Civil WarBasics

Dates: April 12, 1861 to April 9, 1865

North Union Blue Yanks

South Confederacy Gray Rebels

Names for the Civil War The War for Constitutional Liberty The War for Southern Independence The Second American Revolution The War for States' Rights Mr. Lincoln's War The Southern Rebellion The War for Southern Rights The War of the Southern Planters The War of the Rebellion The Second War for Independence The War to Suppress Yankee Arrogance The Brothers' War The War of Secession The Great Rebellion The War for Nationality The War for Southern Nationality The War Against Slavery The Civil War Between the States The War of the Sixties

The War Against Northern Aggression The Yankee Invasion The War for Separation The War for Abolition The War for the Union The Confederate War The War of the Southrons The War for Southern Freedom The War of the North and South The Lost Cause The War Between the States The Late Unpleasantness The Late Friction The Late Ruction The Schism The Uncivil War

“…You are rushing into war with one of the most powerful, ingeniously mechanical and determined people on earth – right at your doors… Only in spirit and determination are you prepared for war”

William Tecumseh Sherman

The Numbers – Population - Manpower

The South States - 11 Population - 9 million –

4.2 million slaves

Army enlistments – 1.2 -1.4 million

The North States - 24 Population – 22. 5

million Army enlistments 2.7 –

2.9 million

The Numbers – Railroads

The South 20 % of RR Miles

Gages not uniform

The North 80% of the RR miles

Mostly Uniform Gage

Of 470 locomotives all but 19 produced in the North

The Numbers – Economic Strength

The South Banking capital - $47

million Property values – $5.5

billion

The North First in Finance 4 times the bank

deposits as the South Banking capital - $330

million Property values - $11

billion –

The Numbers – Economic Strength - Manufacturing

The North 80% of Industrial

Capacity One county – New

Haven Connecticut -- produced firearms valued at 10 times the capacity of the all the Confederacy combined.

110,000 manufacturing facilities

1.2 million industrial workers

The South 100,000 industrial workers in

all of the South

Advantages - North Superior Leadership –

Lincoln Larger Population Military power-5 to 2

advantage in men available to fight

Advantages - North

Industrial wealth – more manufactured goods 97% of firearms

More trained mechanics

Advantages - NorthGreater wealthDeveloped

banking and finance system

Double the railroad miles

Advantages - North

Two-thirds more farm acreageHeld more territoryFought on Southern SoilControlled Shipping

Disadvantages - North

Weak motivationUn-aggressive officersFar from home base

Communications and suppliesVast land to conquer and hold

2,000 miles of coast to blockade

Advantages - South

Outstanding Military LeadershipStrong Military traditionStrong motivation

Advantages - South

Home court advantage Skilled with guns and horsesCotton – yes and no

Disadvantages – South Inflation – printed money without

anything to back it. Inferior numbersAutocratic leadership

Jefferson DavisNo “real” navy

Brother Against Brother

The End

"...we are not only fighting hostile armies, but a hostile people, and must make old and young, rich and poor, feel the hard hand of war, as well as their organized armies.

William Tecumseh Sherman