Civil War Leaders and Battles part 1.pptx

7/27/2019 Civil War Leaders and Battles part 1.pptx

1/17

EOCT Review Question-Example of social mobility

-inventor, writer, diplomat

-helped convince France to send aid

during American Revolution

Which of the following is described by thelist?

a. Thomas Jefferson

b. Marquis de Lafayette

c. Benjamin Franklin

d. John Adams


2/17

Unit 4: A Nation Divided

Lesson 4: Civil War Leaders and

Battles part 1


3/17

SSUSH9

c. Describe the roles of Ulysses Grant,

Robert E. Lee, Stonewall Jackson,

William T. Sherman, and Jefferson Davis.

f. Explain the importance of the growing

economic disparity between the North and

the South through an examination of

population, functioning railroads, andindustrial output.


4/17

New Political Parties

As tensions heighten, in 1854 Northern

Democrats (who opposed slavery) and

Free Soilers ( a party opposing slaveryin the new territories) unite

They call their new party the Republican

Party Abraham Lincoln (from Illinois) will

emerge as the parties leader


5/17

1860: Abraham Lincoln is elected

In the 1860 Presidential election, Abraham Lincolnwas considered a"dark horse" candidate. Lincoln

ran on the Republican platform of opposition to

the extension of slavery in the westernterritories.

He was elected with only 40% of the popular vote.Several Southern states declared they wouldsecede from the Union if Abraham Lincoln

became President.


6/17


7/17

Secession

Secession: The act of separating from theUnion.

South Carolina ceded December 20, 1860

By February 1, 1861 seven states had

seceded from the United States.(South Carolina, Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia,

Louisiana and Texas)

These seven states formed the ConfederateStates of Americaand elected Jefferson Davis

as their President.


8/17

Fort Sumter, Charleston, SC Fort Sumter, a Union fort in Charleston Harbor, is

surrounded after South Carolina secedes in December1860

The Union refused tosurrender the fort and

Jefferson Davis ordersSouthern troops to

attack the fort with

cannons

After 33 hours, Unionsoldiers surrendered,starting the Civil War


9/17


10/17

Americans Expect a Short

War Both the North and South thought they were

right in the war.

2 sides were unevenly matched how??

Union: More fighting power, more factories,

greater food production, better RR

system, weaker military leaders Confederacy:

Had a lot of money (off of cotton), great

military leadership, motivated soldiers


11/17


12/17

Jefferson Davis (Confederacy-South)

Was the first and onlyPresident of the

Confederate States of

America (1861-1865)

Appointed Robert E. Lee

commander of Army of

Northern Virginia in 1862

Believed theConfederacy should stay

on the defense


13/17

Robert E. Lee (Confederacy-South)

Resigned from the US Army tofight for the Confederacy: was

against slavery but didnt want tofight against the South

Named commander of the Armyof Northern Virginia in 1862

Lee believed that theConfederacy should use theirmilitary expertise on go on theoffensive

Led the Confederacy to manyvictories; however, his offensive

attempts to invade the North failed(Battle of Antietam and Battle ofGettysburg)


14/17

Thomas Stonewall Jackson(Confederacy-

South)-Played a major role in defeating the

Union Army at the first major battleof the war (Bull Run-1861), the

loss at Bull Run made the Union

realize that it would be a

prolonged war

-Fought with Lee at Antietam

-Helped defeat the Union Army at

Fredericksburg (1862) and

Chancellorsville (1863)-Was accidently shot at night by his

own men at Chancellorsville and

died 8 days later


15/17

Ulysses Grant (Union-North)

Had early success fightingin the west (TN, LA, MS)

Captured Vicksburg, MSgiving the Union control of

the Mississippi River Lincoln promoted him to

commander of the entireUnion Army in 1864

Fights Lee in a series ofbattles ending inLeessurrender at Appomattox in1865


16/17

William Sherman (Union-

North)

Fought with Grant atVicksburg

Named Union Commander

of the West (1864)

Attacked and destroyed the

city of Atlanta, a major

southern railroad center, in

the fall of 1864 (Shermans

March) & captured

Savannah (Major port)


17/17

Exit!

1. What happened as a result of

the Abraham Lincolns election

in 1860?

2. Why were shots fired at Fort

Sumter?

Documents

Civil War Leaders and Battles part 1.pptx