Classification and Structure of Bones

Goals for Today

Learn about skeletal support system

Learn about the 4 bone groups

Learn about bone structure

Learn about bone markings and their functions

Support System

Cartilage - gel-like matrix with fibers (EX:collagen) - chondrocyte (Cartilage) cells

Bone - matrix filled with calcium salts - rigid = calcium salts - flexible = collagen matrix - osteocyte cells

Pg. 78

Activity 3 – Heat and HCl on Bones

Heat – dries the organic matrix of the bone

What will happen?

Vinegar – removes calcium salts from bone

What will happen?

Hyaline- sturdy support w/ some “give”- EX: nose, trachea, ribs

Elastic- flexible- lots of elastin fibers- EX: epiglottis, ear

Fibrocartilage- resists compression- EX: intervertebral disks

Be able to give examples

Cartilage is your Friend !!

Infant Adult

The 4 Bone GroupsLong Bones – longer than wide.

EX: femur, humerus

Short Bones – cube-shaped. EX: tarsals, carpals

Flat Bones – thin and flattened. EX: skull, ribs

Irregular Bones – “other bones” EX: vertebrae

http://www.ortho-u.net/image4/lum2.jpg

Pg. 75Pg. 75

Epiphyseal Plate (Growth)

Osteon

Central Canal w/ blood vessels, nerves

Lacunae w/ bone cells

Bone Markings

Joints

Muscle Attachment

Vessel Passage

Crest

Tuberosity

                                                                                  

Head

Condyle

Foramen

Spine

To Do List

1. Learn to categorize bones into the 4 groups

2. Examine femur cross-section. Identify the parts

3. Look at bone slide. Identify parts

4. Learn bone marking vocabulary. Identify each marking on an actual bone

5. Look at vinegar and heat-treated bones.