Cloze - Exam Practice (August 2013)

8/12/2019 Cloze - Exam Practice (August 2013)

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USE OF ENGLISH. CLOZE EXERCISEIn the following text, fill in the blank with ONL! ONE "OR#

So$iolog% of &o't

Sociology (1) .. how human societies are structured and how the latter

affect the way in (2) . humans organise and experience life.

Mega-events () .. as the !lympic and "aralympic #ames are interesting to

$uestion from a sociological (%) .... for many reasons. Sporting events&

when (') . as cultural events& can symolise& reflect and indeed celerate

the dominant eliefs and values of a () society. Sociologists might (*)

the following $uestions& among others+

,hy are certain ethnic groups over-represented in some events and under-

represented in () ..

,hich groups of people are most (/) to uy tic0ets to the

#ames

,hat (1) . the impact of the #ames e on the people and the site

where the event is (11) .

o the #ames ecome sites for disagreements etween nations to e 3played-

out3 (12) sport

,hy does the (1) .. nation4city strive to show the world 5their perfect

image6 7s this image to e (1%) ....... on or should audiences worldwide

dismiss it as artificial and a fa0e

8he history of the participation of minorities (namely women& certain ethnic groups and

(1') .. athletes) can also e explored in the vast collection of oo0s and

9ournals at the :ritish ;irary& (1) ..philatelic collections provide insight into

the social 3legitimated stories3.


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?re there any (1) ... Buite a fewC 8o start (2) .& Daceoo0 can

give rise to harmful and () .. activities such as impersonation& identity

theft& and cyerullying. Secondly& users (%) .. elieve that the

information& pictures and content they post is visile only to (') and

to people they choose to have access to it. 7ndeed& pulic data can e ()

and it remains accessile for a long time -there or (*) ..... -&

() eing deleted y the user. ;ast ut not (/) .& universities&

employers& potential osses& and recently the police increasingly (1) .. to

loo0 for information aout individuals on social networ0s. 8his has (11) ..

to Daceoo0 eing nic0named Stal0er.com. ata management and privacy issues have

ecome 0ey digital literacy and e-safety areas @ of course these aren>t (12)

to social networ0ing services& ut these are the contexts within (1)

we are tal0ing to our friends and the world aout what it was we got up to

last night.


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8here seems to e a very close connection etween violence and street gangs. 8he

modern street gang ta0es many forms. 7ndividual memers or (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

gang organiAations may traffic in drugs& operate car theft rings& (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

shootings& assaults& roeries and other felonies. 8hey often terroriAe neighourhoods.

8he most amitious gangs spread () . . . . . . . . . . . . . . from their home 9urisdictions to

other cities and states. Many are supported (%) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . the sale of crac0

cocaine& heroin and other illegal drugs and they have (') . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . easy

access to high-powered guns and rifles. Durthermore& in many impoverished and

transitional neighourhoods& children are () . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . into or must contend

with second and third generation street gangs.

?ttempts to (*) . . . . . . . . . . . . data aout gangs at the national level have een

complicated y the () . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . that definitions differ as to (/) . . . . . . . . . . . .

constitutes a gang. 8he 2 Eational Fouth #ang Survey as0ed law enforcement

officials aout the characteristics they considered important (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

defining a youth gang. 8he characteristics (11) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . often named were

that a gang commits crime togetherG they have a nameG they usually hang (12) . . . . . . .

together and claim a turf or territory of some (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . #angs often

display or wear common colours or (1%) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . insignia and they all

have a leader.

?nother important social factor is that gangs sometimes serve as families for children

(1') . . . . . . . . . . . . . . own families are dysfunctional.


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8he tragedy that (1) Haiti in Ianuary is easy to measure in the lives lost&

and the homes and infrastructure (2) . 8he paradox of the earth$ua0e

is e$ually evident+ when a natural disaster so devastating hits& () . we

have some way of predicting it Hurricanes& liAAards& (%) . volcanoes

can e forecast well efore their arrival& (') governments and people to

() . lifesaving preparations.


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? little-noticed case from the early 1//s mar0ed the eginning of neuroscience. 8he

case (1) . Herert ,einstein& a '- (2) executive who

was charged with () his wife& :arara& to death and then& in an effort to

(%) the murder loo0 li0e a suicide& throwing her ody out the window of

their 12th-floor apartment in Manhattan. :efore the trial egan& ,einstein>s lawyer

(') ...... that his client should not e held responsile for his actions ecause

() .. a mental defect K namely& an anormal cyst in his arachnoid

memrane& which (*) .. the rain li0e a spider we. 8oday& ?merican law

holds people criminally responsile () ...they act under duress& (e.g.& with a

gun (/) . at the head) or if they suffer from a serious defect in rationality K

li0e not eing ale to (1) .. right from wrong. :ut in the latter case& the

law generally doesn>t care (11) . K whether it>s an unhappy childhood or

an arachnoid cyst or (12) ...................... 8hat criminals could e excused ecause their

rains made them do it (1) anyone (1%) .. rain isn>t

functioning properly could e excused. 7s it the courtsL (1') . to define the

5normal6 rain


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Realit% ()is a genre (1) presents purportedly unscripted dramatic or

humorous situations& documents (2) events& and features ordinary

people () .. of professional actors. Jeality 8= covers a (%)

range of formats& from game shows (') surveillance-

or voyeurism-focused productions such as Big Brother.

8he term reality television is () .. to e somewhat of a misnomer.

Shows portray a modified and highly influenced form of (*) ..& with

participants put in exotic () . or anormal situations& often (/)

to act in certain ways y off-screen handlers& and with events on

screen manipulated (1) .. editing and other post-production

techni$ues. (11) remains some controversy over whether talent-search

shows such as the Idolseries are truly reality television. 7n 9o-search shows such as

The Apprentice, the competition (12) around a s0ill contestants were

pre-screened for. Nompetitors (1) a variety of tas0s ased on that

s0ill& are 9udged& and are then (1%) or removed y a (1')

. expert or a panel of experts.

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Cloze - Exam Practice (August 2013)