Cold War

An Introduction

http://mcrlover993.multiply.com/video/item/20

While viewing the animated version of The Butter Battle Book by Dr. Seuss you are asked to create a t-chart in order to document information revealed about the Yooks and the Zooks (keep in mind what you see AND hear!).

Yooks Zooks

Yooks Zooks

-Butter side up -Butter side down

Even though US and Russia had fought side by side against Hitler, there were basic differences in outlook

Russia was communist – government controlled property and businesses, basic freedoms controlled by government

USA was democratic – freedom of their citizens, capitalism, right to vote

New type of warfare begins

USA and USSR knew that an all-out war would destroy both countries so a new type of struggle started – COLD WAR

The superpowers never directly fought each other, but fought wars in other countries usually with a clash of two ideologies – communism vs. democracy

During World War 2

The Russian army had invaded countries of Eastern Europe

Stalin had promised to withdraw troops from these countries when the war ended

He refused Stalin used his army to force

these nations to turn communist

Reasons for these actions:

1) Stalin set up countries as a defensive wall in case Russia faced an attack from the west

2) Russia had suffered great losses of men and material in WW2, and the countryside was destroyed – by controlling nations on her borders, Russia hoped to ensure next war would be fought in these countries

The United Nations (1945) Its goals are to maintain international peace

and security, promote social progress, better living standards and human rights.

Second generation of League of Nations. Established in April 1945 by “Big Five” nations

– Soviet Union, United States, Britain, France, China

Countries in Eastern Europe became Russian Satellites

Russia sealed off these nations from contact with the free nations of the world

Travel into the free world became difficult Trade was cut off with non-communist

nations News from outside the communist world

was not allowed to enter these countries

U.S.A vs. U.S.S.RClashing ideologies

Democratic vs. Autocratic/Dictatorship Free elections vs. No elections Capitalist vs. Communist Survival of the fittest vs. Everybody helps

everybody else Personal freedom vs. Controlled society

The Iron Curtain

“From Stettin in the Baltic to Trieste in the Adriatic, an iron curtain has descended across the continent”

On March 5,1946, Winston Churchill first referred to a Communist “iron curtain” across eastern Europe

Winston Churchill

Winston Churchill looking under the iron curtain

Truman Doctrine (1947) Truman stressed the

duty of the US to combat totalitarian regimes worldwide.

The Doctrine was a shift in American foreign policy to a policy of containment of Soviet expansion.

Often used it to mark the starting date of the Cold War

NATO (1949)

The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) was established as an international organization for defense collaboration which attempted to align nations opposed to Soviet expansion.

The agreement stated that if any member of NATO was attacked by a communist state, all the members of NATO promised to help

Warsaw Pact (1955)

Formal name is the Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation and Mutual Assistance formed in response to NATO.

Signed by eastern European nations in an effort to combat western alliances.

Military treaty that bound its members to come to the aid of the others if threatened by foreign aggression.

Zooks, Yooks, Russians and Americans, oh my! Revisit the t-chart you created about Dr.

Seuss’ Butter Battle featuring the Yooks and the Zooks.

Can you draw parallels between their ‘battle’ and that of the Cold War? In which ways are they similar? In which ways are they different?