Civil War (1861-62)

Civil War (1861-62)

key Civil War battlesFirst Bull Run (First Manassas) (July 1861)Seven Days Campaign (June-July 1862)Confederates gain initiative (Lee, Jackson)Union stops conciliating civiliansLincoln decides to abolish slaverykey Civil War battlesFirst Bull Run (First Manassas) (July 1861)Seven Days Campaign (June-July 1862)Antietam and Perryville (September 1862)Union regains initiative (Grant)Lincoln announces Emancipation ProclamationCivil War 1861-62from union war to abolition warfrom conciliation to pragmatismmodernizing of armies (more so for Union)modernizing of government (Union only)further readingThe War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies (1863-1901)Battles and Leaders of the Civil War (1887-88)Bell Irvin Wiley, The Life of Johnny Reb (1943)Bell Irvin Wiley, The Life of Billy Yank (1952)James McPherson, Battle Cry of Freedom (1988)Wartime Reconstruction (1861-62)Sea Islands, South Carolina

Robert Barnwell Rhett house, Sea Islands

cypress swamp, Sea Islands

the Sea Islands during the Civil WarNov 1861: Union seizes some of the Sea Islandsthe Sea Islands during the Civil WarNov 1861: Union seizes some of the Sea IslandsJan 1862: Pierce is sent to investigatethe Sea Islands during the Civil WarNov 1861: Union seizes some of the Sea IslandsJan 1862: Pierce is sent to investigateFeb 1862: freedmens aid societies form in New York and Boston (the Gideonites)goals of the Gideonitesprovide aid to the needygoals of the Gideonitesprovide aid to the needyaid should entail self-helpaid should be provided by volunteersgoals of the Gideonitesprovide aid to the needyaid should entail self-helpaid should be provided by volunteersprepare the slaves for freedomgoals of the Gideonitesprovide aid to the needyaid should entail self-helpaid should be provided by volunteersprepare the slaves for freedomtraining for living (bourgeois capitalism)training for living (domesticity)

goals of the Gideonitesprovide aid to the needyaid should entail self-helpaid should be provided by volunteersprepare the slaves for freedomtraining for living (bourgeois capitalism)training for living (domesticity)without endangering the cotton cropthe Sea Islands during the Civil WarNov 1861: Union seizes some of the Sea IslandsJan 1862: Pierce is sent to investigateFeb 1862: freedmens aid societies form in New York and Boston (the Gideonites)Mar 1862: first Gideonites arrivethe Sea Islands during the Civil WarNov 1861: Union seizes some of the Sea IslandsJan 1862: Pierce is sent to investigateFeb 1862: freedmens aid societies form in New York and Boston (the Gideonites)Mar 1862: first Gideonites arriveApril 1862: Towne arrivesLaura Towne and her students

the Sea Islands during the Civil WarNov 1861: Union seizes some of the Sea IslandsJan 1862: Pierce is sent to investigateFeb 1862: freedmens aid societies form in New York and Boston (the Gideonites)Mar 1862: first Gideonites arriveApril 1862: Towne arrivesMay 1862: first draft (companies disbanded)

the Sea Islands during the Civil WarNov 1861: Union seizes some of the Sea IslandsJan 1862: Pierce is sent to investigateFeb 1862: freedmens aid societies form in New York and Boston (the Gideonites)Mar 1862: first Gideonites arriveApril 1862: Towne arrivesMay 1862: first draft (companies disbanded)May 1862: Smalls escapes to Union linesRobert B. Smalls

Thomas Wentworth Higginson

the Sea Islands during the Civil WarNov 1862: Higginson takes command of the 1st SC VolsFirst South Carolina Volunteers

Our masters have live under the flag, they got there wealth under it, and every thing beautiful for their children. Under it they have grind us up, and put us in there pocket for money. But the first minute they think that old flag mean freedom for we colored people, they pull it right down, and run up the rag of their own.-corporal in the 1st SC Vols, quoted by HigginsonCharlotte Forten

the Sea Islands during the Civil WarOct 1862: Forten arrivesNov 1862: Higginson takes command of the 1st SC Volsthe Sea Islands during the Civil WarOct 1862: Forten arrivesNov 1862: Higginson takes command of the 1st SC VolsJan 1863: abolition of slavery

Elizabeth Hyde Botume and friend

the Sea Islands during the Civil WarOct 1862: Forten arrivesNov 1862: Higginson takes command of the 1st SC VolsJan 1863: abolition of slaveryNov 1863: Botume arrivesI must first know something of their dialect in order that we might understand each other.-excerpt from Elizabeth Hyde Botumes memoirOthers of the colored people joined in; some whites on the platform began, but I motioned them to silence. I never saw anything so electric; it made all other words cheap; it seemed the choked voice of a race at last unloosed. -excerpt from Higginson, Army Life in a Black Regiment (1870)Beulah LandJohn Davis, Bessie Jones, Georgia Sea Island SingersJoin The Band, track 10/16, disc 1/12012Folk261111.55eng - Amazon.com Song ID: 226752719