning, are near the public park at Yadav Colony and
near new bridge. Kalalia tanks have 5 waste dumping points of 50 ton and Lake Swaroop sagar has
11 spots. Lake Fateh Sagar is being polluted at 7 spots with about 90 ton of waste.
Lake water quality is monitored by RPCB under the NWMP programme. pH of Fateh Sagar Lake is
always more than 8.5, which makes it unfit for drinking and aquatic life. pH of other lakes is in the
range of 6.5–8.5, which is within the IS standard limits. Dissolved oxygen in the water of Udai Sagar
Lake is lower than 4 mg/L, which makes it unfit for drinking and aquatic life.
Dissolved oxygen in Fateh Sagar and Pichhola lake water is around 6 mg/L, which may be used for
drinking purpose after disinfection. BOD in Udai Sagar Lake is always more than 4 mg/L, indicating
continuous pollution. The threshold limit for BOD for drinking purpose is 2 mg/L. Comparatively
Pichhola lake water is better than others with respect to BOD concentration.
Fateh Sagar Lake has sometimes BOD concentrations more than 2 mg/L, which can be harmful for
drinking. In fresh water, nitrate concentration seldom exceeds 0.1 mg/L. Higher concentrations
indicate effect of human activities. Concentrations greater than 5 mg/L indicate significant level of
pollution. Nitrates in all three water bodies is always below 1 mg/L. Total count of coliforms in
unpolluted water generally varies between 10-100 MPN/100 mL. Values higher than 100 MPN/100
ML indicate contamination due to pollution. Udai Sagar Lake water is more polluted than other lakes.
Total coliform counts in Udai Sagar Lake water sometimes touch 350 MPN/100 mL.
Table 10-3: Water quality of major lakes in Udaipur – 2013
Parameters Fateh Sagar Lake Pichola Lake Udai Sagar Lake
pH 6.5-8.5 6.5-8.5 6.5-8.5
Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L) 6 Less than 4
BOD More than 2 2 More than 4
Nitrates Below 1 Below 1 Below 1
Total coliforms (MPN/100 mL) 350
Source: Brief note on Environmental status – Udaipur, Rajasthan Pollution Control Board
Ground Water Quality
Ground water contamination is essentially due to the presence of septic tanks in the city, leakages
and overflowing of existing sewer lines, and mixing of water and sewage due to faulty lines. The
Rajasthan Pollution Control Board is monitoring ground water at five locations under NWMP; results
are shown below.
Ministry of Urban Development
[108] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Table 10-4: Ground water quality at different locations in Udaipur
Station Details
Year pH Temp
°C
DO
mg/L
BOD
mg/L
Nitrate N
mg/L
Cond
µS/cm
FC
MPN/
100 mL
TC
MPN/
100 mL
Near UIT Bridge, Udaipur
2006 7.4 27.5 6.2 0.8 0.8 1270 3.5 15.5
2007 7.8 27.5 2.5 0.6 0.9 1250 4.0 14.0
2008 7.9 26.5 3.7 1.5 0.7 1270 4.0 17.0
2009 7.2 29.0 3.5 0.8 0.7 1320 4.0 9.0
Near Fateh Sagar Lake and Panchavati Nallah
2006 7.3 25.0 --- 1.0 1.0 2000 7.0 20.0
2007 7.7 27.0 4.2 0.9 0.9 1550 5.0 9.0
2008 7.8 27.5 2.8 0.8 5.4 1515 3.0 5.5
2009 7.1 28.0 2.0 0.4 1.0 1900 3.0 7.0
Sardarpura Village, Udaipur
2006 7.3 26.5 --- 0.5 0.6 2250 3.5 9.0
2007 7.9 26.5 4.1 0.8 0.5 1490 3.5 7.0
2008 8.0 26.5 2.1 0.9 2.7 1445 3.0 5.5
2009 7.3 29 3 0.3 0.5 1200 3.0 4.0
Near Railway Station, Rana Pratap Nagar
2006 7.2 27.0 --- 1.0 0.3 3200 3.5 5.5
2007 7.7 27.5 4.0 0.5 0.4 2050 3.0 5.5
2008 7.7 27.5 2.7 0.3 5.2 2395 3.0 4.0
2009 7.2 29.0 3.1 0.5 2.3 2600 3.0 4.0
Subhash Nagar, Udaipur
2006 7.2 26.5 --- 0.6 0.3 2700 5.0 9.0
2007 7.3 26.5 4.2 0.5 0.4 2750 4.0 17.0
2008 7.5 26.5 2.4 2.6 3.1 2500 4.0 10.5
2009 7.5 28 3.6 0.2 0.4 1680 4.0 7.0
Source: Brief note on Environmental status – Udaipur, Rajasthan Pollution Control Board
In the process of decomposition, raw sewage undergoes a chemical process, and the end product is
nitrate nitrogen. When nitrate nitrogen is produced, it is considered as evidence of pollution either
from septic tank , cesspools or other sewage sources. Where a groundwater is known to contain little
or no nitrate nitrogen naturally, appearance of any significant increase is a probable indication of
pollution.
Faecal coliform bacteria are commonly found in the intestines of animals and humans. The presence
of faecal coliforms in water is a strong indication of sewage or animal waste contamination. The faecal
coliform count in ground water of Udaipur was 3-7 MPN/100 ML, indicating contamination by sewage.
Dissolved oxygen (DO) level was found to be between 2.0–6.2 mg/L. As per the IS standards, the
tolerance limit for drinking water source is 6 mg/L. Lower DO levels indicate that the water is not fit for
drinking.
Ministry of Urban Development
[109] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
10.2 Water Bodies
Lakes are the major water body in the city. Udaipur is dependent on its lake system, which is directly
or indirectly the life source of the city in terms of surface water resources, tourism, and ecosystem at
large. As per the existing land use, 2394 acre is under water bodies, which accounts for 8.9% of the
total area.
10.2.1 List of Water Bodies
Water supply of Udaipur depends on surface and
underground water sources such as lakes, step wells,
tube wells, and wells. Udaipur has numerous lakes in its
vicinity: Pichhola, Fateh Sagar, Bari, and Jaisamand
lakes. These lakes along with step wells and tube wells
have been Udaipur„s major sources of drinking water.
These sources receive water during the rainy season.
However, lack of rain during the last few years has prevented the natural overflow, and with a lot of
filth being thrown in, there have been serious effects on lake ecosystem. Pichola is the largest lake
followed by Fateh Sagar Lake.
Table 10-5 Water bodies, Udaipur
Lake name Catchment Area (Ha)
Pichola Lake 12,700
Fateh Sagar Lake 2,315
Bada Madar Lake 7,290
Chotta Madar Lake 2,534
Badi Lake 1,820
Chikalwas Lake 6,450
Total 33,190
10.2.2 Existing Condition of Water Bodies
Physical setting of the city enhances the flow of pollutants into lakes. The city has hills on all sides,
rising from 20 m to 150 m. Thus, natural drainage leads towards the lakes from all the sides. Most of
the hotels (more than 50) along with 6,000 residential houses accommodating 33,000 population, are
located on the lake slopes, releasing all sorts of dirt and drain water into the lakes. Even garbage
collected from the roads, dirt thrown from the houses, debris of dilapidated houses, and small-sized
dead animals are thrown on lake banks.
10.3 Gardens, Open Spaces, and Urban Forests
Under existing land use, other open areas account for 28.1% of the total area.
Due to availability of lake water, parks are being developed in different areas of the city. Gulab Park
and Saheliyo ki Baadi are very beautiful parks and increase the beauty of the city. After independence
various parks are being developed which includes Nehru ark in fatehsagar lake, Moti Magri Park,
Ministry of Urban Development
[110] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Town Hall Garden, Sukhadiya Circle Garden, Manikyalal
Verma Garden, Dindayal Upadhyay Garden, Sanjay Park,
Aravalli Vatika, and Bhamashah Garden are the major
ones. Surrounding lakes various gardens and parks are
being developed. The city has 199 small, medium, and big
parks, as per information provided by UMC.
Gulab Bagh is the largest garden in Rajasthan, spread
over an area of 100 acres of land. Maharaja Sajjan Singh
took the initiative to build this beautiful garden. It has
abundance of roses due to which it is known as Gulab
Bagh. It is situated right beneath the banks of Pichola Lake
on the Lake Palace Road. Tourists from all over come to visit this garden.
UMC has started an initiative in which people or community or a society can adopt a park within their
area or society. Municipality provides funds every month for maintenance and management of the
adopted parks to the community, based on park size. Necessary infrastructure in the park/garden is
being provided by UMC only. Total 33 parks/gardens have been adopted, and Rs. 780000 has been
spent on the maintenance and management of these parks during 2013-14.
In the financial year of 2014-15, 36 parks/gardens are proposed to be given on adoption. Estimated
amount to be spent on the same would be Rs. 11,04,000.
10.4 Identification of Environmentally Sensitive Areas
Certain areas require a degree of protection as changes in natural processes associated with them or
native communities residing in them could bring about a change in the system at large. These are
laws at various levels of government which ascertain that industrial zoning /citing cannot be done in
some specific zones such as reserved forests, protected forests, sanctuaries, mangrove and coral
areas, breeding grounds, monuments of national/state and local significances, flood prone areas and
seismic zones. These sites called „Sensitive Zones‟ which could be broadly refers to the
„Environmentally Sensitive Areas‟. Some changes in these areas likely to produce a more
recognizable response. The purpose of the ecologically sensitive zone is enhancement and protection
of the native community and natural process over and above any other uses that might be
contemplated. This zone restricts public use and development.
The Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) introduced an environmental planning programme known
as the „Zoning Atlas for Siting of Industries‟ in 1995 for identifying environmentally sensitive zones and
helping in achieving developmental objectives, especially those of industries, in an environmentally
manner. Under this programme, zoning atlas for Udaipur district was prepared in 199817
. The Spatial
Environmental Planning Programme was conceptualized for ensuring environment protection and its
resources through planned and sustainable development. The programme commenced in 1995 in 14
volunteer states, which was initially catered to siting of industries, but was expanded subsequently to
cater siting of industrial estates, compilation of environmental information and environmental
improvement of urban areas/mining areas/tourism areas.
The Aravalli Range, stretching from Palanpur in Gujarat to Delhi, divides Rajasthan into three distinct
climatic regions. In this range, Udaipur zone is estimated to be around 300 million years old. The
17
http://www.cpcb.nic.in/upload/Publications/Publication_451_sec15_12.pdf
Ministry of Urban Development
[111] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
range is a unique amphitheatre of biological diversity. The important hills within the Udaipur area are
Nimach Mata hill, Bhuwana hill, Balicha hill, Odi hill, Eklingpura hill, Chorbavari hill, Thoria hill,
Macchala Magra, and Sajjangarh hill.
Kumbhalgarh sanctuary in the most rugged of the Aravalli hills in Pali, Rajasmand and Udaipur district
of Rajasthan is one of the environmentally sensitive areas.
Jaisamand – located at about 50 km from Udaipur on the banks of Jaisamand lake, the sanctuary
extends over an area of 52 sq.km. of thick forests. Flora includes rich dhok and salar forests. The
fauna consists of chital, chinkara, sambhar, langur, leopard, hyena, fox, jungle cat, and wolf.
Jaisamand Lake is an abode of crocodiles, turtles, and variety of fish.
Phulvari ki Nal, located at about 82 km from Udaipur, covers 511 sq km. Among the carnivores,
leopard is the chief species. Other common predators are hyena, wolf, and jungle cat. The main
herbivores include chital, wild boar, four-horned antelope, and chinkara. Pangolin, palm civet, and
ratel may also be spotted here.
Udaipur Zoo is listed as one of the environmentally sensitive zones. Located in Sajjan Niwas Garden,
the zoo is spread over an area of 5 Ha. It was started in 1878, and has about 500 animals18
.
The city has a number of parks and gardens, which house considerable floral diversity such as
Saheliyo ki Bari, Gulab Bagh, Nehru Park, and Sajjan Niwas Garden.
Figure 10-1: Biodiversity map – Rajasthan
10.5 Disaster Proneness Assessment of the City
As per the National Disaster Act, 2005, disaster is a catastrophe, mishap, calamity, or grave
occurrence in any area. It results in substantial loss of life or human suffering or damage to and
18
http://210.212.96.134/searajasthan/reports/SEA%20-%20Rajasthan%20Report.pdf
Ministry of Urban Development
[112] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
destruction of property or damage to or degradation of the environment, which is beyond the coping
capacity of the community of the affected area. Major categories of disasters include:
Natural Disasters: Drought, Flood, and Earthquake
Anthropogenic Disasters: Accidents, Fire
Rajasthan is the driest state in India. Due to low rainfall and geographical characteristics of the state,
it faces drought problem repeatedly which creates a difficult situation. Common disasters in the state
include drought, earthquake, flood (during the last few years), dust storm, and manmade related
disasters. State has its own Disaster Management Policy in 2004, and the state disaster management
plan is being prepared with the vision of a holistic, pro-active, multi-disaster, multi-sector, multi-
stakeholder, technology-driven, participatory, dynamic process to build Rajasthan a safe and disaster
resilient state. Under supervision of the Chief Secretary prepared by each Nodal Department, the plan
includes aspects of mitigation, preparedness, and response. Annual updation of the plan is
institutionalized at the state level by all departments.
Low rainfall coupled with erratic monsoon in the state makes Rajasthan most vulnerable to drought.
Udaipur is prone to floods due to river basins. Based on historical data, the frequency of occurrence
of droughts in Udaipur is once in 6 years. District Disaster Management Plan for 33 districts is
prepared by the Disaster Management and Relief Department, Udaipur district is one of them.
Disasters are classified into five categories covering total 31 disasters:
Water and air related: Flood, drought, storm, cloud burst
Earth related: Earthquake, land slide, Fire in mining
Chemical, industrial, and nuclear: Chemical, industrial, and nuclear disasters
Accidental: Fire, road and rail accidents, bomb blast
Biological: Epidemic, epidemic related to animals
Of these, 5 disasters are classified as main disasters in Udaipur. A detailed disaster management
plan has been prepared for each these disasters:
Drought
Flood
Accident
Fire
Earthquake
District-wise Hazard Profiling*
District name Hazards
Wind Flood Drought Earthquake Industrial accident
Udaipur Low Moderate Moderate Low Low
*This inference has evolved from analysis of various disaster hazard maps in BMTPC and secondary information
10.6 Disaster Management Mitigation Measures
Disaster mitigation at city level is a holistic management of disasters (both manmade and natural). It
involves management of events to minimize the damage during a disaster and development of
preparedness to cope with disasters to reduce the risk and losses.
As per the general disaster management structure in India, the district collector is responsible for
disaster management within the district. The district would play the key role in disaster management
Ministry of Urban Development
[113] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
and relief activities. In Rajasthan state, following institutional structure helps in disaster related
matters:
e) Institutional Co-ordination and Communication with Stakeholders
The Relief Department came into existence in 1951 on establish the office of the Relief
Commissioner. As per the directions from the state government, the name of the department was
changed to Disaster Management and Relief Department in the year 2003.
The Relief Department is a permanent department of the state administration, which is functioning
under the Commissioner and Secretary, Relief Department. Relief work and activities are carried out
by different departments and organizations. District collectors and district-level officers of other
organizations act as administrative, technical, controlling, and coordinating officers in their respective
districts. Financial take care is being carried out the State Department which executing the process.
The existing Town and Country Planning Act, Industrial Master Plan and land use zoning norms
evaluated to make amendments. To ensure safe planning enforcement, Department of Disaster is a
member of all the regulatory bodies in the State.
State Disaster Management Authority (SDMA): The state has an SDMA, which is headed by the
Chief Minister, while executive committee is headed by the Chief Secretary. It is responsible for laying
down policies and preparing plans for disaster management in the state. It would approve the state
plan in accordance with the guidelines laid down by NDMA, coordinate the implementation of the
state plan, recommend provision of funds for mitigation and preparedness measures, and review the
departmental plans of the different departments of the state, to ensure the integration of prevention,
preparedness, and mitigation measures.
State Executive Committee (SEC): SEC, headed by the Chief Secretary of the state government,
assists SDMA in performing its functions. It coordinates and monitors the implementation of the
National Policy, National Plan and the State Plan.
State Disaster Response Force (SDRF): SDRF has been constituted in the state, with the
assistance of the Rajasthan Armed Constabulary. Initially, it is comprised 150 trained and
experienced personnel of RAC. The force has been provided with expertise training and equipment to
serve as state‟s response team during disasters.
Center for Disaster Management: The Center for Disaster Management, located in the State
Administrative Training Institute, has been given the responsibility of capacity building in the state. It
organizes trainings for trainers and other stakeholders and also serves as a centre of knowledge and
documentation for disaster management in the state.
District Disaster Management Authority (DDMA): DDMA is headed by the collector and acts as the
planning, coordinating, and implementing body for disaster management at the district level. It is
responsible for preparing the disaster management plan for the district.
Local Authorities: In Urban areas, disaster is managed by Municipal Commissioner and Chief
Executive Officer under the overall supervision of District Collector. It will be responsible for putting in
place techno-legal regime and its compliance, awareness raising19
.
19
http://www.sihfwrajasthan.com/ppts/full/Disaster%20management.pdf
Ministry of Urban Development
[114] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Figure 10-2: State- and district-level disaster management institutional framework
The Collector is responsible at the district level for providing relief and taking decisions related to that.
He/she also directs other departments to provide relief during the time of disaster.
One of the important stakeholders in disaster management is communities. Communities are always
the first responders to disasters. Therefore, it is imperative to generate necessary awareness and
knowledge about hazards/disasters and its effects. The print and electronic media would play an
important role in information dissemination. At the community level, different information, education,
and communication (IEC) methods and tools shall be used. Methods and tools for IEC20
are as
follows:
Development of jingles in local dialects
Development of video spots
Panel discussions on DRR in local
television and radio stations
Hoardings at strategic locations
Displaying of boards, banners, and /or
wall paintings in panchayat
bhawans/AWCs
Observation of DRR day
Development of posters, leaflets,
pamphlets, notices
Folk media, street plays, kalajathas on
DRR
Organizing various competitions on DRR
among students
20
http://www.rajrelief.nic.in/sdmp/draft-sdmp.pdf
State Disaster Management Authority
State Executive Committee
Relief Secretary (Relief Commissioner)
DDMA / Collector
DLO's / ULB's /
PRI's / NGO's
Center for Disaster Management
Line Departments / Nodal Department
Ministry of Urban Development
[115] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Other approaches include:
Community-based disaster management programmes
Access to disaster related tools and equipment
Documentation of best practices
Mitigation measures can be classified into short- and long-term measures. It can be divided into two
categories:
Structural measures: on site works, construction and engineering works
Non-structural measures: Studies, research, regulations, policy changes, and capacity building
activities that support the structural measures
10.7 Key Issues and Concerns
Polluted water bodies: lakes and river
Ground water pollution due to septic tanks, leakage, and overflow of sewerage pipelines
Increasing air pollution majorly due to increased vehicular movements and traffic, cutting of
trees, deforestation along hill slopes, burning of wood and charcoal in low-income areas
The city faces high risk of fire accidents in the core city area due to congestion and narrow
roads, restricting the movement of fire fighting services.
The city is prone to natural disasters like drought.
Ministry of Urban Development
[116] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
11. Climate Change and Sustainable Development
Climate change and its effect on the environment, ecology, natural resources, and livelihoods of
people are emerging as complex challenges for the coming years. Rajasthan is characterized by high
climate sensitivity due to impacts on sectors like agriculture, water resources, forests, biodiversity,
and human health. These sectors already face challenges due to pressures from growing population,
rapid economic growth, and degradation of the environment and natural resources. Observation
records for over 100 years indicate that the probability of occurrence of severe and very severe
droughts is high over the western Rajasthan region.
11.1 Climate Change and the City
As per the International Panel for Climate Change (IPCC) 5th assessment report, cities across the
world, due to their rapid population growth and large-scale developmental and economic investments,
are at a high risk to the impacts of climate change. Most of the rapid growth will take place in the
urban areas of Asia and Africa. In view of this, the cities should focus on developing adaptation
capacity towards the climate variability.
Indian cities are characterized by high density of population and housing stock and poor
infrastructure, which make them all the more vulnerable to climate change. Given that the most valued
infrastructure is usually located in cities, the economic and social costs of climate change will be much
higher in cities.
For example, cities house valuable communication infrastructure as they do physical infrastructure
such as buildings, roads, bridges, and flyovers. Hence, any climate change impacts in the form of
damage will be quite expensive. Climate change impacts the physical assets used within cities for
economic production, the costs of raw materials and inputs to economic production, the subsequent
costs to businesses, and thus output and competitiveness.
f) Learnings from the Past
Climate change risks are expected to increase the frequency and intensity of current hazards,
increase the probability of extreme events, and spur the emergence of new hazards and
vulnerabilities with different spatial and socio-economic impacts. During the last decade, the issue of
climate change has been deliberated into Indian public policy agenda.
With the formulation of the National Action Plan on Climate Change in 2008, the issue of climate
change mitigation and adaptation has come to the forefront in the public policy agenda. Still the focus
is largely on the mitigation of climate change rather than increasing the adaptive capacity of the
people and places to deal with the impacts of climate change. So far, climate change concerns are
not recognised as an important part in Indian cities and its planning process. India has certain
institutional provisions such as disaster management authorities and state- and city-level integrated
coastal zone management programmes, the JNNURM to deal with different aspects of climate risk
related issues. However, there are very less components under these programmes that address
climate change risk reduction and adaptation in the urban areas.
A recent report using data collected over 193 years shows that since the 1960s, there has been a dip
in India‟s annual rainfall; for instance, in the plains of Kerala, the peak rainfall declined from at least
3,700 mm received in the 1920s and 1930s to around 2,800 mm in the 1960s, a fall of 24%. In the
Ministry of Urban Development
[117] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
plains of Punjab, there is a similar fall, from 1100 mm in the early years of the 10th century to around
687 mm, registering a decrease of 37.5%21
. Evidence indicates that parts of South Asia have become
drier since the 1970s with an increase in the number of droughts. Droughts have major
consequences. In 1987 and 2002-2003, droughts affected more than the half of India‟s crop area and
led to a huge fall in crop production. Glaciers in the northwestern Himalayas and in the Karakoram
Range – where westerly winter winds are the major source of moisture – have remained stable or
even advanced. On the other hand, most Himalayan glaciers – where a substantial part of the
moisture is supplied by the summer monsoon – have been retreating over the past century. Many
parts of India are already experiencing water stress. A study conducted by the Central Research
Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Hyderabad, has revealed that about 27% of country‟s geographical
area has been directly impacted by climate change.
g) Current Practices
The adverse effects of climate change are being felt on more than a fourth of India‟s landmass over
the last four decades. This has resulted into various mitigative and adoptive measures in order to
tackle with climate change risks. Some of the measures include:
Improving energy efficiency
Diversifying energy resources
Modifying industrial processes
11.2 Carbon Footprint Mapping – Application of Estimation
Models
GHG emissions are the by-product of emissions from our vehicles, heating our homes, using
electricity and from other activities in our daily lives. Carbon footprint is the amount of carbon dioxide
equivalent of GHG emissions that is emitted by our direct or indirect actions into the atmosphere. The
level of greenhouse gases emissions in carbon dioxide equivalents is the practice followed to review
the level of GHG emissions.
The reason for is that warming potential of the other gases is more powerful than carbon dioxide, but
carbon dioxide emissions dwarf those of the other gases due to its large volume of emissions.
Aggregate greenhouse gas emissions from the anthropogenic activities in Rajasthan in 1990
amounted to 18.6 MT of CO2, 827.9 thousand tons of CH4, and 6.6 thousand tons of N2O. In terms of
CO2 equivalent, emissions amount to 38.0 million ton (Garg and Shukla 2002). According to similar
estimates, the aggregate emissions from the anthropogenic activities in Rajasthan in 1995 amounted
to 27.0 million tons of CO2, 1044 thousand tons of CH4, and 10.5 thousand tons of N2O. In terms of
CO2 equivalent, emissions in 1995 amounted to 52.2 million ton. Rajasthan ranked 10th with 3.7% of
India‟s emissions in 1990 and ranked 9th with 4.2% of India‟s emissions in 1995.
On the sectoral basis, emissions were estimated from the energy sector, agriculture sector, industrial
processes, waste disposal and from land-use, land-use change and forestry sector. Key districts with
high emissions in 1990 include Ganganagar, Jaipur, Ajmer, Jodhpur, Nagaur, Udaipur, Chittorgarh,
and Kota (total emissions in the districts were greater than 1.5 million ton CO2 equivalent). In 1995,
Alwar, Sawai Madhopur, and Bhilwara were also added to this category. These estimates were made
in the context of the first national communication to UNFCCC. The only other estimates or updated
21
http://www.idfc.com/pdf/report/Chapter-21.pdf
Ministry of Urban Development
[118] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
information on the GHG emissions is for the year 2007 as part of the Indian Network for Climate
Change Assessment (INCCA) greenhouse gas emissions 2007 (GoI 2010a). These estimates
suggest that there has been about 3% increase (combined annual growth rate) in 2007 as compared
to 1994.
11.3 Impact and Imperatives
Major sectors such as water resources, agriculture and animal husbandry, forestry and bio-diversity,
health, energy efficiency and sustainable habitats are identified in the State. Following table shows
the likely sector-wise impact of climate change.
Table 11-1: Sectoral impacts and imperatives in Rajasthan
Sectors Likely impacts of climate change
Water Resources
Adverse effects on hydrological cycle
In Rajasthan, the overall rainfall is projected to decrease, and
evapotranspiration, to increase. The normal average annual
evapotranspiration of Rajasthan is estimated as 1701 mm (CAZRI22
,
2009). Goyal et al. (2004b) highlighted that the sensitivity of
evapotranspiration to global warming for arid regions of Rajasthan is
projected to increase by 14.8% with the increase in temperature. A small
increase of 1% in temperature (0.42°C based on normal maximum
temperature of Rajasthan) from the baseline could result in an increase in
evapotranspiration by 15 mm, resulting in additional water requirements of
34.275 million cubic metre (mcm) for Jodhpur district alone and 313.12
mcm for the entire arid zone of Rajasthan (Goyal et al., 2004).
Total available utilizable groundwater for Rajasthan is 11159 mcm, and the
increase of 1% in temperature will put additional stress of 6.43% to 20.16%
on the existing groundwater resources.
Increased drought occurrence in the state which would impact not only
water resources but also have a cascading effect on dependent sectors.
Climate change will lead to acute water stress condition for the river Luni.
Agriculture and Animal Husbandry
Changes in precipitation patterns increase the likelihood of short-run crop
failures and production declines.
Heat stress has an impact on the productive and reproductive performance
of dairy animals.
Loss in milk production.
The GHG emissions from the agriculture sector are emitted mainly in the
form of CH4. These are due to enteric fermentation and from rice paddy
cultivation.
22
CAZRI - Central Arid Zone Research Institute
Ministry of Urban Development
[119] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
N2O is also emitted from this sector and is mainly from the agricultural
fields due to application of fertilizers. Livestock is a major anthropogenic
source of methane emission from agriculture.
Forestry and Biodiversity
Increase in the aridity of the existing dry lands and sub-humid lands.
Water dependent and the higher and extreme temperature sensitive
species diversity and habitats would face the danger of reduction in size or
population or even face extinction.
Risks to structure and functions of the forest ecosystems that are already
exposed to multiple stresses.
Health Increasing the risk of exposure to vector, water, and food borne diseases,
aggravating malnutrition and increasing injuries and deaths from extreme
rainfall events and thermal stresses.
Sustainable habitats
Rise in overall temperatures
Reduction in mean annual rainfall
Increase in frequency and intensity of extreme events, including droughts
and floods
11.4 Climate Resilience and Carbon Reduction Strategy
The Rajasthan State Government established a „Climate Change and Clean Development
Mechanism (CDM) cell‟ in the Rajasthan State Pollution Control Board to act as a nodal agency for
coordinating issues related to climate change in the state. The cell was constituted in April 2010 and
was involved in the drafting of the Climate Change Agenda for Rajasthan (CCAR).
The vision of Rajasthan Climate Change Action Plan (RCCAP) is „to achieve sustainable development
by reducing vulnerability to climate change impacts and enhancing resilience of ecological, economic,
and social systems in Rajasthan‟.
The draft RCCAP, 2011, envisages adverse impact of climate change in four broad sectors: (1) water
resources, (2) agriculture and animal husbandry, (3) forests and biodiversity, and (4) health. The plan
presents broad strategies and enlists short- and long-term measures for mitigation of climate change
impacts on all the four sectors and also outlines other measures to counter climate change, such as
enhanced energy efficiency, building sustainable habitats, and increasing strategic knowledge of
climate change.
Table 11-2: Sectoral climate resilience and carbon reduction strategy – sector wise
Sectors Strategies
Water Resources
Development of a comprehensive database for the assessment of impacts
of climate change on water resources
Ground water management with focus on overexploited areas
Development of drought monitoring and early warning systems
Water conservation and demand management in urban and rural systems
Ministry of Urban Development
[120] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Improving water use efficiency
Agriculture and Animal Husbandry
Development of climate hardy cultivators and livestock
Development of pasturelands and wastelands and restoration of grazing
lands
Creation of a database for climate risk management
Enhancement of productivity of dry lands
Management of multifunctional agroforestry systems
Forestry and Biodiversity
Afforestation/restoration for maximizing the mitigation potential forests
Monitoring of likely shifts in forest types, species, especially in desert
ecosystems and sand dunes
Integration of traditional knowledge in adaptation techniques
Health Enhancement of disease monitoring and surveillance systems
Health impact assessments for vulnerable populations
Greater inter-sectoral convergence to enhance primary, secondary, and
tertiary health care
Energy Efficiency
Inventorisation and management of greenhouse gases
Harnessing of the full renewable energy potential in the state
Focusing on energy efficiency
Sustainable Habitats
Integration of land use and transportation planning
Green building legislation
Reduction of GHG from the transport sector
Urban waste management
Ministry of Urban Development
[121] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
12. Cultural Resources, Heritage, and Tourism
Cultural resources mean historic and cultural significance of the city. Cultural resources include
tangible heritage in terms of built environment including monuments, public buildings, historic areas,
and open spaces of social, ecological, and historical importance. Integrated tourism and culture
development would benefit the local economy as well.
A detailed assessment has been carried out on the heritage value, heritage management plan, and
the projects being implemented. Key findings of the analysis indicate the status of heritage value and
the need of the hour to conserver heritage monuments and heritage management plans. The chapter
presents an overview of built heritage, fair and festivals, and tourism scenario in the city.
12.1 Historical Importance of the Town
Maharana Udai Singh, driven from the citadel of Chittor by the
pursuing armies of the Mughal Emperor Akbar, decided to abandon
the struggle and fled to the hills and ravines of the Aravalis. He
founded Udaipur in 1567, one of the most romantic cities in India.
Udaipur or the city of lakes nestles in a scenic valley, ringed by the
green Aravali hills. It is built around three lakes – Pichola, Fateh
Sagar, and Udai Sagar a little further out.
Udaipur was the last of the capitals of Mewar. The former capitals
were Ahar, Nagda, and Chittaur, and the Sisodia Rajputs of the
ruling house are the acknowledged head of the 36 royal clans.
Claiming to be descents from the divine Lord Rama, King of
Ayodhya and hero of the earliest Indian epic Ramayana (1500 BC),
the Sisodia Rajputs have been ruling Mewar from 144 AD. But their
dynasty was firmly established in the 8th century when Bappa
Rawal, around whom several legends are woven, defeated the
Mori prince of Chittorgarh and founded a kingdom (728 AD.) that
was to blaze a trail of courage and chivalry and to make the name
of Chittor synonymous with valour.
It was at Udaipur that Maharana Uday Singh, son of the famous
Maharana Pratap, was born and brought up. But the past glories of
the Sisodia house so possessed the mind of this hero that he
abandoned the opiate beauties of Udaipur to haunt the ravines and forests of the surrounding Aravalis
in his relentless and continuous efforts to win back Chittor from the Moghuls.
12.2 Existing Situation for Heritage
The city was formerly surrounded by a circular defence wall from all four sides and western side is
bounded by lakes. Eleven gates guard the walled city and most of them are in a bad condition and not
maintained properly. As the city grows, one of the major concerns is conserving lakes, and history and
the rich heritage. Important heritage sectors in the city include:
Royal palace complex
Ministry of Urban Development
[122] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Fort/city wall/pols (gates)
Fort city wall pols (gate)
Temples
Memorials
Lakes and Islands
Embankments
Sites of natural beauty
Heritage streets
Heritage havelis and buildings
Parks and gardens
Udaipur Municipal Corporation has carried out heritage listing for the city. These buildings are
maintained by UMC.
Table 12-1: List of Heritage Structures - UMC
Sr. No. Name of Structure Listing number Typology Ward No.
Gardens/Bagh
1 Sahalio ki Badi UDZ/2013/HL-01 Garden 3
2 Moti Magri UDZ/2013/HL-02 Garden 4
3 Jag Mandir UDZ/2013/HL-03 Garden 9
4 Samor Bagh UDZ/2013/HL-04 Garden 10
5 Meera Park UDZ/2013/HL-05 Garden 11
6 Hemraj Vyayamshala UDZ/2013/HL-06 Park 11
7 Sajjanniwas Bagh UDZ/2013/HL007 Garden 14
8 Champa Bagh UDZ/2013/HL-08 Garden 39
Sanctuary
1 Sajjangadh Wildlife
Sanctuary
UDZ/2013/HL-09 Sanctuary Sajjangadh
hills
Archaeological sites
1 Dhul kot UDZ/2013/AS-01 Archaeological Site 34
Cultural Places
1 Shilpgram UDZ/2013/CP- 01 Craft village 2
2 Lok Kala Mandal UDZ/2013/CP-02 Cultural centre 52
Fort/ Palace
1 Shamshergarh UDZ/2013/RES-01 Fort 4
2 Jag Nivas (Lake Palace) UDZ/2013/ RES -02 Palace 9
3 City Palace Complex UDZ/2013/ RES -03 Palace 10
4 Eklingadh UDZ/2013/ RES -04 Fort 16
Ministry of Urban Development
[123] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
5 Hejan Baika Mahal
(Goverdhan Vilas)
UDZ/2013/ RES -05 Palace 17
6 Indragadh UDZ/2013/ RES -06 Fort 40
7 Ranika Mahal UDZ/2013/ RES -07 Palace 41
8 Sajjangadh Fort UDZ/2013/ RES -08 Fort
9 Bedla Mahal UDZ/2013/ RES -09 Palace
Source: http://www.udaipurmc.org/
Following are also included in the list:
1. Public Buildings and Structures: 12 nos.
2. Hospitals: 4 nos.
3. Institutional: 5 nos.
4. Sarais or Guesthouses: 10 nos.
5. Recreational and others: 4 nos.
6. City gates: 12 nos.
7. City walls: 5 nos.
8. Bridges: 4 nos.
9. Lakes: 8 nos.
10. Rivers: 1 no.
11. Step wells/Kunds: 33 nos.
12. Open spaces
13. Lake embankments
14. City squares
15. Open fields
16. Religious buildings
17. Havelis
18. Residence/Traditional houses
Heritage sites in the city
City Palace:
It was founded by Udai Singh and subsequently
strengthened and augmented by rulers of the region.
The palace complex comprises many structures built
by various rulers over the years. They include Bari
pole, Dhuni Mata temple, Moti Mahal, Krishna Vilas,
Bhim Vilas, and Amar Vilas.
It has striking architectural features with richly
decorated motifs, cornices, and columns, typical to
the Mewad region.
Another typical feature of the palace is the glass
floorings, and tinted glass designs in the Moti Mahal.
The palace is famous for paintings by artists from the
Ministry of Urban Development
[124] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
17th and 18
th century.
Durbar Hall:
It was built under the British rule by Lord Minto, the
viceroy of India in 1909
Striking features of the hall are the paintings of
various Maharanas (royal portrait gallery and
chandeliers of the British era).
Lake Palace:
It was built by Maharana Jagat Sinh II in 1746
Located in the middle of Lake Pichola, it was a
summer residence for previous rules
Built of granite and marble
Remarkable architectural features are the intricately
hand worked glass inlaid designs. The arched doors
and balconies worked in marble.
The palace has been converted into a star hotel and
extensions have been added to the old building.
However, the old architectural character of the
building has been maintained in the newly extended
part also.
Bagore ki Haveli:
The haveli/mansion was built in 1751. In 1875, a
triple arched gate was built that leads to the Gangaur
ghat.
The haveli consists of fine workmanship in glass inlay works,
mirrors and frescos. Other interesting architectural features
are the jharokas, balconies, cupolas, and archways, which
are very typical to the architectural style in this region.
Ahar Museum:
Remains of 4000 ancient human civilization (2000 B.C. – 1400 B.C.)
Ahar village was the ancient capital of the Sisodia dynasty.
The striking architectural features in this site are the ancient cenotaphs and kunds typical to the
Hindu architecture.
Also found at this site are coins, pots, statues, bronze objects, and other historic artefacts of the
Indo Aryan civilization.
Ministry of Urban Development
[125] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Jag Mandir:
This island palace was built by Maharana Jai Singh-I who made several additions to it.
It is constructed amidst Pichola Lake.
Built in 1651, it is a yellow sand stone palace, lined by white marble from inside.
Three storied complex capped by domes. Flooring of white and black marble.
Sahelio ki Bari:
Sahelio ki Bari, or the garden of the Maids of Honor,
is situated below the embankment of Fateh Sagar
Lake.
Originally built by Maharana Sangram Singh II in the
18th century, it was later reconstructed to its original
form by Maharana Fateh Singh. The gardens contain
ornamental lotus pools and finely sculptured chatries
of soft black stone surrounded on all sides by
fountains.
One of the main attractions in the garden is the four
huge elephants, each one sculptured out of a single
piece of stone, which spout out water from their trunk
Sajjangarh Fort:
Sajjangarh – the „monsoon palace‟ of the Maharanas
– is located within a wildlife sanctuary on one of the
highest peaks in Udaipur.
The palace was built by Maharana Sajjan Singh
between 1874-84 and is one of the best places to
view the sunset.
The palace provides a spectacular view of the city.
Within the palace is a picture gallery exhibiting
different wildlife species in the sanctuary.
Nagda Temple:
The ruined temples of Nagda are the remains of the
old city found by Nagaditya, the fourth ruler of the
Mewad dynasty, in the 7th century.
The city, which was a flourishing merchant town, bore
the onslaught of many Muslim invasions until it was
finally devastated in the 13th century, leaving behind
the ancient temples of Sas-Bahu dating back to the
11th century.
The interesting architectural features of this Indo-
Aryan temple are the carved figures on its podium
and mandapa
Ministry of Urban Development
[126] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Jagdish Mandir:
Jagdish Temple, dedicated to Lord Vishnu, was built
by Maharana Jagat Singh in 1651.
The temple is built on a rectangular podium that is 25
ft high.
It is built in the Indo-Aryan style, which has a pillared
porch (mandapa), an intermediate anthrala, and the
inner garbhagriha, covered by a shikhara.
Raised platform of the temple is decorated by
sculptured bands between the plasters.
Four small temples surround the main temple, viz.,
Lord Ganesha, Surya, Mataji, and Lord Shiva.
Eklingji Temple:
This is the first temple of the Mewar dynasty.
Built in 734 AD, the complex of 108 temples is enclosed by a high wall.
The temple of Eklingji, enshrining the chief deity „Lord Shiva‟, is situated at Kailashpuri.
The present structure however dates back to the days of Maharana Raimal.
Inside this shrine is the four-faced image of Lord Shiva in black marble.
Outside the porch, opposite the western face of the image are the statues of Nandi and Bappa
Rawal – the founder of the temple.
Other shrines within the enclosure are that of Shyam, Ganpati, Amba, and Kali.
12.3 Heritage Conservation Initiatives
Various studies have been conducted on the heritage of Udaipur; one of the important studies is the
„Field Workshop on Strategy for Heritage based Sustainable Urban and Territorial Development of
Udaipur‟ supported by the Urban Development Department, Government of Rajasthan, French
Ministry of External Affairs, France-UNESCO programme for heritage, and UNESCO, New Delhi. It
focused on building a platform for sustainable policy for preservation and heritage management in the
city that represents and reflects elements of its cultural, social, economic, architectural, and living
heritage. Various recommendations, strategies, and objectives to improve condition of heritage
structures in Udaipur include:
Setting up a heritage cell in the municipal corporation
Organising heritage walks on various themes: religious, historic, core, and living heritage
Marking heritage spots and heritage zones
Listing and mapping tourist spots
Restricting and controlling building activities in the walled city area and heritage monument
premises
Providing financial as well as technical assistance to the owners of heritage buildings for
maintenance/repair and conservation of heritage buildings
A MoU has been signed between the Udaipur Municipal Corporation and the Government of France
for heritage conservation in the city. In 2011, for a 2 year corporation project based on experience
Ministry of Urban Development
[127] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
gained from exchanges between two cities since 2008. Objective of the corporation project is to
develop a heritage-based urban development plan for Udaipur and to establish Udaipur Heritage
House, providing technical advisory services and study tour opportunities.
12.4 Tourism Scenario
Udaipur city is a well-known tourist destination globally, which is famous for its lakes and is known as
the „city of lakes‟. It receives fourth largest number of tourists in Rajasthan following Mount Abu,
Jaipur, and Pushkar. Tourist growth in Udaipur has been higher than that of state average. Tourism,
one of the key catalysts for Udaipur‟s economic growth, is heavily dependent on city‟s heritage
resources. Tourism is dependent on lakes and hills, architectural heritage, and cultural and regional
linkages. Tourist season in Udaipur starts by August and lasts until March. The period between
October and February is the peak season for tourist activities. Most of the fairs and festivals are also
during this season, which attracts a large number of religious tourists.
12.4.1 Major Tourist Spots
Various tourists places in the city include City Palace, Lake Palace, Jag Mandir, Monsoon Palace,
Jadgdish Temple, Sagasji Mandir, Fateh Sagar Lake, Pichola Lake, Saheliyo ki Bari, Gulab Bagh and
Zoo, Doodh Talai, Nehru Garden, Ahar Museum, and Shilpgram.
12.4.2 Tourist Arrival
As per statistics, the number of tourist arrivals in 2012 was 7.77 lakhs annually, of which the share of
foreign and domestic tourists was 76% and 24%, respectively.
Table 12-2: Tourist Arrivals in Udaipur
Year Domestic tourists
(No.) (% of total)
Foreign tourists (No.) (% of total)
Total tourists (No.)
2000 735333 (90.50) 77174 (9.50) 812507
2001 662826 (92.11) 56760 (7.889) 719586
2002 471576 (82.32) 101303 (17.68) 572879
2003 440702 (73.74) 156928 (26.26) 597630
2004 460774 (69.89) 198556 (30.11) 659330
2005 566076 (76.51) 173804 (23.49) 739880
2006 582504 (75.60) 188026 (24.40) 770530
2007 578643 (78.27) 160627 (21.73) 739270
2008 572415 (75.55) 185261 (24.45) 757676
2009 547102 (76.81) 165210 (23.19) 712312
2010 582297 (77.09) 173016 (22.91) 755313
2011 575444 (76.41) 177699 (23.59) 753143
2012 588239 (75.65) 189373 (24.35) 777612
Source: Rajasthan tourism website
Ministry of Urban Development
[128] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Figure 12-1: Tourist arrivals in Udaipur
The number of foreign tourists has increased during the last four years, and number of total tourists
has also increased.
Figure 12-2: Important tourist spots in the city
12.4.3 Existing Tourist Supported Infrastructure
Udaipur has a number of hotels across different categories (heritage, luxury, deluxe, and budget) and
price ranges. There are around 244 hotels and 941 restaurants in the city. Major heritage hotels
include Fateh Prakash Palace, Shiv Niwas Palace, and Hotel Shikarbadi. Luxury hotels such as Lake
Palace, Udaivilas etc., Deluxe Hotels such as Paras Mahal, India International, Lake Pichola Hotel
etc. and Budget hotels such as Ashish Palace, Caravan Serai, Oriental Palace Resorts, Hotel Udai
Kothi, and lots more have presence in the city. These hotels serve for social, tourism and business
purposes with international level tourist infrastructure and facilities.
Ministry of Urban Development
[129] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
In addition, there are around 75 paying guest accommodation facilities available, which offer
reasonable accommodation below Rs. 1000 per night23
. Other basic infrastructure such as water
supply, sanitation, and transport facilities is also available to tourists.
12.4.4 Existing Tourism Development Initiatives
Presently there are no major tourism initiatives taken up in the city. Under the National Lake
Conservation Programme, various works related to lake conservation and protection are underway.
The project is being implemented by UIT.
Heritage walk is designed to bring diverse culture, traditions, craftsmanship, and motivation for
conservation, preservation of old buildings along with UMC. It is carried out during morning and
evening hours. Fund for heritage walk is given by the Tourism department.
There is a proposal to transfer Jagat Mandir to the Archaeological Survey of India, considering its
importance and heritage value.
12.4.5 Role of Agencies Involved in Tourism Development24
The Tourism Department, Government of Rajasthan, and Rajasthan Tourism Development
Corporation Ltd are the major responsible agencies for tourism related development initiatives. The
Department of Tourism is mainly responsible for; framing policy measures for establishing tourism as
an industry in the state. The state Tourism Policy was framed in 2001.
The mission statement of the Tourism Policy is to evolve a pragmatic policy designed to ensure
optimum utilization of rich tourism resources of the state, to generate employment, especially in rural
areas, to develop a ready market for the rich and varied handicrafts, to preserve varied bio-diversity,
natural historical, cultural and cultural heritage of the state using scientific methods, and to accelerate
the contribution of tourism industry in the socio-economic development of the state by making tourism
a truly people's industry in Rajasthan.
The state government is making numerous efforts to get maximum benefit from the tourism sector.
The Department of Tourism is working as a separate entity for the execution of national and state-
level policies and programmes and also as a coordinating agency for the Central – State Government
Department/offices and private sector activities for the promotion of tourism in the state. Following
efforts are being made at the department level:
Printing of tourism publicity literature
Advertising
International conferences
Films, photos, CDs
Exhibitions
Seminars and conferences
Hospitality
Library
Souvenirs
23
http://www.rajasthantourism.gov.in/Destinations/Udaipur/Paying-Guest-Accommodation.aspx 24
http://www.north-india-tour-packages.com/tourism-department/department-of-tourism-rajsthan.html http://rtdc.in/artdc.htm
Ministry of Urban Development
[130] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Under the control of Tourism Department, two public sector entities i.e. Rajasthan Tourism
Development Corporation Ltd. and Rajasthan State Hotel Corporation Ltd. and one society i.e.
Rajasthan Institute of Tourism and Travel Management are also operating and work for tourism
development in region.
Rajasthan Tourism Development Corporation Ltd. (RTDC)
RTDC is a registered company under the Companies Act, 1956, which is fully owned by the
Government of Rajasthan. RTDC acts as a catalyst to establish, develop, and execute projects and
schemes that accelerate tourism in the state. Functions of RTDC include managing numerous
restaurants, cafeterias, motels, and bars. To enhance the experience of tourists, the corporation also
organizes package tours, fairs, festivals, and entertainment, shopping, and transport services.
Tourism related infrastructure is being developed by RTDC. It acquires land from the state
government to undertake hotel development and other tourism related projects.
12.5 Fairs and Festivals
Colourful fairs and festivals depict the cultural prosperity of Udaipur.
Shilpgram crafts fair, Shilpgram mela is held annually in the west of Udaipur city, during the months of
November/December (for 10 days). It is organized to promote art and craft of Rajasthan. Since, the
state has always been famous for its handicrafts and art work, this fair is a perfect destination to try
out the hand-woven clothes, embroideries, mirror works, and handicrafts. The mela aids in
encouraging the urban potters, visual artists, and designers too. Through this fair, local artists get a
stage to show their creations not just in front of domestic but international tourists as well.
Mewar festival is one of the major festivals celebrated in Udaipur with enthusiasm. It is celebrated to
welcome the arrival of spring season with all zest and dedication. During festival days, the city of
Udaipur gets drenched in colours of festivity. The festival is especially meant for women and offers the
best time when they dress in their finest clothes and join the celebrations of the fest.
To conduct the ceremony, women assemble to dress the images of Isar (Lord Shiva) and Gangaur
(Goddess Parvati). After dressing the idols, they carry them in a traditional procession passing
through different parts of the city. The procession finally moves towards the Gangaur Ghat at Pichola
Lake. At this point, the idols are transported in special boats and immersed in the deep waters of the
lake. When this religious part gets over, people engage into various dances, songs, and other cultural
events revealing the culture of Rajasthan. Mewar festival concludes with a glittering show of fireworks.
Mewar festival spreads a feel of gusto and fervour all over Rajasthan and people enjoy this festival to
its full. This bright and colourful festival attracts tourists from all over to join its charming ceremony of
tradition.
12.6 Traditional – Handicrafts, Silk, and Cuisine
Udaipur handicrafts are mainly categorized into paintings, marble articles, silver art, and terracotta
articles. The paintings at Udaipur were created on cloth as well as on the wall of palaces. Miniature
paintings and pichwais are in great demand in domestic as well as international market.
Marble is found in large quantities at Udaipur and has always been a popular medium for creative
artisans. Small statues made of marble, fountains, stair cases, decorative wall panelling, and marble
furniture are very popular. Thin tiles of marble are used to paint attractive pictures using different
types of colours, and these tiles are used as decorative wall hangings and tabletop decorative
articles.
Ministry of Urban Development
[131] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Another art of Udaipur, which is known the world over, is sliver art. It is used to create a large number
of articles. Traditionally, silver ornaments and sculptures were handcrafted and delicately carved.
Silver utensils are another product that are popular, although among the more affluent class. Then
there are small decorative items made of silver such as flower vases, picture frames, pen, ink pots,
and a lot more. An entirely different art using silver as a wrap is also very popular. Wooden articles
such as chairs, sofas, tables, cupboards, and even doors are prepared. A sheet of silver is wrapped
around the articles.
A variety of products is made using terracotta and is baked in hand made furnaces. These articles are
delicately crafted and are an excellent piece of decoration. Big and small flower vases, lamp stands,
attractive statues, and wall panelling are commonly available.
Udaipur cuisine comprises vegetarian dishes as the place is highly dominated by Jainism and
Vaishnavism. Food is usually prepared from lots of vegetables and lentils. It is seasoned with a variety
of spices that are unique to the land of Rajasthan. Dried mango by the name of 'ocra' and beans of
'sangri' is accompanied by many meals. Deep-fried breads and extensive use of chilli make the
cuisine of Udaipur, a delicious one25
.
12.7 Key Concern Areas for Tourism Development
Limited air and rail connectivity of Udaipur to other Indian states restricting the development
of tourism sector in the city.
Lack of proper and adequate parking facilities for tourist vehicles, leading to congestion and
other problems (especially in old city area)
Lack of reasonable and efficient public transportation facilities within the city
Absence of footpaths for easy walk of tourists
Conservation and protection of heritage structures and lakes; lake water quality monitoring
and strict implementation of monitoring measures
Absence of proper basic infrastructure facilities (water, sanitation, and waste management)
25
http://www.udaipur.org.uk/culture.html
Ministry of Urban Development
[132] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
13. Assessment of Institutions, Systems and
Capacities
13.1 Urban Governance System
Udaipur Nagarpalika Mandal was first established in
December 1922 by the Mewar dynasty. In July 1948,
political members were selected and nagar nigam was
established. After Independence, in order to bring
harmony at the nagar palika level, on 13th October 1959,
a nagar parishad was constituted.
The Municipal Council Udaipur (Nagar Parishad) was
converted to Udaipur Municipal Corporation (UMC) in
April 2013. It is governed by the Rajasthan Municipalities
Act 2009. There are 55 wards under the jurisdiction of UMC.
Executive Wing
UMC consists of an elected body and an executive body. The elected body is headed by the mayor
and includes corporators (parshad) representing 55 wards.
The elections are conducted at a regular interval of five years. The elections are conducted as per the
provisions of the Rajasthan Municipal Act 2009. The Act also provides for reservations for candidates
from scheduled castes (SC), scheduled tribes (ST) and women under Chapter II section (1). The next
municipal elections are due in 2014. UMC has 14 divisional (ward) committees, out of which seven
are mandatory under Section 55 of the Rajasthan Municipalities Act, 2009. These committees include
elected members from wards, officials of respective departments from the corporation, and the
nominated members. The major committees are the finance committee, health and sanitation
committee, slum improvement committee, development committee, etc. The committees have been
assigned responsibility for a department. The finance and executive committees are the financial
decision-making bodies.
Administrative Wing
The Municipal Commissioner is the executive authority of the municipal corporation. The Municipal
Commissioner is one of the authorities charged with carrying out the provision of Municipalities Act
2009. Presently, UMC has two commissioners, one for administrative/execution works and another for
technical works. For administrative convenience, the corporation is organized into various functional
departments such as Engineering, Public Health, Fire, Revenue, Law, Town planning and Accounting.
The other functional areas are Public Relations and HRD.
Ministry of Urban Development
[133] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Figure 13-1: Existing organizational structure of UMC
Source: CRIS
Engineering Department
The Superintending Engineer (SE) is the technical head of the engineering wing. He is responsible
for technical features and designs, and monitoring and inspection of works under his control. The
executive engineer is the technical head of the division and in overall charge of the execution of
engineering works pertaining to the subject/ jurisdiction allocated. The executive engineer is
supported by an assistant and junior engineers.
Fire Department
The Fire Department is directly under the commissioner which is headed by the fire officer and
supported by assistant fire officer. The department looks after fire-related emergencies in the city.
Public Health
The Public Health Department is headed by a health officer (HO). The HO is assisted by the chief
sanitary inspectors of the respective zones. SWM has been taken care of by this department. The
department is also involved in spraying medicines, managing health and environment aspects in
Udaipur.
Revenue Department
The Revenue Department is another key department of UMC. It is responsible for collecting taxes
such as the development tax, advertisement tax, and entertainment tax; issuing notices for recovery
Ministry of Urban Development
[134] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
of tax; and monitoring revenue collections of UMC. The department is headed by a revenue officer
who is assisted by revenue inspectors and assistant revenue inspectors.
Town Planning Department
The deputy town planner heads the Town Planning Department (TPD) in UMC. He/she is responsible
for the integrated and planned development of the city. The town planner has to ensure proper
implementation of building rules, zoning regulations, layout rules, and other rules of town planning.
The TPD has to initiate action against all unauthorized constructions and land use changes, illegal
layouts and sub-division of plots.
Law Department
This department is headed by the law officer and legal advisor. It mostly looks after the legal matters
of UMC.
13.2 Urban Reforms/Transfer of Function (CDP Post 1st
Generation Scenario)
13.2.1 Status of JNNURM Implementation
The Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JnNURM) is a key initiative of the
Government of India to support urban development in the country. It is a seven-year-long reform-
linked grant programme that was initiated in 2005-06. JnNURM was extended till March 2014 for a
period of two years for completion of projects and reforms. Sixty-five Mission cities were selected to
be covered under the programme and are being provided financial assistance to take up projects in
the identified sectors. Assistance for investment in urban infrastructure is contingent upon the
achievement of various mandatory and optional reforms by urban local bodies (ULB) and the
respective state governments. The thrust of the JnNURM is to ensure improvement in urban
governance and service delivery so that the ULBs become financially sound and can undertake new
programmes in a sustained manner. Udaipur being the state capital is one of the Mission cities.
Various sectoral projects are proposed under the 1st generation CDP; of these, only two projects are
sanctioned for implementation. The water supply project was proposed and sanctioned under
UIDSSMT; this project has been completed now. One more water project is underway which is funded
by the water resources department of Rajasthan. A slum improvement project has been taken up
under IHSDP. Sewerage projects were taken up, but could not be implemented due to a legal stay
order and lack of capacity in UMC to undertake the work. Two sewerage projects have been initiated
in the city in 2012-13 with funding assistance from the National Lake Conservation Programme
(NLCP).
Table 13-1: Status of projects implemented under JNNURM
Sr. No.
Project Approved Cost
Expenditure (till Dec 12)
Physical Progress Amount Released
As on March 2013
(Rs in crores) (Rs in crores)
1 Water Supply
379.19 317.11 Work is at finishing stage with 85% of the work completed
Ministry of Urban Development
[135] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
2 Sewerage 41.50 0 Sewerage project under NLCP. Construction work in progress
5 IHSDP 24.60 --- Project has got delayed. 29 Dwelling Units have been upgraded and 222 are in progress.
Issues – overlapping of functions of parastatals in project development, low participation from beneficiaries, lack of staff in UMC
10.00
Total 445.29 317.11 10.00
13.2.2 Progress in Implementation of Reforms – State-Level Reforms
Implementation of the 74th Constitutional Amendment Act: As per the Act, all 18 functions have
been transferred to the ULB. However, actually a few functions like Urban Planning, Regulation of
land use and construction of buildings, Water Supply, Roads and Bridges, Urban forestry, Urban
Poverty Alleviation.(Please use lower caps for these as these are common nouns.) are still with the
parastatals. Efforts have been made for integration of these functions; the detailed steps under taken
are mentioned below.
Urban planning including town planning: Preparation of Master plan rests with the Town Planning
Department. Implementation of the plan will be carried out by UMC and UIT.
Regulation of land-use and construction of buildings: This function is being performed by the
Urban Improvement Trust. It has resulted in identification of zones as per land use, conservation of
the heritage character of zones, and planned implementation of the newly emerged areas.
Planning for economic and social development: This function is being jointly performed by MC
Udaipur and UIT.
Roads and bridges: Presently, some of the major roads in MC Udaipur are being maintained by
UMC. In the UIT- developed area, UIT is responsible for the maintenance of roads.
Water supply: Only distribution of water supply has been entrusted to the Public Health and
Engineering Department. All schemes regarding lifting of water supply to Udaipur City have been
executed and maintained by the PHED department.
Public health, sanitation and SWM: This function except the function of hospitals and dispensaries
lies with MC Udaipur. The hospitals and dispensaries within the MC area are being maintained by the
State Health Department. Solid waste management and sanitation-related work is also being carried
out by UMC.
Fire services: This function rests with UMC.
Urban forestry: Urban forestry function lies with the State Forest Department.
Safeguarding the interests of weaker sections: This function lies with UIT and UMC.
Slum improvement/up-gradation: This function rests with MC Udaipur and UIT.
Ministry of Urban Development
[136] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Promotion of urban amenities and facilities – parks and gardens, cultural, educational and
aesthetic aspects, burial grounds, public amenities including street lighting, parking lots, bus stops
and public convenience, and regulation of slaughter house is the responsibility of UMC.
13.2.3 ULB-Level Reforms – Mandatory and Optional
Table 13-2: City-level status of mandatory reforms under JNNURM
Reforms Commitment Year/ Status
Status Update
L1 e-Governance setup
Completed E-governance running in the department, 16 modules have been developed and implemented.
It is very important to note that the UMC officers are dependent on E-governance module developer and its support staff for day-to-day use of modules. Some of the modules are not being used too.
L2 Shift to accrual-based double-entry accounting
Completed Completed
Asset register is updated on time-to-time basis.
L3 Property tax (85% coverage)
Not Initiated Not implemented as yet
No political will to implement the property tax system. Arrears of Rs.32 crores in UD tax pending
GIS mapping for properties have not been done. A property tax survey was last conducted in 2008.
Property Tax (90% collection efficiency)
L4 100% cost recovery (Water supply)
Under progress
29.71 % of cost recovery in 2012-13
100% cost recovery (Solid waste management)
Not Initiated No user charges are levied for Solid Waste Management in the city.
Rs.2 crores has been allocated for SWM in the budget of 2012-13. However, O&M expenses are higher than the budget provisioning.
L5 Internal earmarking of funds for services to urban poor
Under progress
No separate budget for urban poor is prepared. However, under each subsection, relevant budget allocation for the urban poor has been made in Budget 2012-13.
These heads are as follows:
Capital grant under Backward Regional Grant (BRG) Fund;
Maintenance of Roads/Gutters In Kachhi Basti;
Water Pipeline In Kachhi Basti;
Misc Construction Works In Kachi Basti;
Expenses against RAY and IHSDP
L6 Basic services to urban poor
Under progress
RAY survey for the city has been completed in 2009 and detailed information regarding the physical infrastructure is available. No GIS mapping has been done as yet.
An external consultant has been hired for drawing up a Slum-Free city plan and work is in progress,
Under IHSDP, a sum of Rs.24.55 crores has been sanctioned for up-gradation /relocation of households.
Source: UMC
Ministry of Urban Development
[137] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Table 13-3: Optional Reforms at ULB level
Optional Reforms Commitment Year/
Status
Remarks
01 Introduction of Property Title Certification System
2009-10 No initiative
02 Revision of building byelaws – Streamlining the approval process
2007-08 In progress
03 Revision of building byelaws - Mandatory rainwater harvesting in all buildings
Completed
Rain Water Harvesting system has been included as mandatory for sanctioning of building plan.
04 Earmarking 25% developed land in all housing projects for EWS/LIG
Completed
For new colonies proposed and housing board‟s new proposals, EWS housing is mandatory as per affordable housing policy in Rajasthan.
05 Simplification of legal and procedural framework for conversion of agricultural land for non-agricultural purpose
Under Progress
Process implemented by UIT. For the land falling within municipal boundaries, the conversion authority is UIT. However, under the building bylaws, the process has been simplified and it takes approximately one month for issuance of approval.
06 Introduction of computerized process of registration of land and property
Under Progress
07 Byelaws on reuse of recycled water
Completed A 20 MLD waste water recycling plant is developed on PPP basis
08 Administrative reforms Not Initiated No HR policy etc. The establishment section is facing a serious staffing issue.
No track records of training/ workshop etc. are kept by a single department in UMC.
09 Structural reforms Not initiated There has been no such implementation as yet.
10 Encouraging public-private partnership
Completed Provision has been included in the Rajasthan Municipalities Act. Many projects are being undertaken through PPP like street lights, water supply (PHED); Sewerage (DBOT basis to Hindustan Zinc Ltd.) and Solid waste collection. Officials are well aware of PPP. Workshops have also been conducted for PPP in urban services.
13.3 Roles and Responsibilities of various Institutions
The urban institutional setup in Udaipur comprises several agencies that are responsible for
provision, operations and maintenance of the urban services in the city. UMC is the main civic body
for the city municipal area. The other major departments involved in urban service provisioning and
management are UIT, PHED, PWD, and the Rajasthan Housing Board (RHB).
UIT is responsible for the preparation and implementation of development plans and infrastructure
projects in UIT-notified rural as well as urban areas. It is one of the important institutions working in
Udaipur. The functions of water supply and sewerage are undertaken by PHED. The Rajasthan
Ministry of Urban Development
[138] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Housing Board (RHB) is an autonomous parastatal body for providing urban housing in the Rajasthan
state.
Table 13-4: Roles and Responsibilities of Various Institutions
Urban Infrastructure Service
Planning and Design
Construction/
Implementation
O&M Policy making
Regulation
Water and Sanitation
PHED PHED PHED PHED PHED
Sewerage UIT PHED, UIT
(The first phase of sewerage project in the city was undertaken by PHED and the second phase has been undertaken by UIT)
UIT
UMC
PHED PHED
Drainage
Solid Waste Management
UMC UMC UMC UMC UMC
Urban Transport
Urban poor settlements
UMC, UIT UMC, UIT UMC, UIT
UMC, UIT
UMC, UIT
Environment Protection
RPCB26
, FD
27
RPCB, FD RPCB, FD
RPCB, FD
RPCB, FD
Street Lighting
UMC, UIT PWD
UMC ,UIT PWD UMC, UIT PWD
UMC, UIT PWD
UMC, UIT PWD
Source: CRIS analysis
13.4 Key Issues
UMC‟s technical and accounts departments are facing staff crunch. The state has recently
revised the municipal cadre defined in 1968. It has issued orders for recruitment of officers as
per the revised cadre in two phases.
Varying and short tenure periods of technical officers indicate lack of institutional memory at
the corporation level.
The function of maintenance of sewerage services has been transferred to UMC. There is a
serious technical/ skilled staff deficit in the Sewerage Department that is hampering its
performance of its assigned functions.
Implementation of e-governance modules has improved database management and the
speed of working in UMC. However, departments have become dependent on outsourced
agencies for day-to-day working. This has delayed the initiation of other e-governance
26
RPCB: Rajasthan Pollution Control Board 27
FD: Forest Department
Ministry of Urban Development
[139] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
reforms. Proper handholding support to the officers in operating e-governance modules and
rationalized work management is required for efficient functioning.
The need for hand-holding for the newly framed property taxation rules is felt in Urban
Development and the Tax Department.
There is lack of coordination, communication and management among the municipal
corporation and other parastatal organizations.
Ministry of Urban Development
[140] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
14. Financial Assessment
Financial management and accounts are the principal functions of the Accounts Department, headed
by the Chief Accounts Officer. The Accounts Section also monitors grants, state government transfers
and devolution, and manages debt servicing, provident fund accounts, pensions, salaries, and
advances.
Budgeting is an annual process at UMC. The process of budget preparation is initiated in the month of
November every financial year. Heads of all sections/departments primarily submit receipts and
expenditures along with a tentative budget for each of the sections to the department.
14.1 First-Generation CDP: Key Features of Municipal Finance
Key Features of Municipal Finance as per 1st
Generation CDP
Salient features The financial status has been reviewed from 2001-02 to 2004-05.
Revenue income increased at a CAGR of 13.21 percent while revenue expenditure shows a CAGR of 5.10 percent. This indicates the Municipal Corporation has not been able to manage its revenue account well over the years.
Around 14 percent of the revenue income comes from charges/penalties. The rest comes from work credits.
Administrative charges, salaries and other work deductions account for a significant part of revenue expenditure. Salary constitutes a large percentage of revenue expenditure while only two percent is accounted for by office expenditure.
Capital income mainly comes from sale of land, plots and houses. This is followed by income from grants/loans and other heads.
A large percentage of capital expenditure is on non-scheme areas followed by scheme wise development works.
There is a large dependency on non-revenue based income.
Key Issues:
UMC had an overall fiscal deficit during the assessment period. The operating ratio was 0.69.
During the assessment period, the income from tax was 68 percent of the total income. The growth rate for tax-based income was showing a declining trend and registered an average 10 percent.
Tax revenue share at an average was 68% of the total income, and non-tax was 32%. However, the growth rate of tax revenues in the last five years was negative as compared to 10% average growth rate in non-tax revenues.
The share of income from the urban development tax was low at an average of 0.52% of the total revenue income.
The average per capita income was Rs. 1,180 and per capita expenditure was Rs. 1,010 over the assessment period of five years.
The first-generation CDP does not provide a detailed analysis of the financial status of UMC.
Ministry of Urban Development
[141] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
14.2 Key Financial Indicators
The table below provides the key financial indicators of UMC.
Table 14-1: Changes in Municipal Finance
Indicator Present status (2013-2014)
Own revenues as a proportion of total revenue receipts 23%
Per capita own revenues Rs.344
Non-tax revenues as a proportion of own revenues 64%
Per capita property tax demand Rs.44
Operating ratio (revenue expenditure/revenue receipts) 0.64
Per capita O&M expenditure Rs.320
Salaries – percentage of revenue income 40%
Salaries – percentage of revenue expenditure 61%
Deb servicing coverage ratio -
The per capita own revenue of UMC has improved from Rs. 163 in the year 2008-09 to Rs. 344 in the
year 2013-14. Operating ratio has improved from 0.83 in 2008-09 to 0.55 in 2012-13. The per capita
expenditure on salaries has increased to Rs. 753 in 2012-13 from Rs. 542 in 2008-09. Per capita
expenditure on O&M is showing decreasing trend. It was Rs. 405 in 2008-09 which has reduced to
Rs. 331 in 2012-13. It may be inferred that UMC has either not made any incremental investments for
infrastructure during assessment period.
14.3 Assessment of Municipal Finance
This section provides an understanding of the finances of UMC. The financial statements have been
analyzed for a period of five years, from FY 2008-09 to FY 2012-13. The analysis has been done
separately for the revenue account and capital account.
UMC administers and maintains its finances and accounts as per the Rajasthan Municipalities Act,
2009 (Chapter VI to VIII, sections 90 to 151). Daily accounting matters are handled by the Accounts
Department of UMC in coordination with other departments. The bills and invoices generated are sent
to the e-governance department for double-entry book-keeping.
The municipal budget is prepared in accordance with the Rajasthan Municipalities Act, 2009 (Chapter
V, section 87). The budget estimate is prepared with the approval of the commissioner by the 15th
or
maximum by 31st January of every year or as per the date decided by the executive committee. The
final budget estimates are passed by the corporation not later than 15th February of each year. The
accounts of the Udaipur Municipal Corporation are being maintained under the Double-Entry
Accounting System since 2005-06.
14.3.1 Status of Municipal Finance
An analysis of the revenues and expenditures of UMC during the assessment period FY 2008-09 to
2012-13 suggests that UMC has a revenue-surplus account. Revenue income has increased at a
CAGR of 12.56%. Income has grown from Rs. 50.42 crores in 2008-2009 to Rs.91.09 crores in 2012-
2013. Expenditure has also increased from Rs.41.71 crores in 2008-2009 to Rs.49.89 crores in 2012-
Ministry of Urban Development
[142] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
2013. The capital account was in deficit in these years. Owing to a surplus on revenue account, the
overall account of UMC has been in surplus during the assessment period.
Table 14-2: Income and Expenditure of UMC
Particular ( Rs in crores) 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 CAGR%
REVENUE ACCOUNT
Revenue income 50.42 56.74 62.01 78.75 91.10 12.56
Revenue expenditure 41.72 45.93 41.40 27.83 49.90 3.65
Surplus/ deficit - revenue account 8.70 10.81 20.61 50.92 41.20
Operating ratio 0.83 0.81 0.67 0.35 0.55
CAPITAL ACCOUNT
Capital income 24.52 12.74 10.28 15.36 19.83 -4.16
Capital expenditure 43.18 21.08 22.41 17.22 38.01 -2.52
Surplus/ deficit - capital account (18.66) (8.34) (12.13) (1.86) (18.18)
Capital utilisation ratio 1.76 1.65 2.18 1.12 1.92
Source: UMC and CRIS analysis
Deviation from budget and actual (Rs. Crores)
INCOME
Total budget estimate 118.36 118.08 129.28 89.39 99.95
Actual income 76.84 70.02 73.84 94.80 111.83
EXPENDITURE
Total budget estimate 140.52 105.02 130.33 95.85 135.75
Actual expenditure 89.06 69.64 65.43 45.18 90.38
Source: UMC budget 2008-09 to 2013-14
Figure 14-1: Overview of Financial Position of UMC
Source: UMC and CRIS analysis
Ministry of Urban Development
[143] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
14.4 Revenue Account
The trends in revenue income and revenue expenditure have been analyzed.
14.4.1 Revenue Income
The major sources of revenue income for UMC are
own sources of revenue – tax and non-tax income,
assigned revenues, and grants from the Central and
state governments. The breakup of the aggregate of
revenue receipts from FY 2008-09 to FY 2012-13
shows that assigned revenue and compensation
forms 68.61 percent of total income; 23.47 percent
is accounted for by fees and licenses and only 5.50
percent by tax revenue sources.
Table 14-3: Revenue Income Constitutes
Revenue Item (Rs. Lakh) 2008-09* 2009-10 2010-2011 2011-12 2012-13
Taxes 112 424 320 440 501
Non-tax income 607 571 707 1505 2138
Assigned revenue, grants and contribution
4323 4680 5174 6471 5577
Total 5042 5674 6201 7875 9110
*amount in Rs. Lakh
Source: CRIS analysis and UMC
Tax Revenue: Urban development (UD) tax is the major tax revenue source for UMC. The
UD tax is levied on land and buildings within the municipal area. It was introduced in 2007
with an amendment to the municipal act, while abolishing the earlier imposed house tax. The
collection of UD tax increased from Rs. 1.12 crore in FY 2008-09 to Rs. 5.013 crore in FY
2012-13, contributing 5.50 percent of own revenue sources. The last survey of properties was
done in 2007. Apart from the UD tax, UMC imposes four other taxes: taxes on boats, toy
trains, advertisements and cattle ponds.
Figure 14-2: Tax and Non-tax sources of Revenue Income
Ministry of Urban Development
[144] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Source: CRIS analysis and UMC
Non-tax income: Non-tax income is generated from sources such as building permission
fees, building regularization fees, licenses (food licenses, garden licenses), fees from birth
and death registration and marriage registration, parking fees, septic tank cleaning fees, fair
fees, rent from municipal properties, and interests on investments.
Land-related income is a major source of revenue in Udaipur. Land prices in Udaipur are
high due to its tourism potential. The breakup of the total tax and non-tax revenue sources in
UMC shows that building regularization fees form the major own source of revenue income. It
increased from Rs.4 crores in FY 2011-12 to Rs. 9.44 crores in FY 2012-13, and contributes
35 percent of the total own sources of revenue collected by UMC. Building permission fees
contribute nine percent of own revenue sources.
Grants: The octroi compensation grant and 12th
/13th Finance Commission grants are the key
assigned revenues of UMC. They constitute 91% of the total grants and also share 66% of
the total revenue income of UMC. Other grants contribute less than 9 percent of the revenue
income.
14.4.1.1 Levy of tax on land and buildings
The urban development tax is levied as per the Rajasthan Land Tax Rules 2006, based on the
District-Level Committee (DLC) rate, taking into account the total area of land and the built-up area.
Self-assessment of properties for property tax has been implemented in UMC.
For collection of land tax, UMC has a separate department called the Urban Development Tax
Department. The staff of the department constitutes of one revenue officer and three UDCs. Out of
the three UDCs, two are retired officers and recruited on contract basis, and one is due for retirement
next year. The assessment of properties is done by the UDT Department and generation of demand
and billing is done by the e-governance department. Bills are distributed through courier service.
Billing is done quarterly – bills are generated by April and reach the tax payers by mid-August every
year.
The UD tax for properties with area more than 2,700 sq. ft. (domestic) and 900 sq. ft. (industrial) is
levied as per the prevalent District Land price Committee (DLC) rates of each area. The UD tax is
collected as per the following formula: (Area of plot X DLC Rate) / 1000.
The last survey of properties in Udaipur was done in 2007. A random survey of the properties is in
progress. There are 97,530 assessed properties in Udaipur.
Table 14-4: Number of properties in Udaipur
Type Number of Properties
Residential 77,370
Commercial 12,232
Industrial 22
Institutional 278
Mixed Use 7,628
Total 97,530
Source: UMC
The total UD tax demand generated in 2012-13 for UD tax was Rs. 36.11 crore, out of which more
than 80% was accounted for by arrears demand. Only 10 percent of the total demand was collected
Ministry of Urban Development
[145] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
amounting to Rs. 3.75 crores. One of the reasons for the low collection ratios is that UMC does not
follow up with defaulters for tax recovery.
Table 14-5: DCB Statement of Urban Development Tax (in crores)
Particular 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13
Demand
Arrears 5.61 12.29 22.61 24.91 28.98
Current 6.87 13.55 4.69 7.15 7.14
Total Demand 12.47 25.83 27.31 32.06 36.11
Collection
Collection 0.18 3.23 2.39 3.08 3.75
Collection Efficiency % 1.47 12.49 8.76 9.62 10.39
Source: UMC and CRIS analysis
The urban development tax department has only four personnel for assessment, distribution of bills,
collection and imposition of notices. The last survey of properties was conducted in 2007 and there is
a potential to bring more properties under the tax net.
14.4.2 Revenue Expenditure
Revenue expenditure in UMC in FY 2008-09 was Rs. 41.72 crores which increased to Rs. 49.89
crores in 2012-13. The two major components of revenue expenditure are establishment and O& M
expenses.
Figure 14-3: Revenue expenditure
Source: CRIS analysis and UMC
Table 14-6: Overview of expenditure constitutes
Revenue Item 2008-09* 2009-10 2010-2011 2011-12 2012-13
Establishment expenses 2386 2925 2904 1255 3465
O&M expenses 1785 1669 1236 1528 1524
Total 4172 4593 4140 2783 4990
Ministry of Urban Development
[146] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Source: CRIS analysis
* Amount in lakhs
Establishment: Establishment expenditure is the largest component of revenue expenditure in
UMC. In FY 2012-13, salaries and allowances paid to employees accounted for around 69
percent of the total revenue expenditure. This has grown from Rs. 23.86 crores in 2008-09 to Rs.
34.65 crores in 2012-13. On an average, for the last three financial years (2010-11 to 2012-13),
expenditure on salaries has been 62 of the total revenue receipts of UMC.
Operation and Maintenance: O&M expenditure is the second-largest component of revenue
expenditure. It decreased from Rs. 17.85 crores in FY 2008-09 to Rs. 15.24 crores in FY 2012-13,
thus showing a CAGR of (-2.60%). The major components of O&M expenditure related to public
health (26%), lighting (23%), and public repairs (16%) in FY 2012-13.
14.5 Capital Account
The Capital Account comprises Capital Income (CI) and Capital Expenditure (CE). An analysis of
each of the above elements is presented as under.
14.5.1 Capital Income
Income from land and capital grants is the main component of capital income of UMC. UMC receives
capital grants from Central Government schemes such as Finance Commission grants, RAY, and
IHSDP, and from state government schemes such as SJSVY, and special purpose grants. Backward
Region Grant Funds (BRGF) and sales from land were the major sources of capital income.
Capital income of the corporation decreased from Rs. 24.52 crores in FY 2008-09 to Rs. 19.83 crores
in 2012-13, at a CAGR of (-3.48 percent). Central govt. grants including JNnURM and other grants
have decreased over the years while state govt. grants and MLA/MPs have increased from FY 2008-
09 to FY 2012-13.
The share of JnNURM grants is lower as UMC is not implementing projects approved under JnNURM.
UMC is implementing in-situ slum development projects approved under the IHSDP scheme. A larger
component of the IHSDP project for developing new buildings is being implemented by UIT.
Figure 14-4: Capital income
The income from sale from land contributed 20% of the total capital income in 2012-13. UMC also
receives 18% of its total revenue collected by UIT from the sale of land, every year. All land under
municipal jurisdiction has been transferred to UIT by the state government.
Ministry of Urban Development
[147] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
14.5.2 Capital Expenditure
Capital expenditure of the corporation increased from Rs. 43.18 crore in FY 2008-09 to Rs. 38.01
crore in FY 2012-13. On an average, in the last three years, the largest capital expenditure has been
on capital works (60 percent), capital / developmental works like beautification of parks and public
places, projects under the National Lake Conservation programme, and capital works of drainage,
roads, sewerage projects, construction of public health, sports development, construction of
dispensaries, and other buildings.
Loans and liability – UMC has no outstanding loans and liabilities, as per the current financial year
2012-13.
Figure 14-5: Capital expenditure
14.6 Key Issues
Potential in taxation not realized: The UD tax levied on properties allows for higher exemption as
compared to property tax. The state government has developed rules for levying property tax. The
UMC should impose property tax for leveraging the real tax potential. Apart from UD tax, the other tax
levied contributes only 6 to 7% of UMC‟s total revenue. These are from taxes on boats, toy trains,
cattle pounds, and advertisements. Entertainment tax which was levied earlier has been repealed, for
which UMC receives compensation from the state government. UMC may also impose a sanitation
tax.
No revenue generation through user charges: UMC does not collect user charges for providing
solid waste management services. There is no separate provision for sewerage and SWM services
and both are covered under sanitation. Insufficient financial allocations in budget for sanitation lead to
inadequate service delivery. Water supply is provided by PHED and user charges for water are
collected by PHED.
Budget preparation: The budget documents are not published. A separate budget for urban poor is
not being prepared.
Implementation of accounting system: The department has adapted to DEAS. The clerical staff
involved in day-to-day record-keeping and budget preparation does not have skills for managing
DEAS.
Ministry of Urban Development
[148] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
15. City Vision, Development Goals and Strategies
„Vision‟ in the context of the CDP is a vivid and idealized description of a desired outcome that
inspires, energizes, and helps the stakeholders create a future picture of the city with positive
changes. It can also be defined as that position which the city aspires to reach in the medium to long-
term (beyond 10 years but within 20- 30 years). It is important that the vision for a city is defined in
simple terms, which all citizens can share and identify with.
In the above context, CRIS team had conducted a wide range of stakeholder consultations in the city.
Further, the team in association with UMC organized a consultative workshop on 9th June 14 at
UMC‟s conference room. The objective of the workshop was to discuss the status and performance of
the service delivery and to understand the aspirations of the citizens on city development and framing
of the vision for Udaipur. The workshop was attended by the various stakeholders of the city.
The present chapter provides a documentation of the discussions carried out with various city based
stakeholders. Further, the details of the 1st stakeholder workshop conducted in the city for vision
formulation has been provided. The sector wise vision, development goals and action plans to fulfil
the overall vision for the city has been discussed.
15.1 Stakeholder Consultation
The Government of India has envisaged the revised CDP preparation process through consultative
and participatory approach. This requires the involvement of various stakeholders at the ULB,
regional, and state level. In view of this, CRIS team conducted consultative meetings with city wide
stakeholders to discuss the status and performance of the service delivery mechanism and
aspirations of the citizens on city development, and to ensure a participatory and inclusive
development process.
The CRIS team carried out discussion with various stakeholders of the city about service
improvement in the priority sectors. The table below gives the priority sectors as suggested by the
stakeholders.
Table 15-1: Stakeholder Priority Sectors
Sector Requirement Priority
Sewerage and
sanitation
Underground drainage system with safe disposal and treatment of
sewage i.e. Complete sewerage network and STP
1
Strom water
drainage
An integrated storm water drainage system 2
Solid waste
management
Solid waste management and treatment facility 3
Traffic
management
Road widening, footpaths, parking lots and integration of transport
nodes
4
Urban poverty Slum housing and provision of infrastructure 5
Heritage and
Tourism
Conservation of historical monuments, providing tourist infrastructure
and improving facilities near existing religious places
6
Governance Capacity building of UMC staff, e-governance 7
Drinking water 24 hour water supply, cost recovery 8
Focus group discussion
Ministry of Urban Development
[149] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
The team has conducted stakeholder consultations with Government department officials of various
Parastatal agencies, Business and trade organisations like Hoteliers‟ Association, etc. Further, the
views of academicians and city level CBOs and NGOs have been gathered.
15.2 Workshop Process
In order to ensure a participatory and inclusive development process, the CRIS team in association
with UMC, organized a consultative workshop in UMC‟s Conference Hall on 9th June 2014 at 4.30 pm.
The objectives of the workshop were to discuss the status and performance of the service delivery
mechanism in Udaipur, conduct a city SWOT analysis, and understand citizen aspirations on city
development and framing of the vision for Udaipur.
The workshop was chaired by the honourbale mayor of UMC. Around 50 participants took part in the
consultative process. There were representatives from parastatal agencies like UIT, traffic police etc.,
representatives of hotel associations, advocates and parshad from different wards. The municipal
commissioners and department heads of UMC were also present for the consultative workshop. The
city mayor and CRIS representatives welcomed the stakeholders and briefed them about the
objective of the revision of the city development plan for Udaipur.
The CRIS team made a presentation on city level assessment and SWOT analysis. Subsequent to
the presentation, a question and answer session was conducted to address the concerns of the
stakeholders. A feedback sheet was shared with the participants for sharing their concerns related to
status of service provisioning, governance and their vision for the development of the city. The select
filled up feedback sheets are attached as annexure to this report for reference.
Figure 15-1: Pictures of stakeholder’s meeting
Ministry of Urban Development
[150] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
UMC had ensured sufficient outreach for the stakeholder workshop through print and electronic
media.
Source: Rajasthan Patrika – Udaipur, 10th
June 2014
The proceeding of workshop has been uploaded on the website of UMC. Screenshot for the same is
provided below reference.
During consultations, carried out prior to the workshop, relevant stakeholders were appraised on the
need for the revision of the city development plan for Udaipur. The participants have shown pro-
activeness in sharing their visions for the city. The following are the key issues and suggestions given
by the stakeholders.
15.3 The issues identified
Following table provide the key issues identified in the each sector during the city level workshop.
Ministry of Urban Development
[151] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Table 15-2: Key issues raised by Stakeholders
Sector Issues Raised by Stakeholders
Water Supply Water supply not uniform/even in all the areas of the city.
The duration of water supply is not adequate
Leakage from pipelines is an issue
Sewerage and Sanitation Low coverage and absence of proper disposal system
Absence of toilets in slum areas of the city
Sewage from the city goes into Ayad river which meets the
Udai Sagar lake
Storm water drainage Absence of storm water drainage system in the city
Lack of proper cleaning of open and closed drains
Disposal of sewage into storm water drains and mixing of
storm water with sewage
Disposal of solid waste into drains
Solid Waste Management Low coverage of Door to Door waste collection facility
The waste is not collected adequately
Absence of waste segregation practice
Lack of scientific waste treatment and disposal facility
Absence of adequate solid waste management in the city
Traffic and Transportation Lack of public transportation and traffic management system
Parking and traffic congestion
Urban poverty and slums Absence of basic infrastructure facilities in slum areas of the
city
Urban environment and
spatial planning
High level of pollution
Urban governance Urban governance is not capable to efficiently provide
services due to lack of skilled manpower
Local economy
development
The connectivity of the city with other parts of India need to
be strengthened with more number of trains, flights and roads
Source: Information given by stakeholders during stakeholder’s consultations
15.4 Stakeholder Suggestions
The stakeholders have suggested the following suggestions on the each sector.
Sector Stakeholders suggestions
Local Economy
Tax structure should be proposed
Houses and building tax
City entrance charges
More budget allocation is required for developmental works
Increase in tourism related activities needed
Tourism sector and medical tourism should be promoted
Air connectivity to major Indian cities needed
Business should be developed to improve employment scenario like
household business, cottage industries and agriculture related
Ministry of Urban Development
[152] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Sector Stakeholders suggestions
business
Explore quality product marketing and strategies for local industries
related to handicrafts
Establishment of at-least two hotel and catering
management/training institutes
Water Supply Need for overhead water tanks in new colonies and laying of pipes
for water supply in new areas
Proper distribution of water in low-lying areas
Augmentation of water resources
Water connection to each person in the city
Daily water supply and metering for all connections
Removal of fluoride
Water recharging structures
Sewerage and
Sanitation
Need for sewerage and sanitation system in new developing areas
Stopping disposal of sewage in natural water sources
Household – level sewerage network connections
Need for entire city to be covered by the sewerage network
Potable water should not be used in WCs
Solid Waste
Management
Need for proposals for solid waste in outer areas
Proper plan for solid waste management is required
Creating awareness among people for waste management
IEC activities to segregate waste at household level
Establishment of waste treatment plant and scientific landfill site
Strom Water
Drainage
Need for separate storm water drain lines
Drainage plan is required for the city
Need to connect small nallas with big nallas for water provision
Traffic and
Transportation
Provision of over and under bridge
Provision for public transport
Awareness of traffic management and rules and regulations for traffic
management
Penalty for violating rules and regulations
Flyovers are required
Stray animals should be managed; developing a centre for stray
animals
Road widening needed
Providing pocket parking facilities (area-wise)
Redesigning of junctions is needed
New CTS system can be implemented only by providing alternate
employment to existing taxi drivers
Disposal of cars/vehicles older than three years
Urban poverty and
slums
EWS housing scheme is needed for urban poor
Proper area and basic infrastructure facilities to be given to slum-
dwellers
Land is given to slum dweller under patta scheme; these slum
dwellers are not ready for relocation schemes of IHSDP
De-notification of slums is required
In – situ development for slums require support through micro
Ministry of Urban Development
[153] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Sector Stakeholders suggestions
finance or state government for ensuring beneficiary contribution
Urban Environment Urban forestry scheme is required in urban areas
Greening of junctions
Provision of good parks
Proper master plan for green area is required to be prepared
Road side plantation is required
Provision of pedestrian and cyclist track
Strict implementation of anti-encroachment rules to avoid congestion
on public streets
Emphasis on solar energy
Social and cultural
infrastructure
Convention hall needed in the city
Construction of community centre
Amusement park
Ensuring heritage and culture of the city; newly constructed buildings
in the city should be given heritage look
Conserve city heritage
Urban governance Different agencies are required for different projects implementation
Computerization of all government departments is a must
Coordination between different institutions is required
Source: Information given by stakeholders during stakeholder’s consultations
15.5 Projects/ measures identified during stakeholder
consultation
The following list of projects has been identified through various consultations and workshop
strategies.
Table 15-3: Projects identified through stakeholder consultations
Sector Projects Identified
Wa
ter
Su
pp
ly
24 X 7 Water Supply
100% treatment capacity
Distribution network coverage to city periphery & newly merged villages, augmentation
of source, refurbishment of old network
Metering - Flow meters, Bulk meters and Consumer end metering
Database management for SLB, ISIP and PIP
Replacement of existing pump sets with energy efficient pumps
Se
we
rag
e &
Sa
nit
ati
on
UGD network coverage
Fecal sludge management
Sewage Treatment Plants
Community toilets in Urban centers & Slums
Eco toilets in Parks and tourism areas
Mapping of existing sewerage network and house sewer connections
So
lid
Wa
ste
Ma
na
ge
me
nt IEC and awareness campaign, introduction of SWM user charge
Fleet augmentation
Ministry of Urban Development
[154] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Sector Projects Identified
Development of transfer stations with compaction and recycling units
MSWM Storage capacity
Waste segregation & Recycling unit
Compost plant
Scientific Landfill site and scientific closure of dump site
Str
om
Wa
ter
Dra
inag
e
Improvement of existing nalas with retaining walls
Augmentation of Strom water network
Stopping sewage disposal into storm water drains
Channelizing water to existing water bodies of city
Rain water harvesting structures in parks, open spaces and Govt. Buildings
Tra
ffic
& T
ran
sp
ort
ati
on
Lo
w c
arb
on
mo
bilit
y
Tra
ffic
man
ag
em
en
t
Road widening along identified arteries as per Master plan
Construction of Fly overs
Junction improvements
Preparing traffic management plan
Introducing non-motorised transport for tourists and citizens
City level bus transit system
Developing pedestrian areas at tourism sites located in the walled city area
Park and ride facilities at Public transport system
Multi-level car parking
Street Lighting
Solar street lighting
Bicycle tracks and bicycle sharing programme for tourists and locals
Intelligent transport systems
Improving signaling & surveillance at intersections
IHS
DP
Housing and Infrastructure
In-situ Development in Identified slums
Community areas
Providing support to beneficiaries for managing their component of investment
So
cia
l
Infr
astr
uc
tur
e
Establishment of Primary, Upper Primary and High schools
Improvements and Infrastructure provisions in existing schools
Development of Health centers in newly merged villages
Developing parks and gardens at community level
Urb
an
En
vir
on
me
nt
&
Sp
ati
al P
lan
nin
g
Plantation along roads and Traffic Islands
Development of ghats and improve access to these ghats
Conservation of water bodies and urban forests
Restoration of walls around walled city
Inlet channels for rainwater runoff
Bio remediation and eutrophication removal for water bodies
Development of green area around the city
Lo
ca
l
Ec
on
om
y
Creation of cultural centre
Relocation of markets in congested areas and construction on new markets
Development of entertainment city, education and health townships as defined under
Ministry of Urban Development
[155] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Sector Projects Identified
master plan
Development of growth centres as per master plan: Dabok-Gudli and Umarda
Development of logistics infrastructure and transport nagar facilities at growth centres
Urb
an
Re
new
al &
He
rita
ge
City beautification
Developing and implementing heritage bye laws
Direction and Information signage improvement
Tourist information centers
Restoration and conservation of city heritage structures
Restoration of parks and gardens
Mu
nic
ipa
l F
ina
nc
e
& G
ove
rna
nc
e Hand holding support and skill development of staff for managing E- Governance
applications
Hand holding support and skill development of staff for managing DEAS
Development of MIS for project implementation monitoring
Development of MIS on performance and outcome of Budget
Formulation of parking policy
Ministry of Urban Development
[156] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
15.6 Vision Statement
Subsequent to the consultation on the issues and strategies, the discussion carried out on the city
vision. The city vision has been framed based on the common consensus that emerged among the
stakeholders during the workshop. The vision statement has been framed to balance the competing
demands rising from the various sectors as well as from the different stakeholders in the city.
Keeping in view the various economic activities in the city, regional setting with neighbouring cities
and the towns, and the existing infrastructure status in the city, the vision for Udaipur city has framed
as:
“Develop the city as the green lake city, educational hub and hospitality
centre by 2041, with a focus to improve the quality of physical and social
infrastructure”
15.7 Sub-visions
The city vision has been built on the three pillars of development which are economic growth, quality
of life and environmental sustainability. In order to achieve the overall vision within in the horizon
period, sub visions have been developed .The figure below presents the sub visions to be achieved
within 2041 in order to fulfil the city vision.
Figure 15-2: Milestones
15.8 Development Goals
Based on the city level assessment and the city vision framing, the wish list of the citizens has been
translated into the development goals with specific strategies of the key sectors. The sectors such as
water supply, sewerage and sanitation, solid waste management, storm water drainage, traffic and
transportation, urban poverty and slum improvement, local economic development, urban
Inv
es
tmen
t R
s.3
02
9 c
rore
2021 2031 2041
Provision of basic services to all
Full coverage of infrastructure services
Improve tourism infrastructure
Conservation of water bodies and city heritage
Developing international level entertainment facilities
Establishment of education and health facilities
Developing industrial areas, and green open spaces
Developing city as hospitality as well as
education centre
Enhancement of physical and social
infrastructure facilities
Ministry of Urban Development
[157] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
environment, social infrastructure, and heritage management are covered under the development
goals. The development goals have been framed on the basis of priority areas, to achieve the
common goals for the city and to meet the desired sector specific service level benchmarks and
indicators.
Table 15-4: Sector- wise developmental goals
Sector Vision Development goals Action points
Local
Economic
Development
To develop the
city as the
tourism,
educational,
hospitality
centre
Development of special
educational, and hospitality
zones as per master plan
Development of infrastructure
to facilitate tourism, and other
industrial development
Identification of pilot projects for
educational institutions and
hospitality, and health industry
Coordinate with relevant
government departments for
supporting the projects
Development of city level
cultural facilities.
Social
Infrastructure
To provide
adequate social
infrastructure
and
recreational
facilities to the
community
Provide recreational and
community facilities
Improve access to education
and health facilities
Development of cultural centre
in the city.
Construction of community
centre.
Developing entertainment and
amusement park.
Development of water sports
Water supply
To provide
water supply to
all and 24 x 7
water supply
with adequate
pressure and
quality
Provide 24 X 7 water supply
and equitable distribution.
The quality of the water
should meet the CPHEEO
standards.
Undertake tariff revision and
reduction to achieve 100%
O&M cost recovery.
Minimize the energy
consumption during water
supply operations.
Augment the existing
source/identify new sources to
meet the future water demand
for the city.
Increase the coverage under
water supply and ensure
equitable water supply
distribution in core areas and
newly merged areas.
Undertake water quality checks
at different levels of the water
supply system.
Introduce water monitoring
systems like SCADA to monitor
the water supply flow and curb
water losses.
Carry out water and energy
audit.
Ministry of Urban Development
[158] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Sector Vision Development goals Action points
Sewerage
To provide safe
and reliable
collection,
treatment, and
reuse/disposal
of wastewater
towards an eco-
friendly city
Develop underground
sewerage network
Ensure 100% sewage
treatment and safe disposal
into the water bodies.
Develop more projects for
reuse and recycling of
wastewater.
Maximize the cost recovery
and collection efficiency.
Undertake mapping of the
existing sewerage connections
and database of septic tanks for
effective sludge management in
the city.
Ensure every property is
connected with the sewerage
network.
Develop decentralised
sewerage system and
sewerage treatment plants
across the city.
Explore the recycling
technologies for the better use
of treated water
Strom water
drainage
To provide
effective
drainage
system
Improve the storm water
collection efficiency with
proper drainage system.
Rejuvenate the existing
natural drainage course in
the city.
Minimize the water logging
areas and flooding incidence
in the city.
Rehabilitate the surface drain
network in city.
Map the entire water regime of
the city and changes in natural
course.
Channelize and desilt the major
natural drainage course in the
city and further provide green
belt along the natural courses.
Effective implementation of the
building bye-laws and
development control regulations
to avoid constructions along
lakes and natural drainage
system.
Enforce and regulate rainwater
harvesting system is
implemented in the upcoming
developments in the city.
Solid waste
management
Efficient
integrated solid
waste
management
system, in
compliance to
the MSW 2013
rules
100% door-to-door collection
and segregation of waste at
source with private sector
participation.
Maximize recycling and
reuse capacity and minimize
disposal at landfill.
Disposal mechanism should
be followed as per the
CPHEEO norms.
Carrying out IEC activities to
create awareness among
people.
Effective implementation of
outreach mechanisms to
improve door-to-door collection
and segregation at a source.
Develop the infrastructure for
treatment of waste; waste to
energy plant may be developed
on PPP
Introduce waste recycling
Develop scientific sanitary
landfill site with at a regional
level with scientific closure
mechanism.
Ministry of Urban Development
[159] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Sector Vision Development goals Action points
Define and introduce solid
waste management user
charges
Urban roads,
Traffic and
transportation
To make city a
transportation
node for the
region with
efficient road
network and
safe, reliable
public transport
system
Maximize the share of public
transport and minimize traffic
congestion.
Minimize road accidents and
improve the pedestrian
related infrastructure.
Improve parking facilities
across the city.
Develop parking policy
Develop logistics park and
transport nagar facilities at
growth centres of Gudli-
Dabok and Umarda
Develop pedestrian areas
around key heritage structures
in walled city
Improve traffic management
systems by diverting traffic and
creating one-way traffic system
in congested roads and narrow
roads in walled city
Undertake junction
improvement and road re-
sectioning to curb fatal
accidents.
Develop intelligent traffic
management system in the city.
Ensure 50% of the roads
should have 1.5 m wide
footpath.
Develop multi-storied parking
and paid parking at busy and
congested areas.
Implement parking policy
Urban Poverty
To become a
slum-free city
by 2041
Improve the access to
physical and social
infrastructure to slum
dwellers.
Develop livelihood strategies
to improve the work force
participation.
The affordable housing for slum
dwellers residing in non-tenable
areas.
In-situ up-gradation in
incremental manner in the
existing slums.
100% coverage of piped water
supply, public toilets, sewerage
network and door to door waste
collection.
Access to the aided/
Government/ Municipal schools
and health facilities
The community centres to be
developed in each ward.
Ministry of Urban Development
[160] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Sector Vision Development goals Action points
Urban
environment
To provide a
pollution-free
and sustainable
living
environment to
the citizens
UMC to frame a policy to
mitigate the various pollution
and effective use of natural
resources in the city.
Develop green zones/
breathing spaces in the city
as well as around lakes to
improve the quality of life.
Utilize the potential for
ecosystem service to
improve resilience,
subsistence and livelihoods
in the city.
Conserve water bodies on
priority basis
Increase the surface area under
green cover.
Greening junctions and road
side plantation.
Construct rainwater harvesting
pits to balance the ground
water levels in the city.
Heritage
Protect heritage
and cultural
value of the city
Protection of existing
heritage structures.
Preparation of heritage plan for
the city
Framing and implementation of
heritage bye-laws for the
conservation and protection of
heritage value of the city
Provision of sufficient budget
for heritage conservation and
protection.
Source: Stakeholder’s suggestions and CRIS analysis
15.9 SWOT Analysis
The competitive position of the city in terms of efficiency in governance, completive economic growth,
sustainable development, infrastructure efficiency, and skilled labour has been analysed to
understand the strengths, weakness, opportunities and threats of the city. SWOT analysis gives a
cursory snapshot of the existing potentials that favour growth in the city. Further, issues curbing the
city‟s development are discussed. The ranking of importance in a scale of high to medium has been
developed through interactions with stakeholders and officials. In the case of opportunities and
threats, the possibility of occurrence has also been identified. Udaipur being the most urbanized city
in the district, a tourist centre, and commercial capital of the state offers huge potential for
employment opportunities. The agrarian surroundings in the hinterland act as a natural capital for the
city. However, in spite of the conducive environment for trade and commerce, the city is yet to grow
as a million-plus population city. The table below presents the strengths and weakness of the city.
The city is considered to be the potential capital for the surrounding region. This would have a positive
impact on the city‟s investment environment and employment opportunities. The presence of good
educational and health institutions will be taken as an important parameter for supporting city‟s
growth.
On the other hand, the city suffers from lack of proper disposal facilities for generated sewerage and
solid waste. In its absence, water pollution and related problems arise in the city which is a major
concern.
Ministry of Urban Development
[161] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Ministry of Urban Development
[162] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
The phasing of the identified projects and investments is based on the following principles: Priority needs, with developed areas
receiving priority over future development area.
Inter and intra-service linkages, viz. water supply investments shall be complemented by corresponding sewerage/sanitation improvements.
Size and duration of the requirements, including preparation and implementation period.
Project-linked revenue implications.
16. Sector Plan, Strategies and Investment Plan
Sector plans in line with the identified vision for the
city which has been prepared through a
comprehensive process of gap assessment and
through stakeholder consultation. This assessment
has also led to the identification of sector specific
strategies, implementation actions and associated
reforms with specific inputs from stakeholders too.
The strategies adopted primarily have three
dimensions: improving the service delivery by
efficiency measures, improving service delivery by
creating infrastructure assets, and improving the governance aspects. This section summarises the
sector plans and capital investments required for creating infrastructure assets and various strategic
interventions required in the implementation of such projects.
The need for the CIP is on account of:
Assessment of city growth and infrastructure needs
Scheduling of investments for on-going projects
Assigning of priorities within the constraints of available financial resources
The CIP is the multi-year scheduling of identified and prioritized investments. The scheduling or
phasing of the plan is based on:
Studies of fiscal resource availability (for new investments and O&M),
Technical capacity for construction and O&M, and
The choice of specific improvements to be carried out for a period of four to five years.
16.1 Institutionalizing CIP
The CIP is an important element and is significant in terms of the city‟s management process and
sustainability with regard to the delivery of basic services. The CIP also provides a framework for the
annual budget cycle for the future 6-10 year period. The CIP identifies the roles and responsibilities of
various stakeholders in the implementation of identified projects. The CIP involves the identification of
public capital facilities to cater to the demand of the city population for the medium and long term
infrastructure needs.
The project identification has been carried out through a demand-gap analysis and the stakeholder
consultation. Further, project prioritisation and strategizing of the investments/ phasing of investment
are based on the strategies listed out under each service sector as identified through stakeholder
consultations.
The projects derived are aimed at ensuring the optimal and efficient utilisation of existing
infrastructure systems and enhancing the capacity of the systems/services to cater to the demands of
future population additions. Certain projects have been identified in consultation with the
stakeholders.
A sector plan provides a realistic and time-bound plan for prioritised projects to be implemented in the
next 5 to 10 year time frame. The project identification has been carried out on the basis of demand-
gap analysis. Further, the sector strategies and action plans have been finalised based on
discussions with relevant stakeholders.
Ministry of Urban Development
[163] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
In order to arrive at the demand and gap in the each sector, the detailed review of the sector has
been carried out and the areas for improvement have been identified in each sector. Based on the
demand and gap analysis and discussions with the stakeholders, the projects and the components
have been identified in the each sector and the same have been elaborated in the subsequent
sections.
In sectors where long-term planning is required (for example, source augmentation for water supply
and development of sewerage network and treatment plants), demand estimations have been
prepared considering the design year as 2041.The requirement for asset creation has been projected
on the basis of the projected population for 2041.
However, the gap analysis in the health, education, and recreation sectors has been undertaken as
per the URDPFI guidelines. With respect to the heritage sector, projects have been identified based
on stakeholder consultations.
The goals and service outcomes are envisaged to be implemented by 2021 as an immediate priority.
The projects identified involve rehabilitation of existing infrastructure systems and augmentation of the
capacity to meet the demands of future population.
The sector plans for water supply, sewerage and sanitation, solid waste management, storm water
drainage, traffic and transportation, housing and basic services for urban poor, urban environment,
and social and cultural infrastructure have been elaborated in the subsequent section.
16.1.1 Water supply Sector Plan
As discussed in the water supply section in the previous chapters, the key challenges are inadequate
and irregular water supply distribution across the city. The gap analysis presents the current deficit in
the system and future requirement for the design year 2041.
Sector goals
Provide 24 X 7 water supply
The quality of the water should meet the CPHEEO standards.
Undertake tariff revision and expenditure reduction to achieve 100% O&M
cost recovery.
Minimize the energy consumption during water supply operations.
Design
parameters
Base year as 2013 and design year as 2041.
Demand estimation based on the projected population for UMC and
additional tourist population.
Daily water supply demand (180 lpcd) calculated on the basis of daily per
capita water supply norm (150 lpcd +15% un-accounted for water)28.
Quality of water as per CPHEEO standards.
100% treatment capacity.
33% of water supplied as storage capacity.
Distribution network coverage – 100% of road network.
Cost recovery through user charges (100% O&M expenses).
28
CPHEEO rrecommended minimum water supply levels for metropolitan and mega cities where sewerage system has been contemplated. As per the population projections, Udaipur city is estimated to have 10.23 lakh population by 2021. Hence the standard for Metropolitan city has been considered.
Ministry of Urban Development
[164] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Demand gap
assessment
Components 2013 Current
gap
2021 (Short term) 2041
(long term)
Demand Gap Demand Gap
Source (Daily supply in
MLD) 70 49 136 66 190 120
Distribution network
coverage (km) 900 685 2689 1789 3212 2312
Elevated storage (MLD) 66 - 45 - 63 -
Treatment Capacity (%
of water supply) 84 35 136 52 190 105
Individual metering
system (nos.) 77835 23693 118870 41035 176189 98354
Desired
outcomes
Components 2017 2019 2021 Remarks
Network coverage to
households (%) 70 90 100
Per capita supply (lpcd) 135 135 135
24x7 water supply (%
household coverage) 50 70 100
Quality of water (%) 100 100 100
Non – revenue water
(%) 30 30 30
Consumer metering (%
household) 70 90 100
Cost recovery (%) 100 100 100
Action plans Activities
Increase the
household
coverage
Increase water supply coverage through individual service connections.
Provide water supply to newly developed/developing and uncovered
areas.
Water supply
system
rehabilitation
plan
Rehabilitation and refurbishment of existing water supply network /
system in order to cater future demand.
The old, defunct and inadequate piping system needs to be replaced by
a proper distribution network.
Comprehensive
water supply
plan
This focuses on source augmentation, adequate storage, and
distribution network and treatment facilities for future requirement.
Operation and
maintenance
plan
Develop the asset inventory.
Conduct workshops on water supply and other services to educate the
citizens.
Training calendar to be prepared and trainings to be imparted to all the
staff members throughout the year on O&M of assets.
Trainings for expenditure control and reduction of O&M cost on key
services.
Source: CRIS analysis
In order to achieve the above-mentioned sector goals, and action plan, PHED has already prepared a
project for the comprehensive water supply system. The project is named as “Rehabilitation,
Augmentation, and Operation of water supply and sewerage system in Udaipur town through PPP”.
Ministry of Urban Development
[165] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Under the project it is proposed to discard the ground water sources in future due to rapid
urbanization of Udaipur town which may pollute ground water table. Detailed project report for the
project is prepared. Salient features and details of the project are as given below.
16.1.1.1 Project details
Table 16-1: Details of proposed project by PHED
Project Project details
Area,
Population
and water
demand
Project area comprises of Udaipur and 7 peripheral villages covering total
84 sqkm area
Projected population for the year of 2041 is 11,01,562 (Udaipur city + 7
villages).
The project will supply 278 MLD water by 2041 (as estimated), which
meets the water demand identified for the city.
Augmentation
of Water
supply source
and
construction
of raw water
mains for the
city
Augmentation of resources in order to cater future water demand. Identified
new sources include; Wakal III, Dewas III & IV.
Reorganization of existing surface sources.
The proposed introduction of new sources will require reorganization of
water demand, from the existing sources into the transmission and
distribution zones.
Reorganization of existing water sources will also require reorganization of
WTP capacity.
Treatment
capacity and
clear water
mains
The current treatment capacity is adequate to meet the treated water
requirement. However, most of the new areas are dependent on ground
water source and lack conventional treatment capacity.
Existing capacities of water treatment plant is compared with the re-
organised source supply and shortfall or deficit in treatment.
New treatment plants are proposed for Wakal III and Dewas schemes at
Nandeshwar hills and Pratapnagar (35 and 140 MLD respectively).
In existing Gulab bagh water treatment plant, pressure filter is replaced
with new pressure filter.
Existing water treatment plant at Teetardi is to be converted from rapid
gravity sand filter into dual media filters by providing two media.
Elevated
storage
capacity
The future requirement for storage capacity for the design year 2041 has
been forecasted to cater to the desired water supply.
Estimated proposed storage capacity of 250 and 550 KL in 2026 and 2041
respectively. Capacity of storage reservoirs will be 5.80 hours of daily
water demand for year 2026, and 2041.
Distribution
network
The distribution network is the most critical component in the water supply
system for Udaipur city.
It is recommended that the network in new areas be laid in an incremental
manner in the dense settlements.
The system may be integrated with the existing transmission and
distribution system in the city by laying clear water mains.
The investment has been envisaged for lying of new distribution network
requirement and replacement of the old network.
Ministry of Urban Development
[166] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Project Project details
Metering and
leak detection
and
installation of
SCADA
system
One of the key strategies suggested by the stakeholders is to develop the
existing water supply system to 24x7 water supply system.
This suggested system would be sustainable only if 100% metering is
achieved at intake and outflow points and at the consumer end.
Further, in order to prevent transmission and distribution losses, regular
water monitoring and SCADA system has been proposed.
Refurbishment
of old pumps
and electrical
fittings
The other capital facilities include replacement of old pumping mains,
development of new pumping capacity, electrical and civil works, water
quality monitoring system, and water audits.
16.1.2 Sewerage and Sanitation Sector Plan
As discussed in the sewerage sector assessment, the key challenge is lack of underground sewerage
system and sewerage treatment facility. The city lacks sanitation facilities and public toilets. In order to
address the issues, the gap analysis has been carried out to estimate the demand for the design
period. The demand estimation has been carried out on the basis of estimated sewage generation in
the city. The gap analysis presents the current deficit in the system and future requirement for the
design year 2041.
Sector goals
Provision of underground sewerage network.
Provision of adequate sewerage treatment facilities.
Provision of public toilets to meet the requirement of slum areas and
tourists.
Design
parameters
Base year as 2013 and design year as 2041.
Demand estimation based on the projected population for UMC and
additional tourist population.
Treatment capacity – 80% of water supply.
Household coverage (90%).
Sewerage network coverage – 90 – 100%.
Demand gap
assessment
Components 2013 Current
gap
2021
(Short term)
2041
(long term)
Demand Gap Demand Gap
UGD network (km) 23.50 - 2689 2665 3212 3188
Sewerage treatment
plant (MLD) 20 - 109 89 152 132
Desired
outcomes
Components 2017 2019 2021
Household
coverage with UGD
(%)
60 80 100
Sewerage treatment
plant (%) 60 80 100
Reuse and recycling
of wastewater 5 10 20
Cost recovery on 20 50 70
Ministry of Urban Development
[167] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
sewerage services
(%)
Sewerage user
charges – collection
efficiency (%)
20 50 70
Action plans Activities
Comprehensive
sewerage plan
Achieve 100% coverage of sewerage network within UMC.
Replace the existing out-dated sewerage network.
Explore cost effective STPs to meet the present and future demand.
Explore treatment technologies such as sequential batch reactor
which consumes less area.
Institutional
strengthening and
capacity building
To develop sludge management in initial phase and phase out onsite
sewage disposal mechanisms.
Increase the sewerage user charges to meet the O&M expenses for
new infrastructure to be developed.
Operation and
maintenance plan
Develop the asset inventory.
Preparation of network mapping and house connection inventory
Conduct the workshops on sewerage sector to educate the citizens.
Prepare the training calendar and provide trainings to all the staff
members throughout the year on O&M of assets.
Source: CRIS analysis
In order to achieve the above-mentioned sector goals, and action plan, PHED has already prepared a
project for the comprehensive sewerage system. The project is named as “Rehabilitation,
Augmentation, and Operation of water supply and sewerage system in Udaipur town through PPP”.
Detailed project report for the project is prepared. Salient features and details of the project are as
given below. The project report prepared by PHED provides for sewage collection network of 594 km.
The demand for the sewerage network for the year 2021 is 2688 km. The PHED would require
developing incremental projects for laying sewerage network for rest of the area and developing
waste treatment plant for achieving 100% treatment in order to achieve the demand for 2041.
16.1.2.1 Project details
Table 16-2: Details of proposed project by PHED
Project Project details
Sewerage network Provision of underground sewerage network, covering an area
of 67 sqkm
Total length of sewerage line is 594 km.
Sewage treatment
facility
2 STPs (at Manwa ka kheda and near village Kanpur) are
proposed having capacity of 100 and 30 MLD respectively.
Community toilets Total 520 community toilets are proposed under the project by
2041.
16.1.3 Solid waste management Sector Plan
As discussed in the solid waste management sector assessment section above, the key challenges
are segregation of waste at the source, treatment of solid management, SWM recovery mechanisms,
Ministry of Urban Development
[168] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
and lack of a scientific landfill site in the city. The efficiency of recovery mechanism is linked to the
segregation at the source. In order to address the issues in the SWM sector, the gap analysis has
been carried out to estimate the demand for the design period. The demand estimation has been
carried out on the basis of SWM generated, collected, and transported in the city.
Sector goals
All the households should be covered with the Door to Door waste
collection system.
Waste segregation at the source.
Provision of waste treatment and sanitary landfill site.
Design
parameters
Base year as 2013 and design year as 2041.
Demand estimation based on the projected population for UMC and
additional tourist population.
Household coverage under Door to Door waste collection system
(100%).
Waste segregation at the source – 100%.
Demand gap
assessment
Components 2013 Current
gap
2021
(Short term)
2041
(long term)
Demand Gap Demand Gap
Waste collection
performance (%) 17 63 50 33 100 50
Waste treatment (%) 0 100 100 100 100 100
Vehicle capacity required
(ton) 106 101 603 497 926 820
Development of disposal
and landfill site 1 - 12 12 49 49
Desired
outcomes
Components 2017 2019 2021
Door to Door waste
collection (%) 100 100 100
Segregation at source (%) 60 80 100
Mechanized waste
handling 60 80 100
Waste treatment capacity
(%) 10 30 50
Scientific waste disposal
(%) 75 80 100
Cost recovery of O&M (%) 80 100 100
Private sector participation
50% primary
waste
collection
100% primary
waste collection
Complete
collection,
transportation,
treatment and
disposal
Action plans Activities
Door to Door
waste collection
Door to Door waste collection should be implemented in the entire city.
The taskforce should be appointed for the effective implementation and
further to achieve the desired goals.
Waste
segregation
Segregation of biodegradable and non-biodegradable waste should be
done at the source level. It will help to improve the waste recovery.
Composting of
organic waste
Approximately 50 per cent of the waste generated in the city is organic
in nature. Hence, it should be composed in order to treat the organic
Ministry of Urban Development
[169] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
waste.
Scientific
disposal of
waste
A regional landfill site with closure mechanism should be developed in
accordance with the MSW Rules, 2000.
IEC
For effective solid waste management in the city, regular awareness
campaigns have to conducted in the city on 4R strategy (reduce, reuse,
recycle and recover).
Governance Instituting separate department in UMC for solid waste management
Source: CRIS analysis
16.1.3.1 Project details
Table 16-3: Proposed project details
Project Project details
Primary collection, scientific resource management and IEC
The components envisaged under primary collection are
push carts and community bins along the main roads.
Information and education campaigns (IEC) are
recommended for effective primary collection and
segregation at the source and introducing user charge
Secondary transportation In order to cater the future requirements, required vehicles
carrying capacity is 926 ton.
Development of disposal
and landfill site
Developing waste treatment facility
It is proposed to have a sanitary landfill site for scientific
waste disposal having an area of 69 acre.
16.1.4 Storm Water Drainage Sector Plan
As discussed in the assessment of storm water drainage sector, the city doesn‟t have a separate
storm water drainage network. The existing drains are open and in most of the areas get clogged with
solid waste and silt. Further, the outfall drains are in a dilapidated state and need immediate
rehabilitation.
In order to address the issues in the sector, the gap analysis has been carried out to estimate the
demand for the design period. The demand estimation has been carried out on basis of road network
and runoff in the city.
Sector goals
90% of the storm water drains should be pucca closed.
It should be on all roads and linked to major channels.
Size of the drains to be designed according to the rainfall and runoff.
Storm water drains as percentage of road length is considered as
110%.
Design
parameters
Base year as 2013 and design year as 2041.
Demand estimation based on the road length covered.
Demand gap
assessment
Components 2013 Current
gap
2021
(Short term)
2041
(long term)
Demand Gap Demand Gap
Road length
covered with drains
(km)
1289 1743 1743 454 2319 1030
Ministry of Urban Development
[170] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Pucca open drains
(km) 1289 1395 1395 106 1854 566
Pucca closed (km) 0 349 349 349 464 464
Desired
outcomes
Components 2017 2019 2021
Storm water
drainage network
coverage (%)
100 100 100
Provision of new
pucca closed drains 50 80 100
Action plans Activities
Rehabilitation of
surface drains
Development of 464 km new pucca closed drains by 2041.
Development of 566 km new pucca open drains by 2041.
Improvement of
major nallas
Major nallas in the city should be improved and retaining wall along it
should be developed.
The disposal of sewage into storm water network to be stopped
completely
Source: CRIS analysis
16.1.4.1 Project details
Table 16-4: Proposed project details
Project Project details
Construction of new pucca closed drains
Pucca closed drains having length of 464 km and pucca open drain of 566 km are proposed to be constructed by 2041.
16.1.5 Traffic and Transportation Sector Plan
The city does not have 100% coverage of Cement Concrete /Bitumen Tar surface roads. Pedestrian
safety and increasing accident rate are the other major concerns. Lack of foot over bridges and zebra
crossing on major congested roads is an issue in the city. The city doesn‟t have a proper public
transport system. All the major roads have on-street parking, which reduces the effective right of way.
In order to address the issues in the sector, the gap analysis has been carried out to estimate the
demand for the design period.
Sector goals
All roads must have footpaths.
Area under mobility should be increased from 9% to 12-15%.
Public transportation system should be strengthened.
Proper planned parking facility requires to be provided at various
places in the city.
Design
parameters
Base year as 2013 and design year as 2041.
12-15% of land to be under roads.
All roads have to be surfaced with about 5% being concrete roads.
All major roads should have utility corridors for laying of telecom, gas
and other utility infrastructure in future.
Spacing between streetlights should be 30 mt between the poles.
Demand gap
assessment Components 2013
Current
gap
2021
(Short term)
2041
(long term)
Ministry of Urban Development
[171] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Demand Gap Demand Gap
Concrete roads (km) 67 12 79 67 105 94
Black topped roads
(km) 1347 79 1506 158 1693 346
WBM roads (km) 226 - 0 0 0 0
Desired
outcomes
Components 2017 2019 2021
% of surfaced roads 100 100 100
Reduction in travel
time (%) 80 100 100
Transport safety (%) 60 8 100
Action plans Activities
Comprehensive
mobility plan
Comprehensive mobility plan to be prepared in consultation with
various stakeholders of the city.
There should be dedicated cell/department for effective
implementation of CMP in consultation with various departments
concerned in the city.
Need to create a dedicated fund under the UMT and ensure regular
allocation of the funds for urban transport system.
Transit oriented
development
Enable the mixed use development near the transport corridors and
ring roads if required amend the building by-laws.
Transit oriented development may be considered for the road
connecting the city to Dabok airport. The same is presented in the
figure below.
Governance Developing and implementing parking policy for the city
Source: CRIS analysis
Figure 16-1 Probable corridor for TOD
Source: CRIS analysis, master plan Udaipur 2031; image from Google map
A concept: Transit Oriented Development:
Transit oriented development (TOD) is a recent trend in creating vibrant, livable, compact, walk-able
communities around or along transit (rail/bus) systems to achieve a higher quality life by reducing car
dependency. TOD is defined as a high density, mixed use type of development close to transit
services.
TOD is compact, mixed use development near new or existing public transportation infrastructure that
provides housing, employment, entertainment and civic functions within walking distance of transit.
Ministry of Urban Development
[172] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
The pedestrian-oriented design features of TODs encourage residents and workers to drive their cars
less and ride public transit more. A 500 m
area around the transit station is considered
a 5-minute walking distance in the vicinity of
transit stations.
Indian cities traditionally have high density
and mixed use type of development. In such
a context, TOD might already be a reality in
some form in Indian Cities.
Combination of Public Transport and
Land use:
Transit oriented development (TOD) is an
integrated approach to land use and transport planning. The primary goal of transit-oriented
development is to shift the auto-centric realm of urban living to a transit-centric realm of urban living.
TOD is ideal for high capacity systems such as metro rail, monorail, high speed rail, regional rail
systems or high capacity bus based mass transit systems. The systems can be selected depending
on the current and future needs, geographical factors, funds availability, etc. Unfortunately, most of
the Indian cities Master Plans have not integrated the transport system plans into them.
TOD in India:
TOD was implemented in most developing countries since the 80‟s but this emerging trend is slowly
catching up in India, with the advent of the Mass Rapid Transit System (MRTS) in the form of metro
rail services and high speed transit corridors.
In India, as of now Delhi has started looking towards TOD as a solution to its mobility and air quality
issues. The city recently prepared a TOD policy document regarding the development of Delhi metro
stations.
Cities such as Delhi, Mumbai, Ahmedabad and Surat are already looking towards TOD. Medium size
cities like Visakhapatnam, Pimpri Chinchwad are also planning their transit (bus based) systems
taking into considerations of TOD.
Advantages
TOD has the potential to boost transit ridership and minimise the traffic impacts of the new transit
infrastructure by providing trip end land uses. The pedestrian oriented environment offers greater
mobility.
Transit helps in mitigating sprawl by increasing densities near the stations. It enables corridor
development in a city, making it easier to provide infrastructure. Also, transit investments are
economically viable as they have greater economic benefits in comparison to highway investments
Challenges
The availability of land is a crucial requisite for TOD development or redevelopment. In a green field
development, the volatile land market poses challenges of acquisition, land valuation, rehabilitation,
and compensation along with many other deterring factors. In a brownfield TOD, it is crucial to
integrate the existing structures, land use and road network. The R & R issues are more complex and
number of stakeholders is much more.
Ministry of Urban Development
[173] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
City Vs TOD
The CDP suggest that at the master planning stage, it is important to integrate transportation with
land use to take advantage of agglomeration economies and minimise likely congestion
diseconomies. Also provision should be made for adequate physical and social infrastructure such as
power, water, waste management, communication, etc. along with affordable housing along identified
transit corridors.
The success of TOD will depend on
efficiency of public transportation and its
connectivity with dedicated corridors,
conducive local conditions, development
control regulations and proper coordination
between various stakeholders (transport
authorities, urban development authorities
and various para-statal agencies).
As mentioned earlier, Indian cities are
potential for TOD corridors development by
implementing long term infrastructure
development strategies.
16.1.5.1 Project details
Table 16-5: Proposed project details
Project Project details
Up-gradation of roads Up-gradation of WBM roads to bituminous roads i.e. 226
km length by 2041.
Up-gradation of BT to CC i.e. 94 km by 2041
Construction of new roads Developing new BT roads of 655 km length by 2041.
Construction and widening
of various roads as per
Master plan 2031
Based on Master Plan 2031 for the city, following roads should be developed till 2031.
Road widening
Width increased up to 200 ft. (60 mt.)
National Highway – 8
State Highway – 32
Road from Hiran Talai to Phanda Talav
From Sukher bypass to Gudli industrial area
Major roads width increased up to 120 ft (36 mt.)
From naila bypass to village Jogi Talav
Nela Talav bypass to Nava Talav
Balicha Chauraha to Jogi Talav
Police lines to Hiran Magri sector 3
Thokar Chauraha to Maddi Chauraha
Siphon Chauraha to Thur
Thur to Rampura Chauraha
Rampura Tiraha to Badi Talav
Ministry of Urban Development
[174] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Project Project details
Sub road width increased up to 100 ft (30 mt.)
Shaubhaga Chauraha to bypass
R.K. Chauraha to university road
Maharana Khel Gaon to Thikli Bypass
Gitanjali College to Phanda Talav
Behind IIM road to Jaisamand Road
Govardhan Sagar to Phituyan Talav
Savina bus stand to Rundella Talav
Hiranmagri sector 4 to Manva Kheda Chauraha
Other proposals:
Making 4 lane road from Pratapnagar Chauraha to
Sukher.
Arterial road is proposed near iron scrap and timber
market on Ahmedabad road.
Another arterial road is proposed from university road to
Chitrakoot residential area.
One road is proposed which passes through gudli growth
centre.
In old city area, roads should be made as pedestrian
roads / heritage roads in order to avoid congestion.
On highways and major roads, 12 ft or 16 ft. width of
service roads should be provided. On these roads,
greening should be carried out in 8 or 14 ft. width.
Over bridge at Balicha Chauraha, Eklingpura Chauraha,
Madri Chauraha, and Pratapnagar Chauraha.
Total 7 bus stands are proposed at various locations in the
city (near highway crossing, on roadways workshop, in
front of IIM, Savina Kheda, Pratapnagar Bypass Chauraha
and Sisarma Chauraha and Amberi Chauraha).
Construction of
Pratapnagar flyover by UIT It is proposed to construct flyover at Pratapnagar having length of 0.75 km – 0.8 km. DPR for the same is under preparation.
Construction of elevated
road from Shastri circle to
Udaipole by UIT
Elevated road having length of 1.75 km is proposed from Shastri circle to Udaipole. Pre-feasibility study is going on.
Street lighting Installation of 57688 high power lamps by 2041.
Ministry of Urban Development
[175] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Figure 16-2 Select proposed transport projects
Source: CRIS analysis, master plan Udaipur 2031; image from Google map
16.1.6 Housing and Urban Poor Sector Plan
With respect to housing and basic services for the urban poor, the key challenges are dilapidated
housing and lack of service coverage in terms of individual toilets and social infrastructure facilities.
Sector goals
Provide housing to slum dwellers with basic infrastructure facilities.
Redevelopment and in-situ development of existing slum.
Improving service levels in slum areas of the city.
Design
parameters
Base year as 2013 and design year as 2041.
New houses for the one who don‟t have pucca houses.
Demand gap
assessment There will be a gap of 5080 houses by the year of 2021.
Desired
outcomes
Components 2017 2019 2021
Housing for the urban poor (%) 60 100 100
Adequate access to water supply (%) 80 100 100
Access to sanitation facilities (%) 80 100 100
Access to roads (%) 90 100 100
Access to health and education facilities (%) 80 100 100
Action plans Activities
Integrated
development of
slums
Slum networking strategies to be adopted to improve the services in
the slums.
Building the low cost housing in the slums.
Rehabilitation of
slums Pucca housing in the feasible location.
Construction of
housing
Houses should be constructed in order to meet the housing
requirements.
Access to health
and education
facilities
The health action plan should control the prevalent diseases and
reduce the infant mortality rate.
Access to emergency medical services should be provided to the BPL
population.
The education action plan should involve renovation of existing
municipal schools and regular awareness campaigns to limit the
Ministry of Urban Development
[176] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
dropout rates.
Source: CRIS analysis
16.1.6.1 Project details
Table 16-6: Proposed project details
Project Project details
Slum housing Construction of 5080 houses by 2021.
Slum housing projects
under RAY (UIT)
Under RAY scheme, UIT is responsible for redevelopment of
slum. 3 slum pockets are redeveloped by the UIT, so far. Still
37 slum pockets are left for the re-development.
Slum housing projects
under IHSDP (UMC,
UIT)
UMC and UIT are responsible for slum housing development
projects under IHSDP scheme. UIT has already constructed/
redeveloped 1242 houses while UMC is carrying out in-situ
development. In – situ development work is not started yet.
Mega housing project
(RAVIL, UIT)
Proposal for construction of 1949 EWS, LIG and MIG houses at
Bedawas under Mega housing project. Rajasthan Avas Vikas
and Infrastructure Limited (RAVIL) is the nodal agency while
UIT helps in implementation of the programme.
16.1.7 Social and Cultural Sector Plan
Sufficient social infrastructure facilities should be developed. As discussed in the assessment chapter
of social and cultural resources, the key challenges is lack of adequate public health facilities and
health care infrastructure at both neighbourhood and city level. Likewise, it lacks the adequate
government educational facilities and education infrastructure.
In the Udaipur Master plan 2031, land is allocated for the development of various health and
educational facilities. There is a proposal for total 1415 acre land to be developed for different
educational facilities in Gudli, Umrada growth centre, as well as near university area.
In order to fulfil the requirement of future projected population, the master plan has proposed 15 acre
land for the development of new hospital in Umrada growth centre. Near Debari- Kaya bypass 114
acre land is allocated for the development of ayurvedic, homeopathic, and veterinary hospital.
Other than this, as discussed in cultural resources section, integrated heritage linked city
development strategies are proposed to preserve and renovation of existing heritage structures.
To estimate the demand and gap analysis in the social and cultural infrastructure, the forecast has
been carried out as per the URDPFI guidelines. The following action plan and projects has been
suggested to improve the social and cultural infrastructure within the city.
Action plans Activities
Augmentation of education infrastructure
Development of new schools, and renovation of old
school buildings.
Identification of land for development of schools in
the fringe areas and newly added areas.
Augmentation of health care
infrastructure
Mapping of the existing health care facilities and
development of infrastructure on hierarchical basis.
Ministry of Urban Development
[177] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Action plans Activities
Integration of heritage
development and urban renewal
Rehabilitation and renovation of existing heritage
structures, development of gates and overall
improvement of heritage sites.
Street vendor policy Udaipur may develop a street vendor policy for
supporting economic development of city by
providing necessary support to informal sector
contributors. Udaipur being a tourism centre
formalising local bazar would provide an added
attraction for tourists. A note on street vendor policy
provided below.
Note: Street Vendor Policy
Street vending is an indispensable economic activity in urban India. It is the largest informal sector
which caters to the livelihood of the urban poor. Since the era of economic reform in the country, the
sector has faced many challenges. Street vendors count for about 2 per cent of the population and
provide „affordable‟ as well as „convenient‟ services to a majority of the urban population.
Report on Conditions of Work and Promotion of Livelihoods in the Unorganized Sector, 2007 of the
National Commission for Enterprises in the Unorganized Sector (NCEUS), suggest that the vendors‟
earnings are very low although they vary from trade to trade and from location to location. The men‟s
average daily income is around Rs. 70 in most cities and women earn considerably less – Rs. 40 per
day.
Articles 39 (a) of the Constitution clearly mention that the State shall in particular direct its policy so
that - (a) the citizens, men and women equally, have the right to an adequate means of livelihood. To
improve the condition of urban street vendors, Government of India made numerous legislative
attempts starting from the regulation of hawker trade in Bombay Municipal Corporation in 1980 till The
Street Vendors (Protection of Livelihood and Regulation of Street Vending) Act, 2014.
Of the major attempts made, The National Policy on Urban Street Vendors, 200929
was a
comprehensive attempt that promoted spatial, legal and participative means of improving the
conditions of the urban street vendors. According to this policy, a 'Street Vendor' is defined as 'a
person who offers goods or services for sale to the public in a street without having a permanent built-
up structure.' The policy was somewhat similar to its predecessor and got a feeble response from the
states, to overcome the shortcomings of this policy a draft bill entitled „Model Street Vendors
(Protection of Livelihood and Regulation of Street Vending) Bill, 2009 was introduced but
Governments did not take sufficient legislative action. However, the Bill was critiqued to have ignored
many pressing issues. The foremost problem that it overlooked was the issue of natural markets
which sprang up in places where consumers found them useful. Further, it ignored the vending rights
of those who were already selling on the street, still the policy was somewhat able to recognize
29 In 2004, the National Urban Street Vendors Policy (NSVP) was announced. It was the first national level regulatory
framework on street vending which was left to the States to adopt and implement. In 2009, the NSVP was revised and a Model Draft Bill on the subject was presented by the Central government. The States and Union Territories were to implement the National Policy for Street Vendors of 2004, taking into account this Model Bill. However, it received a feeble response from the States and soon demands were made for a mandatory central legislation on the subject. (National University of Juridical Sciences, 2012)
Ministry of Urban Development
[178] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
certain issues related to the street vendors and has provided certain powers to ULBs to regulate,
monitor and promote street vendors in towns / cities.
The policy recognized and explicated the positive role of street vendors in providing essential
commodities to people at affordable prices and at convenient places. It also recognized the need for
regulation of street vending by way of designated „Restriction-free Vending‟, 'Restricted Vending' and
„No Vending‟ zones based on certain objective principles. Overall the Policy meant to foster a
congenial environment for the urban street vendors to carry out their vocation and at the same time
ensuring that it does not lead to overcrowding or unsanitary conditions at public spaces and streets.
Specific Norms for the Urban Local Bodies
Spatial Planning norms - demarcation of vending zones
The demarcation of hawking zones should be city/town specific. The master plans, zonal
plans etc. should take into account the natural propensity of the street vendors to locate
in certain places at certain times in response to patterns of demand for their
goods/services.
City authorities should provide sufficient spaces, designated as „vendors markets‟ in
layout plans at locations of natural markets and they should permit mobile vending in all
areas even outside the designated markets, unless designated as „no-vending zone‟
through a participatory process.
Designation of vendors markets / no-vending zones should not be left to the sole
discretion of any civic or police authority but must be accomplished by a participatory
process by a Town Vending Committee ( which for large towns / cities may be
constituted on the basis of wards ) whose membership may be as follows: Municipal
Authority, Traffic and Local Police, Public Land Owning Authority, Associations,
Representative from associations of Street vendors, representative from lead
Nationalized Bank / Commercial Bank.
Quantitative norms- refer to the norms on amount of space and facilities to be provided for
vendors‟ markets by the civic authorities. At the town / city level enough space should be
designated for vendors‟ markets at least to the extent of 2% to 2.5% of the total city
population. The facilities that are required to be provided at the vendor markets invariably
include: solid waste disposal facility, Public toilets to maintain cleanliness30
, Aesthetic design
of mobile stalls/ push carts, electricity, drinking water facility, protective covers to protect their
wares as well as themselves from heat, rain and dust and Storage facilities including cold
storage.
Regulatory Process: The policy thrusts on having the system of registration of hawkers and
non-discretionary regulation of access to public spaces in accordance with the planning
standards and nature of trade/ service. The Town vending committee31
/ Ward vending
Committee has the power to register the vendors32
. All vendors in each city should be
registered at a nominal fee and the registration should be renewed after every three years.
30
In spite of the government‟s fervent concern regarding public sanitation and safety, a number of public events, bazaars, religious festivals and other activities take place on our streets with the whole-hearted approval of government authorities.
31 The committee has no fixed tenure and there is no removal mechanism mentioned.
32 The National Policy on Urban Street Vendors, 2009. Under Provision 4.5.4 of this Policy, the Municipal Authority is under an
obligation to undertake a comprehensive census of the existing vendors in consultation with the Town Vending Committee for the purpose of granting them lease to vend. Hence, we see that here the burden of registration is on the Municipality, which significantly smoothens the exercise of registration and to a large extent simplifies the process for street vendors.
Ministry of Urban Development
[179] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
The TVC should issue identity cards to the vendors and it should charge a monthly fee for
access to various services. For better system of regulation, there should be direct linkage
between the urban local bodies (ULBs) and hawkers for collection of: registration fee, ·
monthly maintenance charges33
, fines, if any, etc. The Town vending Committee / Ward
Committee should monitor the hawking activity of a particular ward and the quality of the
services provided, take corrective action, if required, report to City level Committee, if required
and recommend revaluation / changes in specified norms for hawking.34
16.1.7.1 Project details
Table 16-7: Proposed project details
Project Project details
Development of parks and playground (UMC)
Total 36 parks will be given on an adoption basis.
Rehabilitation of heritage
structure (UMC)
This includes rehabilitation of existing heritage
structures, development of gates and overall
improvement of heritage sites.
Developing driving track (UIT) Driving track will be constructed at Chitrakoot
Project works under NLCP (UIT) NLCP is centrally funded project, which was started
in 2007. Various works worth Rs. 60.15 crore are
being implemented under the same. The same are
being considered under the revised CDP.
Development of various sports
activities/facilities at Khelgaon
(UIT)
Total 9.37 Ha area is proposed at Khelgaon.
Proposed activities include; stadium, swimming
pool, cycle track, cricket pitch, and other sports
related activities.
Development and beautification
of Ayad river (UIT)
Ayad river length in the city is 9.5 km, which is being
developed. Proposed project components include;
constructing sewer line, STPs and river cleaning
works.
Source: CRIS analysis
Provision of land is there for other social infrastructure facilities like police station, post office, fire
station, radio station, and other social facilities. The Master plan has proposed an international sports
city and international entertainment city in order to promote tourism and recreational activities in the
planning area.
Table 16-8: Proposed project details in the Master plan
Project Project details
Growth centres Land is allocated in Gudli and Umrada growth centre, 32 and 135
33
Every street vendor is under an obligation to pay periodic maintenance charges for the civic amenities and facilities provided in the vending zone as may be determined by the local authority. Thus, these provisions impose a monetary burden on street vendors.
34 Concentration of powers in the hands of the municipal authorities that do not have any representation of street vendors
Ministry of Urban Development
[180] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Project Project details
acre respectively.
International
sports city
Total 1149 acre land is proposed to be developed near hathidhara
village which includes;
Amusement park/ IT park
Sports ground
Golf course
Green building/ Eco friendly houses/ Farm house
Resort / Holiday cottage resort / Health resort
Multi-speciality hospital
Public utilities and
Other facilities
International
entertainment city
Total 1814 acre land is allocated near Maharana khel gaon which
includes;
Amusement park
Green building/ Eco friendly houses/ Farm house
Resort / Holiday cottage resort / Health resort
Multi-speciality hospital
Public utilities
Museum and
Other facilities
Source: Udaipur Master Plan 2031
16.2 Summary of Capital Investment
The total estimated capital investment required for providing efficient services to the present
population and future population of the city by the year 2041 is Rs. 3511 crores. A total of Rs. 2846
crores are proposed for investment by 2020-21 to cater to infrastructure requirement. It will be
invested by UMC, and parastatal agencies such as UIT, PHED, RAVIL etc. The table below presents
the summary of sector-wise total investment need and investments.
Sector Short Term Long Term
Investment for 2021 (Rs. Crores)
Investment for 2041 (Rs. Crores)
Water Supply 380 476
Sewerage and Sanitation 1126 1348
Urban Roads, Traffic and Transport 251 254
Storm Water Drains 206 402
Street lights 76 58
Solid Waste Management 77 102
Other investments (slum housing, social and cultural infrastructure development)
550 371
River conservation, health and education zones
180 500
Total 2846 3511
Source: CRIS analysis
Sewerage and sanitation has been given the highest priority. Hence, 40% of the total investment has
been earmarked towards the sewerage and sanitation sector. This is followed by other investments
Ministry of Urban Development
[181] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
including slum housing, development of parks/gardens, rehabilitation of heritage structures, project
works under NLCP, developing various sports activities at Chitrakoot, system modernisation and
developing a driving track at Chitrakoot, which accounts for 26% of the total investment. The
investment in water supply accounts for 13% of the total investment. Urban roads and storm water
drains accounts for 9% and 7% of the total investment respectively. The sector-wise breakup of
investment identified for 2021 is presented in the graph below.
Figure 16-3: Capital investment need for 2021 (figures in Rs. crores)
Source: CRIS analysis
16.3 Summary of Investment Phasing
Sector-wise investment phasing is carried out till the year of 2020-2021. The same is presented in the
table below.
Table 16-9 Phasing of capital investment
Sector/ Component Investment (Rs.
Lakhs)
2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19
2019-20
2020-21
Water Supply 38,027 0 3,803 7,605 11,408 15,211 0 0
Sewerage & Sanitation 112,577 0 11,258 22,515 33,773 45,031 0 0
Urban Roads, Traffic & Transport
25,142 0 0 0 2,278 4,557 4,557 0
Storm Water Drains 20,609 0 0 0 4,122 8,243 8,243 0
Street Lights 7,571 0 2,271 5,299 0 0 0 0
Solid Waste Management 7,715 0 430 1,752 2,172 3,361 0 0
Slum Housing 30,480 0 6,096 9,144 9,144 6,096 0 0
Slum housing projects under RAY
4,000 0 0 800 1,200 2,000 0 0
Slum housing projects under IHSDP
243 0 49 49 73 73 0 0
Construction of 1949 EWS, LIG and MIG houses at Bedawas under
8,627 0 0 1,725 2,588 4,313 0 0
Ministry of Urban Development
[182] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Mega Housing Project
Development of Parks & Play Grounds
11 0 2 3 3 2 0 0
Rehabilitation of Heritage Structures
401 0 80 120 120 80 0 0
Urban Governance/ System Modernisation
200 0 40 60 60 40 0 0
Developing a driving track at Chitrakoot
30 0 6 9 9 6 0 0
Project work under NLCP 6,015 0 1,203 1,805 1,805 1,203 0 0
Development of various sports activities at Khelgaon
5,000 0 0 0 1,000 1,500 2,500 0
River Conservation/ Protection (Development and Beautification of Ayad river)
18,000 0 0 1,800 3,600 5,400 5,400 1,800
Source: CRIS analysis
16.4 Composition of investment
Presently, planning, design, and construction of water supply sector are taken care by PHED.
Sewerage and sanitation sector is taken care by UMC, PHED and UIT. Works related to solid waste
management, roads and transportation, street lights, storm water drains, development of
parks/gardens heritage sectors are being taken care by UMC. Slum housing projects are being
implemented by UMC, UIT and state level institution (RAVIL). Other social infrastructure projects
such as projects under NLCP, development of sports related activities are being carried out UIT.
Educational and health facilities are not within the ambit of UMC. Hence, the implementation of these
projects shall be dealt by the respective agency, which would require detailed assessment, feasibility
study for the arriving at operational cost and other operational aspects. The breakup of investment in
view of the implementing agency has been presented below.
Figure 16-4 Share of proposed investment by agencies
Source: CRIS analysis
Ministry of Urban Development
[183] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
17. Financial Operating Plan
The investment capacity of UMC is assessed through a financial operating plan (FOP), which gives a
multi-year forecast of finances for the medium term. In line with the phasing of identified in the capital
investment (CIP), the FOP has been generated for the same period for UMC. A salient feature of the
FOP is that all outstanding dues, including debt and non-debt liabilities if any, are also taken into
account.
17.1 Financial Plan for the City
ULB: UMC is the sole responsible for provision of basic services such as solid waste management,
storm water drainage, roads, street lights, development of parks/gardens and basic services for the
urban poor within its jurisdictions. Therefore, UMC accounts have been reviewed and further the
accounts have been forecasted to prepare the financial plan for the city.
Accordingly, the annual accounts of UMC for the period between the financial years 2008-09 and
2012-13 are used to determine past trends for both revenue and expenditure items and to arrive at
appropriate growth assumptions for each of the income and expense items. After forecasting the
revenue account, the CIP has been loaded on to cash flow. The FOP is generated to assess the
investment sustaining capacity of UMC.
UIT: UIT is a city level agency involved in to urban infrastructure project planning and development.
The UIT plays significant role in project development due to lack of technical capacity of UMC. UIT is
responsible for planning and implementation of projects for provisioning of sewerage, sanitation
facility, road development and other social infrastructure facilities in the UIT as well as UMC area.
However, financials of UIT is not included in the City Financial Plan (CFP).
Parastatal: Parastatal agencies like PHED and RAVIL are also involved into to infrastructure
provisioning in Udaipur. PHED provides water supply, sewerage services within the UMC jurisdiction.
However, the financials of Parastatal is not included in the CFP. RAVIL is involved into development
and planning of housing projects for urban areas of Rajasthan state. RAVIL is implementing a housing
project in Udaipur in assistance of UIT.
17.2 Methodology
For the preparation of FoP for UMC, we have adopted the following methodology as provided in the
revised CDP toolkit. The stage wise methodology and the key references has been presented in the
below table.
Table 17-1: Methodology for CFP
Task Step Key Stages Description Remarks
Task1 Step 1 Defining Objectives The key objectives have been defined for following key areas.
Revenue enhancement initiatives
Expenditure management initiatives
Asset management initiatives
Financial Management initiatives Further, it has been discussed in detailed in the subsequent sections.
Elaborated in subsequent sections.
Task2
Step 2 Data Collection The annual accounts, balance sheets, debt schedules, DCB statements for water and sewerage have been collected from UMC for the
Chapter 14 has detailed out the recasting and trend
Ministry of Urban Development
[184] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Task Step Key Stages Description Remarks
past five years.
The recasting and trend analysis has been carried and the findings have been presented in the financial assessment chapter above.
analysis.
Step3 Business-As-Usual scenario --- CFP Version I
As a first step in preparation of FoP for the city, we have prepared the Business-As-Usual scenario and provided the overall capacity of UMC to take-up the infrastructure projects.
The scenario has been discussed in the section FOP scenario considered
Elaborated in subsequent sections.
Step 4 Analysis / Interpretation of the results
Post finalization of Business-As-Usual scenario, we have carried out the analysis on the revenue and expenditure to check the performance of key items. The same has been presented in the annexure.
Task3
Task5 Identification of areas of improvement / reforms
We have identified the property tax and water charges are the key revenue source where the reforms can be explored to improve the coverage and collection efficiency and the same has been detailed out in the Revenue enhancement initiatives
Elaborated in subsequent sections.
Step6 Select / priorities areas of improvement / reforms
Under the revenue enhancement initiatives, we have identified the key reforms to be implemented in the property tax and user charges.
Elaborated in subsequent sections.
Task4
Step7 Finalizing basic assumptions for resource mobilization forecast
Key assumptions for the income and expenditure side have been presented in the key assumptions section.
Elaborated in subsequent sections.
Step8 Ascertain investible surplus for ULB / Parastatals / Development authority
Ascertain investible surplus for UMC has been discussed in the investible surplus section.
Elaborated in subsequent sections.
Task5
Step9 Ascertain combined investible surplus CFP Version II
Not Applicable Not Applicable
Step10 Component-wise allocation of combined investible surplus
Not Applicable Not Applicable
Task6
Step11 Listing of Project Proposals – linkage to CDP
The priority project as identified in the CIP section has been linked with the FOP. Further, UMC investment capacity has been tested on various scenarios.
CIP chapter detailed out for UMC.
Step12 Priorities Project Investments
The priority project investment has been finalized in the CIP section further it has been linked with the financial model for the city.
Task7 Step13 Preparation of draft CFP --- CFP Version III & Financial Plan report (prioritized project investment loaded on combined investible surplus)
The current chapter has detailed out the overall financial plan for the city under various scenarios.
Elaborated in the chapter.
Ministry of Urban Development
[185] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Task Step Key Stages Description Remarks
Task8 Step14 Ascertain source and amount of funding, external borrowing, debt servicing mechanism.
Under the Improved investment capacity with grant plus debt support, we have tested the capacity of UMC to go for debt and external borrowing.
Elaborated in subsequent sections.
Task9 Step15 CFP Appraisal and Public Verification
We shall present the findings to the stakeholder during the final city level workshop and accordingly we shall take the suggestions on the overall financial plan for the city.
This section would be presented in the final CDP.
Task10 Step16 Finalization of CFP report
Post completion of final city level workshop, we shall discuss with UMC officials and finalize the financial plan for the city
Task10 Step17 Annual revision of CFP (linkage to annual capital investment and improvements achieved)
We will suggest this step in the way forward section in the final CDP.
17.3 Financing strategies for CIP
The project funding structure comprises grants under the JNNURM-II framework35
(accounting for
70% of the funding as per JNNURM-I structure has been assumed); internal surplus and debt are
considered to meet the balance fund requirement. The level of investment that UMC can sustain is
determined by studying the overall surpluses/year-to-year opening balance and debt-service
coverage ratio (DSCR).
If DSCR (amount of surplus available to pay interest and to repay principal that is due) falls below
1.25 (i.e., less than 25% cushion), then the investments are reduced gradually till DSCR exceeds 1.25
in all the years in the forecast period. The main items of income and expenditure, classified into the
revenue account and the capital account, are projected in the FOP under the following categories.
Categories of FOP Projections are as follows.
Revenue Account Receipts: Taxes, Non-tax sources, and
Grants, Contribution, and Subsidies
Revenue Account Expenditure: Salaries/ Wages
Operation and Maintenance
Debt Servicing- Existing and New Loans
Capital Income Loans
JNNURM capital grants
Finance commission grants
Regular State or Central grants
Capital Expenditure
In determining a long-term financial strategy, UMC plans to raise resources and fund the CIP through:
35
Based on the past trends, it is assumed the funding structure would remain same as it was in the JNNURM 1; the revised funding structure is yet to be announced by the ministry.
Ministry of Urban Development
[186] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Grants available under the JNNURM-II framework (as percentage of investment proposed in
urban infrastructure sectors – (50% Central Government Grants and 20% State Governments
Grants)
Available internal resources and improving the same through
Imposition of urban development tax at certain levels and also improving the coverage
and collection
Maintenance of the collection performance of taxes and charges at certain minimum
levels for current and for arrears
Borrowings
17.3.1 Financial Projections
Current revenue sources are projected under built-in growth assumptions for income and expenditure
items, to assess the impact of each such revenue enhancement measure being suggested. The
projections also aim at estimating the surplus that will be available for servicing new debt. Part of the
surplus, after meeting the additional O&M expenses on newly created assets and infrastructure, is
translated into debt size and project size (grant component plus debt component) based on certain
assumptions regarding interest rate, repayment method, and loan-grant mix.
A spread sheet FOP model has been customized to depict the financial position of UMC. The
investment sustaining capacity of UMC is assessed based on the FOP assumptions. The model was
used to calculate the overall surpluses under various scenarios involving combinations of internal
revenue improvement, state support, and financing terms.
The standard assumptions under which the projections are carried out and certain expenditure control
and revenue augmentation measures proposed in line with the mandatory and optional reforms under
the JNNURM framework are presented below.
17.4 Investment Sustenance Capacity
Given the existing financial position of UMC, the revenue and capital accounts of UMC are projected
against the growth scenario. The FOP is generated from the sustainable investment point of view in
line with the current growth trends against the identified investment. It has been estimated that UMC
would require about Rs. 784 crores to improve the infrastructure for meeting the current gap and
medium-term requirement. In order to check the financial capacity of UMC, following assumptions
have been considered.
17.4.1 Key Assumptions
Table 17-2: Key assumptions
Head Assumptions
Guiding factor for assessing the sustaining capacity
Surplus Positive surplus - year-on-year basis
DSCR Greater than 1.25
Project Financing – For Admissible Components under JNNURM-II
Project Costing Unit Cost, with 7% price contingency and 8% physical contingency
New/Additional O&M
Urban Roads, Traffic and Transport 4%
Storm Water Drains 1%
Solid Waste Management 8%
Ministry of Urban Development
[187] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Head Assumptions
Street lighting 5%
Social Infrastructure 1%
For projects to be approved under JNNURM–II
Grant from GoI 50% of sanctioned cost
Grant from GoR 20% of sanctioned cost
Loan for balance funding Repayment in 15 years @11% interest rate
Regular capital expenditure
Rs. 504 crores per annum (growth rate 10% over current expenditure)
Revenue Expenditure
Growth in Expenditure
Minimum growth rate: 10%
Maximum growth rate: 12%
Pay Commission Revision
7th Pay Commission revision from 2016 and 2022 (Currently, in UMC, the salaries are being paid from State treasuries)
Assumption for assessment of UMC’s sustainability
Income Items
Growth in revenue income Minimum growth rate: 8%
Maximum growth rate: 15%
Income items – Urban development tax
Annual growth in Assessment 1.75% per annum
Revision of Tax 15% every year starting from 2015-16
Collection Performance 80% (Maximum collection performance over the last 5 years)
17.5 Investible Surplus
Based on the various assumptions, the investible surplus has been estimated36
for the city in base
and improved case scenarios. As per the base case scenario, on an average, UMC will have
investible surplus of Rs. 62.05 crores (average) over the next 10 years. This surplus would be transfer
to capital account to take up the capital works. At the same time, in the improved case scenario, on
an average, UMC will have investible surplus of Rs. 71.20 crores (avg.). Following figure presents the
investible surplus in base and improved case scenarios.
Figure 17-1: Investible surplus – Base and Improved case (figures in Rs.lakhs)
Source: CRIS analysis
36
Investible surplus = (Revenue (own sources of income) income + Capital (own sources of income income) - Revenue expenditure. And, excluding the revenue and capital grants received for specific purpose
Ministry of Urban Development
[188] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Urban development tax / Property Tax
On immediate basis, reforms are to be implemented in urban development tax to improve the coverage and collection efficiency.
State government should support UMC to implement property tax
The urban development tax / property tax rate should be increased about 15% every three years.
Identified the poor performing zone in term of recovery of arrears.
17.6 Business as Usual Scenario
Business as usual scenario without Grant and Debt: In this scenario, it is assumed that UMC shall
do business as usual and endeavour to implement the capital projects. This scenario will indicate the
overall capacity of UMC to take up projects on business as usual basis.
Investment capacity: Rs. 409 crores
The key considerations in this scenario are as follows:
UMC will not take up any reform measures to improve the revenues.
The income and expenditure growth would follow the past trends.
The regular capital expenditure would grow at 5% on year-on-year basis.
UMC should maintain the minimum closing balance of Rs 10 Crores on regular basis.
Figure 17-2 Business as usual – with grant and debt
Financial Year ------> 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 2020-21 2021-22 2022-23 2023-24 2024-25 2025-26
Figures in Rs. Lakhs Estimate
Summary
Opening Balance 4,291 5,139 10,045 12,117 15,442 19,221 24,051 27,829 31,505 34,934 38,595 43,006 47,971 51,395 55,196 59,399
1 Revenue Income 6,201 7,875 9,110 10,218 11,279 12,517 13,656 15,004 16,471 18,054 19,785 21,761 23,908 26,217 28,746 31,617
2 Revenue Expenditure 4,140 2,783 4,990 5,490 6,043 6,649 8,425 9,688 11,051 12,745 14,294 15,607 19,177 20,979 22,961 25,144
a Surplus/Deficit- Revenue Account 2,061 5,092 4,120 4,727 5,236 5,868 5,231 5,316 5,420 5,309 5,491 6,154 4,731 5,238 5,785 6,474
b Operating Ratio 0.67 0.35 0.55 0.54 0.54 0.53 0.62 0.65 0.67 0.71 0.72 0.72 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80
c Debt Servicing Ratio 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.9% 2.4% 3.8% 5.4% 6.0% 5.5% 5.0% 4.6% 4.2% 3.8%
3 Capital Income 775 1,235 1,753 1,418 1,489 5,280 8,876 10,105 12,917 8,635 1,995 2,095 2,200 2,310 2,426 2,547
4 Capital Expenditure 2,241 1,722 3,801 2,820 2,946 6,318 10,330 11,745 14,908 10,282 3,076 3,283 3,507 3,748 4,007 4,286
d Surplus/Deficit- Capital Account -1,466 -487 -2,048 -1,402 -1,457 -1,038 -1,453 -1,640 -1,991 -1,648 -1,080 -1,188 -1,307 -1,438 -1,581 -1,739
e Overall Surplus/Deficit- Municipal Account 596 4,605 2,072 3,326 3,779 4,830 3,778 3,676 3,429 3,661 4,411 4,966 3,424 3,800 4,203 4,734
f Closing Balance 4,886 9,744 12,117 15,442 19,221 24,051 27,829 31,505 34,934 38,595 43,006 47,971 51,395 55,196 59,399 64,133
Actuals Projection
Source: CRIS analysis
17.7 Improved Case Scenario – Reforms Implementation
In this scenario, it is assumed that UMC shall take
up revenue improvement measures such as urban
development tax coverage and collection efficiency
improvement. Further, it is assumed that UMC shall
receive capital grants from the state and central
governments (JNNURM-II). UMC shall endeavour
to implement the capital projects. This scenario will
indicate the overall capacity of UMC to take up
projects on improved case scenario with grant
support.
Investment Capacity: Rs. 1021 crores
The key considerations in this scenario are as
follows:
UMC is going to undertake reforms leading to improved financial sustenance capacity.
The reforms are especially in the areas of urban development tax.
Ministry of Urban Development
[189] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
UMC shall receive grant from the state and central governments for the approved projects
(JNNURM-II).
The regular capital expenditure would grow at 5% on year-on-year basis.
UMC has to take Rs. 214 crores as a loan from external borrowings.
UMC should maintain the minimum closing balance of Rs 10 Crores on regular basis.
Figure 17-3 Improved case – with grant and debt
Financial Year ------> 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 2020-21 2021-22 2022-23 2023-24 2024-25 2025-26
Figures in Rs. Lakhs Estimate
Summary
Opening Balance 4,291 5,139 10,045 12,117 15,558 19,598 24,316 27,399 29,824 31,242 32,893 36,092 40,258 43,390 47,516 52,795
1 Revenue Income 6,201 7,875 9,110 10,333 11,539 12,957 14,316 15,932 17,726 19,702 21,905 24,448 27,272 30,386 33,870 37,874
2 Revenue Expenditure 4,140 2,783 4,990 5,490 6,043 6,649 8,707 10,624 12,669 15,404 17,626 19,094 22,833 24,822 27,010 29,418
a Surplus/Deficit- Revenue Account 2,061 5,092 4,120 4,843 5,497 6,308 5,610 5,308 5,057 4,298 4,279 5,354 4,438 5,563 6,861 8,456
b Operating Ratio 0.67 0.35 0.55 0.53 0.52 0.51 0.61 0.67 0.71 0.78 0.80 0.78 0.84 0.82 0.80 0.78
c Debt Servicing Ratio 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 2.1% 5.5% 8.8% 12.4% 13.6% 12.2% 10.9% 9.8% 8.8% 7.9%
3 Capital Income 775 1,235 1,753 1,418 1,489 10,855 19,728 22,676 29,578 18,736 1,995 2,095 2,200 2,310 2,426 2,547
4 Capital Expenditure 2,241 1,722 3,801 2,820 2,946 12,445 22,255 25,560 33,217 21,383 3,076 3,283 3,507 3,748 4,007 4,286
d Surplus/Deficit- Capital Account -1,466 -487 -2,048 -1,402 -1,457 -1,590 -2,526 -2,884 -3,639 -2,647 -1,080 -1,188 -1,307 -1,438 -1,581 -1,739
e Overall Surplus/Deficit- Municipal Account 596 4,605 2,072 3,442 4,039 4,719 3,083 2,425 1,418 1,651 3,199 4,166 3,132 4,126 5,279 6,717
f Closing Balance 4,886 9,744 12,117 15,558 19,598 24,316 27,399 29,824 31,242 32,893 36,092 40,258 43,390 47,516 52,795 59,512
Actuals Projection
17.7.1 Key Summary
Further, the results of the above scenarios have been presented in the figure below. The overall
investment estimated is Rs.784 crores (on constant prices). However, as per the current prices, the
estimated investment would be Rs.1021 crores (which includes the cost escalation and physical
contingencies). It is observed that without any grant support, UMC can implement projects worth Rs.
409 crores only. Based on the availability of grants, UMC can take up priority projects in the area of
solid waste management, storm water drainage, and traffic and transportation.
Business as usual scenario without Grant and Debt: Rs. 409 crores
Improved investment capacity with Grant and Debt support: Rs. 1021 crores
Figure 17-4: Investment sustenance capacity (figures in Rs. crores)
Source: CRIS analysis
Ministry of Urban Development
[190] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
17.8 Revenue Enhancement Initiatives
In the case UMC, assigned revenues/grants/ and contributions are the key sources of revenues.
Contribution from Property tax, water charges, sewerage charges, and development charges is very
low. Hence, it is required to make an improvement in this revenue in order to enhance the overall
sustainability of UMC. Following sections describe the revenue enchantment measures for key
revenue sources such as property tax and water charges.
1. Urban development tax: The revenue enhancement measures for urban development tax are
categorised into the following four categories:
a) Policy-level interventions:
In Udaipur, instead of property tax urban development tax is levied. It is levied on land
and buildings in municipal area. It was introduced in 2007 with an amendment to the
municipal act, with abolishing the earlier imposed house tax. The last survey of properties
was done in 2007.
It is suggested to change the rate in such a way that the changes should be reflected in
the demand bills without any human intervention.
It is also suggested that the tax rate should be increased about 15% every five years
starting from 2015-2016.
In addition to this, UMC collects sanitation cess. PHED collects water charges and
sewerage charges. The maintenance of sewerage has been transferred to UMC. Hence,
PHED should transfer the sewerage charges for UMC for managing O&M of sewerage
network.
The state government should take appropriate steps for the revision of water and
sewerage charges, and implement the same to recover the operation and maintenance
expenditure.
b) Recovery of arrears
Identified the poor performing zone in term of recovery of arrears
Prepared the list of defaulters with outstanding arrears <=Rs 10,000
Prepared the action plan to issue of warrant notices
Carried out daily the monitoring of each tasks
The recovery staff provide the sample warrant notices to defaulters
c) Revision of tax calendar
Preparation of tax demand bills latest by 30th April 2015
During 1st
to 31st May 2015, all the tax demand bills must be served by using Indian postal
service or courier services.
30 days grace period should be given for demand bills served from 1st to 30
th June 2015.
Necessary changes should be made in tax software and pre-printed stationery to show
the per day penal interest.
The collection counters should be opened at as many places across the city.
As soon as grace period ends, the ward-wise list of tax defaulter along with the demand
notice should be made available.
With rationalization of the tax calendar, various tax processes and reduction in the work
load of tax personnel; it will be possible to do work division of personnel.
In the light of above, daily targets should be provided to each team working in the tax
administration.
Monitoring of the targets vs. actual should be carried out.
Ministry of Urban Development
[191] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Expenditure
UMC should ensure that the contractor
carries out the O&M of the assets
(STP, and SWM plant) for a period of
5-8 years after the completion of test
run.
UMC should curtail the regular capital
expenditure over the next 5-10 years.
UMC should take up only priority works
in wards.
Explore the outsourcing option
wherever possible.
17.9 Expenditure Management Initiatives
Over the review period, the revenue and capital expenditure of UMC has increased. In order to
reduce the revenue and capital expenditure at UMC, following key initiatives are to be taken up.
Reduction in establishment expenditure
Outsourcing of certain functions: UMC should explore outsourcing of some functions in order
to reduce the establishment expenditure.
For instance, UMC can outsource the collection, transportation, and treatment of SWM. In
addition, maintenance of public toilets, parks, and other play grounds on outsourcing basis.
Moreover, UMC can outsource the clerical
posts such as data entry operator and clerks
to reduce the establishment cost.
Reduction in capital expenditure
UMC is implementing the capital works on a
regular basis.
UMC should focus on projects to be
implemented through central/state funding.
17.10 Asset Management
Initiatives
The establishment of linkage between the asset
creation and asset management should be through a series of reforms for project sustainability. UMC
should ensure adequate funds to meet the deficiencies in urban infrastructural services.
In order to maintain the assets over the project cycle, UMC should allocate 5-10% of funds for
operation and maintenance of the project components.
Deprecation account/fund
UMC should ideally practice to maintain the depreciation account in order to replace the existing asset
with a new asset post its life cycle.
Key steps to be taken by UMC for better management of assets
UMC should focus on department wise budget and O&M cost for newly created assets.
Explore the best practice to reduce the O&M cost on solid waste management.
Study the existing status of the assets of key sectors, prepare a tangible action plan for the
maintenance of assets, and provide the replacement list for the assets.
Conduct workshops/trainings for the staff on management of O&M, best practices across the
states.
Organize study tours for the staff and elected representatives for effective implementation of
reforms for full O&M recovery.
Latest techniques and technology for management (inventory, maintenance cycle,
replacement time) of municipal assets.
17.11 Financial Management Initiatives
In order to implement the identified projects over the project cycle, UMC has to take-up the financial
management initiatives for smooth implementation of the projects. The key initiatives are as follows.
Ministry of Urban Development
[192] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
First and foremost, the accounts department of UMC should maintain the separate account for the
project. The financial transactions such as deposit the grants and release the payments should be
carried out thorough the project account.
Transfer the part of the revenue surplus (own source of revenues) to the project account to
implement the project.
Internal audit of the project accounts has to be carried out on quarterly basis.
External audit has to be carried on annual basis.
17.12 Projects on PPP basis
UMC may explore the PPP route in the following projects. The details of each component have been
provided in the table below.
Table 17-3: Projects on PPP basis
Sector Development Possible PPP
interventions
Key Aspects
Sewerage Construction.
operation, and
maintenance of
STPs
Construction and
O&M of STPs
and selling of
treated sewerage
water to potential
users
UMC shall handover the land for
construction of STPs.
O&M of STPs has to be carried out by
private operator as per the contract
period.
The operator would be responsible for
the O&M of STPs and further selling of
the treated sewerage water to potential
users.
The revenue sharing between UMC and
the private operator can be explored.
Solid Waste
Management
Improve the
waste collection
and
transportation
recovery &
scientific landfill
BOT basis UMC shall procure the vehicles and
handover the same to the private
operator.
The operator would be responsible for
collection and transportation of the
waste.
UMC may allocate the land to develop
the SWM treatment plant. The assets
would be created and maintained by the
operator.
Further, the private operator may sell the
manure and pallets and further generate
revenues.
The revenue sharing between UMC and
the private operator can be explored.
Parking Multilevel car
parking complex
on PPP basis
Land to be
provided on
lease basis
The feasibility to be improved by
introducing a mixed use – shops &
offices
Ministry of Urban Development
[193] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
17.13 Land Resource Leveraging
UMC should focus on preparing the inventory of available land in the city in order to explore the land
based financing offers to implement the infrastructure projects. Following steps are to be taken up
UMC.
UMC should initiate the inventory of the land parcels available in the city. Further, UMC
should create the database of the same.
UMC should crosscheck the proposed land use as per the master plan. If required, UMC
needs to initiate for the land use conversation.
May explore these land parcels for development affordable housing projects, parking projects,
real estate projects and convention centres on PPP basis
17.14 Key Conclusion
Overall, on short-term basis, UMC requires around Rs. 784 crores to improve the municipal services
in the city. However, as per the business as usual scenario, UMC has the financial capacity about Rs.
409 crores to take up the infrastructure projects.
Given the importance of Udaipur city in the region, it is very important to improve the basic
infrastructure facilities to attract the investment and industries in the city and further to boost the
economic development in the region.
Therefore, UMC should aim to implement the improved case investment capacity (Rs. 1021
crores) with grant support for state and central governments. Following key steps to be taken
by UMC to achieve the improved case scenario investment:
Urban development tax: On immediate basis, reforms are to be implemented in urban
development tax to improve the coverage and collection efficiency; the reforms could be
policy levels change to streamline the department. Potential in taxation is not realized by
UMC which required first focus.
SWM Charges: UMC should levy the user charges on SWM services – UMC may explore
this initiative as a part of urban development tax. If user charges are proposed to be levied
separately the PPP operator to be appointed for SWM service may be made responsible for
collection of user charge by selecting relevant PPP project structure. The UMC may defined
the tariff for the user charges.
Establishment expenditure: UMC should explore the outsourcing of certain function to
reduce establishment expenditure.
O&M new assets: UMC should ensure that the contractor carries out the O&M of the assets
(WTP, STP, and SWM plant) for a period of 5-8 years after the completion of test run.
Regular Capital works: UMC should curtail the regular capital expenditure over the next 5-
10 years. UMC should take up only priority works in wards.
PPP route: UMC should explore the PPP route to implement either the projects or project
components.
Capacity Building: It is very important that UMC should keep on imparting training to the
staff on various aspects starting from technical to managerial skills.
Study Tours: UMC should organise study tours to know the best practices in the sectors and
also to understand the challenges faced by others cities in the implementation of projects and
reforms.
Ministry of Urban Development
[194] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
18. Review and monitoring framework for CDPs
The review and monitoring and framework have been designed to help cities integrate Monitoring
mechanisms into their city development plan (CDP) from the initial phases. Monitoring & Review is
important tools to enable cities determine whether their CDP is achieving its vision and goals and
realising its intended outcomes or not. It is a tool that shall enable cities to monitor the progress on
the plan at regular intervals.
The information generated by Monitoring can be used to provide information and support for the
implementation of CDP. It shall help in strengthening the downstream project implementation,
undertaking programme and investment activities, and devising strategies for future planning
initiatives. A basic principle of the CDP approach is that the way in which the CDP is developed and
the development issues that it addresses are determined by each city and community to meet their
own needs. There is no „one size fits all‟ approach to designing and implementation of CDP.
The framework mentioned below clearly lays down the broad principles that need to be fine-tuned
based on the city specific needs and inputs from various officials at the city level to develop for each
city.
Ministry of Urban Development
[195] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
18.1 Framework for review and monitoring
In the context of the ever changing landscape of the developments in the city, the impacts on the
growth of the city will have wide ramifications if it is not factored into the City Development Planning
process in a dynamic manner. The CDP should have a fixed time frame for its implementation, and
shall be followed by a review to study and analyse the impact of the implementation of the plan, in
order to make mid-term course corrections, wherever necessary. A monitoring mechanism should
also be established for measuring the identifiable indicators provided in the CDP for each sector and
there after implementation of CDP can be measured.
The table below gives a framework for updating and reviewing CDPs; this needs to be followed as per
the revised tool kit.
Table 18.1: Framework for Review and Monitoring of various components in the CDP
Sr. No. Framework for Updating and Reviewing City Development Plan (CDP) to make it a living
document
Activity Ye
ar
1
Ye
ar
2
Ye
ar
3
Ye
ar
4
Ye
ar
5
Ye
ar
6
Ye
ar
7
1 Reviewing CDP Document √ √
2 Community and Stakeholder
Consultation
√ √ √ √
3 Data Update and Mapping
the City
√
4 Capacity Building √ √ √ √ √
5 Planning Building
Regulations Reforms
√
6 Property Tax Reforms √
7 Institutional Reforms √ √ √ √ √
8 Financial Reforms √ √ √ √ √
9 Sectoral/Ward Development
Plans
√
10 Review of Project Priorities √ √ √
11 Financial Operating Plan √ √ √ √ √
12 Capital Investment Plan √ √ √ √ √
Source: Toolkit for Revision of City Development Plan, MoUD
Timeline and Periodicity of Monitoring
To make CDP as a living document, it is essential to understand that the city landscape, growth
source as well as direction keep changing with time. Hence, the CDP should have a fixed time frame
for its implementation, and shall be followed by a review to study and analyze the impacts of the
implementation in order to make mid-course corrections, wherever necessary. The monitoring
mechanism should be on the activities based on the identified indicators in each sectors in the CDP.
Some of the identified activities that could be monitored are given below.
Ministry of Urban Development
[196] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
18.2 Reviewing of the CDP Document
The foremost thing that comes up is the reviewing of the CDP document. As the city‟s conditions may
change after few years, the CDP needs to be reviewed and evaluated after a particular time before a
new development plan is proposed. It is necessary to identify the sectors that are growing and sectors
that are lagging, to achieve the vision framed for the city. The CDP is prepared for a long term vision
for 30 years and the investment plan is prepared for a time frame for 7 years. Thus it mandatory that
review of the City Development Plan is taken up after every five years.
Engaging with Community and Stakeholders’ Consultation
CDP focuses on the holistic development and betterment of the city as looked upon by various
communities and stakeholders. Therefore, it is very important to keep consulting with them about the
process of the work to be undertaken to achieve the framed vision for the city. This could be done by
conducting a meeting every alternate year, i.e., once in every two years. The feedback should be
incorporated and the shared with citizens through a common platform like website etc.
Data Update and Mapping of the City
In case of any major changes in the city limits/boundaries, a complete data updation exercise should
be carried out for effective implementation. Therefore, data updates and mapping of the city become
very essential. This should always be done before the preparation of the CDP.
Capacity Building
Capacity building initiatives should focus on understanding the areas where in capacity needs to be
built in terms of project implementation, reform implementation etc. The regular assessment of the
needs can ensure better capacity building measures to be adopted by city.
18.3 Review and Monitoring of Reforms and Project
Implementation
The CDP Technical and Policy Committee should be involved in the review and monitoring of the
CDP across various components.
Assessment of Reforms and Project Implementation
Regular assessment of reform and project implementation is necessary for the city to achieve
its vision.
Reforms should be framed for all the institution responsible for the development process of
any city. These reforms are very important for all the institution to work in a synchronized
manner for the development of the city. Hence, they must be monitored every year.
Financial Reforms
Finance being a most important part for any ULB of the city. The funds are to be utilized
according to the kind of development approach adopted to achieve the city vision. Therefore,
financial reforms must be monitored and evaluated on yearly basis.
Property Tax Reforms
All the properties abiding under the ULB should be carefully mapped and marked, as it is an
important source of revenue for a city. Hence it should be prepared before the implementation
of the CDP and monitored at frequent intervals.
Ministry of Urban Development
[197] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Sector /Ward Development Plans
Vision of the city could only be implemented at a macro level only if there is prominent change at the
micro level like at the ward level or the sectoral block level planning. To make a CDP document
comprehensive in approach, the M&E of these micro level plans should be evaluated at the very
beginning and impact should be reviewed in the very first year.
Review of the Project Priorities
The project prioritized in the CDP to achieve the vision may have to undergo changes in their priority
order once the implementation of the CDP starts. The reason may be due to any practical issues that
arise during project implementation or any other complication. Hence, it is very important to monitor
and evaluate the projects that are underway and projects that need to be taken up for the
development of the city. The updating process should be regular, but M&E should be done every
alternate year.
18.4 Monitoring of Financial Operating Plan and Capital
Investment Plan
A capital investment plan (CIP) provides a detailed understanding of anticipated investments into
tangible capital assets. The assets include basic facilities, services, and installations needed for the
functioning of the community, such as bridges, roads, water, and wastewater systems. This helps the
ULBs to formalize their priority setting and decision making process. Therefore, the monitoring of CIP
should be done on regular basis every year.
A financial operating plan (FOP) outlines the revenues and expenses over a period of time. A FOP
uses past performances, incomes, and expenses trends for forecasting what can be expected in the
coming years. It then incorporates the past and recent trends into the planning so as to most
accurately forecast what is to come. Therefore, for achieving the city development plan, it is
necessary to review and monitor progress made on the FOP annually.
Ministry of Urban Development
[198] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
19. Annexure
19.1 Attendance Sheet of Workshop
Ministry of Urban Development
[199] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Ministry of Urban Development
[200] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Ministry of Urban Development
[201] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
19.2 Workshop – Issues and Strategies provided by stakeholders
Ministry of Urban Development
[202] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Ministry of Urban Development
[203] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Ministry of Urban Development
[204] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Ministry of Urban Development
[205] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
19.3 List of consultations
Sr. No. Name of the Stakeholder Designation Institution / Organisation
1. Ms. Rajani Dangi Mayor, UMC
2. Mr. Himmatsinh Bharahat Municipal Commissioner UMC
3. Mr. Mahavir Kharade Municipal Commissioner UMC
4. Mr. Manish Arora Executive Engineer, Nodal officer, CBUD
UMC
5. Mr. Niraj Mathur Executive Engineer UMC
6. Mr. Mukesh Jani Executive Engineer UMC
7. Mr. Mukesh Pujari Executive Engineer UMC
8. Mr. Bharatsinh Babel Executive Engineer UMC
9. Mr. Irshad Ahemad Junior Engineer UMC
10. Ms. Shashibala Singh Assistant Engineer UMC
11. Mr. Verma City planner UMC
12. Mr. Devendra Saini Sanitation Officer UMC
13. Mr. Lodha Chief Accounts Officer UMC
14. Mr. Anil Nepalia Superintending Engineer UIT
15. Mr. Sanjeev Sharma Executive Engineer UIT
16. Mr. B.N. Kothari UIT
17. Mr. Amit sharma RAY coordinator UIT
18. Mr. Akhilesh Sharma TA PHED
19. Mr. Prahalad Meena City Engineer PHED
20. Dr. B.K. Soni Junior section officer Rajasthan Pollution Control Board
21. Mr. Vivek Assistant Tourist Officer Tourist Reception Centre, Udaipur
22. Ms. Krishna Chauhan DEO Udaipur
23. Mr. Bharat singh Mehta DEO Udaipur
24. Ms. Hemlata Meena Primary Education office, Udaipur
25. Mr. Bhupendra Jain DEO Primary/Elementary Education office, Udaipur
26. Mr. K.L.Kothari Head Vigyan Samiti, Voluntary organization cum NGO
27. Ms. Sudha Vyas PMO Udaipur
Ministry of Urban Development
[206] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
19.4 Water user charges
A WATER CHARGES
S.No. Category of consumer Gross rate per 1000 Litres (Rs.)
Net rate per 1000 litres allowing 20% rebate if payment is made with in prescribed due date (Rs.)
1. DOMESTIC RATES
(a) for consumption up to first 15,000 litres 1.56 1.25
(b) for consumption exceeding 15,000 litres and up to 40,000 litres
3.00 2.40
( c) for next consumption above 40,000 litres 4.00 3.20
2. MINIMUM CHARGES PER MONTH FOR DOMESTIC CATEGORY
(a) for 15 mm service line 20.00 16.00
(b) for 20 mm service line 120.00 96.00
(c) for 25 mm service line 370.00 296.00
(d) for 40 mm service line 870.00 696.00
(e) for 50 mm service line 1120.00 896.00
(f) for 80 mm service line 2245.00 1796.00
(g) for 100 mm service line 4495.00 3596.00
(h) for 150 mm service line 11245.00 8996.00
3. FLAT RATE CHARGES FOR 15 MM DOMESTIC CONNECTION (UNMETERED)
(a) for each connection per family upto two tape 20.00 16.00
(b) for each additional tap Deleted Deleted
Note : (i) No additional amount will be charged for Flush Laterines, Overhead Tanks, Only Flat Rate tariff will be charged in Rural & Katchi Basties of Urban towns. (ii) No additional charges for additional family members. One family will be treated as one consumer irrespective of family members. Domestic category shall include the consumers who use water for their bonafide domestic purpose. This category is applicable to residential quarters/houses where water is used for bonafide domestic purpose. This Category will also be applicable to :- (I) Government educational institutions. (II) Places of worship such as Temple/Mosque/Church etc. (III) Orphanage/Leper homes/Yatim Khana, registred and recognised by the Social Welfare Department or any other Government Agency. (IV) Circuit House/Dak Bungalow/Rest House/Jail/Children Rehabilitation Home/Mahila Ashram etc.
4. NON DOMESTIC RATE
(a) for consumption upto first 15,000 litres 4.68 3.75
(b) for consumption exceeding 15,000 litres and up to 40,000 litres
8.25 6.60
(c) for next consumption above 40,000 litres 11.00 8.80
5. MINIMUM CHARGES PER MONTH FOR NON DOMESTIC CATEGORY
(a) for 15 mm service line 51.00 41.00
(b) for 20 mm service line 120.00 96.00
(c) for 25 mm service line 370.00 296.00
Ministry of Urban Development
[207] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
(d) for 40 mm service line 870.00 696.00
(e) for 50 mm service line 1120.00 896.00
(f) for 80 mm service line 2245.00 1796.00
(g) for 100 mm service line 4495.00 3596.00
(h) for 150 mm service line 11245.00 8996.00
Note: (i) The consumers which due to having shops in their residential premises categorised under non domestic category as per notification of 12-11-97 shall take the separate connection up to 31-3-99. Till that date billing will be as per domestic tariff rates. From1-4-99, Non domestic rate shall be charged from such consumers. (ii) Shops having existing Flat Rate Connection will be charged as per item 3 as above. The Non Domestic category will include all consumers/establishments not covered by the domestic category and industrial category such as given below: All type of shops, Offices and Godown, Hospital, Dispensaries, Dharamshalas, Private Educational Institutions, Petrol Pumps without service station, Cottage Industries, Restaurant, Dhabas, Cinemas, Dairy, Motor Garage without service station, Building Construction, Marriage Halls, Nurseries, Railway/Bus Stand, Laundries etc.
6. INDUSTRIAL RATES
(a) For Consumption upto first 15,000 litres 11.00 8.80
(b) For Consumption exceeding 15,000 litres and upto 40,000 litres
13.75 11.00
(c) For Next consumption above 40,000 litres 16.50 13.20
7. MINIMUM CHARGES PER MONTH FOR INDUSTRIAL CATEGORY
(a) for 15 mm service line 120.00 96.00
(b) for 20 mm service line 240.00 192.00
(c) for 25 mm service line 480.00 384.00
(d) for 40 mm service line 875.00 700.00
(e) for 50 mm service line 1125.00 900.00
(f) for 80 mm service line 2250.00 1800.00
(g) for 100 mm service line 4500.00 3600.00
(h) for 150 mm service line 11250.00 9000.00
The Industrial Category shall include large, medium and small industrial units as defined by Vikas Ayukt (Laghu Udhog) of Government of India and GOR. This category shall also be applicable to all kinds of hotels (large, medium and small Motor Garage with service facility, Petrol Pump with service facility, Poultry Farms, Stone cutting/Grinding and Polishing industries etc.
8. FIXED CHARGES
Fixed charges for capital renovation of system. These charges shall be applicable to all category of consumers. No rebate will be allowed on this item.
Rs. 10.00 per month
B GENERAL CHARGES
9. METER SERVICE CHARGE PER MONTH
(a) for 15 mm size 5.00
(b) for 20 mm size 15.00
(c) for 25mm size 20.00
(d) for 40mm size 30.00
(e) for 50mm size 40.00
(f) for 80mm size 75.00
(g) for 100mm size 125.00
(h) for 150mm size 200.00
Ministry of Urban Development
[208] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
10. CONNECTION CHARGES
(a) New water connection charges shall be equivalent to one month‟s net minimum charges for service connection of relevant size subject to minimum of Rs. 100/-
(b) Disconnection charges will be 50% of new connection charges of respective connection charge.
(c) Reconnection charges will be 50% of new connection charges of respective connection charge.
(d) One time charge for a new connection in house having more than ground and first floor.
Rs. 15.00 per sq.mtr. of the total plot area.
(e) One time charge for a new connection in a group housing scheme if a new connection is required by
a flat owner.
Rs. 15.00 per sq.mtr. of the total plot area
(f) One time charge for a new connection in a group housing scheme if a common connection is required by the residents of group housing scheme
Rs. 15.00 per sq.mtr. of the total plot area
(g) New connection charge for sewer connections
Rs. 200.00
Ministry of Urban Development
[209] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
19.5 Recast accounts
Detailed - Municipal Account 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13
Opening Balance 5,038.9 4,043.6 4,290.7 5,138.8 10,044.8
Part I - Revenue Account
I Revenue Income
A Own Sources
Tax Revenue
1 Property Tax 37.0 323.8 239.1 308.2 322.0
2 Consolidated Tax 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
3 Advertisement Tax 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
4 Other Taxes 75.0 100.0 81.1 131.4 178.8
Sub-Total (Tax Revenue) 112.0 423.9 320.2 439.6 500.7
Water Account
1 Water Charges 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
2 Water Tax 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
3 Other income (Surcharge, New Connection Fee etc)
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Sub-Total (Water Account) 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Sewerage Account
1 Sewerage Charges 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
2 Sewerage/Sanitation Tax 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
3 Other income (Surcharge etc) 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Sub-Total (Sewerage Account) 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Non Tax Revenue- Others
1 Rent from municipal properties 76.1 126.1 81.6 94.8 247.1
2 Building permit fees 133.1 182.8 206.0 171.7 231.0
3 Fees fron licenses 63.9 6.6 9.0 29.8 109.2
4 Road cutting fees 12.3 48.3 111.2 270.9 44.6
5 Others 321.5 206.7 298.8 937.6 1,506.2
Sub-Total (Non Tax Revenue) 606.9 570.6 706.6 1,504.8 2,138.0
Tax + Non-Tax Revenue 718.9 994.4 1,026.8 1,944.4 2,638.7
B Assigned Rev, Grants & Contributions
1 Octroi Compensation 3,945.4 4,339.9 4,648.9 5,251.1 5,776.4
2 Additional Stamp Duty from Govt. 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
3 Education grant 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
4 Other state government grants 378.0 339.7 525.2 679.6 694.7
5 State government Pension grants 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
6 Water Supply Grants 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
7 Sewerage Grants 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Total Grants & Contributions 4,323.4 4,679.6 5,174.1 5,930.7 6,471.1
Total Revenue Income 5,042.3 5,674.0 6,200.8 7,875.1 9,109.8
II Revenue Expenditure
A Salaries/ Wages
1 General administration/ Mayor's/Commissioner's office
164.8 193.4 169.0 184.1 184.6
Ministry of Urban Development
[210] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Detailed - Municipal Account 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13
2 Collection of taxes 104.3 121.4 128.4 113.3 119.4
3 Public health 1,313.9 1,622.7 1,610.0 0.0 1,943.2
4 Garage 127.5 150.4 147.6 0.0 158.4
5 Safety fire 103.6 110.7 101.3 116.8 121.2
6 Lighting 47.1 85.8 93.8 109.3 116.0
7 Cattle house 3.6 4.5 4.6 5.1 5.8
8 Gardens 103.0 128.9 127.1 142.2 159.7
9 Public repair and development 409.7 493.2 508.1 567.2 638.9
10 Education 8.9 13.9 14.2 16.8 18.3
11 Commercial organization run by UMC
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Total Salary Expenses 2,386.4 2,924.9 2,903.9 1,254.9 3,465.5
B Operation & Maintenance
1 General administration/ Mayor's/Commissioner's office
112.1 109.0 106.7 145.0 150.7
2 Collection of taxes 4.5 6.8 14.0 11.3 19.1
3 Public health 291.1 270.7 287.4 467.8 392.2
4 Garage 158.8 142.6 192.3 0.0 244.9
5 Safety fire 7.5 22.0 40.1 47.7 51.7
6 Lighting 490.4 462.1 309.1 244.7 350.2
7 Cattle house 19.1 23.1 39.6 30.7 10.4
8 Gardens 51.2 56.0 57.3 57.2 55.0
9 Public repair and development 646.7 572.1 185.7 521.2 245.1
10 Education 3.9 4.1 3.3 2.9 5.2
11 Commercial organization run by UMC
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Total O&M Expenses 1,785.4 1,668.5 1,235.6 1,528.4 1,524.5
C Debt Servicing
1 Principal Repayment 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
2 Interest 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Total Debt Servicing 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Total Revenue Expenditure 4,171.8 4,593.4 4,139.5 2,783.3 4,989.9
Part II - Capital Account
I Capital Income
A Sale of Lands/ Assets 374.7 616.1 252.5 300.9 229.8
B Grants & Contributions
1 JNNURM grants/ Other central government grants
1,864.5 350.0 727.9 582.6 402.3
2 Finance Commission grants 184.0 303.7 43.5 634.0 842.7
3 State government Grants/ Grant from MLA/MPs
28.6 4.3 4.2 18.0 507.9
4 Road development grants 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
5 Lake beautification grants 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
6 Beneficiary Contribution 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
7 Water grant 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
8 Development of Drainages 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Total Capital Income 2,077.1 658.0 775.5 1,234.7 1,752.9
Ministry of Urban Development
[211] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Detailed - Municipal Account 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13
II Capital Expenditure
1 JNNURM 1,213.9 0.0 0.0 18.0 0.0
2 Finance Commission grants 539.3 403.7 139.1 215.5 1,279.8
3 State Development Projects 1,297.5 929.7 653.1 700.0 1,634.3
4 Housing/Urban Poor 0.0 0.0 903.8 7.3 298.4
5 Lake beautification 0.0 0.0 132.0 152.2 118.5
6 NSDP 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
7 Public Health and Sanitation 233.3 29.8 96.0 72.7 29.1
8 Roads 782.6 708.6 140.3 308.0 145.0
9 Transport 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
10 Water Supply 50.0 0.0 0.0 50.0 15.6
11 Development of Drainage 200.9 35.8 176.7 197.9 280.3
Total Capital Expenditure 4,317.6 2,107.6 2,241.0 1,721.5 3,801.1
A Part III: Suspense Account/Extra Ordinary Income and
Expenditure
1 Suspense Account - Income 190.5 53.7 155.0 69.2 90.3
2 Suspense Account - Expenditure 417.1 262.8 162.4 13.2 247.0
Surplus/Deficit -226.6 -209.1 -7.4 56.0 -156.7
19.6 Capital Investment Plan (CIP)
Sector/ Component Investment (Rs. Lakhs)
2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20
2020-21
Water Supply 38,027 3,803 7,605 11,408 15,211 0 0
1 Source Development (Daily Supply)
8,379 838 1,676 2,514 3,352 0 0
2 Distribution Network (% Roads Covered)
26,835 2,683 5,367 8,050 10,734 0 0
3 Elevated Storage capacity + GSR (% of Water Supply)
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
4 Treatment capacity (% of Water Supply)
1,582 158 316 475 633 0 0
5 Individual water metering system 1,231 123 246 369 492 0 0
Sewerage & Sanitation 112,577 11,258 22,515 33,773 45,031 0 0
1 UGD Network/ Road Length Covered
106,620 10,662 21,324 31,986 42,648 0 0
2 Sewerage Treatment (water supply)
5,957 596 1,191 1,787 2,383 0 0
Urban Roads, Traffic & Transport
11,392 0 0 2,278 4,557 4,557 0
1 Upgrade BT to CC 4,042 0 0 808 1,617 1,617 0
2 Upgrade WBM to BT 3,388 0 0 678 1,355 1,355 0
3 Upgrade Earthen to BT 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
4 New CC Roads 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
5 New Black Top Roads 3,962 0 0 792 1,585 1,585 0
Ministry of Urban Development
[212] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
6 New WBM Roads 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Storm Water Drains 20,609 0 0 4,122 8,243 8,243 0
1 Upgrade Kutcha to Pucca Open Drains
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2 New Pucca Open Drains 3,174 0 0 635 1,269 1,269 0
3 New Pucca Closed Drains 17,435 0 0 3,487 6,974 6,974 0
Street Lights 7,571 2,271 5,299 0 0 0 0
1 Tube Light 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2 High Power 7,571 2,271 5,299 0 0 0 0
3 High Mast Lamps 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Solid Waste Management 7,715 430 1,752 2,172 3,361 0 0
1 Vehicle Capacity Required (Vehicle Carrying Capacity)
1,243 373 870 0 0 0 0
2 Development of Disposal and Landfilsite (2031)
567 57 170 340 0 0 0
Waste Processing facility 5,602 0 560 1,681 3,361 0 0
3 Other equipment 302 0 151 151 0 0 0
Other Investments 55,007 7,476 13,715 16,002 15,314 2,500 0
1 Slum Housing 30,480 6,096 9,144 9,144 6,096 0 0
2 Slum housing projects under RAY
4,000 0 800 1,200 2,000 0 0
3 Slum housing projects under IHSDP
243 49 49 73 73 0 0
4 Construction of 1949 EWS, LIG and MIG houses at Bedawas under Mega Housing Project
8,627 0 1,725 2,588 4,313 0 0
5 Development of Parks & Play Grounds
11 2 3 3 2 0 0
6 Rehabilitation of Heritage Structures
401 80 120 120 80 0 0
7 Urban Governance/ System Modernisation
200 40 60 60 40 0 0
8 Others 1 - Developing a driving track at Chitrakoot
30 6 9 9 6 0 0
9 Others 2 - Project work under NLCP
6,015 1,203 1,805 1,805 1,203 0 0
10
Others 3 - Development of various sports activities at Khelgaon
5,000 0 0 1,000 1,500 2,500 0
Ministry of Urban Development
[213] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
19.7 Financial Operating Plan
19.7.1 Business as usual – without grant and debt
Financial Year ------> 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 2020-21 2021-22 2022-23 2023-24 2024-25 2025-26
Figures in Rs. Lakhs Estimate
Summary
Opening Balance 4,291 5,139 10,045 12,117 15,442 19,221 24,419 29,100 34,228 39,835 45,935 52,567 59,857 65,719 72,081 78,983
1 Revenue Income 6,201 7,875 9,110 10,218 11,279 12,517 13,656 15,004 16,471 18,054 19,785 21,761 23,908 26,217 28,746 31,617
2 Revenue Expenditure 4,140 2,783 4,990 5,490 6,043 6,649 8,238 9,064 9,972 10,972 12,072 13,283 16,739 18,418 20,262 22,294
a Surplus/Deficit- Revenue Account 2,061 5,092 4,120 4,727 5,236 5,868 5,419 5,940 6,499 7,082 7,712 8,478 7,169 7,800 8,484 9,323
b Operating Ratio 0.67 0.35 0.55 0.54 0.54 0.53 0.60 0.60 0.61 0.61 0.61 0.61 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.71
c Debt Servicing Ratio 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%
3 Capital Income 775 1,235 1,753 1,418 1,489 1,564 1,642 1,724 1,810 1,900 1,995 2,095 2,200 2,310 2,426 2,547
4 Capital Expenditure 2,241 1,722 3,801 2,820 2,946 2,234 2,379 2,535 2,703 2,882 3,076 3,283 3,507 3,748 4,007 4,286
d Surplus/Deficit- Capital Account -1,466 -487 -2,048 -1,402 -1,457 -671 -738 -811 -893 -982 -1,080 -1,188 -1,307 -1,438 -1,581 -1,739
e Overall Surplus/Deficit- Municipal Account 596 4,605 2,072 3,326 3,779 5,198 4,681 5,129 5,606 6,100 6,632 7,290 5,862 6,362 6,902 7,584
f Closing Balance 4,886 9,744 12,117 15,442 19,221 24,419 29,100 34,228 39,835 45,935 52,567 59,857 65,719 72,081 78,983 86,567
Opening Balance 4,291 5,139 10,045 12,117 15,442 19,221 24,419 29,100 34,228 39,835 45,935 52,567 59,857 65,719 72,081 78,983
Part I - Revenue Account
I Revenue Income
A Own Sources
Tax Revenue
1 Property Tax 239 308 322 551 645 820 790 851 903 929 947 1,039 1,115 1,145 1,166 1,279
2 Other Taxes 81 131 179 197 216 238 262 288 317 348 383 421 464 510 561 617
Sub-Total (Tax Revenue) 320 440 501 748 861 1,058 1,052 1,139 1,220 1,277 1,330 1,461 1,578 1,655 1,727 1,896
Non Tax Revenue- Others
1 Rent from municipal properties 82 95 247 272 299 329 362 398 438 481 530 583 641 705 775 853
2 Building permit fees 206 172 231 254 280 307 338 372 409 450 495 545 599 659 725 798
3 Fees fron licenses 9 30 109 120 132 145 160 176 193 213 234 257 283 312 343 377
4 Road cutting fees 111 271 45 49 54 59 65 72 79 87 96 105 116 127 140 154
5 Others 299 938 1,506 1,657 1,822 2,005 2,205 2,426 2,668 2,935 3,229 3,552 3,907 4,297 4,727 5,200
Sub-Total (Non Tax Revenue) 707 1,505 2,138 2,352 2,587 2,846 3,130 3,443 3,788 4,166 4,583 5,041 5,545 6,100 6,710 7,381
Tax + Non-Tax Revenue 1,027 1,944 2,639 3,099 3,449 3,904 4,182 4,582 5,007 5,443 5,913 6,502 7,124 7,755 8,437 9,278
B Assigned Rev, Grants & Contributions
1 Octroi Compensation 4,649 5,251 5,776 6,354 6,989 7,688 8,457 9,303 10,233 11,257 12,382 13,620 14,982 16,481 18,129 19,942
2 Other state governmetn grants 525 680 695 764 841 925 1,017 1,119 1,231 1,354 1,489 1,638 1,802 1,982 2,180 2,398
Total Grants & Contributions 5,174 5,931 6,471 7,118 7,830 8,613 9,474 10,422 11,464 12,610 13,871 15,258 16,784 18,463 20,309 22,340
Total Revenue Income 6,201 7,875 9,110 10,218 11,279 12,517 13,656 15,004 16,471 18,054 19,785 21,761 23,908 26,217 28,746 31,617
II Revenue Expenditure
A Salaries/ Wages
1 General administration/ Mayor's/Commissioner's office169 184 185 203 223 246 319 351 387 425 468 515 679 747 822 904
2 Collection of taxes 128 113 119 131 144 159 207 227 250 275 302 333 439 483 531 584
3 Public health 1,610 0 1,943 2,138 2,351 2,586 3,362 3,699 4,068 4,475 4,923 5,415 7,148 7,863 8,649 9,514
4 Garage 148 0 158 174 192 211 274 301 332 365 401 441 582 641 705 775
5 Safety fire 101 117 121 133 147 161 210 231 254 279 307 338 446 491 540 594
6 Lighting 94 109 116 128 140 154 201 221 243 267 294 323 427 470 516 568
7 Cattle house 5 5 6 6 7 8 10 11 12 13 15 16 21 23 26 28
8 Gardens 127 142 160 176 193 213 276 304 334 368 405 445 587 646 711 782
9 Public repair and development 508 567 639 703 773 850 1,105 1,216 1,338 1,471 1,618 1,780 2,350 2,585 2,843 3,128
10 Education 14 17 18 20 22 24 32 35 38 42 46 51 67 74 81 89
Total Salary Expenses 2,904 1,255 3,465 3,812 4,193 4,613 5,996 6,596 7,256 7,981 8,779 9,657 12,747 14,022 15,424 16,967
B Operation & Maintenance
1 Finance and Revenue Department 107 145 151 166 182 201 221 243 267 294 323 355 391 430 473 520
2 General Administration 14 11 19 21 24 27 30 34 38 42 47 53 59 66 74 83
3 Public Works 287 468 392 431 475 522 574 632 695 764 841 925 1,017 1,119 1,231 1,354
4 Fire, Electricity 192 0 245 269 296 326 359 394 434 477 525 577 635 699 769 845
5 Education, Sports amd Youth Welfare 40 48 52 58 65 73 81 91 102 114 128 143 161 180 201 226
6 Public Health Department 309 245 350 385 424 466 513 564 620 682 751 826 908 999 1,099 1,209
7 Solid Waste Mgmt 40 31 10 11 13 14 15 17 18 20 22 25 27 30 33 36
8 Zonal & Others Departments 57 57 55 60 67 73 80 89 97 107 118 130 143 157 173 190
9 Water & Sewerage Works 189 524 250 275 303 333 366 403 443 488 537 590 649 714 786 864
10 Additional O & M 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
11 Phasing of Non-debt Liabilities 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Total O&M Expenses 1,236 1,528 1,524 1,678 1,848 2,034 2,240 2,466 2,715 2,989 3,291 3,624 3,990 4,394 4,838 5,327
C Debt Servicing
1 Principal & Interest - Existing Loans 0 0 0 0 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 0 0
2 Principal & Interest - New Loans 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Total Debt Servicing 0 0 0 0 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 0 0
Total Revenue Expenditure 4,140 2,783 4,990 5,490 6,043 6,649 8,238 9,064 9,972 10,972 12,072 13,283 16,739 18,418 20,262 22,294
Surplus /Deficit 2,061 5,092 4,120 4,727 5,236 5,868 5,419 5,940 6,499 7,082 7,712 8,478 7,169 7,800 8,484 9,323
Part II - Capital Account
I Capital Income
B Loans 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
C Grants & Contributions
1 JNNURM grants 728 583 402 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2 Finance Commission grants 43 634 843 885 929 976 1,024 1,076 1,129 1,186 1,245 1,307 1,373 1,441 1,513 1,589
3 State government Grants 4 18 508 533 560 588 617 648 681 715 750 788 827 869 912 958
Total Capital Income 775 1,235 1,753 1,418 1,489 1,564 1,642 1,724 1,810 1,900 1,995 2,095 2,200 2,310 2,426 2,547
II Capital Expenditure
1 CIP as per CDP- JnNURM 0 18 0 847 847 0 0 0 0 0 0
2 Regular Capital Works 413 629 470 554 610 671 738 811 893 982 1,080 1,188 1,307 1,438 1,581 1,739
3 Others 1,828 1,075 3,331 1,418 1,489 1,564 1,642 1,724 1,810 1,900 1,995 2,095 2,200 2,310 2,426 2,547
Total Capital Expenditure 2,241 1,722 3,801 2,820 2,946 2,234 2,379 2,535 2,703 2,882 3,076 3,283 3,507 3,748 4,007 4,286
Surplus /Deficit -1,466 -487 -2,048 -1,402 -1,457 -671 -738 -811 -893 -982 -1,080 -1,188 -1,307 -1,438 -1,581 -1,739
Actuals Projection
Ministry of Urban Development
[214] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
19.7.2 Business as usual – with grant and debt
Financial Year ------> 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 2020-21 2021-22 2022-23 2023-24 2024-25 2025-26
Figures in Rs. Lakhs Estimate
Summary
Opening Balance 4,291 5,139 10,045 12,117 15,442 19,221 24,051 27,829 31,505 34,934 38,595 43,006 47,971 51,395 55,196 59,399
1 Revenue Income 6,201 7,875 9,110 10,218 11,279 12,517 13,656 15,004 16,471 18,054 19,785 21,761 23,908 26,217 28,746 31,617
2 Revenue Expenditure 4,140 2,783 4,990 5,490 6,043 6,649 8,425 9,688 11,051 12,745 14,294 15,607 19,177 20,979 22,961 25,144
a Surplus/Deficit- Revenue Account 2,061 5,092 4,120 4,727 5,236 5,868 5,231 5,316 5,420 5,309 5,491 6,154 4,731 5,238 5,785 6,474
b Operating Ratio 0.67 0.35 0.55 0.54 0.54 0.53 0.62 0.65 0.67 0.71 0.72 0.72 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80
c Debt Servicing Ratio 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.9% 2.4% 3.8% 5.4% 6.0% 5.5% 5.0% 4.6% 4.2% 3.8%
3 Capital Income 775 1,235 1,753 1,418 1,489 5,280 8,876 10,105 12,917 8,635 1,995 2,095 2,200 2,310 2,426 2,547
4 Capital Expenditure 2,241 1,722 3,801 2,820 2,946 6,318 10,330 11,745 14,908 10,282 3,076 3,283 3,507 3,748 4,007 4,286
d Surplus/Deficit- Capital Account -1,466 -487 -2,048 -1,402 -1,457 -1,038 -1,453 -1,640 -1,991 -1,648 -1,080 -1,188 -1,307 -1,438 -1,581 -1,739
e Overall Surplus/Deficit- Municipal Account 596 4,605 2,072 3,326 3,779 4,830 3,778 3,676 3,429 3,661 4,411 4,966 3,424 3,800 4,203 4,734
f Closing Balance 4,886 9,744 12,117 15,442 19,221 24,051 27,829 31,505 34,934 38,595 43,006 47,971 51,395 55,196 59,399 64,133
Opening Balance 4,291 5,139 10,045 12,117 15,442 19,221 24,051 27,829 31,505 34,934 38,595 43,006 47,971 51,395 55,196 59,399
Part I - Revenue Account
I Revenue Income
A Own Sources
Tax Revenue
1 Property Tax 239 308 322 551 645 820 790 851 903 929 947 1,039 1,115 1,145 1,166 1,279
2 Other Taxes 81 131 179 197 216 238 262 288 317 348 383 421 464 510 561 617
Sub-Total (Tax Revenue) 320 440 501 748 861 1,058 1,052 1,139 1,220 1,277 1,330 1,461 1,578 1,655 1,727 1,896
Non Tax Revenue- Others
1 Rent from municipal properties 82 95 247 272 299 329 362 398 438 481 530 583 641 705 775 853
2 Building permit fees 206 172 231 254 280 307 338 372 409 450 495 545 599 659 725 798
3 Fees fron licenses 9 30 109 120 132 145 160 176 193 213 234 257 283 312 343 377
4 Road cutting fees 111 271 45 49 54 59 65 72 79 87 96 105 116 127 140 154
5 Others 299 938 1,506 1,657 1,822 2,005 2,205 2,426 2,668 2,935 3,229 3,552 3,907 4,297 4,727 5,200
Sub-Total (Non Tax Revenue) 707 1,505 2,138 2,352 2,587 2,846 3,130 3,443 3,788 4,166 4,583 5,041 5,545 6,100 6,710 7,381
Tax + Non-Tax Revenue 1,027 1,944 2,639 3,099 3,449 3,904 4,182 4,582 5,007 5,443 5,913 6,502 7,124 7,755 8,437 9,278
B Assigned Rev, Grants & Contributions
1 Octroi Compensation 4,649 5,251 5,776 6,354 6,989 7,688 8,457 9,303 10,233 11,257 12,382 13,620 14,982 16,481 18,129 19,942
2 Other state governmetn grants 525 680 695 764 841 925 1,017 1,119 1,231 1,354 1,489 1,638 1,802 1,982 2,180 2,398
Total Grants & Contributions 5,174 5,931 6,471 7,118 7,830 8,613 9,474 10,422 11,464 12,610 13,871 15,258 16,784 18,463 20,309 22,340
Total Revenue Income 6,201 7,875 9,110 10,218 11,279 12,517 13,656 15,004 16,471 18,054 19,785 21,761 23,908 26,217 28,746 31,617
II Revenue Expenditure
A Salaries/ Wages
1 General administration/ Mayor's/Commissioner's office169 184 185 203 223 246 319 351 387 425 468 515 679 747 822 904
2 Collection of taxes 128 113 119 131 144 159 207 227 250 275 302 333 439 483 531 584
3 Public health 1,610 0 1,943 2,138 2,351 2,586 3,362 3,699 4,068 4,475 4,923 5,415 7,148 7,863 8,649 9,514
4 Garage 148 0 158 174 192 211 274 301 332 365 401 441 582 641 705 775
5 Safety fire 101 117 121 133 147 161 210 231 254 279 307 338 446 491 540 594
6 Lighting 94 109 116 128 140 154 201 221 243 267 294 323 427 470 516 568
7 Cattle house 5 5 6 6 7 8 10 11 12 13 15 16 21 23 26 28
8 Gardens 127 142 160 176 193 213 276 304 334 368 405 445 587 646 711 782
9 Public repair and development 508 567 639 703 773 850 1,105 1,216 1,338 1,471 1,618 1,780 2,350 2,585 2,843 3,128
10 Education 14 17 18 20 22 24 32 35 38 42 46 51 67 74 81 89
Total Salary Expenses 2,904 1,255 3,465 3,812 4,193 4,613 5,996 6,596 7,256 7,981 8,779 9,657 12,747 14,022 15,424 16,967
B Operation & Maintenance
1 Finance and Revenue Department 107 145 151 166 182 201 221 243 267 294 323 355 391 430 473 520
2 General Administration 14 11 19 21 24 27 30 34 38 42 47 53 59 66 74 83
3 Public Works 287 468 392 431 475 522 574 632 695 764 841 925 1,017 1,119 1,231 1,354
4 Fire, Electricity 192 0 245 269 296 326 359 394 434 477 525 577 635 699 769 845
5 Education, Sports amd Youth Welfare 40 48 52 58 65 73 81 91 102 114 128 143 161 180 201 226
6 Public Health Department 309 245 350 385 424 466 513 564 620 682 751 826 908 999 1,099 1,209
7 Solid Waste Mgmt 40 31 10 11 13 14 15 17 18 20 22 25 27 30 33 36
8 Zonal & Others Departments 57 57 55 60 67 73 80 89 97 107 118 130 143 157 173 190
9 Water & Sewerage Works 189 524 250 275 303 333 366 403 443 488 537 590 649 714 786 864
10 Additional O & M 0 0 68 273 458 796 1,029 1,131 1,245 1,369 1,506 1,656
11 Phasing of Non-debt Liabilities 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Total O&M Expenses 1,236 1,528 1,524 1,678 1,848 2,034 2,308 2,739 3,173 3,785 4,320 4,755 5,235 5,763 6,344 6,984
C Debt Servicing
1 Principal & Interest - Existing Loans 0 0 0 0 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 0 0
2 Principal & Interest - New Loans 0 0 0 0 0 0 119 351 620 977 1,193 1,193 1,193 1,193 1,193 1,193
Total Debt Servicing 0 0 0 0 2 2 121 353 622 979 1,195 1,195 1,195 1,195 1,193 1,193
Total Revenue Expenditure 4,140 2,783 4,990 5,490 6,043 6,649 8,425 9,688 11,051 12,745 14,294 15,607 19,177 20,979 22,961 25,144
Surplus /Deficit 2,061 5,092 4,120 4,727 5,236 5,868 5,231 5,316 5,420 5,309 5,491 6,154 4,731 5,238 5,785 6,474
Part II - Capital Account
I Capital Income
B Loans 0 858 1,670 1,934 2,563 1,554 0
C Grants & Contributions
1 JNNURM grants 728 583 402 0 2,859 5,565 6,447 8,544 5,180 0
2 Finance Commission grants 43 634 843 885 929 976 1,024 1,076 1,129 1,186 1,245 1,307 1,373 1,441 1,513 1,589
3 State government Grants 4 18 508 533 560 588 617 648 681 715 750 788 827 869 912 958
Total Capital Income 775 1,235 1,753 1,418 1,489 5,280 8,876 10,105 12,917 8,635 1,995 2,095 2,200 2,310 2,426 2,547
II Capital Expenditure
1 CIP as per CDP- JnNURM 0 18 0 847 847 4,084 7,950 9,210 12,206 7,400 0
2 Regular Capital Works 413 629 470 554 610 671 738 811 893 982 1,080 1,188 1,307 1,438 1,581 1,739
3 Others 1,828 1,075 3,331 1,418 1,489 1,564 1,642 1,724 1,810 1,900 1,995 2,095 2,200 2,310 2,426 2,547
Total Capital Expenditure 2,241 1,722 3,801 2,820 2,946 6,318 10,330 11,745 14,908 10,282 3,076 3,283 3,507 3,748 4,007 4,286
Surplus /Deficit -1,466 -487 -2,048 -1,402 -1,457 -1,038 -1,453 -1,640 -1,991 -1,648 -1,080 -1,188 -1,307 -1,438 -1,581 -1,739
Actuals Projection
Ministry of Urban Development
[215] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
19.7.3 Improved case – with grant and debt
Financial Year ------> 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 2020-21 2021-22 2022-23 2023-24 2024-25 2025-26
Figures in Rs. Lakhs Estimate
Summary
Opening Balance 4,291 5,139 10,045 12,117 15,558 19,598 24,316 27,399 29,824 31,242 32,893 36,092 40,258 43,390 47,516 52,795
1 Revenue Income 6,201 7,875 9,110 10,333 11,539 12,957 14,316 15,932 17,726 19,702 21,905 24,448 27,272 30,386 33,870 37,874
2 Revenue Expenditure 4,140 2,783 4,990 5,490 6,043 6,649 8,707 10,624 12,669 15,404 17,626 19,094 22,833 24,822 27,010 29,418
a Surplus/Deficit- Revenue Account 2,061 5,092 4,120 4,843 5,497 6,308 5,610 5,308 5,057 4,298 4,279 5,354 4,438 5,563 6,861 8,456
b Operating Ratio 0.67 0.35 0.55 0.53 0.52 0.51 0.61 0.67 0.71 0.78 0.80 0.78 0.84 0.82 0.80 0.78
c Debt Servicing Ratio 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 2.1% 5.5% 8.8% 12.4% 13.6% 12.2% 10.9% 9.8% 8.8% 7.9%
3 Capital Income 775 1,235 1,753 1,418 1,489 10,855 19,728 22,676 29,578 18,736 1,995 2,095 2,200 2,310 2,426 2,547
4 Capital Expenditure 2,241 1,722 3,801 2,820 2,946 12,445 22,255 25,560 33,217 21,383 3,076 3,283 3,507 3,748 4,007 4,286
d Surplus/Deficit- Capital Account -1,466 -487 -2,048 -1,402 -1,457 -1,590 -2,526 -2,884 -3,639 -2,647 -1,080 -1,188 -1,307 -1,438 -1,581 -1,739
e Overall Surplus/Deficit- Municipal Account 596 4,605 2,072 3,442 4,039 4,719 3,083 2,425 1,418 1,651 3,199 4,166 3,132 4,126 5,279 6,717
f Closing Balance 4,886 9,744 12,117 15,558 19,598 24,316 27,399 29,824 31,242 32,893 36,092 40,258 43,390 47,516 52,795 59,512
Opening Balance 4,291 5,139 10,045 12,117 15,558 19,598 24,316 27,399 29,824 31,242 32,893 36,092 40,258 43,390 47,516 52,795
Part I - Revenue Account
I Revenue Income
A Own Sources
Tax Revenue
1 Property Tax 239 308 322 551 645 820 790 851 903 929 947 1,039 1,115 1,145 1,166 1,279
2 Other Taxes 81 131 179 206 236 272 313 360 413 475 547 629 723 832 956 1,100
Sub-Total (Tax Revenue) 320 440 501 757 882 1,092 1,103 1,210 1,316 1,404 1,494 1,668 1,838 1,976 2,122 2,379
Non Tax Revenue- Others
1 Rent from municipal properties 82 95 247 284 327 376 432 497 571 657 756 869 999 1,149 1,322 1,520
2 Building permit fees 206 172 231 266 306 351 404 465 534 614 707 813 935 1,075 1,236 1,421
3 Fees fron licenses 9 30 109 126 144 166 191 220 253 290 334 384 442 508 584 672
4 Road cutting fees 111 271 45 51 59 68 78 90 103 119 136 157 180 207 239 274
5 Others 299 938 1,506 1,732 1,992 2,291 2,634 3,029 3,484 4,006 4,607 5,299 6,093 7,007 8,058 9,267
Sub-Total (Non Tax Revenue) 707 1,505 2,138 2,459 2,828 3,252 3,739 4,300 4,945 5,687 6,540 7,521 8,650 9,947 11,439 13,155
Tax + Non-Tax Revenue 1,027 1,944 2,639 3,215 3,709 4,344 4,842 5,511 6,262 7,091 8,034 9,190 10,487 11,923 13,561 15,534
B Assigned Rev, Grants & Contributions
1 Octroi Compensation 4,649 5,251 5,776 6,354 6,989 7,688 8,457 9,303 10,233 11,257 12,382 13,620 14,982 16,481 18,129 19,942
2 Other state governmetn grants 525 680 695 764 841 925 1,017 1,119 1,231 1,354 1,489 1,638 1,802 1,982 2,180 2,398
Total Grants & Contributions 5,174 5,931 6,471 7,118 7,830 8,613 9,474 10,422 11,464 12,610 13,871 15,258 16,784 18,463 20,309 22,340
Total Revenue Income 6,201 7,875 9,110 10,333 11,539 12,957 14,316 15,932 17,726 19,702 21,905 24,448 27,272 30,386 33,870 37,874
II Revenue Expenditure
A Salaries/ Wages
1 General administration/ Mayor's/Commissioner's office169 184 185 203 223 246 319 351 387 425 468 515 679 747 822 904
2 Collection of taxes 128 113 119 131 144 159 207 227 250 275 302 333 439 483 531 584
3 Public health 1,610 0 1,943 2,138 2,351 2,586 3,362 3,699 4,068 4,475 4,923 5,415 7,148 7,863 8,649 9,514
4 Garage 148 0 158 174 192 211 274 301 332 365 401 441 582 641 705 775
5 Safety fire 101 117 121 133 147 161 210 231 254 279 307 338 446 491 540 594
6 Lighting 94 109 116 128 140 154 201 221 243 267 294 323 427 470 516 568
7 Cattle house 5 5 6 6 7 8 10 11 12 13 15 16 21 23 26 28
8 Gardens 127 142 160 176 193 213 276 304 334 368 405 445 587 646 711 782
9 Public repair and development 508 567 639 703 773 850 1,105 1,216 1,338 1,471 1,618 1,780 2,350 2,585 2,843 3,128
10 Education 14 17 18 20 22 24 32 35 38 42 46 51 67 74 81 89
Total Salary Expenses 2,904 1,255 3,465 3,812 4,193 4,613 5,996 6,596 7,256 7,981 8,779 9,657 12,747 14,022 15,424 16,967
B Operation & Maintenance
1 Finance and Revenue Department 107 145 151 166 182 201 221 243 267 294 323 355 391 430 473 520
2 General Administration 14 11 19 21 24 27 30 34 38 42 47 53 59 66 74 83
3 Public Works 287 468 392 431 475 522 574 632 695 764 841 925 1,017 1,119 1,231 1,354
4 Fire, Electricity 192 0 245 269 296 326 359 394 434 477 525 577 635 699 769 845
5 Education, Sports amd Youth Welfare 40 48 52 58 65 73 81 91 102 114 128 143 161 180 201 226
6 Public Health Department 309 245 350 385 424 466 513 564 620 682 751 826 908 999 1,099 1,209
7 Solid Waste Mgmt 40 31 10 11 13 14 15 17 18 20 22 25 27 30 33 36
8 Zonal & Others Departments 57 57 55 60 67 73 80 89 97 107 118 130 143 157 173 190
9 Water & Sewerage Works 189 524 250 275 303 333 366 403 443 488 537 590 649 714 786 864
10 Additional O & M 0 0 171 682 1,146 1,990 2,571 2,828 3,111 3,422 3,765 4,141
11 Phasing of Non-debt Liabilities 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Total O&M Expenses 1,236 1,528 1,524 1,678 1,848 2,034 2,410 3,148 3,861 4,979 5,863 6,452 7,102 7,816 8,603 9,469
C Debt Servicing
1 Principal & Interest - Existing Loans 0 0 0 0 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 0 0
2 Principal & Interest - New Loans 0 0 0 0 0 0 298 879 1,551 2,442 2,982 2,982 2,982 2,982 2,982 2,982
Total Debt Servicing 0 0 0 0 2 2 300 880 1,553 2,444 2,984 2,984 2,984 2,984 2,982 2,982
Total Revenue Expenditure 4,140 2,783 4,990 5,490 6,043 6,649 8,707 10,624 12,669 15,404 17,626 19,094 22,833 24,822 27,010 29,418
Surplus /Deficit 2,061 5,092 4,120 4,843 5,497 6,308 5,610 5,308 5,057 4,298 4,279 5,354 4,438 5,563 6,861 8,456
Part II - Capital Account
I Capital Income
B Loans 0 2,144 4,174 4,835 6,408 3,885 0
C Grants & Contributions
1 JNNURM grants 728 583 402 0 7,148 13,913 16,117 21,360 12,950 0
2 Finance Commission grants 43 634 843 885 929 976 1,024 1,076 1,129 1,186 1,245 1,307 1,373 1,441 1,513 1,589
3 State government Grants 4 18 508 533 560 588 617 648 681 715 750 788 827 869 912 958
Total Capital Income 775 1,235 1,753 1,418 1,489 10,855 19,728 22,676 29,578 18,736 1,995 2,095 2,200 2,310 2,426 2,547
II Capital Expenditure
1 CIP as per CDP- JnNURM 0 18 0 847 847 10,211 19,876 23,025 30,515 18,500 0
2 Regular Capital Works 413 629 470 554 610 671 738 811 893 982 1,080 1,188 1,307 1,438 1,581 1,739
3 Others 1,828 1,075 3,331 1,418 1,489 1,564 1,642 1,724 1,810 1,900 1,995 2,095 2,200 2,310 2,426 2,547
Total Capital Expenditure 2,241 1,722 3,801 2,820 2,946 12,445 22,255 25,560 33,217 21,383 3,076 3,283 3,507 3,748 4,007 4,286
Surplus /Deficit -1,466 -487 -2,048 -1,402 -1,457 -1,590 -2,526 -2,884 -3,639 -2,647 -1,080 -1,188 -1,307 -1,438 -1,581 -1,739
Actuals Projection
Ministry of Urban Development
[216] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
19.8 Maps of Udaipur City
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CONSULTANT:
CRISIL Risk & Infrastructure Solution LimitedA subsidiary of CRISIL Limited, a Standard & Poor's company
3rd Floor, Uma Chambers, Plot No. 9 & 10, Nagarjuna Hills,
Hyderabad- 500 082, India |(B) +91 40 23358103 | www.crisil.com
NAME OF THE CLIENT:
Capacity Building for Urban DevelopmentMinistry of Urban Development
Government of India
NAME OF THE PROJECT:
Revised City Development Plan forUdaipur City
UDAIPUR
KEY MAP:
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ORIENTATION:
RAJASTHAN
SCALE:1 : 1000
City Base Map
LEGEND:
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Nela Pond
Swaroop Sagar
Tiger Hills
CONSULTANT:
CRISIL Risk & Infrastructure Solution LimitedA subsidiary of CRISIL Limited, a Standard & Poor's company
3rd Floor, Uma Chambers, Plot No. 9 & 10, Nagarjuna Hills,
Hyderabad- 500 082, India |(B) +91 40 23358103 | www.crisil.com
NAME OF THE CLIENT:
Capacity Building for Urban DevelopmentMinistry of Urban Development
Government of India
NAME OF THE PROJECT:
Revised City Development Plan forUdaipur City
UDAIPUR
KEY MAP:
N
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ORIENTATION:
RAJASTHAN
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Environment - Water Bodies Map
LEGEND:
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CONSULTANT:
CRISIL Risk & Infrastructure Solution LimitedA subsidiary of CRISIL Limited, a Standard & Poor's company
3rd Floor, Uma Chambers, Plot No. 9 & 10, Nagarjuna Hills,
Hyderabad- 500 082, India |(B) +91 40 23358103 | www.crisil.com
NAME OF THE CLIENT:
Capacity Building for Urban DevelopmentMinistry of Urban Development
Government of India
NAME OF THE PROJECT:
Revised City Development Plan forUdaipur City
UDAIPUR
KEY MAP:
N
S
W E
ORIENTATION:
RAJASTHAN
SCALE:1 : 1000
Roads Map
LEGEND:
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City Palace
Taj Lake Palace
Jag Mandir
Monsoon Palace
Jagadish Temple
Fateh Sagar Lake
The Leela Palace
Bharatita Lok Kala Mandal
Shilpgram
Ahar Museum
CONSULTANT:
CRISIL Risk & Infrastructure Solution LimitedA subsidiary of CRISIL Limited, a Standard & Poor's company
3rd Floor, Uma Chambers, Plot No. 9 & 10, Nagarjuna Hills,
Hyderabad- 500 082, India |(B) +91 40 23358103 | www.crisil.com
NAME OF THE CLIENT:
Capacity Building for Urban DevelopmentMinistry of Urban Development
Government of India
NAME OF THE PROJECT:
Revised City Development Plan forUdaipur City
UDAIPUR
KEY MAP:
N
S
W E
ORIENTATION:
RAJASTHAN
SCALE:1 : 1000
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THE OBERAI
UDAIVILAS
UDAIPUR RAILWAY STATION
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STATION
COLLECTORATE
ANTI CORRUPTION
GOVERNMENT OFFICE
TOWN HALL
CENTRAL JAIL
UDAIPUR BUS DEPOT
BHAGATH SING BUS
STAND
RURR BUS STAND
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SUB - CITY CENTER
CONSULTANT:
CRISIL Risk & Infrastructure Solution LimitedA subsidiary of CRISIL Limited, a Standard & Poor's company
3rd Floor, Uma Chambers, Plot No. 9 & 10, Nagarjuna Hills,
Hyderabad- 500 082, India |(B) +91 40 23358103 | www.crisil.com
NAME OF THE CLIENT:
Capacity Building for Urban DevelopmentMinistry of Urban Development
Government of India
NAME OF THE PROJECT:
Revised City Development Plan forUdaipur City
UDAIPUR
KEY MAP:
N
S
W E
ORIENTATION:
RAJASTHAN
SCALE:1 : 1000
Social Infrastructure Map
LEGEND:
0 0.5 1 2
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National Highway
Railway Lines
Local Roads
Water body / Pond / Lakes
Main Road
Ministry of Urban Development
[217] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
Bibliography
Census of India, Government of India, 1991, 2001, 2011
Master plan 2031 for Udaipur, UIT
Economic review 2012-13, Rajasthan State
http://www.geologydata.info/udaipur_water_resources.htm
http://www.krishi.rajasthan.gov.in/Departments/Agriculture/index_hnd.asp
http://envfor.nic.in/sites/default/files/SoE%20report%20of%20Rajasthan_0.pdf
http://rajforest.nic.in/?q=district-forest-geo1.
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http://www.phdcci.in/admin/userfiles/file/Research-Bureau/Rajasthan-state-profile.pdf
http://pppinindia.com/state-policy-rajasthan.php
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http://www.rajcluster.com/pdf/msmepolicy.pdf
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http://www.idfc.com/pdf/report/Chapter-21.pdf
http://www.rajasthantourism.gov.in/Destinations/Udaipur/Paying-Guest-Accommodation.aspx
http://www.north-india-tour-packages.com/tourism-department/department-of-tourism-rajsthan.html
http://rtdc.in/artdc.htm
Provision 4.5, The National Policy on Urban Street Vendors, Government of India 2009
[218] Draft City Development Plan – Udaipur
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CRISIL Limited CRISIL House, Central Avenue, Hiranandani Business Park, Powai, Mumbai – 400076. India Phone: + 91 22 3342 3000 Fax: + 91 22 3342 3001 Email: [email protected] (optional) www.crisil.com
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