Slide 1

Slide 2 Civil War (1861-62) Slide 3 key Civil War battles First Bull Run (First Manassas) (July 1861) Seven Days Campaign (June-July 1862) Confederates gain initiative (Lee, Jackson) Union stops conciliating civilians Lincoln decides to abolish slavery Slide 4 key Civil War battles First Bull Run (First Manassas) (July 1861) Seven Days Campaign (June-July 1862) Antietam and Perryville (September 1862) Union regains initiative (Grant) Lincoln announces Emancipation Proclamation Slide 5 Civil War 1861-62 from union war to abolition war from conciliation to pragmatism modernizing of armies (more so for Union) modernizing of government (Union only) Slide 6 further reading The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies (1863-1901) Battles and Leaders of the Civil War (1887-88) Bell Irvin Wiley, The Life of Johnny Reb (1943) Bell Irvin Wiley, The Life of Billy Yank (1952) James McPherson, Battle Cry of Freedom (1988) Slide 7 Wartime Reconstruction (1861-62) Slide 8 Sea Islands, South Carolina Slide 9 Robert Barnwell Rhett house, Sea Islands Slide 10 cypress swamp, Sea Islands Slide 11 the Sea Islands during the Civil War Nov 1861: Union seizes some of the Sea Islands Slide 12 the Sea Islands during the Civil War Nov 1861: Union seizes some of the Sea Islands Jan 1862: Pierce is sent to investigate Slide 13 the Sea Islands during the Civil War Nov 1861: Union seizes some of the Sea Islands Jan 1862: Pierce is sent to investigate Feb 1862: freedmens aid societies form in New York and Boston (the Gideonites) Slide 14 goals of the Gideonites provide aid to the needy Slide 15 goals of the Gideonites provide aid to the needy aid should entail self-help aid should be provided by volunteers Slide 16 goals of the Gideonites provide aid to the needy aid should entail self-help aid should be provided by volunteers prepare the slaves for freedom Slide 17 goals of the Gideonites provide aid to the needy aid should entail self-help aid should be provided by volunteers prepare the slaves for freedom training for living (bourgeois capitalism) training for living (domesticity) Slide 18 goals of the Gideonites provide aid to the needy aid should entail self-help aid should be provided by volunteers prepare the slaves for freedom training for living (bourgeois capitalism) training for living (domesticity) without endangering the cotton crop Slide 19 the Sea Islands during the Civil War Nov 1861: Union seizes some of the Sea Islands Jan 1862: Pierce is sent to investigate Feb 1862: freedmens aid societies form in New York and Boston (the Gideonites) Mar 1862: first Gideonites arrive Slide 20 the Sea Islands during the Civil War Nov 1861: Union seizes some of the Sea Islands Jan 1862: Pierce is sent to investigate Feb 1862: freedmens aid societies form in New York and Boston (the Gideonites) Mar 1862: first Gideonites arrive April 1862: Towne arrives Slide 21 Laura Towne and her students Slide 22 the Sea Islands during the Civil War Nov 1861: Union seizes some of the Sea Islands Jan 1862: Pierce is sent to investigate Feb 1862: freedmens aid societies form in New York and Boston (the Gideonites) Mar 1862: first Gideonites arrive April 1862: Towne arrives May 1862: first draft (companies disbanded) Slide 23 the Sea Islands during the Civil War Nov 1861: Union seizes some of the Sea Islands Jan 1862: Pierce is sent to investigate Feb 1862: freedmens aid societies form in New York and Boston (the Gideonites) Mar 1862: first Gideonites arrive April 1862: Towne arrives May 1862: first draft (companies disbanded) May 1862: Smalls escapes to Union lines Slide 24 Robert B. Smalls Slide 25 Thomas Wentworth Higginson Slide 26 the Sea Islands during the Civil War Nov 1862: Higginson takes command of the 1 st SC Vols Slide 27 First South Carolina Volunteers Slide 28 Our masters have live under the flag, they got there wealth under it, and every thing beautiful for their children. Under it they have grind us up, and put us in there pocket for money. But the first minute they think that old flag mean freedom for we colored people, they pull it right down, and run up the rag of their own. -corporal in the 1 st SC Vols, quoted by Higginson Slide 29 Charlotte Forten Slide 30 the Sea Islands during the Civil War Oct 1862: Forten arrives Nov 1862: Higginson takes command of the 1 st SC Vols Slide 31 the Sea Islands during the Civil War Oct 1862: Forten arrives Nov 1862: Higginson takes command of the 1 st SC Vols Jan 1863: abolition of slavery Slide 32 Elizabeth Hyde Botume and friend Slide 33 the Sea Islands during the Civil War Oct 1862: Forten arrives Nov 1862: Higginson takes command of the 1 st SC Vols Jan 1863: abolition of slavery Nov 1863: Botume arrives Slide 34 I must first know something of their dialect in order that we might understand each other. -excerpt from Elizabeth Hyde Botumes memoir Slide 35 Others of the colored people joined in; some whites on the platform began, but I motioned them to silence. I never saw anything so electric; it made all other words cheap; it seemed the choked voice of a race at last unloosed. -excerpt from Higginson, Army Life in a Black Regiment (1870)