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Cold War 1945 - 1991. technological. D emocracy. capitalism. economic. cultural. Ideologies. C ommunism. medical. command. WWII. war. political. hot. cold. Berlin Wall. Balance of Power / International. social. Bi-polar. Sports. Cold War 1945 - 1991. Oil. Warsaw. NATO. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Cold War
1945 - 1991
Cold War1945 - 1991
WWII
technological economic
medical
political
cultural
social
Ideologies war
hot cold
Democracy capitalism
Communismcommand
Bi-polar
Berlin Wall Balance of Power / International
WarsawNATO
Arms Race
ICBM
atomicnuclear
Space Race NASA - Astronaut
Soviet -Cosmonaut
Espionage
Intelligence Sources spies
KGBCIA
Proxy Wars
“20”
Decolonization 40’s 50’s
60’s
70’s80’sMusic
Computers
Terrorism
Oil
Sports
NATIONAL ANTHEMS:
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA&
SOVIET UNION
Results/Influences following World War II…
• Political – Fascism destroyed; democracy vs. communism struggle for control
• Cultural/social – Europe in ruins and divided loyalties; 50+ million dead; cultures/society in distress
• Economic – Allies attempt to resolve destroyed European economies; capitalism vs. command; debts
• Technological – stealing of valuable inventions/innovations
• Medical – new concepts/procedures
USA
USSR
Ideological struggle resulting after the end of World War II…
United Statesand
Western Democracies
• “Containment” of communism
• Eventual collapse of the communist world
Soviet Union (USSR)and
Eastern Block Nations
• Spread world-wide communism
Methodologies –1. Espionage (CIA vs. KGB)2. Arms Race (nuclear escalation)3. Ideological competition for the hearts and minds of
Third World Peoples; “proxy wars”4. Bi-polarization of Europe (NATO vs. Warsaw Pact)
Concept of “containment” towards communism…
• Restoration of a balance of power– Promote self-confidence in nations threatened by
Soviets (Truman Doctrine); long-term economic help (Marshall Plan)
• Reduction of Soviet power on international stage– Exploitation of communist tensions/expansion;
cooperation with communist regimes• Modify Soviet international relations
– Negotiate differences; “carrots and sticks” policy for Germany and USSR
Berlin Airlift1948-49
What makes the Soviet threat unique in history is its all-inclusiveness.
Every human activity is pressed into service as a weapon of expansion.
Trade, economic development, military power, arts, science, education, the whole world of ideas....
The Soviets are, in short, waging total cold war.
President Dwight D. Eisenhower, 1958
America
Free elections
Democratic
Capitalist
‘Survival of the fittest’
Richest world power
Personal freedom
Freedom of the media
Soviet UnionNo elections or fixed
Autocratic / Dictatorship
Communist
Everybody helps everybody
Poor economic base
Society controlled by the NKVD (secret police)
Total censorship
Differences in the Cold War…United States
• Democratic Gov’t
• Capitalist Economy– Free-enterprise– Variety and competition– Private ownership
• Allies
Soviet Union (USSR)
• Communist Gov’t
• Command Economy– Government control– Limited choice/elimination of
competition– Government ownership
• Allies
Top 15 contributors to the UN budget 2013
Member state Contribution(% of UN budget)
United States 22.000%
Japan 10.833% Germany 7.141% France 5.593%
United Kingdom 5.179%
China 5.148% Italy 4.448% Canada 2.984% Spain 2.973% Brazil 2.934% Russia 2.438% Australia 2.074%
South Korea 1.994%
Mexico 1.842%
Netherlands 1.654%
Other member states 20.765%
Atomic/Nuclear Influences
PLAY “BAREFOOT GEN” FOR EXPLOSION OVER HIROSHIMA9:02
http://www.gensuikin.org/english/photo.html
http://www.museumofworldwarii.com/TourText/Area16a_AtomicBomb_new.htm
Cold War: A Brief HistoryThe Beginnings of the “Nuclear” Cold War
• …following World War II, the United Nations met in January 1946, and created the United Nations Atomic Energy Commission; the goal was to eliminate all weapons of mass destruction, including the atomic bomb.
•…first policy on the control of atomic energy was The Report On The International Control Of Atomic Energy, or the "Acheson-Lilienthal" Report, in March 1946.
•…the U.S. proposed to the United Nations an international ban on nuclear material; it called for the establishment of an international authority to control potentially dangerous atomic activities and carry out inspections.
•…The Soviets rejected this ban proposal, which would have left the United States with a decisive nuclear superiority until the details of the Plan could be worked out and would have stopped the Soviet nuclear program. The Soviets responded by calling for universal nuclear disarmament.
•… In 1946, the United States conducted the world's first postwar nuclear test.
•…Meanwhile, the control of the U.S. atomic efforts transferred from military control to civilian. The Atomic Energy Act of 1946 established the Atomic Energy Commission which controlled all aspects of nuclear power.
SRBM Comparison
MRBM and IRBM Comparison
ICBM Comparison
SLBM Comparison
Cruise Missile Comparison
Ballistic Missile Category Maximum Range
Short-range ballistic missile (SRBM)
<1,000 km (621 mi)
Medium-range ballistic missile (MRBM)
1,000-3,000 km (621-1,864 mi)
Intermediate-range ballistic missile (IRBM)
3,000-5,500 km (1,864 - 3,418 mi)
Intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM)
>5,500 km (3,418 mi)
Submarine-launched ballistic missile (SLBM)
Any ballistic missile launched from a submarine, regardless of maximum range
LV to Salt Lake City
LV to Minneapolis
LV to New York City
LA to New York City and beyond
Blast—40-50% of total energy Thermal radiation—30-50% of total energy Ionizing radiation—5% of total energy Residual radiation—5-10% of total energy
PLAY “BEST OF ALL NUCLEAR BLASTS”7:42
PLAY “NUCLEAR DETONATION TIMELINE: 1945-1998”9:59
PLAY “SPUTNIK OCTOBER 4, 1957”3:24
PLAY “HISTORY OF AMERICAN MANNED SPACEFLIGHT” 8:48
LV to Salt Lake City
PLAY “APOLLO 11 40TH ANNIVERSAY”4:51
PLAY “APOLLO 13 THE REAL STORY”2:58
PLAY “CHALLENGER SPACE SHUTTLE CRASH”2:04
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